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[00:00:01]So unit number two is the law, unit number two is okay, unit number two is Sale of Goods Act 1930 and Consumer Protection Act 2019, so we will have one question from Consumer Protection Act 2019 and one question from Sale of Goods Act 1930 in the examination. So overall we have given three questions in Important Questions, one is the differences between conditions and warranties, second one is the rights of unpaid seller, third one is the provisions of the Consumer Protection Act, important provisions are three concepts, so any two concepts, especially unpaid seller, one is the consumer protection act, these two concepts are important, okay, so first we will discuss about the question differences between conditions and warranties under the sale of goods act, actually under the sale of goods act, what are conditions, what are warranties, what are their differences, the sale of goods act 1930, governs Contracts for the Sale of Goods in India The Sale of Goods Act of 1930 deals with all the laws related to goods, that is, when we sell a product or a set of goods, all the laws related to it are covered in the Sale of Goods Act of 1930. Especially in India every [groan] contract contains certain terms. There are some rules and regulations for every contract. These terms are classified into conditions and warranties depending on the importance of those rules and whatever terms they are. They are classified in this. They are classified as conditions and warranties.

[00:01:40]Okay.

[00:01:42]So this is the introduction of the Sale of Goods Act 1930.

[00:01:47]What should be written in the second clause? What should be written in the condition? What should be written in the warranty? What is the condition? A condition is an essential term of the contract. It goes to the root of the contract. If a condition is breached, the buyer can reject the goods and cancel the contract.

[00:02:04]We are putting a condition. Like every time by 9 o'clock you should be here, we put a condition, okay, that's the main thing about the contract, if you break it, the contract will be rejected in the middle, you can cancel it in the middle, that is called a condition for example, a buyer orders a new laptop but the seller delivers a used laptop. When he wants a new laptop, he sends a used laptop.

[00:02:32]So, there is a breach of condition, right? That means he doesn't listen to what he says. In that case, the contract will not be fulfilled. What happens then? It gets rejected, it gets canceled, that is called condition meaning, do you understand? Next, what is warranty? What is meant by warranty? A warranty is a secondary or minor term of the contract. Okay, this is a secondary contract. After condition, if it is breached, the buyer cannot cancel the contract but can claim the compensation. If that is not the case, the contract is not canceled, but the damages arising from it can be claimed. You can ask for a small amount under compensation. For example, a buyer purchases a car in blue color but the seller provides the same model with a different shade of blue. If the buyer asks for a blue color, the seller provides a different shade of blue, like light blue or sky blue, or some other color of car. The buyer can claim damages but cannot reject the car. He does not need to reject the car because it is already a blue but he gave him a different shade of blue than this blue. So he can claim a small amount as compensation.

[00:03:46]That is called warranty. Okay, so what is the difference between conditions and warranty? What is a condition?

[00:03:54]This is a term. What is a warranty? This is a secondary term. It is the root of the contract. Warranty is a main purpose. It does not have an effect. That is, the contract cannot be canceled, but compensation is what we can claim.

[00:04:09]Breach of warranty allows rejection of goods.

[00:04:11]Goods cannot be rejected in warranty. In warranty, we cannot send the goods back. The buyer [clears throat] can cancel the contract. The buyer can only claim the damages. Okay, it is more important. It is less important. That is enough.

[00:04:26]Conclusion What to write Conditions and Warranties Protect the Buyers and Sellers A condition is an essential warranty is a minor promise Understanding the differences between conditions and this warranty which will be helpful for the both the parties for their legal rights and duties So if they understand this correctly they will clearly understand what rights they have and what duties they have. So this is the first answer Differences Between Conditions and Warranties Now the second answer What are the rights of an unpaid seller An unpaid seller is someone who has what rights What rights does he have So an unpaid seller is a seller who has not received the full price of the goods or whose check or bill has been dishonored The sale of goods Act provides rights to protect unpaid sellers For example A is there B is there OK B is there A is near a car Purchase is bought Give a check Take a check Go to a bank and deposit the check Cancelled It got dishonored It bounced. The amount received is not received. He is a seller but he did not receive the money that time is considered as an unpaid seller. Okay, what rights does an unpaid seller have?

[00:05:58]Okay, so the Sale of Goods Act provides special rights to protect the unpaid seller.

[00:06:05]The Sale of Goods Act 1930, which is what it is, provides special rights to the unpaid seller.

[00:06:12]What rights does the first one mean? Rights of an unpaid seller are divided into the first category like rights against the goods.

[00:06:20]Okay, it is divided into two types.

[00:06:23]One is rights against the goods. The first one is right of lien.

[00:06:30]Right of lien means that the seller can be in possession of the goods. That is, right of lien means the right to keep the goods until payment is complete. The right of lien is when the buyer pays the amount and the goods remain with him.

[00:06:45]When is this applicable? Goods are sold without credit, that is, when the buyer wants to pay immediately in cash.

[00:07:01]This is applicable when the next credit period expires. If the buyer becomes insolvent, this is also applicable when the buyer is in a position where he cannot pay. This is the first time. What is the second right? Right of stoppage of goods in transit.

[00:07:09]He can stop the goods even at the time of dispatch. If the payment is not received, okay. If the buyer becomes insolvent while the goods are in transit, the seller can stop delivering and take possession. He can also take possession even at the time of dispatch. If the buyer does not pay, he can stop the goods there and then. Okay.

[00:07:30]We also have that right. What are the conditions? If the buyer becomes insolvent, the goods are not transferred, the seller is unpaid, that is, when we do not receive the money that is due to us, then what is the next right of resale? This unpaid seller also has the right to resell those goods if he does not pay the money. When the goods are perishable, that is, perishable goods that are used from time to time, like for example milk or vegetables, what can he do if he does not pay?

[00:08:01]We also have that right. I heard that some rights can be resold even if the buyer fails to pay a notice, meaning that even if the notice is sent, the buyer does not respond. What is considered the second category is Rights Against the Personal Property, which we call Buyer's Property. Okay, this is the second type. The first one in the second type is a suit for the price. The seller can file a case to recover the price if the buyer refuses to pay.

[00:08:28]Okay, so if he doesn't pay, we can also file a case against him.

[00:08:36]That is called a suit for price.

[00:08:38]Next one is a suit for damages. If he doesn't pay even after using some months, we will claim damages for the months we used. If he used the months but still can't clear the amount, we can claim compensation for the months.

[00:08:55]That is, the unpaid seller can also claim a suit for interest. That is, if he still doesn't pay, we have to go and get it.

[00:09:03]Okay, what is the importance of an unpaid seller?

[00:09:07]Importance of an unpaid seller.

[00:09:09]What is meant by this is that it protects against financial losses, ensures payment of the goods, and what is called trust. It tries to prevent fraud. Business is considered fair and confidence is also ensured in trading.

[00:09:28]So these are the five important rights of an unpaid seller. What should I write about this?

[00:09:34]Conclusion What can I write? The Sale of Goods Act gives important rights to an unpaid seller such as lien stoppage in transit resale suit for damages price interest.

[00:09:48]What are the different types of these rights? All these are rights that we owe to the unpaid seller.

[00:09:53]Why should commercial transactions be fair and not protect the sellers? This Sale of Goods Act 1930 was used to whom it was used. It should be written neatly saying that it gave certain rights to the unpaid seller.

[00:10:07]Okay, clear with the unpaid seller. Okay, next, coming back to the last concept, the Consumer Protection Act 2019. This is actually the Consumer Protection Act. That is, what are the rights and what is the real importance? We have written about all this.

[00:10:24]Now we are okay. So the Consumer Protection Act 2019 protects consumers against unfair trade practices, defective goods, poor services, misleading advertisements, online fraud. It replaces the Consumer Protection Act 1986, that is, the Protection Act of 1986 was remodeled and sent in 2019.

[00:10:46]This way, we can protect consumers. Even if you receive fake advertisements, the wrong goods are delivered to you, or you receive something unwanted in the food, you can file a case in the You Can Claim Consumer Court. That means we have this act to protect the consumer, okay? So we should write an induction about it. What is the important provisions?

[00:11:10]What are the important provisions? What are the important losses? We have provisions. What is the loss? A consumer has the right to safety. The right to information. What is information? For example, if we visit a store, it is the responsibility of the store to provide information to the person about the goods and services sold in that store. If he does not provide information, we can sue him. Okay, right to see, you can take what you like. Right to be heard, you can do what you like. Right to seek redress. Right to consumer education. So, right to safety, security, right to information, right to choose, right to hear. These are the different losses that our consumers have. There are.

[00:11:55]We call consumers those who consume the final product. The second one is called the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CGPA). Central Consumer Protection Authority okay so what does it have sorry it is CCPA okay not CJPA so what do we have in this i.e. what does this particular authority have i.e. it protects the consumer interest it also takes investigation complaints if there is any fraud rather than unfair it stops it we can ban unsafe products and we can also do penalties whoever is doing misleading advertisement okay so that is what we call CCP Central Consumer Protection Authority Third one what is product liability product liability means if manufacturers or sellers or service producers give defective products to the consumer then they are the ones who are responsible for the loss They are liable and they have to pay compulsorily. That is called product liability. Okay, the fourth one is e- commerce protection. If someone in the online sellers in the digital marketing space has defrauded you, you can file a complaint against them.

[00:13:19]We can file a cyber complaint against online businesses. That is called e-commerce protection.

[00:13:24]We also have the fifth one for consumers. The fifth one is the Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission. In this, we have three types of consumer courts. The court is district court, state court, and national commission. First, we take it in the district.

[00:13:38]If not, then state, then national, then vice versa. We can also seek justice. Okay, what is Sixth One? [Clearing throat] Meditation Meditation The Act Encourages Settlement Through Meditation Meditation Meditation Meditation Which Saves Time and Money Okay, it will be a hack to save your time and your money. This act has come. Next one is a mislead advertisement.

[00:14:10]We can also impose penalties on those whose advertisements are misled, and we can also collect compensation from them. What is unfair trade practices?

[00:14:21]Whether it's false claims, false discounts, defective items, black marketing, or anything else, we can file a case against them. It's compulsory to have that right.

[00:14:31]We have that right too. Next one is filing complaints. Complaints can be filed online, live, and we can also easily seek compensation.

[00:14:46]Okay, the penalties are the same. What is adulterated goods?

[00:14:51]What do they mean by adulterated products that are mostly unused?

[00:14:56]Even when we use them in food, we can impose penalties on them. Okay, even if there are unfair trade practices such as misleading advertisements, okay, selling spurious goods, that is, selling banned goods, even if we do all these things, we can file a case against them and claim penalties.

[00:15:14]Okay, this Consumer Protection Act 2019 will give us what kind of advertisement we need, it will protect consumer rights, it will protect online shopping, if we have any dispute or conflict, we can settle it easily, there will be 24/7 chat support, so we can ensure product safety, if there is any fraud, it will prevent us from doing so, it will promote transparency, what they show and what they sell, there will be transparency in both, confidence will also be built for us. So what can be written in conclusion?

[00:15:52]The Consumer Protection Act 2019 is a modern law that safeguards consumers and ensures that mistakes are not made. Consumer Rights, E-Commerce, CCPA, for Quick Justice or for Remedies, for all these, this Consumer Protection Act is very very very important.

[00:16:12]Okay, in unit number two, unpaid seller is one of the most important. Second one is Consumer Protection Act 2019. If you focus more on these two concepts, you will attempt it compulsorily. Okay, so how can you write common points? You can write meaning and definition in the exam. Then, object features, types, rights and duties. Now we have all these in the unit. Count the side headings.

[00:16:38]Okay, mentioning all these, including the diagrammatic representation. You need to write your answer.

[00:16:45]Okay, clear with the second unit.