Lecture -01 Summer Batch (Demo) - OL/IG O/N '26 & M/J '27 Live Class Introduction to chemistry

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[00:00:02]How's everybody doing? How are the spirits guys? Assalamu allayikum. It's me from your DMs. What's up? What's up?

[00:00:10]I promise I will be a great student.

[00:00:12]You're already a great student. You know, every student is already great.

[00:00:16]All of you are brand. I hope everybody's doing well. Oh, the light is just killing me. What's up, guys?

[00:00:25]How's everything going on? How are your papers? New batch, new blood, blue blood, new blood, fresh blood. [snorts] I sound like a Dracula. I swear to God.

[00:00:36][laughter] W Energy. Yeah. What's up, guys? How's life? Life is good. Life has been good.

[00:00:43]It's been going good.

[00:00:46]Sir G a star guarantee.

[00:00:50]No. Sure. For sure. Obviously. Sir Dut, please. What do you mean D? I'm not a Dracula. on. How's everybody? Ah, I love this. I love it. I'm going to open the everyone chat, but if it gets very spammy, I'm going to close it then. But um yes, I love I love the new batch.

[00:01:09]Every single obviously I don't know you guys, but still. Yeah, I know. The new batch is always fun. New students, new lingo.

[00:01:18]Yeah, new students, new lingo. Mingo, jingo.

[00:01:23]I'm going to open the I'm going to close the everyone chat and just open the every the the cohorts and hosts. So nice headphones. Oh, thank you. Thank you.

[00:01:33]Sir, I want a distinction. Okay, Mr. Raj Puth. Okay. How long will it take to complete the syllabus? iPhone, I'm going to answer all your queries. Okay, don't worry about it. We'll answer everything.

[00:01:46]We'll answer everything. Let's take a let's let's take a chill pill. Yeah.

[00:01:54]Sir, your background is awesome. I know it is. I know it is.

[00:02:00]You are going to remember me. Okay.

[00:02:03]Uhhuh. I hope Aid was good.

[00:02:06]You look cool. I was born cool. Okay.

[00:02:10]So, hi everybody. Now, obviously, you guys can't chat a lot in this particular class because it's just an introduction to who we are, what we do, and what we've been doing over the past so many years. I'm going to close the everyone chat now. Um, you know, and it's going to be a rough idea for you guys what you're getting yourself into. Yeah, you're getting in yourself involved with some uh Dumbo jumbos.

[00:02:33][laughter] No, I'm just joking. Um, but yeah, you know who are we? We are the Fantastic Four. You know, there's also Mars, but obviously this picture, I've been using the same picture for the past god knows how many years now, but there's also Mars with us now. Mars is the computer science teacher. This is me right here.

[00:02:53]If you can't distinguish me, this is me in a lab coat. This is Sir Ali. And this is Sir Abdul Basid. Ali teaches physics.

[00:03:01]Abdul Basit teaches math. And I obviously teach Shamastray. Okay. And there's Mars who teaches computer science. Mars was our was our student.

[00:03:10]He got a distinction in computer science and decided to teach. He's a brilliant teacher as well just like Ali is a brilliant teacher. Sir Abdul Basid is a brilliant teacher. All these guys are you know the goats of their realms. Now um sir Basida Ali and I we three founded conceptuals academy back in 2022 but we've been teaching long before that.

[00:03:29]You know I've been teaching for the past god knows how many years about 8 n years now. You know 8 n years is a long time.

[00:03:35]I was very young when I started teaching. um you know and I'll tell you about myself more but for now I'm just going to give you guys a little introduction. So these are the three geeks who started conceptuals academy and the idea behind conceptuals academy was to help students actually understand the name is pretty self-explanatory concepts right so we wanted to focus more on students concept and wanted to ensure that students their grade is their byproduct all students you know they are going to get A's they're going to get their A stars but they're also going to learn something from conceptuals academy along with those A's and A stars and distinctions Right. So we three started off this good stuff and now we've we've managed to teach about you know we've taught thousands and thousands of students you know thousands and thousands and we are glad that we have you know created at least tried to create a positive impact in the society and you know now alhamdulillah there are so many students who are taking help from our YouTubes who are so so many students taking help from our you know live classes our registered classes you know that's something to be proud of and that's something to be grateful to Allah almighty you know he's given us so much respect among students so much love among students and you know that's that's pretty heartwarming so these are the three founders now obviously my name is Surman Khan I am going to be teaching you guys chemistry and the call comes at a very very inconvenient time but I'll be teaching you guys OLE and IGCSC chemistry I'll be the official instructor for the October November 2026 and the May June 2027 session right now.

[00:05:15]Um, a little background about myself. I did my O levels. I got A stars in my O levels. Sir, how many A stars did you actually have? I I had eight A stars and two A's and then I had A stars in my A levels. And my achievements were I was part of the Pakistan National Chemistry Team. A proud alum of the Pakistan National Chemistry Team did not end up going cuz I was like this, you know, I have better things to do. has also um I've worked at precision medicine lab on oral squammer cell carcinoma back in the day when I was in my youth you know now I've gotten very old and then I've worked in the forensics lab I've written narcotics here but in the national forensics lab um inabad I've worked with meth methamphetamine I've worked with ch I've worked with a lot of drugs you know that's why there's a picture of breaking bad right here [laughter] says also breaking bad for You know, here it says 6 years. I've lost count cuz this particular um you know, this particular um setup is being used by me for the last god knows how many years.

[00:06:17]I've been using the same template for so many. I've not not changed anything.

[00:06:21]I've taught almost 5,000 6,000 7,000 plus students. There are about 25 26,000 students on our Instagram. 10,000 students almost on our YouTube taking help day to on you know on a daily basis from our YouTube from Instagram. That's kind of good. You know, that's something we are proud of. A A stars messages.

[00:06:39]There are distinctions as well. But I don't like to c those distinctions because there's a reason why I don't like to catch distinctions because distinctions students capability. I always say teachers are just a mere guide. You know, it's the students who put in the effort. It's the students who put in the hard work. It's the students who persevere and they end up getting distinctions. Our job as teachers is to help these students right here.

[00:07:04]the Ugraders going to A's and A stars, the D-graders, the E-graders, you know, that's our job. Our job is to help them secure their desired grade and our job is also to help them do what is also to help develop interest in the subject you know and understand concepts. So a couple of things which we are proud of is you know Hanima I can't take your question. Oh my god why you asking questions at this point you know. So a couple of things we are proud of is the fact that there are a lot of success stories we used to post about them back in the day. You can check the conceptuals academy Instagram page.

[00:07:37]There are, you know, real students. It's not fake. You know, a lot of academies they post fake names with no pictures, nothing and say, "Oh my god, so many."

[00:07:46]We don't do that You know, [laughter] we are far beyond that stage. Uh, you know, and alhamdulillah students have put in. So, the reason why I'm saying all of these things is because, you know, you guys should know you are in the right hands. You guys are in safe hands. If you end up studying from us, obviously you'll be good to go inshallah. You know, by profession, I'm in the chartered accountancy profession.

[00:08:08]I work in one of the big four accounting firms, accounting and insurance firm in the world. I work at Price Waterhouse Coopers in Pakistan. It's also known as AF Ferguson. You know, I work in the Islamabad office. And yes, you might be asking sir, if your profession is chart accountancy, why the hell are you teaching chemistry? It's because I love chemistry. That's all, you know, I like to keep my profession and my hobby, you know, different. So chemistry teaching is just my hobby and my profession is the chart accountancy profession. You know I work in finance. I work in auditing and assurance. So a lot of things a lot of things can we have your hand go down cuz you know we're going to talk later on.

[00:08:48]Hadafa talk later on. Today is the day where I talk. [laughter] Today the day where me only talks and you all listen.

[00:08:55]That's why you've got two ears and one tongue because you want to listen with two speak. No, no speaking cuz today is my day guys. It's my day. Muhammad, please can you wait please? I'll give you all a chance to speak. Those who are raising your hands, yeah, I'll give you a chance to speak. Now, that's a little about me. What do I like playing? Well, that's irrelevant. But I like to play chess. I like to play table tennis. As a good football player back in the day, a good soccer player. You know, Americans call it football soccer and Brits call it football. Pakistanis also call it football. We Pakis, you know, Pakistanis. So I'm Pakistanis we call it football and yeah that's pretty much that I'm I'm I just I'm really average in cricket I don't play any volleyball nothing you know so these things I do and you know I've been doing that for a lot of years now and yeah these are some of my I I used to do photography I used to do videography you know and I like teaching kids that's that's one of my hobbies one of my something I like my teaching philosophy The teaching philosophy largely revolves around concepts and I always say grade is the byproduct just like I've reiterated it multiple times throughout my career career or hobby teaching you know grade you are all going to get your desired grade as long as you take the lectures that's all you need just take the lectures do what I'm telling you to do and what all the other teachers are telling you to do you will get that A and A star whatever you're aiming for right but your main focus should be on grasping the concepts, understanding the concepts. Once you do that, yeah, everything is going to sort out on its own. And that's why we always say you ask why, you learn. The more you ask me, sir, why is this happening? How is this happening? How can I, you know, how can I verify this? Why did this reaction take place? How did this all of these things are going to actually help you become a good mini scientist? These are all the things you all need to focus on is the fact that you all need to first ask yourself why reaction.

[00:11:02]If you are teaching us states of matter, why something solid? Why something liquid? Why something gas? All of these things should come to your brain and you should ask yourself those wise. That's why the moto of our academy is you ask why, you learn. And then the last thing which students love the most, there's no homework from my side. My only only advice is to take my obviously it doesn't make sense for me to give you homework. You know you go to school you get homework. You go toademies you get homework.

[00:11:33]A kid cannot sit all day long and do homework from school and do homework from academy and then do you know a kid is not he's just going to be overburdened with all of these things.

[00:11:41]So I give no homework. You know I at least don't give any homework. Whatever the homework that you get is whatever I do in class you have to do it once at home or you have to revise it at home.

[00:11:53]you know once you get off from the class you revise it in the morning with your friends you realize oh I learned this something you know I learned something new don't try to gatekeep us there's a lot of this is a huge problem with students they try to gatekeep us all our students even before you guys they used to gatekeep us they not they not used to tell your their friends about us because they were worried yeah the threshold is going to get high trust me telling your friend is not going to increase the threshold you know you have to be selfless if you help others out your all tala will help you out right so don't gatekeep us That's one request from my side you know and the more you help others out the more you create a positive impact in the society and the more you know Allah tala is going to help out help you out right classroom expectations what should you be your expectations from me what should your expectations be from me well there's going to be full coverage full syllabus coverage in how many months in 4 months so we've said June July August 30th September the entire course is going to be complete not one more day after the 30th of September so we're going to complete complete the entire syllabus within 4 months all our within four months all our teachers are going to do that you know it's a very quick-paced syllabus and inshallah even if you don't know the ABC of any subject you're going to understand it this is my promise at least for chemistry it's my promise if you don't even know what an electron a proton and a neutron is I will make sure you know it by the end of four months okay so that's something you should trust us with I've already shared my credentials with you you know so you should know you are in good hands once again you're going to have topic-wise practice with us. You know, I have these topic-wise questions, this topic wise booklet which is available for students.

[00:13:29]You know, once the classes actually commence, we're going to have topic wise practice, topic wise questions, chem checks which I call rests. So, after a particular topic, we do rests which are my own madeup questions and they always come in the exam all the time. So, that's one thing. And there's going to be WhatsApp groups made for registered students. So those who end up registering after these sessions these three days you know you'll get enough time and I beg of you try every single teacher because you will know what will different what actually differentiates us from the market. That's the reason why we always keep these three days open is to tell students to see for themselves who they can prefer who they you know are better synchronizing with who is better at teaching concepts who is better than so you will decide for yourself. We're not going to bound you by telling you, oh, do the payments right now or and this and that. No, you take your sweet time. There are three days. You enjoy these three days. Take other demos as well. And obviously, we don't need to give demos because we've already have a lot of material on our YouTube or our Instagram. But the reason why we do that is because when Olevel students come and appear for um the science subjects, they're very new, you know, they they don't know a lot of things. The students are very you know pampered with when when giving Pakistan studies Islamu they don't know much knowledge about they don't have much knowledge about which teachers to select what to do what not to do that's the reason why we keep these couple of days open for students to actually visualize and see for themselves who would who they would want to go with in the next future inshallahesciencees >> [laughter] >> you know that's something I can bet on inshallah. Now WhatsApp group supports will be there obviously 24/7 I am active all the teachers are active in their respective groups for um for um you know to answer your queries with regard to the classes that have been commenced or anything always all of us are all active all the time in our respective registered WhatsApp groups now Friday Saturday Sunday will be off the classes are going to be from Monday to Thursday but I have one more thing here I'm sorry but one more thing is that in my class at least Monday to Thursday are official classes. Friday, Saturday, Sunday might be practice sessions from my side. Then you know usually they'll be off. Usually Friday, Saturday, Sunday will be off.

[00:15:52]But maybe at times I may take extra class with you on a Friday, on a Saturday or a Sunday. Maybe you know we watch a movie on Saturday and Sunday.

[00:16:01]That's also possible later on you know.

[00:16:04]So there are a lot of things which we can do on Friday, Saturday, Sunday. If you guys have other plans obviously janua tona that's up to you. Although I always say mo but if you have other plans better plans you can cater to that. If not we can have a chill session on Friday or Saturday s on the weekend we can do a lot of things even practice you know that's one all the classes will be recorded all our classes all our live classes are actually recorded the classes that we teach in the live cl in the live session they are recorded and uploaded onto portals and you all will get those who registered they will get access to their own personalized portal in which if you miss a class the recording is uploaded within 24 hours 48 hours or maybe in the same A there it's uploaded there. If you miss any class unlike the livemies which you go to the physicalmies if you miss a class here you can always revise it and rewatch it later on. Okay that's one added benefit.

[00:16:59]And the second added benefit compared to a physical class is that petrol is has skyrocketed guys. The petrol has skyrocketed. I am pretty sure even if you are millionaires and billionaires and multi-billionaire cash flow affects a lot of kids a lot of parents even if they are multi-millionaires and billionaires you know paying for petrol just is a pain in the bum nobody likes paying for petrol even if you're very rich you know so that's one more added benefit okay then essentials for the class what do you need to have for the chemistry please take screenshots of these things I'll also share this PDF with you later on after this session But what do you need to have for the live class? You need to have the periodic table printed. Once you register, you'll get the PDF. You can even download it.

[00:17:46]Don't just download any periodic table.

[00:17:48]Download the periodic table given in your past papers or print the periodic table in one of your past paper or if you don't know how to navigate your way of past papers, don't worry. We will share the periodic table in the group chat. Okay? So, you download the periodic table. You print it for yourself. The periodic table is going to be your best friend through O levels, through A levels. So you need to have a print of periodic table by your side.

[00:18:08]You need to have a scientific calculator. I have been using this calculator from since since O levels. I think this is my calculator. Obviously there are better calculators nowadays but this I've been using since been I am a cheap ass I know but I've been using this for the last 10 12 years now and you need to have zoom downloaded.

[00:18:26]Obviously that's without you know without saying it. You all have zoom downloaded cuz you guys are sitting here in the class or all lectures are yeah this is the most crucial point of the entire session. This is the most crucial point. If you end up missing a class guys if you end up missing a class please do not sit in the next class before you've watched the previous class because everything at least for chemistry everything is connected. So I teach chemistry like a story which it is. It's a story. And because it's a story, every single lecture is connected to the next lecture. So if you miss out on a lecture, don't sit in the live class until and unless you've covered your previous missed class. If you do that, it's up to you. If you like to do that, it's on you. It's your choice.

[00:19:14]But no, I'm joking. Please don't do that. Don't do that. But yeah, and then you fall in love with chemistry. You know, that's something. How can you communicate with me? The WhatsApp support is always online. I'm also active a lot of the times on WhatsApp.

[00:19:27]Q&As's if you have other questions, you know, personal questions which you need to ask me, you know, regarding your future, regarding what subjects to choose, whatever. Although it's pretty uh, you know, it's it's very in its early stage. It's an uncooked idea of thinking of what subjects to choose in A levels. It's a premature thought. But um if you have other personalized you know uh if you think of businesses and you want my help cuz you know I'm a I'm the finance dude I can help you with those things I can you know I help my students all my students I'm always there for you guys no matter what okay you just have to wait for your turn cuz I have you know about even now I have about 2,000 3,000 messages on my WhatsApp and I try to answer all those quiz but you have to just wait a little for me to get back to you.

[00:20:12]Then um you can DM me only for personal advice. That's really cool. I added the only for in this particular PDF and the reason for that is students start messaging me their queries. Well, the group is there. You know, if you end up registering, talk in the register. If you have any question relating to the subject or the syllabus or any past paper, you ask it in the group. Please don't DM me cuz the thing that happens is if you ask it in the group, a lot of all the other students are also going to get the benefit of it. Maybe you had the courage to speak up, not all the other guys. So when you spoke up, I answered your query and all the other guys and girls also got the benefit of it. So that's one thing to keep in mind. Then you can contact me on this number and for registrations, you can contact Miss Na. That's her number right here and she can get you all registered. Okay. Then the ORL and the IGCSC syllabus. I I love this PDF. You know, AI is going places.

[00:21:08]The O level IGCSC syllabus looks something like this. There's 0620 syllabus which is the IGCS for the IGCSC students right the syllabus is largely the same. The O level and IGCC syllabus is the same just the codes are different and some time duration is different.

[00:21:22]This is for the IGCSE student where you will have four papers and out of the four you have to just appear in three.

[00:21:30]Paper two is multiple choice. It contains 30% weightage. It's a 45minut paper and has 40 marks. Paper four is the theory paper for IGCSC students.

[00:21:41]It's the 0620 syllabus. It's 50%. So you realize that paper four which is the theory paper, it has the maximum weightage and because it has the maximum weightage, you need to have your concepts crystal clear for paper 4 and then for MCQs obviously and then it's either paper five or paper six. Paper five is the practical exam which is not offered in Pakistan. So in Pakistan you don't see paper five quite often, right?

[00:22:04]because you don't have apparatus as a country. We are a very quote unquote poor country, a developing country, a developing nation. So we don't really offer paper fives in O levels. In A levels we offer the practical exam but in O levels we offer the alternative to practical. A lot of student schools do that which is just for 1 hour and that contains 20% weightage. So out of the the three papers that you are going to give MCQ theory and ATP you're going to focus mostly on the theory and MCQ and ATP. Obviously I will focus on everything but this has the maximum weightage then MCQs then your ATP that's the coverage. Now you will also find you know that in your 0620 you will see a uh you know one of the parts say core IGCSC core. Please realize that IGCSC core is not for you guys. You all will going are going to appear in the paper 2s and paper fours and paper six. Right? So O level the IGCSC students will appear for paper two in multiple choice, paper four in theory and paper six in ATP. Why not core? Cuz core is for special students.

[00:23:08]So if you are a special student, uh you know if you have special needs, it's the core syllabus is designed for those students. And you know there's nothing to laugh about guys. This is actually serious. If you know there's dyslexia, there's learning problems, you know yourself, your parents know you. But the maximum grade you can get in core is a C-grade. Okay. So, IGCSC core is not for you guys. IGCS core is mostly for students with special needs. Yes, if you cover the extended version or you are automatically covering all of this part as well. So, we're going to study extended but this part is part of extended as well. Okay. So, there are a lot of things for you know for you guys but for those who are going to give core IGCSE core that means you know you are going to give paper one and you're going to give paper three for theory. you are not but if you're going to give the extended version please do not solve any paper 1 MCQs and any paper 3 MCQs as an IGCSE student solve paper twos paper fours and paper six not one three okay 13 is not for you guys so you should know this as an IGCSA student okay you can take a picture I'm going to put across this is for special students for let me just use a darker color for special students for special and if you are a special student then after you learn from me. You start solving these papers, not these papers, cuz these guys are way easier compared to these guys.

[00:24:31]Okay. Next, the 5070 syllabus, which is the OLE syllabus. Now, I teach both OLEGC as a single class because the syllabus is now largely the same. It's the exact same thing. But the reason why I'm showing you guys the different variants is because you'll realize that in the OLE syllabus, you have paper 1 2 3 4. Okay? There's no paper six, no nothing. It's just 1 2 3 4 and paper one is the MCQ for Ole students right so you will see in our even in our registered group there'll be students saying sir paper two MCQ so you realize yeah that student is an IGCSE student if he says paper one MCQ that means that student is then is an O level student okay so Ole instead of the 45minut duration OLE MCQs are generally lengthy so the time limit for it is not 45 minutes it's one hour you know and the marks are the same the weightage is the The theory paper is the same P2. The theory paper in IGCSE was P4 right here. But in O level it's called P2. The MCQ paper was P2 in IGCSE and in O level it is P1. And then P3 is the practical exam which was P5 in IGCSE. You just need to know your own syllabus, right? You don't need to know all of this. But the P5 right here, this was the practical in IG and this is the practical in or else which you're not going to do. We are going to do paper four which is the ATP. Now I do all of these things. I do the IGCAC questions, the O level questions. Everything everything and anything is going to be covered in your 4 month session. Don't worry about that. Okay. Then all the topic wise questions you know for your practice. Then this is the the summary for it. MCQs are 1 hour 40 minutes the same weightage uh 1 hour 40 marks the same weightage. Theory the same marks the same weightage just the time limit for the theory exam is more. The IGCSC theory exam is what? It is 1 hour and 15 minutes. Sorry, here it's 1 hour and 15 minutes, but the Ole paper is 1 hour 45 minutes because it generally has more calculations. It's lengthy. It has more questions, more calcul, but the marks are the same. The weightage is the same, right? And then yeah, that's pretty much it. That's pretty much all about me.

[00:26:37]That's pretty much all about me. If you guys have some questions regarding the syllabus, you can ask me or anything regarding our class, our workshop, anything. not a workshop but our class our session you can raise your hands and I'll give you a chance to speak because I have 30 minutes and I also have to teach something and I like to teach just a just a general idea of what chemistry is how about we do that so now because I'm going to start teaching so I'm going to shut my face because it's very important for me to shut my face before I teach or else you guys will just keep on looking at me handsome I'm joking go mama you can ask your question let Let me pause the recording first. Yeah. So has asked a question about the October November students, right? What should the October November students do and would they be prepared? They have promised and we all have promised that we'll cover the entire syllabus within the 4 month time period. Now you check your syllabus and you check for yourself 4 month time period m is it too neck to neck and if it is too neck to neck you can always revert to recording. So instead of taking a live class if you want to you know this session is mostly for students who are who want to complete the course in 4 months when this when the exam se when the school season starts you're already done with almost everything you know you know everything your tiptop titch tally everything is good to go and October November if you think it's going to be too neck to neck for you then my advice to you would be okay go for the recordings don't if you if you are a slow learner or if you like to learning live then you can stick with the live sessions it'll take 4 months to complete and I'll cover everything in a lot of detail don't worry about that but what you need to think for yourself is yeah should I just stick for these four month live classes even if it's neck to neck but if you are a student who can learn on their own and who are good very good just go for my recordings take the previous sessions recordings watch them finish it off and and just take the past paper the yearly past paper portal and just you know devour everything that's something I would recommend. So it's up to you. You either want to, you know, cover it live with me in 4 months or you can just go onto the recordings, purchase the portal and go for it. Yeah. So these are two ways you can go about the October November session.

[00:28:58]Hey guys, so I've answered quite a few questions, but now I also want to talk a little about chemistry because you guys are obviously here for demos. Now please keep in mind that this is the actual class. It's not just the demos. I'm going to continue from the fourth class after I teach these three classes. The fourth class is going to be a continuation of these three classes. So whether you are a registered student or you're not a registered student or you're about to register, your copies and pens should be with you. And I'm just going to for now today's class, I'm going to mainly talk about just a little about what chemistry is all about.

[00:29:29]Right? So we're going to talk about you know chemistry in a very broader perspective and then from tomorrow and day after tomorrow we're going to start going towards the more syllabus and exam focused approach. Right? Today I just want to give you guys a tinge of what chemistry really is. I want to tease you guys a little right those who have your hands raised please guys I'm going to answer all your questions in the WhatsApp DMs or in tomorrow's class. So have your copies have your pencils.

[00:29:55]Let's just talk a little about chemistry. Okay just a little about chemistry. it's not part of your course.

[00:29:59]Whatever I'm going to teach today is not part of your course, but it'll be connected to things which are part of your course. So, this is going to help you all a lot, you know. So, let's talk.

[00:30:08]Now, I want to start off today's class with an introduction to chemistry. Just a fun little discussion to kind of get the hang of what chemistry is really all about and to get an idea of the bigger picture. You know, what is the bigger picture? Basically broadly speaking your chemistry revolves around the concept of something that is called the atom. So the entire chemistry revolves around the beautiful concept of an atom. Now what exactly is an atom?

[00:30:42]Pura kapura subject is based on the atom. What exactly is the atom? You must have studied about the atom in grade three, grade four, grade five, grade six. And you must have studied what an atom is. But if you don't recall it, it's absolutely a okay. I'll tell you what an atom is. It's the basic unit of matter.

[00:31:06]It's what? It's the basic unit of matter. You must have heard a lot of definitions. Even this definition is not right in its entirety. You'll learn more about this in the upcoming chapters. But for now, just to recall your elementary classes, an atom is the basic unit of matter. Basic unit means it's the teeny teeny teeny teeny tiniest unit of matter. It's the teeny teeny tiniest particle which makes up matter. I know you might have some questions. You'll learn you'll learn more about those in the upcoming classes. But for now, just stick to what I am saying. What I am saying is the truth and the absolute truth. It's the basic unit of matter.

[00:31:40]Now, what what do you mean sir? It's the basic unit of matter. How can you understand an atom? You are saying sir it's the basic unit of matter. Well, in order to understand an atom, you first of all need to use your brain and understand what matter is. You know, if you understand what matter is, you're going to understand what an atom is. Cuz I'm saying an atom is the basic unit of matter. It's the smallest particle which makes up matter. Matter matter is it the matter?

[00:32:09]It's not that matter. What is matter?

[00:32:11]Matter is anything which has a mass and occupies space or volume. What does that mean sir? That means if you look at the mobile phone or the laptop that you are taking this class on, look at the laptop and the mobile phone that you're taking this class on. What is it? Does it have a mass? Absolutely it does. It it weighs something, doesn't it? The mobile phone, the cup, the table, the chair, the charger, the calculator, the book, the coffee, the pencil. All of these things have what? They all have mass. And do they occupy a certain volume? Do they occupy a certain space?

[00:32:50]The answer to that is absolutely yes. If you look at the mobile phone, it has a mass and it occupies a certain space. It does. So, can I call it matter?

[00:33:01]Absolutely, I can call it matter. the mobile phone, the iPad, the charger, you know, the bed, the copy, the pencil, all of these things, all of the things that you can see around you, they all have a certain mass. And they all occupy a certain volume, don't they? So, can I call them matter? Absolutely. Cuz matter must have these two qualities. It must have mass and it must occupy a volume.

[00:33:25]And what is an atom? The atom is the teeny teeny teeny tiniest particle which will make the up matter. And matter is what? the mobile phone, the iPad, the charger, the pencil. You guys look at yourselves. Look at yourselves. Do you guys have a certain mass? Absolutely.

[00:33:40]Some of you guys may be obese, you know, fatu fatu. Sorry, I'm don't cancel me, please. I'm not body shaming. But some of you guys may have a fatu fatu. Some of you guys may be teeny tiny like me.

[00:33:51]But we all have mass, don't we? And we all occupy a certain volume. We all occupy a certain space. you know, lumb they occupy a greater space. Some will occupy more space, some will occupy less space. But at the end of the day, we all are occupying space. We all have a certain mass. So, can I say that we all are matter? Absolutely. Basically, scientists were very lazy. Scientists like Sir Sulman, they were very lazy.

[00:34:19]They did not want to call a table a table a chair a chair an apple an apple a mobile phone a mobile phone. They said what is a general term that we can use for all of these? And they said oh the general term is matter. [snorts] So anything that has a mass you know you look around you look at the look at the uh you know the walls around you they all have mass they all have space they all occupy some space some volume. Are they matter? Yes. And what is the smallest unit of matter? What is the basic unit of matter? It's the atom. So now you understand the idea of an atom.

[00:34:51]The basic idea obviously you'll you'll differentiate from this idea later on but for now in your KG classes in your grade ones and twos you've learned this idea atom is the smallest particle which will make up matter but what exactly is matter? Anything which has a mass and occupies space. My question to you guys is is air I'm going to open the everyone chat. You all can chat there. My question to you guys is is air matter?

[00:35:16]Is air matter? Air matter? Yes. No. Why?

[00:35:19]What are the two reasons why you are saying air is matter? What are the two reasons? The two reasons. Give me two reasons. Why is air matter? Please use the everyone chat. You know everybody, you know, please use the correct terms for it. Air is matter is because it has it occupies a volume. Absolutely it does. And it also has a mass. So, but I can't weigh its mass. Yes, you can. You can weigh its mass. Do you know how you know how you can occupy how you can weigh its mass? You you can liquefy air.

[00:35:49]So if you are ever going on a motorway, just take your hand out. Just take your hand out of the of the window. You'll realize a gush of wind, you know, which you'll feel on your hand. It's because it has a certain mass. That's why, isn't it? Now the child goes too close. Right?

[00:36:07]So air is in fact matter. Why? Because it has a mass and occupies space. And what is the teeny teeny tiniest particle which will make up air? It is the atom.

[00:36:16]So atom is the smallest particle which makes matter. But for what about proton then you'll learn more about that later on. For now just trust me when I say atom is the basic unit of matter. It's also called the building block of matter. Just like in biology you say cell is the building block of life. But the building block of cell building block it's the atom. Anything and anything around you, anything and everything around you, the building block for that is atom. And what is atom? Is the smallest particle which would make up everything and anything.

[00:36:49]Isn't it? You know, that's why they say don't trust atoms because they literally make up everything. [laughter] You know, Facebook jokes.

[00:37:00]Don't trust atoms because they make up everything. [laughter] That's something. Now my question to you guys is sir what is not matter? What is not matter?

[00:37:11]If you're saying everything and anything is matter, what does not matter? Can you guys can you give me some example?

[00:37:16]Absolutely I can. I can give you an example of what is not matter. Happiness is happiness matter.

[00:37:24]I don't know how to spell happiness. Is anger matter?

[00:37:28]Is you know is is is uh maybe sadness is this matter? Can I call happiness, anger, sadness matter? The answer to that is no. Why? You might say sir, but in my brain it occupies a space. In my brain, it occupies such a huge space in my brain. I can't think properly. When I fight with my, you know, when I fight with my mom or with my dad or with my Janu Manu, Shona, you know, I can't feel anything. It's all in my brain. I can't think anything. And you know but for for something to be matter it's not just KR is going to occupy a volume in your brain or some space in your brain. It must also have a mass. Does anger have a mass? Does happiness have a mass? Does sadness have a mass? And the answer to that is no. Something is matter if it has both the qualities mass and can I say I'm 2 kg happy today? Can I say I'm 5 kg happy tomorrow? I am 3 kg sad. I can't I can't it it cannot be quantified can it? So I'm going to say these guys are not matter. So what is the so your thoughts aren't made up of atoms please? They're just thoughts.

[00:38:38]They are abstracts. They're feelings.

[00:38:40]Right? So if I recap things to you I said okay effectively an atom is what?

[00:38:47]An atom is the basic the smallest particle or the basic unit of matter for now. Obviously. And what is matter?

[00:38:57]Matter is you guys. Anything which has a mass, it must have both these things and occupies space. Why is table matter?

[00:39:05]Because it has a mass and occupies space. Why is chair matter? Because it has a mass and occupy space. Why is iPhone matter? You know, because it has a mass and occupy space. Okay. So, this is a rough idea of what an atom is, right? And what matter is. And you'll learn more about matter in physics.

[00:39:24]Nobody caresry.

[00:39:27]But you know what marvels me the most?

[00:39:29]Your entire subject revolves around the concept of an atom. Your entire subject revolves around the concept of an atom.

[00:39:36]Sarabas is also here. I'm going to give the mic to Sarabas in a moment. But before I do, I want to just finish this.

[00:39:41]Sarabas the physics teacher, the physics guru, right? But what marvels me the most as I was saying is the fact that you guys think to yourselves for a moment how beautifully Allah tala has manufactured you. How beautifully the Lord has manufactured all us humans because see one thing to keep in mind is everything and anything is made up of atoms right so our bodies are also made up of what is the smallest particle which will make up our body it's effectively what for now we know it as the atom because we are matter right but think to yourself at the start of time at time equals zero at time equals 0 do you know how many atoms there were at the beginning of our univer universe.

[00:40:26]There were how many atoms were there at the start of your universe? There were zero atoms, no atoms.

[00:40:34]Sir, then where did all these atoms come from?

[00:40:38]Well, there's something known as the big bang, which I'd like to teach tomorrow because I am short on time today, but I'll teach you guys how the atoms were made. And after that, no more atoms were made. Right? So you know something to think about to yourselves is okay in your body alone do you know how many atoms there are in your body you know how many atoms are there in your body does anybody have a rough idea a rough idea of how many atoms there might be in your body there are about 2.14 sexillion atoms in your body a seillion is a one followed by 21 zeros it's effectively a billion trillion in an average human body there are a billion trillion atoms. A billion trillion atoms. A billion trillion billion trillion. That's crazy. 21 zeros is crazy. Crazy. And something to think about is the fact that at the start of time there were zero atoms. How did these gajillion bajillion atoms come into place?

[00:41:43]How were the atoms manufactured? You know fun fact if you started counting the atoms at a rate of a billion atoms per second let's suppose I say you are superman or you have a superpower if I say you guys have a superpower to count 1 billion atoms every second you know let's suppose which is impossible but let's suppose you guys had the power of counting a billion atoms every second a billion atoms billion is one followed by nine zeros 10 raised to the power 9 zeros so if you had the ability to count a billion atoms every second. Do you know do you know something? It would take you far longer than the current age of our universe to count every single atom on the face of your universe. Right? Which is how much? The universe is about 13.7 billion years old.

[00:42:37]So even if you had the ability to count 1 billion atoms every second, it would take you more than 13.7 billion years to count the number of atoms in our universe, which is obviously impossible cuz we live to about 60 70 years 13.7 billion years.

[00:42:56]But it's very strange, guys. Something's very strange. It is the fact that at the beginning of time, how many atoms were there? Again, I'm just I'm just opening your brain to how small you are compared to the entire world to compared to the entire universe. At the start of time, how many atoms were there? Zero. What is the atom? It's the basic unit of matter.

[00:43:18]What is matter? Anything which has mass space. Your body is matter. How many atoms does an average human body has?

[00:43:24]Have 2.14 billion trillion atoms. And even if you can count, if you were able to count a billion atoms every second, it would take you more than 13.7 billion years to count all the atoms in the universe. And still you wouldn't be able to do that. But at the start of time, at the beginning of your universe, there was not a single atom in the entire cosmos. You know what a cosmos is? It's the Greek word for universe. I like to use it cuz it's fancy. The questions should be for you guys for the tomorrow class, tomorrow's class, for the tomorrow class. What should your questions be? Tomorrow I'm going to go full-fledged on this. And obviously, this is not part of O levels and neither is it part of IGCC. But I need these one, two classes to open your brain a little. Your questions should be how did we end up with so many atoms? Where did the first atom come from? How was the first atom made? What exactly happened 13.7 billion years ago which resulted in these many atoms and why just why is everything made up of atoms?

[00:44:29]Why? What happened 13.7 billion years ago is something known as the big bang.

[00:44:36]And what was the big bang? How did the first atom, you know, come into place?

[00:44:42]How was the entire universe made? How were you made? What are some fun facts about the atom? You will learn that in tomorrow's class and inshallah you will enjoy tomorrow's class. Your brain will be opened up to so many new new concepts and new ideas. You'll be many scientists tomorrow. You will know more than your teachers and your friends and everybody.

[00:45:01]So if you enjoyed today's class, a you know you can ask all your other friends to join in tomorrow as well. But they have to watch the first class. The condition is to watch the first class before tomorrow's class. Now I'm going to give the mic to Sarah Bas cuz Sarah Bas is also apparently here. So let me give them