Simple trick to get hybridization of molecules and ions

Added: 2026-05-05

[00:00:00]Simple trick how to identify hybridization for any kind of species like cations and annions. So it is the formula number of hybrid orbital is equal to/ into v + m.

[00:00:17]It is for neutral molecules and for ions hybrid orital is equal to/ into v + mus.

[00:00:26]So what is v? We here number of valency electrons. Valency electrons means we get simply directly by group number for every central atom. Group number is equal to its valence electrons. See like this. For boron third group valence electrons three. For carbon fourth group four valence electrons. Nitrogen fifth group five valence electron. Sixth group six valence electron. Seventh group seven valence electrons. Like that. And M means number of monoalent atoms.

[00:00:57]Monovalent atoms means hydrogens and all halogens they give or they form one valency and C means charge of cation.

[00:01:06]For every cation we should take negative charge of the cation. That means for example if +1 we should take minus1 plus2 means we should take minus2 and a means charge of anion. So anionic charge we should take positive. So plus a minus c. See for example CH4. So number of hybrid orbitals is equal to formula. It is a neutral molecule half into V + C.

[00:01:30]So half into V means fourth group carbon four valence electrons and monoalent atoms are four. 4 + 4 by 2 that means four. So your answer always in between 2 and 7 for hybrid orital. Two indicates 1 p orbital that means sp 3 means sp2. 3 four means sp3 5 sp3d 6 means sp3d2 and 7 means sp3d3 for example see carbonate ion hybrid orital is equal to it is anion that's why I use this formula v plus m minus c plus so valence electrons four monovalent atoms zero cation it is anion cation charge zero and anion charge minus2 means we should add +2 4 + 2 6 by2 3 means sp2 to hybridization. So that is the very simple trick to identify hybridization of any molecule whether it is a neutral or annions or cations whatever it is it is the simplest process to identify the hybridization. Ves.