10 мая 2026 г.

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The Bhopal Gas Tragedy of December 2, 1984, in Bhopal, India, resulted in 3,500 to 16,000 deaths when methyl isocyanate gas leaked from a Union Carbide pesticide plant. The disaster occurred because three independent safety systems (emergency alarm, scrubber, and flare system) were simultaneously disabled—each decision seemed reasonable individually, but together they created a catastrophic failure. This case illustrates how complex systems can fail when multiple small, seemingly rational decisions accumulate, demonstrating that system safety requires holistic oversight rather than just individual component reliability.