-ar verbs in the present tense

[00:00:01]¡Hola Clase!

[00:00:02]Buenas noches.

[00:00:03]Today we're gonna see the present tense of the -AR verbs.

[00:00:07]Now, in order to speak about activities that we do on our everyday life, we need to use verbs and um well the verbs are the actions.

[00:00:19]It expresses actions or um states of being.

[00:00:22]Now in English and Spanish, we have the infinity verbs.

[00:00:26]An infinitive verb means that it hasn't been conjugated.

[00:00:29]In English, you'll recognize those because we have: to before the verb: to sing, to eat or to live.

[00:00:39]In Spanish, you're gonna recognize an infinitive verb by the ending.

[00:00:44]And we have three groups.

[00:00:46]We have AR verbs, ER and IR.

[00:00:49]Now, we need to conjugate those verbs in order to speak and there is uh like rules for conjugations.

[00:00:59]We need to drop the ending, we have this first step, we need to drop the ending, so we're gonna work with the verb bailar, which is to dance.

[00:01:08]It is an -AR verb.

[00:01:10]We're only going to see -AR verbs in this chapter, we're going to see -ER and -IR in the next chapter, chapter three.

[00:01:17]So, we drop the ending, so instead of bailar, we have bail- and then, we just keep adding uh endings depending on who's doing the action.

[00:01:28]So, you need to memorize those endings.

[00:01:31]If I'm doing the action, I'm going to add an -O, so it will be yo bailo.

[00:01:39]I dance.

[00:01:40]If you are doing the action, it will be tú bailas, the ending for tú is -AS.

[00:01:48]If he or she is doing the action, the ending will be -A, so it will be baila or ella baila.

[00:01:59]And it is the same conjugation for usted which is tú, but in formal, in a formal way.

[00:02:07]Uh if we are doing the action, uh nosotros, it will be bailamos because the ending for nosotros is -AMOS.

[00:02:17]Now, vosotros, it is only used in Spain, uh but the ending is -ÁIS, so it will be bailáis.

[00:02:26]If you are doing the action like all of you, you in plural.

[00:02:30]It will be bailan.

[00:02:32]The ending is -AN and the ending for ellos or ellas is exactly the same as ustedes, so it would be ellos o ellas bailan.

[00:02:44]So every time that you see a verb that ends in -AR and it's a regular verb, we're gonna follow these rules or these steps to conjugate them.

[00:02:54]And this conjugation is only in the present tense.

[00:02:59]For the past tense or the future tense we have different endings.

[00:03:02]These endings are just for present tense.

[00:03:05]If you are doing the action in the present.

[00:03:07]Um, now these are some common -AR verbs that we're gonna be using during the semester.

[00:03:16]They are very common, so you're gonna hear them um very often on the streets.

[00:03:24]We have caminar, which is to walk.

[00:03:28]If I want to say that I walk every day, it will be... it will be yo camino todos los días.

[00:03:51]Now, I'm gonna copy this... I'm just gonna rewrite it in this clean page.

[00:04:05]Yo camino todos los días.

[00:04:06]Now the infinity verb is caminar.

[00:04:12]The first step is to drop the ending, we drop -AR and we have camin- this is my stem, camin-.

[00:04:20]Now, I need to add the ending depending on who's doing the action and I am doing the action, so the ending for I is -O, camino, so yo camino.

[00:04:32]I walk every day.

[00:04:34]Todos los días.

[00:04:36]Let's do another example.

[00:04:39]Let's say cocinar, which is to cook uh cocinar.

[00:04:47]We drop the ending, we have the stem, and now we add the ending depending on the subject.

[00:04:54]Now, let's say that she is doing the action, so it would be -A, cocina.

[00:05:04]Ella cocina pollo, chicken los viernes.

[00:05:16]Okay, she cooks chicken on Fridays.

[00:05:21]Let's see another example, desear.

[00:05:25]Now, every time that I put this plus uh infinitive, it means that you're gonna conjugate the first verb and then you're gonna use it with a different verb, but you're gonna leave it in the infinitive.

[00:05:37]Uh, let's say, um desear means to desire or to wish.

[00:05:45]Now, desear plus infinitive.

[00:05:55]When I say this, it means that the second verb that we use it's gonna stay in the infinitive form, in the base form.

[00:06:02]We're not going to conjugate it.

[00:06:04]We're only gonna conjugate the first verb, so let's say um that he is doing the action, so the ending for he, for él is -A, so it will be él... desea estudiar español.

[00:06:31]Now, you see how I conjugated desear.

[00:06:35]Desea, I dropped the ending and then I added that ending for él, but uh estudiar is in the infinitive form.

[00:06:42]I didn't conjugate it, so every time that you have double verbs, two verbs.

[00:06:48]we only conjugate the first one.

[00:06:50]So, he desires to stu.. he desires to study Spanish.

[00:06:54]And we're gonna do just one more example, uh necesitar plus infinitive, again, we only gonna conjugate necesitar and we leave the second verb in the infinitive form.

[00:07:09]And we're going to say that ellas, they feminine are doing the action, so necesitar plus Infinitive.

[00:07:26]Ellas, Now, we have necesitar, the first step is to drop the ending.

[00:07:37]We have the stem and then, we add the ending for ellas to the stem and the ending for ellas is -AN.

[00:07:47]So, necesitan.

[00:07:49]Ellas necesitan comprar, to buy, Now, you see comprar is in the infinitive form.

[00:08:01]We haven't, we haven't conjugated it and we won't conjugate it because it's it's uh together with necesitan, so they need to buy a new dress.

[00:08:12]Ellas necesitan comprar un vestido nuevo.

[00:08:15]Okay seguimos.

[00:08:16]Okay.

[00:08:17]If you're going to make your sentence negative, the only thing that you need to do is to place the word NO before the conjugated verb, so if you have two verbs, you place the word NO before the conjugated verb and if you only have one verb, so it's the same, you just put it before the verb.

[00:08:49]Uh like this example: yo no cocino pescado.

[00:08:52]It's... I don't cook fish.

[00:09:03]This is in the present tense and it's a negative sentence.

[00:09:07]Uh this other example is José no baila cumbias, so uh we conjugate bailar because there's only one verb and we place NO before the verb and if this means... so José does not dance cumbias.

[00:09:33]Okay, it's negative and it is in the present tense.

[00:09:37]Okay and there are some um verbs that it is important that we mention during this section because um they are used differently in Spanish that in English.

[00:09:53]And that it's uh it has to do with the prepositions that we use in each language like buscar, which is to look for.

[00:10:02]Um in in Spanish, we don't need the preposition for, so we just say busco la tarea and in English you will say, I'm looking for the homework, you need this for.

[00:10:14]In Spanish, you don't, you just said busco la tarea or busco, busco un vestido.

[00:10:25]I'm looking for a dress, you see how we don't have that for in Spanish.

[00:10:30]Now, uh escuchar, which is to listen.

[00:10:34]In Spanish, you don't need that to, Okay?

[00:10:37]you just say escucho la música, I'm listening to music in English, but in Spanish, we don't need this preposition, so escucho la música or um Ella, she, escucha, listens to the radio, but in Spanish, we don't need a preposition.

[00:11:01]So, we just uh we just say the article.

[00:11:05]Ella escucha la radio.

[00:11:08]Esperar, to wait for, well that for, we don't need it in Spanish.

[00:11:13]We just said espero el autobús, I'm waiting for the bus.

[00:11:19]And the same with mirar, which is to look at, um we don't need that at in Spanish.

[00:11:27]So, miro la pizzarra o miro la televisión, miro el parque, miro a mis amigos, you don't need this at.

[00:11:39]I'm looking at a Blackboard in English in Spanish, you just said miro la pizarra.

[00:11:46]Okay and just one more thing um in Spanish, you don't always need the subject, sometimes you just omit it and that's completely fine.

[00:11:57]People are gonna understand very well because they are gonna know who is doing the uh the action, who's the subject uh by the conjugation of the verb.

[00:12:06]If you conjugate the verb correctly, you don't need the subject, so you can just omit it.

[00:12:12]For example instead of saying yo estudio español los martes, since estudiar is already conjugated, you don't really need the subject, so you can just say.

[00:12:32]Estudio español los martes and everybody is gonna understand uh perfectly that you are doing the action that you are the subject.

[00:12:41]Okay so that's it for the -AR verbs.

[00:12:45]I hope that you understand everything and um we'll see you, see you around.

[00:12:51]Adiós.