Race and ethnicity are fundamentally different concepts: race is a broad, inclusive category created by external forces (like the OMB in 1977), while ethnicity refers to shared cultural experiences, language, and history within a specific group. The term 'black' originally functioned as an ethnic identifier before being reclassified as a racial category after the 1960s. Black Americans reclaimed 'black' as an endonym (self-named identity) during the Civil Rights Movement, transforming a term historically associated with inferiority into a positive identity. This reclamation demonstrates how marginalized groups can reshape external labels into sources of empowerment and cultural pride.
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FBA tiktok'er learns who is BlackHinzugefügt:
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Okay, so now listen to listen to Charleston White. I just have a question.
Yeah, what's the question?
Wait, can you can you introduce yourself real fast or what?
>> What you need? My No, not just just the name you go by.
That's all. OB.
Okay.
Um so yeah, so you has you mentioned that you was talking about the Jamaican dude and uh him him kind of being confused on on his race because he said he was black.
But I think people in general and I hear people get stuff twisted all the time especially on this app Right. between race and ethnicity and ethnicity. Right.
Jamaican, him being Jamaican just is is his ethnicity just like we're black American, he's black Jamaican. They got white Jamaicans. You know what I'm saying? Slow down. Slow down.
Slow down.
No, I'm just speaking. Go ahead.
>> you. But I'm trying to like, you know, get somewhere with you. So um there's no such thing as a black Jamaican, right?
You you have you have Afro-Jamaicans.
They're called Afro-Jamaicans. Black Jamaican is made up.
You have Chinese Jamaicans, you have Indian Jamaicans and you have Afro-Jamaicans. The word black and Jamaican so you just said black you you just said Jamaican is their uh is their ethnicity, right?
Mhm. And it's also their nationality, right? Right.
So in our black is our ethnicity, right?
No, our black our black is our race. Our ethnicity is American and our nationality. Hold on. Stop.
Uh no, there's nobody on Earth ethnicity American.
American is a nationality. That's why you have Nigerian Americans.
>> But black is a race, right?
>> No. No, no. Black operates as a race after it was first operating as an ethnicity. So, you need to do that. Look up when black became a race. That's after the 1960s. So, it was negro first.
Right? Like you said, people on Tik Tok mix up information. Well, I'm the guy who who clears things things up. So, >> are Yeah. Well, >> You're the one. I got the right one, huh? You got the right one, baby. So, but watch this. So, now you just said ethnicity, race, nationality. Now, I just told you black became our ethnicity in 1960s. Do you know what an ethnicity How do you define ethnicity?
I don't know. How do you? I can't put it in words. No problem. And that's why I said you got the right one. So, ethnicity is just your shared experiences, your group shared experiences. Right? So, our culture, our language, uh the way we speak to each other, and our history in America. That's our ethnicity. So, we're ethnically black.
Jamaicans got a shared history, and they're Jamaican, right? So, they're ethnically Jamaican, and so forth, and so forth. So, we're ethnically black.
Now, we gave a name to that experience, and we called it black. Not a race.
Not a race. Race race is a Race is something that is inclusive to billions of people on Earth, and ethnicity is not. An ethnicity is exclusive to that particular group.
That's it. So, you got the Igbo ethnicity. That's only for them, and it's not extended to the Hausa ethnicity. They got their own ethnic group. So, ethnicity is the shared experiences, and you add a name to it so people just know who you are. We said we're black, and we showed we we showed the world our black uh experiences, which uh you know, we could talk about black reconstruction, the free blacks that was uh roam you know, out of slavery before emancipation proclamation. We got the We got the black reconstruction. We got black banks, black dollar, black black black black black. All of our society and all our affairs, we name it black.
The black dollar, black economics, black politician. See? So, everything about us is ethnically black.
So, Jamaica So, not not race. I didn't deal with race this year. So, cuz you're Nobody is Nobody's ethnically a race cuz the race is a both Again, there's billions of people in Africa that's part of the black race. There's thousand islands in the West Indies that's part of the black race. So, that So, just saying you're black doesn't tell you anything. It's a bunch of people who just fit that box who are completely different and share hundreds and thousands of of differences, right?
Different cultures, languages, and things like that. So, so black is a race, okay? That's that white people came up with uh in 1977.
Okay? So, we're talking about uh the OMB, the Office Management and Budget.
But, even with that, the the race category is a racial construct made up by racist.
So, Walter Plecker uh with the Racial Integrity Act of 1924 had introduced race to cause confusion and steal land from the indigenous people.
So, he came up So, he said, "Hey, you" which you know it's called paper genocide. He said, "Hey, you indigenous people, you are no longer indigenous people anymore. That's your That's your ethnicity, right? You're no longer that.
You're You're flat black." But, at that time, the flat black wasn't flat black cuz black wasn't around. It was the flat negro. So, he made them the flat negro.
He said, "Hey, you're just a negro."
Now, watch this. Just the Just the way black operates today, the way negro operated back then, that's everybody that's dark, right? So, the the white people went across the world. If you had dark melanin, you were a negro.
Mhm. So, again, like it it showed no specificity. It showed no um It didn't tell you who you were. It just said, "Hey, you're this flat negro." And they did that to to strip your identity from you and what belongs to you. So, by reclassifying them as negro, they were able to steal their land on paper.
You got it? So, now in America there's uh uh so, black was hijacked. It It was our ethnicity, our government went behind our back and made it a race. It so that became the new race replacing negro.
And then they threw Now, we thinking, "Okay, what does that mean?" Cuz we're the only people in America at that time who can represent black. We're 99.9% of anybody who can say they're black racially or you know what I mean uh of African descent. We're the only people in the country at that time.
99.9. The the the representation of Jamaicans was like below 1%. Like 0.0 something crazy. But, they were not There was no huge representation of them at all. Like they So, they wouldn't even thought of. So, when you said black people at that time, we were the only thought in anybody's mind for 30 years, okay? Cuz the mass influx The mass influx of these uh people these uh West Indians and Africans didn't come until like 2000. Like 2010 when they came like in the millions. So, they always had a signif- insignificant presence where they wouldn't even consider When you said black, they wouldn't even cuz they were so small numbers, they wouldn't consider.
So, for us for us, we felt like racially black meant something exclusive. We were We were unaware that it was very inclusive to everybody that got melanin, right?
So, but we still operated as a ethnicity.
Like I said, we called all our affairs black.
So, so now, it's a So, it's a race because whitey people created it and said it's a race. Racist people said it was race. But, this is hindsight. Nobody has a right to tell you what you are from afar, right? Your peon just can't go around calling people, "Hey, you're this. You're that." And you become that or this. That's not how that works. Like Like people got to accept that. People got to say, "Okay." Or they got to at least call themselves that. So, everybody in this world had identified themselves prior to being in contact with whitey people. Whitey people disrespected everybody's identity.
They went they went around renaming people. They called the people of Kemet Egyptian.
Like that hey they would stay they So, they call the people in their name, "Hey, you're not the Kemet people anymore. You're Egypt." Right? Uh the people of Kush the people of Kush in Nubia, you're no longer that. You're Sudan. Well, that's the Arabs. The Arabs renamed them, right? They they were Mali uh Guinea. These are West Africans who were renamed Sudan.
So, like so people went around renaming dark people of the world out of disrespect, not out of respect. Out of disrespect. So, anyway, to come back around. So, they're black racially just like everybody else. So, uh because it's this a social construct.
It's not a social construct. But, identity-wise, that don't mean nothing.
You So, if I said this So, the watch this. If I we in a auditorium we got 100 Nigerians, 100 Haitians, 100 black Americans, and we got 100 Jamaicans, right? And they said, "Hey, everybody black stand up."
Wouldn't it And that's And we're all that's there. Wouldn't we all stand up?
Black racially, right? But, if they said, "Hey, all right." If they said, "Hey, only the Nigerians stand up."
Wouldn't it just be 100 Wouldn't it just be 100 people?
Right. I I mean, I get that. Right.
Right. Hold on. But, wait wait you follow follow me. Follow me. So, when they say So, now they they say, "Don't sit down." So, we got 100 Nigerians standing up. Then they say, "Okay.
Um Jamaicans stand up." Now, we got 100 Jamaicans. They said "Haitians stand up." We got 100 Haitians. What name for us they're going to use to to get us to stand up? Cuz they can't say black.
Remember, black covers everybody. So, what name do they have for us for us to stand up? What name?
Black.
They can't use >> No. No, cuz cuz American is a nationality.
>> Afro-American Afro-American African-Americans >> you see >> how confusing it is? That was the goal.
The goal was to flatten black where it didn't mean anything. Because now when they try to break down the groups, everybody had a ethnic name but us.
Cuz they took our ethnic name and made it a racial term.
Right? So ethnically, Jamaicans are Jamaican. Their their their nationality is Jamaican.
And they're West Indian. They're Caribbean. And they're Yardie, right?
Everything but black. They don't call themselves black in any of their dealings. Whitey people call them that on censuses like like they do us. So only on paper they're acknowledged as black, but they don't acknowledge that in the really the regular daily affairs. Go ahead.
Well, here in America, that's we're the only place that I mean, people, you know, in in Nigeria, they they refer to like they don't refer to themselves as black or any mostly any country or no country in Africa refers to themselves as black because >> Nobody refers themselves as a racial term.
>> B, nobody refers to themselves as a racial term.
Okay?
People call you what they call themselves what they are. Go ahead.
Right. So so but we don't.
No, we do too. We're we're No, not necessarily.
Because we're all Americans. If we were, you know, everybody else refer to themselves by their country. Nigerians are from Nigeria. They they're Nigerian. You know >> tell you what. Sudanese, they're from Sudan. Wait a minute.
Ghanaians are from Ghana. You know what I'm saying? No, >> So, no, you're mixing up. So that's their nationality. Africa was the worst example.
>> So, we don't we don't identify from our our nationality like other places. No, listen.
Um Africa was was like the rare place where they don't identify as a nationality.
They they go by their tribe. So, I had I had Africans on the panel. Uh Zimbabwean, Ivory Coast, um Ugandan, Nigerian. They said when when they meet each other, they don't stop at I'm just Nigerian. They ask them further. They say, "Okay, what tribe?"
Because Nigerian don't tell them anything about themselves. And they said if you don't give the tribe, they kind of look at you funny style. Like, you know, like, "Okay, don't he he's not trusted." So, they uh are known as Nigerian when they leave Nigeria.
Right? They become this flat Nigerian.
But, in their homeland, they go by their tribes. Like, you say the Ogoni people, you say uh the Hausa people, you say Igbo people. They are recognized by their ethnic tribes.
That That's what >> They were when I was, you know, I've I've Yeah, but because they're talking to you, right? a couple times to a couple different countries, and they always identify themselves or or introduce themselves as what they are. They don't Yeah. Right. To Yeah, to the to the American woman, right? The op. They're going to tell you, "Hey, I'm just a Nigerian." Like, they're not going to invite you to some some secret stuff. Like, "Yeah, I'm just Nigerian."
Okay, but bye, American. You know, goodbye. Get out of my face. Like, that's what he on.
That's what he on. But, they their ethnicity, do we agree that ethnicity is their tribal names? Is Is their tribes, right?
Yeah, I can I can >> Okay.
So, that's why I say Africa was a bad example because this is this is the country. Most places identify their ethnicity and nationality as their country, right? So, um So, French, right? The people of France.
They'll call themselves French. That's the nationality and ethnicity. Jamaica, Haitian. So, like, most places do that.
Most people most people most countries use their Japan is Japan, right?
Ethnically and na- na- right. So, nationally so na- actually so everybody do that. Uh there's few few places where they don't they don't and uh one of them and America is the other one.
Okay. Okay.
Yeah, we don't call ourselves black >> was a lot that I Yeah.
That was a lot I'll look deeper into it.
I'll look deeper into it.
>> Yeah. Look, all you got to do is stay tuned in cuz I talk about this a lot, right? And and and like it's really the the deep the deep research is really it's a rabbit hole. It'll have you going over place, right? And it's going to throw words at you and terminologies that's probably going to be unfamiliar when you go down this rabbit hole. So, if you tune in over here, I kind of explain them like clearly. Like you said, nationality, ethnicity, then you got race, right? You got to get that clear. Then you would have something called a endonym and exonym. Then you have something called a ethnonym, right?
So, that all matters in that as well because when when white people call you something, that's called a exonym. Exos exos, that's outsiders onym is name.
That's outsiders naming you. That's disrespectful. Then you have something called a endonym. That means the people within the place name themselves. So, Igbo is a endonym, right? Hai- Haiti Haitian is a endonym. Nigeria is not a endonym. They didn't name themselves Nigerian.
The Brits named them Nigerian, right? Uh Sudan, the Sudanese people that that's an exonym. They didn't name themselves Sudan. That was the Arabs. They called them Bilad as-Sudan. Then you have um Jamaica. It was originally called Xaymaca, right? The British came over and said, "Nah, you guys Jamaica."
That's a exonym. That's outsiders renaming you.
I got you. All right. So, now black Americans Now, watch this. Black Americans, we had exonyms, too. They were colored and negro, right? Right.
>> Now, the the way the way you seek empowerment, world respectable empowerment, you have to name yourself.
You don't get any respect somebody called you something and that's what you go by. So, we can That's why we got rid of negro and colored as soon as we was fighting for civil rights. Like we we knew we couldn't take those disrespectful uh uh derogatory terms. So, we got rid of them and we said we're black and we gave a definition to black to blackness, right? That's called a endonym. So, that means the people within named themselves and gave themselves a definition. FBA count as an endonym. [ __ ] endonym. We're naming ourselves, but when whitey peoples call people Indian, that's an exonym. That's outside is naming you. So, so that matters. Now, look at looking black.
Black racially, whoever's these people that's supposed to black racially, those are exonyms. Those are exonymic terms.
That means you're black because the whitey man renamed you. You're not black because you named yourself black. You're black because the whitey man. Now, black Americans, we're black because we said we're black way before whitey said we're black with a positive definition. Cuz Dr. King already told you that um black was always and when applied to people, it was always synonymous with evil and bad things. So, that's why nobody wanted to take on that word cuz like you'd be a fool. Like that that's like a curse word to apply to people. We did the unthinkable.
What we did was phenomenal. We turned a a a uh taboo uh word that was diabolical diabolical definitions and we made it a respectable term. That's like that never happened before, ever. Cuz like ju- just imagine if a if bum, right? Bum. That is seen as a low person society, right?
Somebody who's not working, can't take for So, now who would call themselves, "Hey, we're the bums."
Like you know how hard you know how hard it would do to shake that image off you?
They'd be like, "What you say?" Yeah, I'm a B U M.
And you you going to give them change.
Now Now just imagine trying to make that change that name or let's say um a um uh a thug. Like a a thug that's not a respectable title in in like you know society.
Um or a thief. Hey, where are the thieves?
It's like, "Yeah, good luck with that one." Right. So, that's what we did. We took black that was seen like that and we made it a re So, we was laughed at at first obviously. And matter of fact, a lot of our elders didn't want to take it because of that. You know, people were re were elected. So, Dr. King made the first step out of those older civil rights uh activists. He said, "Okay, listen. I'm about to embrace black." He He made a whole speech. He said, "Hey, man. I know the uh past histories, the negative connotation associated with this word black. But we're no longer going to embr- embrace those negative connotations. We're going to go forward with our own positive connotation on this word black." And then he said, "I'm black and beautiful." Don't forget, black and beautiful have never went together ever before.
Right? You you you always black and ugly. However, like Biggie Smalls said, "Hey, I'm black and ugly." Right? See?
So, black black and the black and ugly always was interchangeable uh or syno- or they they followed each other. Even the word negro. And white people went around calling people negro, negro was synonymous with ugly, inferior, you know, animal, worthy of enslavement.
Right. So, So, now all of all of that it took me about I'm going to tell you right now it took me about a year.
It took me about a year to get right with with uh black. You know, and then we said American, right? Right. Right. American Nigerian, you see the AIN or the IAN that that suffix uh yeah, that suffix that is a demonym.
Right? So, So, Nigerian So, you you got demonym. So, that that's that's the country name. So, the country's called the United States of America. But when we make it a shortcut and hey, we're just American, that's called a demonym.
Right, demonym. So so demonyms our demonym is American. Nigerian's demonym is Nigerian, obviously.
Um so but but a lot of countries have a demonym, a shortcut version of how they call themselves, but that's not your ethnicity. It's just your Got you.
You're calling yourself by your citizenship, basically. Right. Right.
Well, okay. Well, that was that's a lot.
I mean, you know, I appreciated it, you know. Definitely gave me a lot to I took a little notes, some stuff that I want to follow up on and look into and I'm I followed you.
So, you know, yeah, I will tune in.
I I got to um get off now for this meeting, but I will definitely, you know, follow me back, but I did follow you. And um I appreciate you taking, you know, try you know, try to educate me on that stuff. Oh yeah, yeah. Now I like what you said.
That that's that's what's up. You could Okay, thank you very much. So, what I like I like those interactions because it become teachable moments, not just for her, but even for the even for the listening audience and even myself. The more I explain it, the more I get better explaining it, you feel me? Like the analogies come very easily after a while.
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