Ethers act as Lewis bases by donating lone pairs of electrons to electron-deficient compounds (Lewis acids) like BF3, forming coordination compounds; this same property stabilizes Grignard reagents by coordinating with magnesium. Ethers react with hydrogen halides (HX) to form alkyl halides and alcohols, with the smaller alkyl group preferentially bonding to the halogen; with excess HI, both alkyl groups are converted to alkyl iodides. Ethers also react with concentrated H2SO4 to form alkyl hydrogen sulfates and alcohols, and with PCl5 to form alkyl chlorides.
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AB SirAdded:
next sita forms a coordination compound where ether acts as a lewis base blue facings compound which is a pair of electron donor in the previous example just now you've seen it in the previous reaction your Senate that option is donating a pair of electrons to a particular compound which is having deficiency which requires electrons so here I'll give you an example like c2h5oh c2h5 last bf3 now you know be a three b CL 3 LC or 3 its axis of art Lewis acids it is a Lewis acid it is have a deficiency of electrons so you can say how sad it is efficiency now let us come back to the basics boron is having how many electrons in the outermost shell 3 it combines with three fluorine atoms that means it gets three electrons from three flowing total how many electron boron is having now in the outermost shell six three of its own and three gets no free fluid how many it is six how many it should have a given compound how many it should have in our promotion I have to plate around it is there having a bit you know that's it so hey this is having deficiency of electrons is having six electrons in our commercial given amici attacks is a Lewis acid what it done so for that particular purpose what will happen yes see c2h5oh c2h5 it will donate a pair of electrons to bf3 and it will form a coordination compound this is one as a coordination compound you'll be saying now are you teaching a chapter that is coordination chemistry at that time you'll be slinging details that's next you know that that during the formation of grignard reagent ether is being used all right what why it is being used ether I told it during the formation of grignard reagent are mg ether is being used the question is why because grignard reagent when it is being prepared in the solid state is highly explosive that is that means it is highly unstable in nature in presence of the ether that is inert solvent all right grignard reagent gets stabilized you can I say grignard reagent is when it is being prepared in the solid state is highly unstable highly explosive in nature definitely the one which is uncirculated it is explosive that's the meaning isn't it now when you are preparing grignard agent in presence of ether but that is already ether is been used during the preparation of the knowledge if you don't use it will be highly explosive it will be highly unstable with non region that is rx plus mg will give you is really highly unstable hence ether is being used what is the function of ether there it access stabilizing agent it stabilizes grignard reagent it stabilizes grignard reagent how CA so what I am doing is Here I am taking two molecules of ether c2h5oh c2h5 plus r mg x this is no big Nagaraju now see what is going to happen what is the product c2h5oh c2h PI put it here below I'll write it down another one C 2 H by 4 C 2 H bath all right here I will write that is our mg X now auxin is having to load this option is also having to load so one lone pair it gives two magnesium another lone pair it gives to another permission all right here this ether it gives a lone pair of electrons from Bishop dysentery gives a little bit of neutron to this medication sorry and hence it forms a stable but it can sit compound in this way the grignard reagent has been stabilized by alright it is being stabilized by either now you say so how oh yeah now let us just draw the structure of grignard reagent really count it now okay will count it and seat now see straight channel look at the order gonna say board properly and see magnesium is having before this pair of electrons it donates got it before this pyramid magnesia is having how many electrons in the outermost shell ah 1 2 3 4 let Nichkhun see 1 2 3 4 all right two electrons from this oxygen how is it is 6 again 2 electron from this oxygen however it is 8 it is still it becomes 7 minutes ago because there's a McCoy electrons now in our ocean before this to it comes from this 2 and this 2 here so now to later on so this oxygen to the problem this option hence it becomes still in this way grignard reagent is being stabilized by iike but it where Eva acts as a Lewis space and it also forms a coordination compound is like this you can see it comes a coordination compound yeah okay so in this way we can select next iike will react with halogen assets correct it will react with halogen assets Veta like c2h5oh CH 5 plus a child old because that in the cold suit what is going to form it is going to form nothing but C 2 H 5 CH c2h5oh c2 expenses crying oh it is H but it another one are you ready do h5i that's idiots fight fight yogurt finished no you can ask me sir suppose you're having an unsymmetrical ethers ccs 3o c 2 h 5 plus a child same thing cool what is going to happen what is going on here in this case which alkyl group is going to go with a college exam each one will form alcohol always remember in case of unsymmetrical ether that is the carbon the alkyl group having the least number of carbon atom will always go the halogen atom the electron I do depriving the least number of carbon atoms always show that originated of by because halogen atom a smaller in size I'll kind of a smaller in size the bond length will be smaller if the bond length is small the bond will be more stable in nature for that particular please so hence stage 3 I plus c2h5oh I hope you got it now if I take here that is hot what's gonna happen here if I take your heart like c2h5oh sidwich v + H I that is hard it is to be taken in excess and it is what means ethnically it'll be axis then what are you going to get it what I am going to get X essence let us say to each other but I am c2h5 will this video try to react with I to form 2 CH Phi I plus what I am going to get here two hydrogen oxygen what is that water that's it suppose here it is ch3 same thing since 3i plus if it's by watch we are going to get signals so in this way with hot body excess we are getting this for another ya know next after that here is c2h5oh c2h5 if it reacts with the IBEW h2so4 okay under that is sorry are there pressure now to him what is that you brakes to support what is that it is so super it is nothing but HOH water mania a little bit of acid is it a tandem that's just what we saw here eating partner at some value tricks to suffer the Sun and it shows of course added to it it will come tell you this is over so basically the elixir Soviet in smart this water on so hence what I am going to get it nothing but two molecules of c2h5oh because Daniel extra superb means what I am going to write it here take off I'm writing here but HOH that it takes us about mix HOH that's it necessary so hence into h 5 h plus in which language what it now in this so with daniel textures of all you get it now that what she can see if I take context to support concentrated x2 suppose if I take it but I but it's going to happen h2 is so for calm concentrate what is going to happen in this case you are going to get see c2h5oh calm its to support means you can write it as H H s so you can write it as H a chisel where you know that due to the presence of oxygen or situation is negative so hence this will be positive and here H will be positive and hso4 minus is negative all right o situation is negative this is C 2 C 2 H is positive here H is positive and it is now tell me where is on Yavin definitely c2h5oh - we'll go with h2 form c2h5oh and this video H file will react with Texas over man but this is positive this is negative all this positive negative will form C 2 H 5 H and so for the high hydrogen sulfate okay listen carefully if I take here excess of count extra support excess then I am going to get only if I I didn't suffer too much it's two molecules or C 2 H 5 inches of water a minute if I take here excess of calm h2so4 excess means two molecules of extra support in that case I'm going to erase two molecules of C 2 H 5 HS support the tire hydrogen sulfate two molecules I'm going to get ya so this reaction we got it next one you will move to I hope you are following this but in all the cases we consider conditions is there in all the cases this only proves that ether is less reactive in nature already this only proves that ether is less reactive alright now we will see that when c2h5oh v Allwright is boiled with water boy so I'm taking water and boiling it but I am going to vary too much it's off CH 5 o HC City we're trying o then H and C 2 H 2 molecule subsequent 5h I'm getting it yeah now the I feit Iike c2h5oh v + PCL 5 you know that I've always said that he will be getting pocl3 there's a compound sorry product C but here it C is not really for me because I didn't do something both the side I can't cook is there so hand side you see there to glory 3 growing goes so how many chlorines like to Chloe and how many times you two so what did I get - c2h5 CL okay now the next in next thank you very much
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