warehousing

追加: 2026-05-20

[00:00:00]hello students good morning so today we are going to discuss on the concept called transportation so in business or in the day-to-day life of the business transportation it plays a very important and a very prominent transportation it plays a very important and a prominent role in the business organization so the reason why i say that it is playing or it plays a very important role is that transportation is the one which helps the uh producer to see that the goats are reaching the customers who are available in each and every nook and corners of the country so customers so the producer from one place to another place okay so the transportation it can be through rail or road or through sea or air or anything this so it's like transportation it comprises trade services together with supporting and auxiliary services by all modes of transport so all modes of transport it may be a road or rail or airways or sea ways for the movement of goods and international carriage of passengers not just goods are getting transported but also the human beings or the people yes the people or the passengers are yeah they get uh or they move from one place to another with the help of transportation is they get transported transported through the various means of transportation like on this railway or roadways or there is a movement of certain commodities or items or goods or the passengers from one place to another place okay so it's like uh in your previous classes you have already uh readily studied about the comparative advantages and disadvantages of different modes of transportation in earlier classes yes so in your previous classes i've already studied about what are the advantages and different uh i mean these are decentralized of different modes of transportation so their services they are considered to be important for business since speed is an essence in any business organization speed it becomes the essence in any business organization [Music] speed is an essence speed is an essence in any business transaction speed is in essence in any business transaction so it is likely said that the transportation it helps in the removing of uh entrances of place yes so ralph's in removing the entrance of place or reply acts as an removing agent of the entrance of place so endurance of place it is the place of the producer the place of consumer so it moves that uh the or it solves the entrance of uh place a you know entrance they place so it makes goods available to the consumer from the place of production from the place of production yes it says that the goods are reaching the customer it sees that the goods are reaching the customer she said the goods are reaching the customer in time so what they do is like they see that the goods are made available to the consumers from the place of productions or a place of production in the consumer place again available which is very important activity of transportation so we need to develop a transportation system to keep pace with the requirement of our economy so we need better infrastructure of road with sufficient width and high quality rotation space it becomes easy for us to provide the transportation in an effective manner so effective in moderating our transportation provide motherboard if not it becomes very difficult in facilities so both government as well as the industry it needs to be proactive and view the effective functioning of its service as necessary for necessity for providing a lifeline to the business services only when there is a good transportation facility only when there is a good transportation facility the business services can be or effectively uh utilized or business services can be provided in an effective manner so both the government as well as the industry they have to be proactive and view the effective functioning of the service as a necessity to uh necessity for providing a lifeline to the business services so in public i mean sorry in sectors like uh agriculture and food there are massive losses of products in the process of transportation and storage so if the uh what transportation is not effective the roads are not good you know transporting transport situations agricultural production today so all these things they get finished yes what problems that arises in the day-to-day life so transportation is said to be a very important element for what carrying out the business in an effective manner so transportation is effective again entrance of place it totally removes the entrance of place so the goods it has to be transported from one place to another to reach the uh requirements of the customer so customer then quality the transportation quality should be good you know transportation quality quality effective so if not it is very difficult yes agricultural as well as the food items they get perished or spoiled very soon if the transportation is not effective chances just so the next concept is warehousing warehousing so goods they have to be stored once they are produced so as soon as they are produced it cannot be sold to the customers so it's like you have to you can't produce when it is required for future it has been a very important aspect of economic development so the warehouse was initially viewed as a static unit for keeping and storing goods in a scientific and systematic manner so as to maintain their original quality value and as well as usefulness so a model now no goods available in the future you know use more video it has to be a what stored in a scientific manner as well as in the systematic manner so you can't store the goods uh in that particular way in which you are looking into is so there is a particular rule there is a particular manner there is a particular manner on the particular manner there so our minor language so a systematic with the scientific manner obviously we can maintain the goods but that same original quality as well as the value and usefulness usefulness which is very important so the typical warehouse received merchandise by rail truck or bullet cart is the typical warehouse received morgan dies by rail track warehouses so items were moved manually the items were moved manually so out items in material manual again material the items were moved manually uh to a storage within the warehouse and hand piled in stacks on the floor yes the items were moved manually to the storage so in stocks so the items were moved manually to a storage within the warehouse within the warehouse and hand piled in stacks on the floor and hand piled in stacks on the floor and piled in stacks on the floor so they are used by manufacturers importers exporters wholesalers transport business customs etc in india yes they are used by manufacturers of whales warehousing and airlines manufacturer manufacturer or importer or exporter warehouses i mean so wholesalers transport business organizations as well as customs yes so these people use warehousing in india so in tower method housing on a used market so today's warehouses they have ceased to be the mere storage service providers they have ceased to be the mere storage providers mere storage providers and have really become a logistical service yes they have become a logistical service providers in a cost efficient manner so that is making available the right quantity at the right place today's warehouses they have seized to be mere storage what a service provider so they provide service so they are they have seems to be a mere storage service providers and have really become logistical service providers at a cost efficient planet cost efficient manner so that is making um available the right quantity at the right place in the right time in the right physical form at the right cost of you know goods is necessary there so it has foreign and also the goods should be made available at a right cost yes so they are automated with automatic conv uh conveyors they are automated with automatic conveyors computer operated cranes and forklifts forklift forklifts so they are automated with automatic conveyors they are automated with automatic conveyor so computer operated cranes and forklifts for moving goods and also usage of logistics usage of logistics so cranes and forklifts for moving goods and also usage of logistics automation softwares for warehouse management for warehouse management so you have lots of facilities nowadays so as the technology has improved as a technology has improved there is a huge amount of automation so they are using our different kinds of equipment or machines in order to carry out their activities so the goods are moved from one place to another with the help of cranes as well as forklifts yes and also the the uh usage of logistics automation softwares are being used by the uh what warehousing company so that there will be proper automation and also the warehousing management will also be done in a proper manner the next concept is types of warehouses types of warehouses so there are different types of warehouses so what are the different types of warehouses warehouses which are the different types of warehouses so first one is private warehouse private warehouse so private warehouses so they are totally operated owned and released by the company handling their own goods such as retail chain stores or multi-brand multi-product companies all these things so they are owned and leased i mean sorry they are operated owned or sometimes leased by a company which is leased by a company handling their own goods this operated owned or leased by the company handling their own goods so our goods so all these are like they will have their own go downs most of the time they will have their own goat and so only in some cases what they do is like they will take the goods i mean so they will award uh take the warehouse only from the other people so it's like private warehouse they are operated owned or leased by the company handling their own goods handling their own goods such as retail chain stores retail chain stores or multiple brand multi product companies multiple brand multi product companies so as a general rule and as a general rule as a general rule an efficient warehouse is planned around a material handling system in order to encourage maximum efficiency of product movement which as a general rule and efficient warehouse is planned around a material handling system so in order to increase maximum efficiency of product movement encourage maximum efficiency of product movement so the benefit of this private uh warehousing it includes control flexibility and other benefits like improved dealer the relationship it's like there is flexibility right because it is controlled or it is operated by the owners of that particular ward warehouses own our it gets reduced to a greatest extender problems get reduced to a greatest extent you know again problem with it there so the second one is public warehouses public warehouses so public warehouses they can be used for storage of goods by traders or manufacturers or any members of the public after the payment of storage fee private warehouse buildings it's like any person can store the goods yes so usually a warehouse whereas or the goods are stored by the traders or manufacturers or any other member of the public yes so anyone can store the goods in public warehouse by uh paying a certain amount of fees called storage fees so certain amount of storage fees or goods so they totally store the goods after paying a certain amount of fees okay so that the government regulations and operations of these warehouses uh i mean uh by i mean the government what it does is it regulates the operation of these warehouses by issuing license license yes government it totally regulates the operation of these kind of warehouses by issuing license for them to private parties so in what the government so here it's like the owner of the warehouse stands as an agent of the owner the owner of the warehouse stands as an agent of the owner of the goods and is expected to take appropriate care of the owner of the warehouse he stands as an agent of the owner of the goods he stands as the agent of the owner of the coach yes okay and is expected to take appropriate care of the goods which is stored in the warehouse so in goods on the warehouse in a warehouse only store he will be held responsible for the goods so these warehouses they provide other facilities also these houses they provide other facilities also so the other facilities like they provide other facilities like transportation by rail line road transportation by rail and road warehouse they provide other facilities like transportation by rail iron road so they are responsible for the safety of the goods they are responsible for the safety of goods so these warehouses they provide other facilities like transportation by rail iron road transportation by rail android so they are responsible for the safety of the goods they are responsible for the safety of the goods or you know um okay so the other benefits the other benefits the other benefits they include flexibility uh in the number of locations the other benefits include flexibility in the number of locations no fixed cost and capability of offering value added services okay so the other benefits it includes flexibility in the number of locations no fixed cost and capability of offering value added services like packaging and labeling so it's like only flexibility and you know packaging and labeling fixed costs so there will be no fixed cost on the packaging and labeling charges so again practice packaging with the labeling charges fixed costs fixed costs okay so the third one is bonded warehouse bonded warehouse so bonded warehouse so they are licensed by the government they are licensed by the government to accept imported goods prior to the payment of tax and custom duty bonded warehouse are licensed by the government to accept imported goods licensed by the government to accept imported goods prior to payment of taxes and customs duty so these goods they are goods which are imported from other countries okay so it's like bonded warehouse they are licensed by the government to accept imported goods they are licensed by the government to accept imported goods prior to the payment of tax so tax payments are not bonded warehouse yes the goods which are imported goes directly to the bonded waiters so after paying the tax it will be water released okay so these are goods which are imported from other country so importers are not permitted to remove goods from the docks or airport till custom duty is paid this i mean importers are not permitted to remove goods from the docks or the airport till and so when importers are not in a position to pay the duty in full importers are not in a position to pay the duty in full what they can do is like um they they can uh keep the goods there and they can collect the goods later so it's like importers when they are not in a position to pay the duty in full or does not require all the goods immediately and what they can do is like the goods are kept in boarded warehouses by the customs authority the goods are kept by the i mean by the customs authority in the bonded warehouses so all custom duty is paid all the custom duty is paid so these goods are said to be in the bond yes these goods are said to be in the bond so these warehouses are facilities for branding packaging grading and blending they have facilities for branding packaging grading and blending so importers may bring their buyers for inspection of goods importers may bring their buyers for inspection of goods and repackage yes so according to their requirements what they can do is like they can pack or grade or blend the goods accordingly so these warehouses have facilities of branding packaging grading and blending so importers they have can bring their buyers to for inspection inspection of goods and repackage yes according to their requirement according to their requirement so the goods it can be removed in part as and when required by the importer so importers so the goods can be removed in part as and when required by the importers and buyers and the import duty can be paid in installments so the fourth one is government warehouses government warehouses so these warehouses are fully owned and managed by the government they are fully owned and managed by the government so the government manages them through organization set up in the public sector the government manages so these warehouses are fully owned and managed by the government so the government it manages them through organization set up in the public sector so food corporation state trading corporations both the central where warehousing corporations are border so all these come under government warehouses so they are totally owned and managed by the government yes they are totally owned and managed by the government the fifth one is cooperative warehouses so uh when it comes to cooperative warehouses some marketing cooperatives are societies some marketing cooperative societies or agricultural cooperative societies they have set up their own warehouses for members of the cooperative society so cooperative societies it will have its own warehouses for future purposes so particularly when it comes to marketing as well as the agriculture cooperative society it's like it is carried or it is set up by the um in cooperative society so particularly they should have warehouse when it comes to these two kind of award cooperative societies the last concept is functions of warehousing so under functions of warehousing the first one is consolidation consolidation so when it comes to consolidation so in this function the warehouse warehouse receives and consolidates materials or goods from different products i mean production plans and dispatches the same to a particular customer on a single transportation system correct iq school a so what a warehouse is it receives and consolidates material or material martha so that is how what happens in consolidation so the second one is break the bulk break the bulk so the warehouse performs the function of dividing the bulk quantity of goods the warehouse performs the functions of dividing the bulk quantity of goods received from the small production what plans into smaller quantity so these smaller quantities are then transported according to the requirement of the claims to their places so in consolidation today opposite breakthrough so warehouse what it does is it what purchases the goods on bulk quantity okay and those goods are then converted into smaller quantities and it is provided to the customers or claims according to their requirement to their particular places the third one is stockpiling so under stockpiling what happens is like the goods or raw materials which are not required immediately for sale or manufacturing are stored in warehouse the goods or raw materials which are not required immediately for sale or manufacturing are stored in warehouses so they are made available to business depending on customers they are made available to business depending on customers demand so customers demanded so they are made available to business depending on the customer's demand so agricultural products which are harvested at specific times with subsequent consumptions throughout the year also need to be stored and released a lot for stopping in the store the fourth one is value added services value added services so certain value added services are also provided by the warehouses certain value added services are also provided by the warehouse so such as uh transit mixing or packaging and labeling so internal transit mixing your both packaging and labeling it will so all these are value-added service so goods sometimes need to be opened and re-packed and labeled again at the time of inspection by the prospective buyers so what they do is like they provide value-added services like packaging and labeling or transit mixing or all these things okay so grading according to the quantity and dividing goods uh in small lot is also another function of the warehousing so the next one is price stabilization price stabilization so by adjusting the supply of goods with the demand situation so demand number goods are not demand with the supply and a balanced market yes so warehousing performs the function of stabilizing prices it performs this function of stabilizing prices okay so these prices are controlled when supply is increasing these prices are controlled when supply is increasing and demand is slack and vice versa these prices are controlled when supply increasing and demand is lag so demands like either supply supply just yaga in the situation price stabilization the last one is financing so warehousing it provides advanced money to the owners on security of goods goods on the security target financing provide matter and also further supply of goods on credit terms to customers so customers who could imagine goods and credit terms only provide market so one thing is like they uh provide advanced money to the owners of the goods okay on by keeping the goods as security and the other one is like supply of goods to the customers on credit terms so creditor local and material goods on a provide market so this is how the warehousing function so this is all about the business services chapter illegal business services chapter