Near, Close to, Next to, Beside, Nearby & Close by in English

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[00:00:00]What is the difference between all of these words? We're just talking about physical distance. Let's imagine that we want to go to a school and we want to know where the parking lot is. Near and close to mean the same thing. It is not specific. If I say parking is near the school, it might not be directly next to. There might be a street and then parking across the street. It could be in any direction from the school. So, it could be in front of the school, behind the school, on the sides, way over there. By is very close. But again, it's not precise. So, if parking is by the school, it could mean directly, like the next space is the parking. Or it could mean a block down, or across the street, or behind the school, or two houses down. Next to and beside mean the same thing. This is more specific. They're touching. There's not a building in between, there's not a space in between, it's right next to it. With beside and next to, it's only on the sides. All of those are prepositions. That just means that a noun has to come after. Parking is next to the school. Nearby and close by don't usually act like prepositions.

[00:01:23]They usually act like adverbs. The sentence structure is different. There's parking nearby. No noun follows. There's parking close by. No noun follows. It's kind of like a short way to say the same thing when the context is already known.