Classification and biomarkers of gastric carcinoma

Hinzugefügt: 2026-05-21

[00:00:01][music] >> Gastric carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, ranking among the highest in incidence and lethality.

[00:00:13]It is a complex and heterogeneous neoplasm influenced by the interaction of genetic, environmental, and [music] host factors, which explains the variability in its clinical behavior and therapeutic response.

[00:00:27]Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances, a significant proportion of cases are diagnosed at advanced [music] stages, directly impacting overall survival.

[00:00:39]From a histopathological [music] perspective, the classic Lauren classification remains a diagnostic cornerstone, [music] distinguishing between intestinal and diffuse types with clear differences [music] in progression pattern, aggressiveness, and epidemiological profile.

[00:00:58]Meanwhile, the WHO classification broadens the morphological spectrum, [music] including variants such as tubular, papillary, and mucinous adenocarcinoma, poorly cohesive carcinoma, including signet ring cell carcinoma, >> [music] >> and other less frequent subtypes.

[00:01:18]Regarding biomarkers [music] with established clinical applications, HER2 status plays a central role.

[00:01:25]Amplification or overexpression of this tyrosine kinase [music] receptor, more common in intestinal gastric cancer, is assessed using immunohistochemistry [music] and in situ hybridization techniques following standardized scoring systems.

[00:01:43]Thus, the integration of histological classification with molecular characterization and the evaluation of specific biomarkers currently forms the basis for more personalized medicine in gastric cancer. [music] >> [music]