L-3- Pharmacognosy PYQ for Drug Inspector Exam 2026 | General Pharmacognosy- III | All India DI Exam

Added: 2026-05-17

[00:00:47]Yes, very good evening.

[00:00:52]Hello dear students. A very good evening all of you. Welcome back to the special series which is designed for all the de aspirants. Yes, welcome back to another video and another session in the drug inspector PQ series. Okay, I hope you have watched the previous videos that we have done on the farmogy. Now it's the third video right now. It's the okay third video on our right general phcognacy here. So when you look at the syllabus of cocoy we have we can divide the syllabus into two parts. One is theory part and one is drugs part.

[00:01:28]Right. One is theory part another is drugs part. In the theory part mostly we are going to have a lot of questions from general pharmacopy only. That's why we have divided the general form focus into three three sessions or three videos. Okay. And this is the third video. Yeah. Very good afternoon Sony and Priyanu. Thank you so much for your wishes. Okay. Yes. So you know very well that as like the previous videos in this video also you're going to have a 13 MCQs with the detail explanation and also these MCQs are collected and we have prepared this presentation and this 30 series 30 question series from concerning all India drug inspector examinations. Okay we'll be mentioning the reference also. Yes.

[00:02:12]Come on. So the first question today the first question I hope you're ready. If you're ready let me know. I need that jo in you guys because you should be very energetic and enthusiastic. Come on, are you ready? For the students who are watching this session, are you ready? To all the drug inspector aspirants, come on. Even though if you follow these MCQs that might be helpful for your some other examinations like GPA, NIPO, drug inspectors, yes, maybe these questions can help your preparation like any other examinations. Yeah.

[00:02:42]Okay. Fine. Let us start the session.

[00:02:45]Yes. Without any delay, first question of this series. Okay. The general general introduction of part first question come on the plan regulator Ben is an example of this is a question from Tamil Nad 2024 recent question. See they're asking the plan regulator Benjalen is an example of which of the following option Axene B cytoine gillin and come on what is the right answer? I need your responses. I'll be waiting for your responses. Come on dear students, let me know your responses quickly.

[00:03:29]Is it clear with my audio and visuals?

[00:03:32]Yes, I think so. Yes. Okay. So, awesome.

[00:03:36]Benal adenine. Try to remember benzel adenine. See, while you're studying the plant regulators, you should cross check their synthetic one. See in the plant regulators we have two types. One is plant promoters and plant inhibitors.

[00:03:48]Right? In these two also in these two classification also you should know what are the synthetic derivatives or what are the natural hormones and also what is their precursors. Come on what is the right answer?

[00:03:59]I'll tell you. So that is nothing but the right answer will be here cytoinine.

[00:04:04]Cytokinine will be the example of plant regulator which means the benzile adinine. See here it said we can one option because they're asking flag regulator regulator which means not inhibitor which means you can this option and from these three options you're going to find out like how we need to have a specific approach clear yeah okay now the next question come on come on I need your responses like last session okay come on dear students now second question explain the plant tissue culture reinforce to okay 2019 Question from Tamil Nad. Okay. Go with options and let me know the right answer. Option A, tissue used for subculture from the previously culture sense. Okay. And B any part of the plant that is used to establish a new culture and old seed used to initiate the culture. And D the entire plant from which culture material source? Come on. Come on. Come on. See with just listening you're not going to get anything. If you want to learn, keep on interactive and keep on responding to the questions, then only you're going to get that knowledge. See, if you just listen, okay, it's like a story, right?

[00:05:15]But if you interact and if you respond, it will be like a task and it will be like a revision also. Very good. The answer will be any part of the plan that is used, you can say. Yes, that's a very easy thing. See, I used to believe that within the game, you're going to get the answer. If you properly listen the question, if you properly understand the concepts, okay, the answer is within the terms. Okay, I'll show you I'll show you clear itself. See within the term, within the word, you're going to solve the entire questions. Okay, what do you mean by here? Plant, okay, right? Plant tissue culture. What do you mean by that? So from a plant from an old plant if you are taking a if you're collecting a tissue or a cell tissue or a cell and if you are culturing them under considering them under invitro condition in vitro aseptic condition in order to produce a new plant what my point students is this clear see plantation is nothing but see from any part of the plant okay from any part of the plant or maybe okay any part maybe tissue or a cell if you're culture ing under receptive conditions in order to get a new plant, new variety, that could be the plantation culture undirectly option. What is the right option here? What the right option here?

[00:06:31]Yeah, right option will be undirectly option B. Any part of the plant that is used to establish a new culture or new plant, that is a plantish culture.

[00:06:39]That's the meaning of plantish culture.

[00:06:41]Clear? Yeah, that's it. Very good. Very good. Keep on going in that. Now the third question. From catalyst root to can be enhanced by which of the following? Option A, increase the cytoin amount than that of oxin and increase in oxen amount than that of cytoan. Okay.

[00:06:59]And see, adding no harm, no more adding gillings. Clear. Come on. What is the right answer now?

[00:07:07]What is the right answer?

[00:07:09]Come on. Kindly mention Hindu. Very good. Okay.

[00:07:15]So increase the cytoine amount that of the oxin increase the oxin of cytoine.

[00:07:20]What is the right answer? Kindly mention the question number before you answer the question.

[00:07:26]Come on. What will be the right answer?

[00:07:34]Yes. So a very good option B will go with a B. Right? Yes. Yes. Indo will go with K. Okay. But the answer is option B. See here what they're asking about see from the callus they're asking from the callus while we culturing right while we take while we performing plant tissue culture okay undifferiated mass of cell is known as calisite undifferiated mass of cell which means from a single cell a group of undifferiated cells are going to be created see from a single cell undifferiated unifferiated group of cells are going to be created that is callus see the question is from the callus if you want to introduce roots roots. What could be the what could be the plant plant grow? So undoubtedly oxygen initially see plant at initial stages it need oxygen right remember from the seed level okay from the cellular level it needs oxygen than the oxytocin and later on what see what see firstly oxin should know the function of oxygen oxin will promotes the growth of colopile tissue what colopile tissue right so when you when you look at any seedling any seedling right at the edge okay the tip is known as coropile The green color tip is known as colipile.

[00:08:51]Right? So this colipile is promoted by oxin. See if it started like a seedling.

[00:08:56]If it is started like a seedling only then only convert into plant right. So for that reason firstly in the callus see in order to convert into a seedling what it what it should have from a cell to callus to seedling. See in order to get the seedling and to grow the seedling we need a oxin. Clear. And also for further growth. For further growth what it mean cytoin is cyto means cell kinis division. See which means from the seedling to differentiation which means okay from seedling to leaf from seedling to fruit. So this differentiation can be done by the cyto gain but for the primary growth is promoted by the oxin.

[00:09:34]Do remember that's why at initial stages plants need oxen.

[00:09:39]Yeah I hope you understand. Okay. Now the fourth question. Which of the following is employed to prevent the darkening of the explan culture? See darkening or browning in the explan.

[00:09:50]Come on. What is the right answer?

[00:09:54]What is the right answer?

[00:10:00]Question number four. Question number four. Kindly mention your right answer.

[00:10:04]Kindly let me know the answer.

[00:10:22]what is the right answer? Question number yes, pencil is a B. Right? Okay.

[00:10:26]See, dear student, they're asking the read the question, which of the following is an employee to prevent darkening? To prevent darkening. See even sometimes you need to apply your uh simple knowledge not a complicated one very simple and general general knowledge you need to apply. See most of you girls, most of the girls especially who are obsessed with the cosmetics who are obsessed with the cosmetics and skincare products right I'm asking you guys whenever your skin is getting tan or when your skin when you want to glow up your skin what type of products what type of serums you're using that will be the answer here simple and for what point now tell me the answer now tell me the answer I gave you Sometimes we see darkening dark to prevent the darkening of explan see darkening can be done by you're right into your right exactly you're right that's second right that's second I giving you see antioxidants and the absorbent see why why we call when skin is oxidized see when in the plants and in the humans also when our skin is more oxidized more oxidized then our skin is getting into tan our skin is getting into see vitamin C exactly vitamin C antioxidant that's it that's what I told yeah and but for this one for this one okay in plants this antioxidants like citric acid right and yeah vitamin C and these things will prevent the conversion of phenolic compounds into quinine okay phenolic compounds into quinine see so these antioxidants see how they prevent the darkening ancient gently the plants to Clear the plants to have a phenolic compounds, right? Dark phenolic compounds. See if they convert if they convert into quinine. Okay. Then it becomes dark. But when it converts into so when any plant when any plant has any injury, right? When any plant has injury, when the tissue got ruptured at the time, at the time phenol compounds are going to be released. When phenol compounds are going to be released, they're immediately converted into queenine. Okay? But these antioxidants blocks the formation of quinine like vitamin C and these things here and absorbants like PVP and charcoal they absorbs this phenolic compounds to not convert into quinine. That's it. Yeah.

[00:12:49]Yes. That's why they're going to add this vitamin C also they're going to add. Yeah. Hope you understand. Fifth question. Which of the following is a micronutrient in the plant tissue culture media? Yes. In the culture media preparation you should be aware of very very important thing you should be aware of. See car what is a carbon source here where we are getting the carbon right and followed by what are the enzymes okay what are the hormones we are using okay or hormones okay and what is the pH that we are maintaining and what are the nutrients that we are adding okay and what is the jelling media these things we need to remember part here in generally for plants we have Clify the nutrition into nutrition into nutrients into how many types? Two types macro and micro right macro and micro right. So based on the proportion based on the requirement they have see if the plant require more than its body weight right more than 0.5 kg per body weight macro. Yeah. And it's a micro based on requirement we have divided. See why while I'm going through the question why I'm explaining all these things see it's become a revision for you even though you should revise like this you should revise like this while while you're solving a question directly if you know the answer also okay uh with respect to the answer cover all the all the possible outcomes possible questions okay know I can directly go with option I can directly go with option but if you revise like this along with one question you're going to cover three or more questions Yeah. So, possibly they have a micro and micronutrients. But now they're asking about what is a micronutrient. What was the right answer?

[00:14:37]Kindly mention the question number before you answer this question.

[00:14:47]Yes. Under the main is manganesees.

[00:14:51]Okay. Manganese micro which means they require very minute amount. They need they are the mutants. there which which are essential for the plants but in a very less quantities they require that is a manganese it is not okay supposed to have by high concentrations okay now the six question next plants can be plant can be generated from which of the following firstly you should know from which top it is this question is from the topic called poly polyroid more than more Then if they have more than one set of chromosome more than one set of chromosome is there which means if they have okay two chrom two set of chromosomes then it will be okay polyroid more than two to three not two okay more than two we can say if they have more than two sets of chromosome then it will be polyroid but if the plant is having one set of chromosome okay one set of chromosome that can be hloid okay so based on The number based on the number we are given to the okay triploid hloid okay triploid tetraloid okay exloid based on the number of conservation yeah more than yes exactly that's a polylo now they're asking so that hloids can be possible by which of the following culture techniques which of the following which of the following techniques can leads to formation of hloid plants Wow Krishna very good very good very good great that's really right answer I know that yes anthther culture while because see see what we can see anther is a anther is a what is a what type of organ it is anther is a repro organ right anther is a rep organ right so which means in this particular anther the cells are at very immature stage right the cells a very immature stage a metronaut at the time if you induce some changes then immediately decline genius which means see if you want to if you want to uh habituate if you want to uh what I can say if you want to make some changes even in your friends or even your children right even if you want to make some changes in their lifestyle also we need to incorporate that at their child at their uh right childhood level like how if you want to make some changes in terms of their gene, right? You should incorporate and you should start doing the changes from the ground level which means immature level. Imature means an see it is immature part of the plant it not see leaf is a mature part many is a mature part right also get mature part but whereas anther is a immature part right immature part yeah which means immature as well as it's a it's a part which readily accept the changes yeah that's why anger culture yeah very good Krishna okay now the next second question the phenomena of reversion of nature to mematic cell tissue is known as read the question.

[00:18:07]Okay. Cell tissue is known as nature to meatic cell is known as ready differentiation differentiation retro transformation reverse transformation.

[00:18:17]What could be the right answer?

[00:18:22]Come on dear students let me know.

[00:18:30]I think it's now rediffensation defensation retro transformation reverse transformation what kindly mention the question number before you answer the question yes and see they're asking reversion okay reversion of nature of mematic tissue that is see sometimes you'll get confused so as it's word containing reversion means don't go for the rediation clear okay yes it is So differentiation.

[00:19:01]Diffensation which means again going back. Okay. Again going back clear. Yes.

[00:19:09]So differentation. Next question. Carbon source used in the plant isue culture just now explained. We should while you're studying the plant is culture we should know the culture media right.

[00:19:18]What are the components of culture media? Then followed by what are the important uh types of okay hormones in it. Okay. What are the different types of plant tissue cultures? Aroot culture, medistan culture, anthther culture, buran culture, embryo culture, overview culture, right? Protolast culture these things are very very important. The techniques and what are the benefits and sterilization techniques of these techniques these plan culture and what are the sterilization reagents that we are going to use. These things are very very important when it comes to plant culture. Okay.

[00:19:50]Come on. Yes. Okay. So what is the right answer for the eighth question that kindly mention your answer?

[00:20:07]Yes. Undoubtedly see carbon. Simple answer carbon. Carbon. See where do you get the carbon? What is the formula of these things? What is the basic formula for sugar?

[00:20:20]Right? Which means sugar means they do contain carbon. Right? The formula for glucose, right? C46, right? Am I not?

[00:20:29]Which means is uh these three options do they are sugars or maybe any proteins are there.

[00:20:38]See from all these right we can get the we can get we can get see what my point sugars contain carbon in their structure. These are all sugars separated. So is sugar, glucose is sugar, right? And fructose is sugar. All of the options like how you allions.

[00:20:58]Next group of plants of species which have identical morphological cancer but difference in their chemical nature. Now tell me what type of uh biotechnology it is, what type of product it is maybe.

[00:21:16]Come on. Come on. Come on. Let me know your response. Group of plants or species which have an identical morphological charact but differ in their chemical nature. They are similar which means they saying that they are morphologically similar but chemically they are different.

[00:21:36]Right? Morphologically similar but they are chemically chemically they are different. Within this hint you're going to get the answer.

[00:21:46]Within the h you're going to get answer right. Where do you find this word or alphabets?

[00:21:53]This is the chemically different.

[00:21:55]Chemically different the name itself. See this will be the hint for you. Chemically different.

[00:22:01]Chemical nature. Come on. Where do you find these alphabets as a given option?

[00:22:06]The name that chemically different.

[00:22:09]Right. Yes. objects, right? Key word is chemically different.

[00:22:16]Exactly. Right. Try to remember like that. Very good. Very good. Kavita and Hindu. Very good. Yes. Very good. Come on. So write key models. Key models means try to remember. See uh morphologically similar, right? But chemically they are not at all similar.

[00:22:36]They're different, right?

[00:22:41]Next question. Protoplasmic plant tissue culture method was introduced in 1965.

[00:22:47]See who introduced the protolasmic plant tissue culture.

[00:22:52]Okay. Protolasmic plant tissue culture.

[00:22:57]Come on.

[00:22:59]Question number. Try to mention the question number. Dear Priam Priam Maria trying to mention the question number.

[00:23:06]If you're answering the question, try to mention the question number so that I'll consider your answer so that I I don't know for which question you are answering. If you're not mentioning the question number, I don't know for for which question you're answering. Hope you understand.

[00:23:21]You can these two options here. Why?

[00:23:24]Because they are not all related to tissue culture. Right? See, I'll tell you one thing. So, Skoo and Miller are very very important persons. Okay? In terms of culture media, okay, they have prepared a culture media. See for the plantation culture, okay, we have a different type of culture medias, right?

[00:23:43]We have different like culture media in that Skoo and Miller. Skook and Miller, right? Skook and Miller culture is there one specific culture. So they are related for the culture media preparation. But the person who introduced Okay, the person who introduced this one. Okay. Okay, the person who want to know this one difficulty is cocking. Yeah, that's the right answer.

[00:24:10]No, not a B. Okay, so it's a A. Why?

[00:24:13]Because cocking is a person. Skoo and Miller has prepared a tissue culture media. Try to remember Skoo and Miller.

[00:24:20]See, we have different types of culture media. Skoo and Miller culture, white culture, right? Yeah. Beef extract culture. These are things culture medias are there. But in that exactly right, you're right. Okay. Fine.

[00:24:33]Now the next question come on. The type of tissue culture used for the production of root associated metabolites are known as simple simple the the question itself will be the hint. Try to mention the question number.

[00:24:46]Very good. Very good.

[00:24:49]The name itself will be the answer. The type of tissue culture used for the production root associated metabolis is known as the tissue culture culture two system culture. The name itself will be the hint for you. If you properly essence understand essence what is the right answer come on go on hurry up I know you're all good students come on yes obviously see her culture the name itself would be the root culture roots but do you know about her root culture see what is the cause to organism what is the responsible bacteria for to cause her root culture. See any root culture can be any root culture we can create we can induce the roots for any any any plant. See you can induce roots for the leaves and you can induce roots for any stem or any part any fruit or you can induce. So when we add a bacteria called agroacterium risogenous aggro bacterium agroacterium risogenous try to remember this is the bacteria responsible for the hair culture. So when you add this bacteria to the leaf in a culture media it induces a heavy hairy roots titty roots. Okay. And yes if you collect this plant as a okay eggplant. Okay. And you can further culture them into a new nutrient media. Otherwise you can take this roots here. You can collect these roots and you can culture them in a new pet dish along with some neutral media.

[00:26:24]So thereby they'll be grown into a cell and followed by callus callous by the seedling. Yeah.

[00:26:33]Yes. So that's a bio that's why we reduce the tit root we can apply we can do root culture for any part of the plant. Yeah. Now the optimum pH of tissue culture media is the optimum pH of tissue culture phase. What's the optimum beach? I told you before right.

[00:26:51]See in the you should remember that you are indirectly the tissue culture means you are talking about cultivation right in cultivation in culture means cultivation which means in the culture media you need to understand that agar agar media right agar agar is like the it is like a soil right what is the function of the soil what is the function of the soil it should promotes the nutrients and it is like it anchor right it hold the plant right like how agar access right and even though soil has beh Right? So has a specific pH.

[00:27:23]Every plant based on its nature of chemical also it has a specific pH like how we need to maintain the pH also.

[00:27:29]Here we the BH we also know right and plants to supply right carbon source for them we adding sugars. Okay here right but in the soil the plant itself provides the sugars like what's the pH it's very similar similar to question number 12 question. Come on.

[00:27:52]Chpa Sanjay. Very good. Sanjay. Very good. Come on.

[00:28:01]Okay.

[00:28:02]Yes. Now the third question. The right answer will be try to remember this pH should not be acidic or should not be basic. Try to remember that one. Which means not at all. See not more basic.

[00:28:16]Not more basic or not even neutral as well. It should be should be five to six percentage. Five to six is a pH. Try to remember five to six. Okay. Mostly slight alkaline slight acidic. Yeah.

[00:28:31]Slightly stick not completely basic. Try to remember this one. Very good. Very good. Very good. Stony and Kavita. Very good. Come on. Next question. The ideal way to provide iron for a root culture would be to include would be included in the medium. Which medium? Fe3, F2 SO43, F3, FO4, what is the right answer? Even though, see this is the way you should question yourself, right? Even though all these contain feros, which means all they contain iron, but what could be the possible uh source way to provide a uh you can say iron. What is the right answer here?

[00:29:14]What is the right answer?

[00:29:17]The right answer will be why? Why? What is the right answer? Come on, kindly mention question number. If you keep on responding quickly, we can come to the questions as early as possible.

[00:29:27]Okay. Yeah. So why? Because the right answer will be yes. Can I get any responses?

[00:29:35]Very good.

[00:29:38]See, the right answer will be option option C. Why? or C even though all this sources containing ferus but only only this option C contain FTA what's EDTA is a celating agent right celicating agent yes so why we need to add this combination means see when you add the when you add the iron right in the plant in the metabolism or maybe when we when the growth right when we add this particular fee e in the newton medium right see we can directly add Fe or maybe iron if you can we can directly add Fe to the we can directly add the iron to the medium but what will happen due to due to the uh temperature conditions or due to some reasons it is going to be precipitated right and that's why if you add EDT okay it makes the iron more soluble it makes iron to not precipitate yeah ferrus iron see more see if if if you add then only it becomes more soluble. Then only the plant will acquire and then the plant will be absorbed.

[00:30:48]Got my point?

[00:30:50]And then keeps the iron to be non precipitating.

[00:30:59]Yeah. You know to prevent the precipitation of the iron also we adding that's the reason. Okay. Try to remember the terminal DI 209 question.

[00:31:08]Okay. Now putting question come on development of novel hybrid plan can be achieved with organ culture, suspension, suspension culture, caris culture and protolass culture. See reason carefully if you apply your brain novel hybrid culture. Noal hybrid culture. Okay. See what culture?

[00:31:33]What culture? See if you're taking by taking any organ maybe root or stem or fruit maybe anything right organ means any part of the plant. So by taking a single plant okay if you're culturing do you get the same do you get the new variety no not possible right cell subscription culture what the cellment culture by taking one cell right by taking one cell just to differentiate them into different different cells right here we are just using the uh we are transferring them into suspension and we are centrifusing them to divide them into multiple cells so by this also you're not going to get any new type of cells might be very less chances 95% % there are no possibility of creating over hybrids in a culture also there is 99% there's no possibility right yeah but in a callous culture you should tell me the right answer between these two what's the right answer see by the canvas see do remember only one thing means already it's a developed cell right car means already developed cell which means from the single cell if you are adding all the nutrient media and after making some changes. Okay, callus is going to form which means callus is already transformed which means from the callus you're not going to get the possible possible hybrids but there's a one opportunity called protolass culture what a protolast see here only culture technique which can be started from the cellular level protolast means cell without a cell wall which means protolast means cells without cell wall so without cell wall we can do any changes we can incorporate. But if the plant is going to have if cell is going to have a cell wall, cell wall is like a barrier. Cell wall is like a protection.

[00:33:18]So if the cell wall is there, you're not going to incorporate any changes. That's why protolast for the protolast we are removing cell wall. If you remove cell wall right, we don't have any boundaries. It can by what are the changes? We can induce a new hybrids. We can induce a polylo can induce mutations.

[00:33:37]Clear. That's why novel hybrids can be achieved by the protolast culture technique. That's it. Now vitamin which vitamin is essential for cell culture medium. Come on.

[00:33:48]Which vitamin we can give you the hint as well. Come on. Kindly mention the question number.

[00:33:58]Which vitamin is responsible for the cell culture techniques? Come on. Come on. 15 more questions. Come on. You should be should respond. Okay. So what is the right answer? So you should see in our cognacy modules beautifully we have designed right in the cognacy modules we have mentioned the table for the culture clear beautifully we have designed right in that you can get okay if you have the modules go through it okay in the cognacy modules even though for the dragon spectctor also dragon figure also we have mentioned right see in that book you have a detailed knowledge or detailed content for this one okay see for the 15th question it is a t remember see what media I'll give you one hint. It is a tissue culture media, right? Tissue culture media. T for T and T for tissue culture. Try to remember like that. Tissue culture. It is a tissue culture, right? Try to remember. For tissue culture, it needs T for thy.

[00:34:54]Okay. Yeah.

[00:34:57]Next question. P cell volume is used to measure which of the following in the plants and culture. See the P cell volume is a right it's a measurement or maybe it's a component used to measure which of the following cell growth and suspension culture density of callus culture porosity of the callus culture and bul density of the callus culture. Tell me what is the right answer to what 16th question.

[00:35:33]Come on dear students. Yes, we're running out of time. Come on. Come on.

[00:35:36]Yes. So pack cell volume is mainly packed cell volume. Pack cell volume.

[00:35:42]Okay. Which mean for the cell growth of how many cells have grown. Yeah. So to check the cell growth. See we use this measurement. Okay. We use this uh measurement to assess the to assess the cell growth. How much cell growth is going to be at time? That's it. Next. So as I told you that this is a beautiful book that we had right already I have shown right this book figure okay theory we have the as well as object two just single book is enough to master your DI which means see in order to prepare for book examinations if you're a student okay if you're not if you're if you're not a student okay you need to refer a lot of books so that it could be difficult for you. So that's why if you get this one, we are keeping the des we have we keeping the link of this book in the description. You can go and get it.

[00:36:35]Okay. From there we are mentioning the drug script of fingertip and theory book. These two books link we are keeping in the description. Go and get it. Okay. Here. Yes. Now 17th question.

[00:36:46]The engine used to diver the cell of the protolass in protolas culture technique is yes. Protolass means I already told you here protolast means see protolas means protolas means itself without cell wall right protolass means cell wall without cell wall there is no cell wall in order to remove the cell wall we not remove the cell wall we have two methods one is enzatic method okay and second one is mechanical method method.

[00:37:23]Intatic method we use some enzymes. In the mechanical method we use some some instruments like forceps and knives.

[00:37:29]Okay. But in the enzatic method we use two types of engines. One is lies and other one is one is and right what we remove here cell wall right we rem cell wall that's why cell wall right cell wall is a enzyme we removing cell wall that's how we remember right simple. See here we are removing we removing cell wall and is see what what protolast protolant be cell wall rem of cell wall right remove of cell wall okay to remove the cell wall we call usually names ends with a right so cellular cell got my point like that okay yeah now Second question. Very good. Now the major source of carbon in the plant tissue culture medium major source. Major. Now they're asking major source. So in the in the previous question they asked carbon source for plant tissue culture, right? But they're asking a major carbon source.

[00:38:36]Should know the difference between these two.

[00:38:45]Okay. Come on. Come on. should answer this question. Major source. See uh in generally you need apply some minimum uh what I can say a basic thing basic IQ should apply here.

[00:39:01]What is the right answer? 18th question.

[00:39:03]Okay.

[00:39:05]Yes.

[00:39:07]Very good. Very good.

[00:39:13]Obviously see major source of carbon or major sweetness is obtained from obviously more number of carb more number of carbons and more number of which means more number of sugar very nice the most common use surface agent of plant in the plant that's what I told you for every see for every type of tissue culture like for seeds for roots for stems for leaves for for maybe for an foren these parts every Every expplant every explan have their own and specific type of stabilizing agent. See you should remember that. But most common you should remember what most common most common is. What's the most common stabilizing agent here?

[00:40:01]Most common stilizing agent.

[00:40:08]Okay. So that is nothing but see good try glutony but it is a sodium hypocchlorone it's a friendly for you we can we canize any part of the gland by using sodium hypocchloride clear but try to remember all the cellizing agents they are like salts right hypocchloride they are the base try to remember clear okay yes sodium hypocchloride next question what is chemot now the question we DI 2008 question. What are Kim Dims?

[00:40:44]Come on, let me know the answer quickly.

[00:40:49]19th or 20th question. Chems. The group of plant species which have the same morphological but different in the chemical nature. A group of plants of species which have the same chemical nature but different morphological characteristics. A group of plant species which have the same morphological and chemical characteristics. And a group of plants are species which have no singularity of their morph.

[00:41:09]Undoubtedly udic and you're all right.

[00:41:12]You're right. Why? Because already we have discussed emot means chemical difference only chemical difference but the morphological signal which means option A is right. We can directly and blindly go with option A. Why? Because morphological signal but different in the chemical.

[00:41:28]That's it. Now the 21st question. Which of the following is an organic compound synthesized in one part of the plant and transllocated into another part where in very very low concentration? See in the question they give you a hint and also for physiological responses in the question they'll give you hint. The examiner will give you a hint. Okay, he had some mercy right? Can he have some mercy on you? Yeah, that's why he's not that much rude examiner because the every question right when you check the every question you had the hidden hint in that.

[00:42:00]Now with that what's the right answer?

[00:42:02]So this thing you should remember very very low concentration which of the following are produced in a very very low concentration and which involve the physiological functions physological responses and also transllocated.

[00:42:14]Can you mention the question number and let me know the answer.

[00:42:24]21st question. Come on.

[00:42:27]Great going. Nine more questions are there. Come on. And yes.

[00:42:33]Very good. Very good. Hindu. You're right. You're so clever. Come on. Right.

[00:42:37]Yes. Obviously that's the right answer.

[00:42:39]Why? Because see try to remember only things which are synthesized in plants and also in a very very low concentration. See plants will synthesize the plant hormones. See even though in our body do we synthesize the insulin in a cases or maybe 100 ml or one liter? No. Even in our body also the hormones are synthesized in a very low concentration. We try to remember hormones are very low concentration and also they have synthesized in our body.

[00:43:06]Even though insulin is inside our body and is transllocated right it's transllocated wherever the glucose levels are there where the glucose levels are are spiked right then immedately insulin go and sus like next question 22 question the pair of hormones required for aus to differentiate is the pair of hormones required for a carous to differentiate is gujarat d 2024 d 2019 19.

[00:43:36]What is the right answer?

[00:43:46]Come on.

[00:43:51]Mention the question number.

[00:43:57]Anyway question number dear students 22 second question see what is the right answer here just now we have came across try to remember and yes it is options in cytoine and cytoine clear yes so you can admit these options because when you when you see a word called differentiation okay you you can keep this as your okay options you can admit these Why? Because sus means differentiation which can you can keep this one. Okay, clear.

[00:44:33]Yes, that's it.

[00:44:37]And there is a hint that okay in the callus level in the callus level you need oxen. Okay. And in that callus if you want to differentiate you need cytoine.

[00:44:49]Next question by which myric pathway?

[00:44:52]Now the questions are from the pathways.

[00:44:54]By which biosynthetic pathway aromatic form two very very important we have three important pathways majorly shikmic acid malate okay and malate pathway dear student you should know the common names and other names of this pathways I'll tell you try to remember okay shikmic acid pathway acid pathway is known as a aromatic amino acid pathway aromatic amino acid pathway way. Okay. And this mamalate pathway is known as a try to remember isopenoid pathway.

[00:45:33]Isopren or HMG CO reductase pathway. HMG COA reductase pathway. The students and this pathway is known as fatty acid pathway.

[00:45:45]Malanate is a fatty acid pathway.

[00:45:48]Malinate is isopent pathway. Shikmic acid is known as a aromatic pathway or shikmic acid pathway here. But you should know what the end products of this path. You should know why because see the name itself. See by the maline that we are going to have the fatty acids like palmetic acid, olic acid, lenolic acid, arenic acid. That's why it is a fatty acid here and this maline pathway is going to isopenoid compounds like terrapenoids right and these things. That's why here how are the oil compounds? Telpenoids. Okay.

[00:46:21]Tpines. They are going to synthesize the tpines. Yeah. And shic acid pathway going to synthesize the phenile propane compounds. Phenyl prop phenile compounds mostly. Right. Finally am like phenile alen, tyrosin, and tryptoine. These are the three compound. These are the three phenyl, tyrosin and tryptoine. Phenyl.

[00:46:42]Three aromatic compounds. Right.

[00:46:44]Phenylene, tyrosin and tryptoine. These things you got to. So now what is the answer for this one question for 23rd question undoubted is a shik acid pathway.

[00:47:00]Yes dear students you're all so good and clear very good on next question from which metabolic pathway you can eliminate if you're clever you can eliminate two options.

[00:47:12]Okay. Try caroxyic acid pathway. No, it is not for the meant for the secondary metabolic pathway. It is for the primary metabic pathway and glycosis. See these two are these two like how we should apply elimination method.

[00:47:26]This is a primary metabolic pathway.

[00:47:27]This is also primary metab pathway.

[00:47:28]Glycolysis but end product of glycolysis right past pyroic acid will be the precursor for the shikimic acid pathway. But now the question is flavonoids.

[00:47:44]11.

[00:47:48]Come on.

[00:47:51]Uh, six more questions. Come on, dear students. Come on. 24th question. Yes, Indo, you're right. Very good. Okay.

[00:48:00]But, but it is from the shamic acid pathway. Okay. It's from the shik pathway. See in the shamic acid pathway if you observe clearly in that we have mentioned okay in the clearly flavonoids can be synthesized flavors can be synthesized from the flates can be synthesized from the just a minute I'll be plugging the chart yes okay flams can be pure and also uh marabonic acid means fatty acids that's what I told you clear fatty acids see flavors can be synthesized from Two pathways one is from other that's next and what is the starting compound of shik acip come on what is starting compound we have what is the starting compound of shumic acid pathway precursor and also while you studying for the uh pathways try to remember three things okay any path any pathway you should know that okay what are the precursors first important question you're going to get from the precursor based question what is the starting products and then followed by key intermediates okay key intermediates and finally third question is third type of questions are end products you're going to get end product based questions so what are the end products of the each pathway and also other name other names Clear.

[00:49:39]So we got to get the question based on the precursors. While you're studying these three are important mostly these three are important when you study the pathways try to know the precursor. What is the precursor of each compound which is starting product and what are the key intermediates and also what are the end products. Now take me the right answer.

[00:49:56]Yes. For the starting product of the compound or precursor of the gas pathway is pass pyic acid and electro for paspate. These two are the same precursors. Posyate and electro for pass. These are the two precursors. They are going to form the shic acid.

[00:50:14]Very good. Go on. Now 26 question. Yes.

[00:50:17]Five more question. Sic acid is a key intermedi.

[00:50:21]Come on. This question is given in 2025 or 2024 GPA and drug inspector has no GPA.

[00:50:33]Kindly mention the question number. Yes.

[00:50:36]Four more questions. Great going. I'm always proud of you dear students. Come on. Even though in this summer you're not giving up. You're giving your best right? You're chasing your dreams.

[00:50:48]That's makes a difference for an achiever right as like other students you can go and have and have a summer vacation but you guys are keep on investing your time on this and you chasing your dreams that's really really see proud of you have a will for what you're going to achieve now tell me the right answer to the 26th question I told you already in the shikmic acid pathway we We are going to have the right phenile alanine.

[00:51:22]Phenilean means okay we know that. Okay.

[00:51:27]We are going to have the phenile compounds right. Phenile compounds directly directly phenile means see phenile phenile propane compounds.

[00:51:37]Remember phenile propane mean prop right? So we are going to C6 and C3 units are going to be synidized from the shaking gas pathway. Why? Because finally is a phenyl propound clear. Yes. So right answer will be CS and C3 units.

[00:51:57]Okay.

[00:51:58]So this is the right answer. And now 27th question. Aromatic analysis are bias concise from which pathway?

[00:52:05]Aromatic analysis. Again aromatic analysis says which pathway 26th question 27th question that's why isop means mamalic acid pathway hypothesis no we can these two so unly 27th is Yes, you would right and yeah right answer will be the year 2024 question sigma acid pathway sigma acid pathway yes and now 20th question yes three more questions to go come on dear students MS is d from sigma acid pathway does not include see only I told you before only three three paps are end products what are they right just don't We have before I have explained phenylene, tyros and tryptophan but there is no proline which means these three are directly obtained from the shik acid pathway but whereas l proline is not an end product or maybe amino acid derived from the shik acid pathway that's the right answer okay now two more questions come on dear students always always okay always very good very good happening in Turkey tenoids and senots are bison implants especially over that's what I told what the other name for which pathway has a name of terodal pathway or isopen pathway what is the right answer here come on last two more questions very good very Good. Very good. Yes, it is undoubtedly mine. That's why I told you is pathway or HFC pathway. Okay.

[00:54:12]Yes. Great. And last question of the 12 p.m. series. Okay. Come on. Okay, I pass is an important intermediate.

[00:54:33]Okay. And these two are key intermediates of which pathway?

[00:54:41]Pyroposphate DMAP general pyopaspate general pyroposphate last question yes come on I'll be waiting for your answer that's all for today's 12 p.m.

[00:55:00]question. Come on. Yes, let me know.

[00:55:05]30th question. I'll be asking for 30th question. Gavita, you're right now. 30th question. Last question.

[00:55:22]The right answer will be belongs to pathways. I said pathway means seeenoids.

[00:55:33]and sometimes fat central you can go with two options.

[00:55:39]Okay. So this is all for today's session here students mostly and the right answer will be can consider ephenoids and fats as well sometimes. Okay. Yes.

[00:55:49]So this is for today's uh 12 p.m. DIP series. Okay. And we'll meet again in the 3pm series. But okay. Do one thing dear students. All of you do one thing.

[00:56:00]Uh you better okay after the session after the session in that 30 MCQs you better analyze yourself how many rights you have got that that that will uh that will tell you about your performance right keep on uh solving the MCQs and try to assess yourself by checking the right answer. If you made any wrong answer mark it okay and learn it and uh okay overcome it. That's it. That's it.

[00:56:26]That's the thing I can tell you. Okay.

[00:56:28]And thank you so much, dear students.