El Presente Progresivo

[00:00:01]¡Hola clase! My name is Leydi Hernandez your  instructor uh and today I'm going to talk about the present progressive. Now the present  progressive is used in English and in Spanish, but the use of the present progressive in  Spanish is a little bit more restricted that in English. Okay so in Spanish it's only used  for ongoing actions okay only for things that are happening at the moment. In English,  you can use the present progressive for um actions that happen for a long period of  time or even for the future, but in Spanish, it's only on the present for for present for  things that are happening at the moment. Okay so it is formed with two verbs with  the present tense of a ESTAR which is yo estoy, tú estás, él está, ella está, nosotros estamos, ustedes  están, ellos ellas están.

[00:01:03]So the present tense of ESTAR plus the present  participle. The present participle ends in -ando, -iendo. Okay, the equivalent  in English is the -ing. Okay, so if in English, you're going  to say: I am studying Spanish, you're going to say: yo estoy estudiando.  Okay, we're going to see uh how to form the present progressive and the Irregulars.  I'm going to share my screen so I can show you. Okay, so in this sentence: Los señores Diaz están hablando con la  empleada del hotel. Están hablando is my present progressive, an action that is happening at the  moment. They are talking with the uh employee of the hotel. Okay, so we have the present tense of  ESTAR, it's están because it's they and my present participle. How do we know that this is a present  participle? because of the ending -ando. Okay, so remember that in Spanish we divide the verbs  in three groups, okay depending on the ending.

[00:02:21]We have the -AR verb, which are the verbs that  ends in -AR like HABLAR. We have the -ER verbs, verbs that end in -ER. and we have the -IR verbs,  verb verbs that ends in -IR. Okay, so to conjugate a verb in the present participle, we need to drop  the ending, just like we do with any other tense, so we have HABLAR, which is to speak, we drop the  ending, we have the stem, which is HABL- and then, we add -ando. Okay -ando, so my present participle  would be hablando, and then we have COMER, which is to eat, COMER is an --ER verb. It ends in -ER,  we drop the ending, we have the stem, com and then we add -iendo, not -ando, -iendo, okay? i e n d o.  So my present participle will be comiendo. Then, we have ESCRIBIR, which is to write, it ends in  -IR, after we drop the ending we have escrib- and then we add -iendo, the same as uh -ER, okay?  so -iendo is for -ER and -IR verbs. So my present participle for ESCRIBIR will be escribiendo.  Okay. They are some uh irregulars, so I'm going to show you right now, so for -ER and -IR verbs,  when we drop the ending, we have a vowel instead of a consonant, we have a vowel, we do not add  -iendo like I mentioned before, -iendo, we do not add -iendo if it ends in a vowel we add -yendo  instead of the I, we add a Y. Okay you see LEER, which is to read, we drop the ending so my stem  is le, my last letter is a vowel, so instead of adding -iendo, I'm going to add -yendo. Okay, so  my present participle will be leyendo. OIR, which is to hear, after we drop the ending we have a  vowel, so we add -yendo, it will be oyendo. TRAER, which is to bring, we drop the ending and we have  a vowel, so we add -yendo, my present participle is trayendo. Okay? and this only happened with -ER  and -IR verbs. If we have an -AR verb and after we drop the ending we have a vowel, we add -ando  like normal like a normal verb. Okay? only um it only happens with -ER or -IR verbs. Now, some of  the irregulars are IR which is to go, PODER, to be able to and VENIR, to come. So the irregulars  uh conjugations are: yendo for IR, for example: estoy yendo a la escuela, I'm going to the store.  I'm going to the school, okay? yendo. PODER is pudiendo, it's not podiendo, it's pudiendo and  VENIR is viniendo. Estoy viniendo del trabajo.

[00:05:49]Now, uh remember the stem changing verbs,  those verbs that when we conjugate them we need to change the vowels uh of the stem, so  if you have an -IR verb with a stem change, it also have a stem change in the  present progressive, for example: PREFERIR, it ends in -IR, it's an -IR  verb, it has a stem change from e to ie, so when we conjugate it in the present progressive  we're gonna say: prefiriendo. Now conseguir, which is to obtain or to get has the a stem change from  e to i, so when we conjugate it in the present progressive we're going to say: consiguiendo,  not conseguiendo, consiguiendo. And then DORMIR, which is to sleep, will be durmiendo because  it has a stem change from o to ue. Okay, so uh we have a stem change um in the  present progressive only for -IR verbs. Okay, so we're going to do some examples, here we have  la profesora, she's going to be the subject, he's gonna, she's going to be doing the actions,  so remember um la profesora, it's ella, she, so what is the present tense of the verb estar for  she? Yo estoy, tú estás, ella está, so ella está, and then she is eating. What is to eat in Spanish?  to eat is COMER, but COMER is not the present participle, COMER is just the infinitive, so we  need to conjugate it, we drop the ending, we have the stem COM-, and we add uh the ending for the  present participle which is, if we go back we're going to see that for -ER verbs the ending is  -iendo. Okay? so ella está comiendo, okay. We're going to do one more, ella está and then she's  dancing, what is to dance in Spanish? it's BAILAR.

[00:08:10]BAILAR, we drop the ending and then what do we add? it's an -AR so we add  -ando. Ella está bailando.

[00:08:22]Just one more. Ella está, and then, she's  reading, what is to read in Spanish? LEER, so we drop the ending and then oh we have  a vowel so we cannot add -iendo, we cannot do that because there are too many vowels  together, so we need to add -yendo. Ella está leyendo. Okay, but what if instead of  ella, it's me doing the action. let's say um studying Spanish. Yo, is not  está because I am doing the action, so what is the conjugation for  yo for ESTAR? estoy. Yo estoy Um I'm starting Spanish, I'm going to say, so  ESTUDIAR, we drop the ending, oh we have a vowel, but guess what? it's an -AR verb, so we don't  have the problem, so we just add -ando like normal ending. Yo estoy estudiando español.  Now, yo estoy estudiando español is the present progressive, it's not the same as yo estudio español. This is the present tense, okay? something that I do uh in my present  tense, this is something that I'm doing right now. Yo estoy estudiando español este semestre.  Okay, something that is happening at the moment, now um what if it's they doing the action? Ellos están estudiando español, they  are studying Spanish. Now, what if it's you all doing the action? Están again, estudiando español. Now, notice that my  present participle, which is estudiando, is the same for all of my subjects, it doesn't  matter that if I am doing the action, if you are doing the action, if they are  doing the action, it's always estudiando.

[00:10:53]The only thing that's changes it's my verb  to be, which is ESTAR. Yo estoy, tú estás, él está, ella está, tú estás, nosotros  estamos, ustedes están y ellos están.

[00:11:08]Okay so my present participle is always the same -ando, -iendo, or -yendo and remember  that the equivalent in English is the -ing.

[00:11:19]Okay? and uh I think that's it. Remember  that in Spanish is more restricted, we only use the present progressive for ongoing  actions, and it is formed with two verbs: the verb ESTAR conjugated in the present tense  and the present participle which is the -ando, iendo or -yendo verb okay so  that's it for today. ¡Nos vemos!