presentation at Dept symposium April 13

Added: 2026-05-21

[00:00:00]and two French scholars in 1958.

[00:00:04]Uh it simply means the expansion of any unit of translation. When we translate, we usually uh came into certain occasions where we have to uh extend the uh text or the unit to make it more elaborate to elaborate the idea or to make it more comprehendable or visual for the receivers.

[00:00:27]It uh can be defined as or it can be known as the introduction of precise semantic details into the target text either for clarification or because of the constraints of the TL and uh it is also by the very act of communication translation. It requires the translator to adopt this method to ensure smooth and successful successful communication.

[00:00:59]uh of course there are certain requisitess or necessities that cause for using this strategy. Um I have uh summarized them in two points. First some information in the text are assumed not to be part of the co cognitive story of the reader and second we have cultural and linguistic differences between the two languages systems. As we know we uh in uh translation we have two completely different systems uh that is English and Arabic though deviation might be involved in with this process.

[00:01:36]I mean the process of expansion.

[00:01:41]uh one of the most comprehensive uh classifications of this phen phenomenon was presented by cloudies in 1998.

[00:01:53]She divides uh expansion or expressations into four main types.

[00:01:59]First she talks about the obligatory uh expressations which is indicated by syntactic and semantic differences between the two languages. Then we have the optional one oration which is attributed to or ascribed to stylistic differences between the two languages English and Arabic. And then we have the pragmatic one missitated necessitated by differences between cultures. And we have translation uh inherent uh inherent expressation which is attributed to the nature of the nature of the translation process itself. when we translate we uh in some occasions we are obliged to make this uh expansion uh I will uh talk about uh here in this uh lecture about pragmatic exploitation and I have also three points to mention about this type of uh exploitation first we can say that the cont is supposed to weigh the cultural differences between the two languages.

[00:03:13]And then we can say that the target language cultural community may not share aspects of of what is considered general knowledge within the source language culture.

[00:03:23]And we uh we have here the third the third point the foreignness of some cultural elements call on the translator to anticipate uh interpretation difficulties which motivates him to interfere to provide the preventive cure. All of these points or reasons call upon using expressation.

[00:03:48]I have few examples uh which are taken from the research that I presented to the uh college journal and it was published recently.

[00:04:01]These examples are uh taken from uh short stories u translated by one of the uh translators online. Um and uh in the first three points we have three sentences. Um uh he wears rabbit, he eats rabbit, he likes rabbit. Probably the three uh sentences uh are quite acceptable and have no interpretational constraints in English.

[00:04:35]They on the other hand in uh Arabic language require contextual enrichment or addition to make them semantically and conventionally appropriate in Arabic.

[00:05:07]expansion.

[00:05:34]Uh we mentioned earlier that there are certain uh cultural terms or expressions that the listeners might be or read might not be familiar familiar with.

[00:05:48]word that we have the cape probably I mean not all the reader know what cake is but consulting certain references and uh uh we find that the also we have the We have the name the addition of the term.

[00:06:30]We have also the water.

[00:06:41]We have the Grand Canyon.

[00:06:44]Okay.

[00:06:51]To of the subject I have made certain concluding remarks. Um there are there are simply four points.

[00:07:01]Um using expressation is to clarify an image portrait in the portraying the original. Okay. Then we can uh by using explicitation explain or identify the nature of some terms just like we have done in the previous examples. Of course uh one of the other important points is to facilitate perception and interpretation of implicatures and uh we have uh to make uh also to make the text more stylistically and uh statistically appropriate in the target language and this is the end of my presentation. I thank you for listening.

[00:07:42]>> That was Mr. Kam.

[00:07:44]Thank you for this interesting scholarly lecture. I should perhaps thank all those who have been invited to give a talk at this conference and especially those who have come or have taken the trouble to come to go all the way through and to come to this place to take the trouble to come to this place.

[00:08:06]I now declare the session formally over