In legal proceedings, witnesses must have personal knowledge of the facts they testify about; statements that are not authored by the witness and for which they lack personal knowledge are considered hearsay and are excluded by evidence rules, as they cannot be verified for truth or falsity through cross-examination.
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Pagpayag ni Presiding Judge Chiz Escudero sa pagbabasa ng isang testimonya, pinuna ng depensa
Added:Uh, considering your honor, the reading of this portion of uh this piece of paper, your honor, we ask for a fourth clarification on the part of the chair that uh the reading of uh this this document, your honor, already creates an impression not just to the minds of uh the senator judges but also the public. They may be misled, your honor, to believing the truth or falsity of these statements. So, in other words, your honor, uh this highly improper for with all due respect, your honor, for this honorable court to allow uh the reading of uh a portion of an affidavit that was not authored by this witness.
He doesn't know, he doesn't have personal knowledge again, and he's not competent to testify as to the truth or falsity of these statements. It is purely hearsay and excluded by the evidence and rules of court, your honor.
>> Um the chair is inclined at this point to already agree with counsel for respondent. Chair will cut short any further identifications of the witness um in regard to this affidavit.
I think you have sufficiently established um counsel >> May I comment, your honor?
>> pattern of violence that you sought to establish and in the investigation of um the NBI regarding the so-called um grave threats that they are investigating.
>> Your >> But the chair will nevertheless remind again the senator judges, as requested by counsel for the respondents, that this is only as to the fact that Lascañas executed a document that they used in their open-source investigation, not as to the truth of what was read. It was only identified for easy identification by the senator judges, subject to that limited understanding.
And then I think counsel um that should be enough for now in so far as establishing your desire, rather to establish so-called pattern of violence.
Kindly move on already to the other grounds for investigation.
>> one last matter of clarification.
>> Well, in that case, your honor, with all due respect again, then it is like we believe certain portions of the statements as read by this witness because we are already mentioning about a pattern. So, in other words, your honor, we give credence, your honor, or value to the statements that were read, which is highly improper, and we would like to object to that, your honor.
>> We did not give credence to it, counsel.
We merely allowed the witness to testify as to the evidence he used and or considered in his investigation, which actually has not yet borne fruit unless he will testify to the contrary later on. As I believe the investigation as of this moment is still ongoing. Um But, let it end at that. Counsel, please move on to another point.
>> honor, but register a continuing >> The continuing objection of counsel for respondent is duly noted and entered into the records.
>> [music]
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