This lecture covers essential concepts in cyber security including various attack types (Denial of Service, Buffer Overflow, Malware, Ransomware, Phishing), defense mechanisms (Encryption, Ethical Hacking, Firewalls), and access control methods (Logical and Physical). It also explores cloud computing service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS), their benefits and limitations, and introduces blockchain technology with its decentralized ledger structure, consensus mechanisms, and smart contracts for automated contract execution.
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L2. SEC: F Data Analytics | CMA US PART 1 | MAY/JUNE 2026 ONWARDS | UNIQUE GLOBAL EDUCATIONAdded:
Hello! Hello! Hello.
Yes, I am telling you to send me the link.
To the children.
Hi Hi Hi Hello! Hello! Hello Yes brother, I am asking you to send me the link.
Same is the same, yes let's go ok Yes sir, how are you? Yes sir, how are you?
How are you dear? How are you? So see you tomorrow Had completed till the seventh chapter. Today We begin with the eighth. So today your target We will keep that from 8 to 134 then the major will be over Go. Do the analytics part the day after tomorrow.
I will take it. Okay, right?
Come on let's get started.
How are you all, brother? How are you? Let us go come come come come come come come Come on come on let's start friend. Start We do. Come on, everyone come on.
I have come Worldliness Baba, leave everything behind Come to pick up the Khatua wale at that turn of Ringas.
we we Baba, please take me away from this world now.
Come here Khatu Wale at the turn of the Ringas Come to pick me up at that turn of Khatu Ringas.
Let's get started. Everyone is coming. Isn't it?
He is coming in two minutes. went to drink tea It is of the day. Now cyber attack. they come By then I had finished at least one chapter.
[Laughter] It is a very small chapter. Cyber attack. Let us go Yes. Come come.
What happens in a cyber attack? See. Cyber Security Involved Yes Aman how are you? Come Go see what the cyber attack says.
That this speaks to cybersecurity involvement Protecting Internet Connected Networks Devices. I mean, look at your cyber attack.
If it happens then you have to be careful about that too.
Will have to. If you don't take care of him is also messed up. So cyber security Involve Protecting Internet Connected network Devices and data from cyber attacks. Gave Attacks M2 Why are these attacks carried out?
So that you can get access. in your data Get it teased. Destroy your data Take it. Your data within your data Disrupting your business by entering Give. Okay, right? Because your business The operation stopped. If work stops then compete Who also benefits or those who are hackers There is benefit. You will get a lot of money. even once That happened in our company. malware attack It happened. There was a Melawar attack. two days of our There was an impact on work also. No doubt our There was an impact at the global level. this is Something they have charged some amount, right? So Some organizations including us have also I did it on So, extortion is a criminal offence using force and Threats to Demand Money and Property. Is No? This is a criminal offence. in a way They ask for money. Hackers. hackers mean Individual Aiming to Harm and Have Fun Without financial motive. something happens Those who enjoy it. Okay, right? It’s fun Without any financial object. generally Everything happens for the financial object only.
Some. But there are some. These are the Hackers. Okay, right?
Hackquist Hacker with Political, Personal and Religious Motivation. Come on, come on.
This is the next chapter we are going to read.
It is very easy. I thought you would bring me some tea Till then I finish the chapter. But you come He left on time. Look, it's okay.
Come see, this chapter says it all Look at that cyber attack. Cyber attack means What? They would attack your data.
Isn't it? Attack your data Aren't people? That is cyber attack. Why We do? So what happens? We can take the money.
Isn't it? One is like the sky. to whom what It happens that let's do something adventurous. For them I don't need money. He doesn't want money.
He needs entertainment. What do you want? I hack I am doing your system. Why? My It is fun to. Isn't it? so they are called Hackers. They are called hackers. Individual Aiming to Harm Have Fun Without Financial Hurts Object. whose object is to take money Not there. Why are they hacking? So that Can damage your system.
Then comes Havits hackist hacktivist whose political personal And there is religious motivation like What do terrorists do in India?
companies of India or India of causing harm to organizations If you try, they hack, so give Are hack hacktivists whose political personal Or cyber has a religious impact Criminal Attackers Who are cyber criminals?
Have you ever heard of malware attack?
Malware attacks are what they are.
To take money. to de r cyber Criminal. What do you call them? Cyber Criminal. Just keep in mind that these What do you say so that you know.
Hackers are those who have some financial There is no object. activist who which are political, personal, religious Hackers hack for a reason. employees Employees can also hack the system. They Disrespect the company and respect them Not found. So that's why he can hack it.
Are. This more malicious staff can be Support systems and steel insulation can be stolen Are. Can be hacked. Okay, right? Compete He definitely competes. Cyber Attack Two Steel Data and Harm Companies. Okay, right?
For example, suppose Britannia and its What would Britannia do if it competed with Parleg?
Is? Gets Parleg's system hacked.
Right? He wants to remove his information. Right?
So they are competing and foreign states are other Country People from other countries There are companies of hackers from other countries There are those who get hacking done inside India.
So that they can be competitive Can the company get an advantage or suffer a loss?
through rare some nation may Target companies for further disruption so that The business can be stopped. Do you understand? Now Now comes the risk for those who have come to cyber What should we do if there is a security risk?
Needed? Cyber security risk that has arisen What should we do? Look at all of this I am telling you all about them in detail.
Am. First Denial of Service and Disturbed denial of service attack. See Hackers overload. What happens in this? Listen You just have to listen to this. Brain There is no need to put anything in it. if it comes Jaye Denial of Services and Distributed denial of service attack.
What happens in this? Hackers can hack your website It overloads. You sometimes hear The website crashed. Is it overloaded or not?
The traffic arrived. So the one which is unnecessary There is genuine traffic and there is Not genuine, I mean just a dummy dummy Traffic. Okay, right? For example, suppose if take sometimes you know let's say What do some channels do on YouTube?
genuine How many viewers are there? How many do 10 show?
1000 Isn't it? Meaning they are bringing dummy traffic.
Dummy traffic is being brought. That is the dummy Traffic is directed to the website so that it The website could not bear the burden and crashed.
Lets do it. Ok? Servers with traffic generating It crashes and slows down. This is its this Went. What happened? Denial of Services.
Bus buffer [nasal sound] Overflow attack. Attackers send too much data to A System Causing It to Crash and Giving Give them a chance to control it. Chance to Control It. A hacker sent more information than logged In from then login form can handle like It happens, fill the form, fill the Form one, many users came one Many forms have come, what is the site even after that It happened, it crashed, so it's okay, right? So that is.
Buffer overflow then man in the middle attack a Hacker Secretly Intercepts and Reads the Data Sent between the two people today I mail to the sky If I am sending it then what does the hacker do?
He is reading all the mails to see who is sending messages to whom.
What is he sending right, okay, isn't it, an attack?
Which one is it? Man in the middle attack. Understanding Are you getting it? Ok? Here they all are.
Then comes the password attack. Hacker Try To Guess your password. remove your password Takes. The system through which you come You can identify the password. Right?
That is the password attack.
By attacking the password you have destroyed its entire Got access to the entire file. Melaware Attack. Malware attack means something is wrong The software put your virus inside. They what hacks the entire system and You have its encrypted key. Value Look what I did in your company Gave? Installed malware software. His To encrypt means to open it that I It is nearby. So now you can't open it.
to the system. So I will call you Brother, if this is your system If it has to be made operational then $1 lakh $1 lakh crore Please deliver it to me. $1 trillion dollars in So I am talking about a big amount. yes I ask It must be. So many big companies even my This has happened in the company also. Once the mailware is ready Attack Our company is a US based company Is. So it happened there. So two days Our system was completely stuck.
Due to malware attack. Okay, right? So We also settled the matter by paying some amount.
I did it at that time. Had to give it. harmful Software That Steal Your Data. means something Had to give it. Some by ourselves and our team Tried and recovered. Sara Harmful Software That Can Steal Your Data, Damage It Your System and Take Control. Your entire Control of the system would be transferred to them.
Is. This is malware. Ok? comes again It is ransomware. This is also the same. Type of Malware That Looks at Your Files and Asks Money To unlock them. Ok? Zero Day Exploit Hackers Take Advantage of Unknown Flow in the Software Before Developers Can Fix Them. A New bug. Guess what happened? your web A new bug sent out of the browser Went. And hackers use it to install spyware Before the update is released. Okay, right? Zero De exploit means what did the hacker do?
Bug inserted. Do you ever go there?
If someone reaches the wrong website then it is wrong Accessing the website has hacked our system It happens. You know it happens that the virus comes Will go. Hey, sometimes we go to Google.
Are. Hey man, I downloaded this. download What are some of the things that go along with it? Bug.
Yes, viruses. They are called bugs.
Technical issues. They get created.
They are called zero day exploits. And Pay Per Click Abuse. on your YouTube You see, it comes pay per click. Now you have What did you do? There are some people who Dhana Dhana Dhana Dhana Dhana Dhana Dhana Dhana Pe Let's click. So now it's your liability It will start increasing, right? If genuine customer If it were so, suppose there were 100 viewers, then in that Would have taken 10 clicks. Now here he has deposited Rs 1 lakh Add exclusive customers and earn 1 lakh per pay per It clicked. So you have so much money You will have to give it, right? Do you understand?
Suppose you have a YouTube channel.
You wrote on your YouTube channel Let's say if 1 lakh users click on it Then you will have to pay the money. I understand What is it? Ok? you on that Advertisement has been placed. So now I What did you do? I over you I have 10 to put on financial burden Throughput of 10 lakh undemocratic customers What did you do? Got it clicked on it.
Didn't do any purchasing. Pay Per Click You will have to give him money, right?
It just clicked. means ungenuine speaks compete and bots bots nowadays AI Because of your online ads repeatedly to Waste your advertising money. Your money.
Logic bomb goes waste Hidden Code in the Software That Activates under certain conditions to damage the system What is a logic bomb inside a system?
What do you do if it is put inside you?
A bug has been introduced. A bug means an error has been introduced.
Bug that damages your system What does it mean, it is a worm, put a worm in it.
given which can damage your entire system Gives. Tampering, spraying, unauthorized change to the system file data of for the malicious Purpose that is tampering. Then comes Copyright. It says illegal coping and Protect and Using Protected Content Like Music, movies and software do it all.
Isn't it a modified version? Pre-Review of the movie Everyone has a version these days. So that's copyright.
Infrigment. And fishing. Pishing. Pishing Meaning what happened? Fraudulent emails. You You see, a mail comes saying you want ₹1 Lakh. How to claim please open the mail and Click on this. As soon as you click, you will be shocked.
Will go. This is pishing. social engineering Meaning what happened? Tricking People Into Giving Away Confidential Info by Pretending to be someone trustworthy. Oho I am calling from Airtel. you yours Get the verification done quickly. hey i I am a policeman speaking. quickly Get it verified. What is this? Social Engineering happens nowadays, right?
Dumsters Digging Through Trash to Find Useful information like password customer Records and internal memos someone goes through a Companies Garbage and Find Old Print Outs With the employees' login information. Okay, right? it He says that whatever is yours, you What do you say is it put in there? delete It's done, dumped, right? To recover it.
Understand from that what the story is going on. from him Extracting data. That is Damster Doving. Let us go This is the end of one chapter for you.
Chapter number at end.
Now come on the next defense. Now it speaks If there is such an attack, then the defense will also You should do it together. how will you do it Defense? How will you defend? Tell.
Hey, tell me.
encryption, ethical hacking, so that fire There should be walls. So this is what we will understand.
Wait a minute.
Come on, let's see what he said.
What will you do for this? Encryption.
What does encryption mean?
In code language. very good. Protect Both stored and transmitted data from Hacker. Even if the hacker gains access to Encrypted data. He may also get your cannot read the data because it It is encrypted. He will not understand.
It is in code language. So It Remains Unreadable without that. As long as you are in it That you will not put it. Isn't it? Description Key If you don't put it, it will not be visible to you.
But I have the description. that is He doesn't have it. So what can you do yes? You can encrypt your data.
You can protect it by encrypting it.
You know whenever this Indian Army If the vermin do any communication It is in a code language. Your Even if you pass that paper, you will understand They won't come because they know it.
What does it mean? Do you understand? that is Encryption. Then comes ethical hacking.
What does ethical hacking mean? one then There are hackers who are bad. would have been one There are hackers who are good. like bad To stop a hacker, you also need to know that hacker.
You need a brain. So brother, good people too Needed Look, understand this, terrorist Spy on yourself to stop the activity It is also needed. So this is a spy. This is Spy. If someone is doing something wrong, he We have a detective to stop it. He He is an ethical hacker. I am an involved expert Simulate attack on a system. who does what Is? Let's try attacking the system. Correct Is? Our system checks that it works properly Is he doing it or is he not doing it. No, and if If he is not doing it then he finds a way out.
How to stop it. Okay, right?
Because if suppose some wrong person attacks Before that, we should update our system ourselves.
Check it thoroughly. That is the ethical Hacking. They use this method as the vulnerability Testing and Penetration Testing.
Scanning Network System Applications For the security flow. They check it.
There is no security flow. flow means any What do you say? Loop fall yes any gap then There is no activity and then what happens Penetration Testing Actively Attempted Attacks Attempting to Exploit Vulnerabilities to access the impact and they see brother We will attack and see if anyone Impact is not coming, that will be the Know about penetration testing of fire walls What happens is that our systems To gain entry into the network of What they've done before is create a firewall.
I have put up a wall, a type of wall which Enter, if you enter then it will show you there will restrict Yes, fencing has been done, in a way, fencing.
It's done, let's put up fencing at the house.
Not if anyone comes climbing from above Bhaiya, something will bite into his hands.
fencing so he also made a software I have installed a firewall, this is what happens Traditional fire walls and X generation fires WAL uses packet filtering to monitor Bhaiya, whoever comes in will be flagged.
Stop unauthorized access coming from you Would you ever see what was there in our companies?
Some mails used to come, some mails did not come. because There was a firewall. So we have allowed that this These mails are coming, let them come. This way of Mails are coming, stop them. like your It happens that we block numbers.
To. If you are getting calls from this number then Block them. It comes down to yes and no. Plus + 05 something like this comes out. block it like this To the numbers. +91 is coming let him come. We You can also do it. So this is the firewall. an you Put restrictions.
Ethical Hacker Yes Hacked Mind Hacked This mind has been hacked, it has been hacked now.
Ethical hacker is called legal hacker It happens that he is called an ethical hacker.
Don't look at those who work against the country.
Terrorist who spies to save the country He is doing the same thing that terrorists do.
He is an ethical terrorist, yes he is ethical.
It has become legal, which means ethical.
Done Spy The movie was Na Re Spy Yes Now let me tell you what is the access control?
Access control? One is logical access Control, a physical access control. See So what is logical? From software.
So what is logical? From software.
By locking it physically. Hey someone enter Don't let me come into the building. So access Control. Now it tells us how we Control? It says lock and key for Both the physical workplace and your computer System. The Help Make Sure You Only Have the Right Only people have access to sensitive data yes. So, you will say how to control it? So There are two ways. One is the system system With the help of and a physical. So it is logical Went. put some controls in the software and Apply physical control. Okay, right?
Control access to digital systems, files, Email, software and control to building, Room and hardware. Like our IT professionals There used to be rooms, unauthorized in IT rooms No one could go. Only IT The guy could have gone. Right? So, enter that Can. He was the only one who had access to the thumb. Balance I had no access to anyone. So, this is one Physical control was achieved. And as we Do you put a password or is it HR data?
Who has that access? Only for HR people I will get it only. So the finance guy can also go and search If he wants to do it, he will not get it. To understand Are you coming? So what happened? logical Access control and physical access control.
Logical Access Focus on Managing Who Can Use the company's systems and access the Sensitive data. Simple. This software There is control. Isn't it? Control over the system Which person in the system has which data will get. That will be the logical access control.
Effective Logical Access Control Identify Authorized User He does it and then gives him access.
As soon as you click on this, it will be yours Will check fingerprint. If your If you don't have a fingerprint, you don't have access.
Will give. Okay, right? You are in those big movies.
You see that on your CCTV, right?
Eyes checks the retina. If it is retina then it is logical access control. Ok? Two Restrict the data only to authorized User one and more of the following strategy.
Now it says Logical Access Control you How can you give it? Something you know, something you R and something you have. so something you know So now go and enter the password. means yes You know the password. Meaning the password We will give access to whoever is putting it. otherwise Will not give access to anyone. In mobile What is? Something you know. The logic is this one.
There is logical control. But something you know.
Password that you know or PIN number that you Do you know. Ok? So this happened. Something you are It's you. It's you. So look at the phone, if If I gave you my password, You can also open it but my biometric I have it, you have some so something you know what you know something you R whoever you are what will happen here fingerprint face recognition and something You have your view on what happens here This is a physical item to confirm identity I took an example from this HSBC When you open an account You do it, you login, right?
You must know your ID and password.
Needed First, suppose my ICICI Bank is one I need to know my ID and password Needed Secondly, if I do any transaction If I do it, I will have that password along with it.
It comes for one. Do you know if you ever saw her of A small key comes. You have it Only then will you get the transaction done. otherwise You won't be able to do it. Do you know this or not?
Have you ever seen it or not? such a small It comes from C. small si means small Calculator. Understand it like this. small calculator It comes thin and is connected He tells HSBC bank that Brother, do you want to make your payment?
I entered the ID and password, ok, but now these six Digit PIN from here press one six A digit PIN will be generated, enter it only then Payment will be processed otherwise it will not happen The gadget is small, correct, it is small.
It is a gadget, it is just this much, right?
So something you have means if you have it Only then will it happen, otherwise it will not happen here.
Two-way authentication is a security job.
For gives a unique code 30 seconds to log in In to your company system. Okay, right? So this What happened to you? Logical access.
Something you know, something you have and something you R. Ok?
These two two factor authentications mean password Plus Security Question, Password Plus Biometric, Password Verification with Email and password plus biometric scan. He Do you know it? Two way authentication. Google Pay Does it also come? Let us go.
Now it says Consideration for Effective Logical data security. Why would this happen Is? Ensure that only the authorized user Got access. Grant Appropriate Access On Individual Needs. Maintain the audit Trail so that the complete audit trail is maintained.
Who signed in and who signed off at what time?
The entire audit trail is maintained.
and Deny and Report Unauthorized Access.
Unauthorized access can be prevented. so it It is controlled. Ok? other user Access Consideration Automatic Login or Log There are off policies. Log off all logins Attempts. We do it on our Gmail.
It is open on many mobiles.
So, for security, we log off.
Close all those that are open. log Get him out. Yes, log out. So that one Done. Automatic account expiry brother 30 We put in all our own money within the day.
No, we put everything here within a week.
All the photos had to be deleted. close it Two. Isn't it? What can you do with all this?
You can add logical access control. Now In comes physical access control. Physical Access control means lock in keys. Simple C The thing is. The lock in key is simple. To this Understand this way.
One minute.
Hi and he did not mention it Make it quickly, make two simple rotis.
Yes Ok Let's see the physical controls used to secure Equipment and premises The goal of physical Access Control to Reduce and Eliminate the Risk of Harm states that Brother, physical control is imposed because So that nothing falls into the hands of the wrong person.
Let her go. Lock it in. Okay, right? it He says that access is least expensive but Weakest Whoever has the key can open it. Hey lock it Anyone will break it. Ok? But it says Least expensive but it is very weak. key So anyone can break it. Card Access Give me the card. Whoever has something about the card If he has a card, he will enjoy it. So this also Ok. But still it can be misused.
Is. More Secure Than Key Audit Provided But lost and installed card can be used Until deactivated. As long as you give him You will not deactivate it. Ok? comes again Give me biometric access. Use Physical Tread retina handprint voice its highly Reliable but may be combined with other controls Due to its potential error rate and remote Activity Limitations Activity Like Changing Employee Pay Rates Can Be Restricted to a specific physical location Pay Roll Department Computers Preventing Remote Access Even If Passport R Stolen It says there are some things Remote activity Do not give remote access to What does remote access mean?
You can also access it, don't give it, okay So this is your chapter number nine.
Now comes technology enabled financials Transaction System Development Life Bicycle.
Okay, right? Now this will come its own system Development Life Cycle.
Cloud computing is the 13th smallest, this too.
12th Is this 12th or 13th? Is this 12th?
Blockchain and Smart Contracts Just Today I will do it till here, it will be fine.
I think till 13 yes how long It will take till 6:00 pm and the data The remaining residue from analytics will do it together Ok.
How much does data analytics involve? See I will take it once.
This is also small, isn't it? Yes, big date and this Is.
It is small by the way. It just has a large data set.
Bus. 14th is also small in my opinion.
15th This is also small. Well, according to me.
Yes. There is a last topic. He is big.
15th is bigger.
Yes.
It becomes bigger because of the graph. These This one is also small. This is just the last one yours. This is because of the graph. ok ok Is. So what do we do? Tomorrow my Mohit sir will take it as per the calculation. Isn't it? day after tomorrow I will take it then.
And then when I take MCQs, then one day I will take full day MCQs from full day morning It's okay till evening Let's System Development Life Cycle It's a Step 1 tells how the system was developed The step is telling about what happens Step by Step Process Used to Create Improve and replace and information system like A software program and company internals System. Ok? Now what are its steps?
This has to be kept in mind. I just asked for the steps She goes. You should know What are the steps? a logical You should know the sequence.
Statement First define your object do it. Okay, right? that your object What is? Define the Goal, Purpose and Timeline of the project. that you want What's up? Ok? Then Investigate and Feasibility. whatever you want for Look at the accordion. Study the Current System, Explore a new idea and check if it is Technically, Financially and Practically Is it possible? Feasible means whatever you want Whatever is your object is an object According to that you should investigate that Is what you want practically possible?
Is it feasible? Then system analysis Analyzing What's Wrong With the Current System. Look what is your object?
I'd hit it. Ok? for him you Look at your expectation feasibility.
Can this happen? Let it be possible.
What is the problem with the current system? he then Find out. What is the problem with the current system?
Is? Just think about that idea. So Analyze a What's wrong with the current system and Understand what users really need. And Then when you understood that the current system This is a problem with the current system and we If you want to do this then make a prototype.
Make a prototype. So create a rough design.
Blueprints speak of a new system Focusing on what it should do. and then his A physical design. Create a Detailed Plan. When the prototype was made, a detail Make a plan. Step by step what will be. Okay, right? Including software, Hardware, security, backup meaning Which software will be used? How will the backup be done?
What will be the hardware? How to secure do? The complete plan is available in the documents.
Should go. Ok?
[nasal sound] then develop and Test it, then implement it, and Then operate it regularly and do maintenance.
and follow-up studies. What does it mean to develop Done? Development. When you've created that prototype If it is made according to me then you make it. make And what to do after making it? his test do it. Is the weather what we want?
Is it giving the output or not?
Is. Ok? Implement it. Install the New System Convert All Data Train User And start using the system. Then you I think you should check regularly and evaluate that.
Whether the operation is working properly or not And if it is not happening then what should be done about it?
Upgrade. So The System Goes Live It Monitored and small problems are fixed.
It gets updated as needed. and then follow Up the reviews ensure this is what users say Whatever we made according to the need created from object is that object here Is it being fulfilled or not?
We have to see that here, that is the follow Up studies just a sequence you should know I want someone special in this, no, come on Steps in the Business Process Analysis Identify the process same collect most First, look at the business process once Analysis Business Process Re-engineering Remember yesterday I talked about the business process.
You should revive re-engineering today.
Complete the work you are doing in the right way Change it completely. That Will Be the Business Process reengineering.
Redesign Use technology to eliminate. Now!
Why do you do BPR? You save costs To do. Hey why isn't it working Is this it friend? Okay, right? Efficiency. O dear Efficiency means to increase the speed, To reduce costs, productivity What do you do to increase it? BPR Do you. Business Process Free Engineering. So this says to eliminate Efficiencies reduce word duplication so that The speed should be high. For example, entering the Same Data Multiple Times Is a Wasteful End Risky. So both the process and supporting The information system must be redesigned. So you What should be done? Please change it.
Change the existing system. New take Come on. So what happens for that?
First identify the process. Choose the Process Critical to Revenue Cost and Performance. Ok? Then related to that you Gather information. Use Documentation, Interviews, Research to Understand the Process. Okay, right? What Loop Falls Do to You Are you feeling it? to understand it What should you do? Do documentation, interview Do it, do the research. Then map the process. Yours There is repetition happening in the activities, isn't it? So First, your current process Identify what the current process is?
What loop falls are there in it? Understand that.
For that you will have to meet people. Many All documentation will have to be done. They What do you do after understanding? revised to you What should the process be like? Map that brother Dude, this is getting repetitive. this repetition has to be removed. So map the process map the Process. Then analyze it. identify Inefficiencies, delays, bottlenecks and Improvement and Improvement Opportunities.
And then recommended improvements. To understand Came? You designed your process.
What do you need to know to design a process?
Would you like it? Information is needed that is new to him You can create the process. You look at the map Process. What to be structured Needed? Bring that in sequence. Then Analyze it. Is it equal or not? operation whether the check is being equalized or not and Keep making regular improvements to it.
Ok? So identify the process for that Collect ination. Map the Process, Analyze The Process and Recommend Improvement. Then In comes Robotic Process Optimization. These What is? Robotic Process Optimization.
There are some tasks like Chatbot Is an RPA This is the example of RPA. some work would have been There are places where if humans work then a lot It is more time consuming and costly Looks like repetition is the same thing. Hello, how are you?
Can I help you? Oh, to say it Are you investing big money? Hi How can I help you? Well, you will get Hear here? Meaning it is a repetition work. One A man sits and says the same thing from morning till evening.
If you are waiting for that then chat with the chatbot Bring it. Your money will be saved. Right? that is RPA. RPS Software That Work Like a Digital Assistant It Performs Repetitive Computers Task Just Like Human But Faster without making mistakes, man Software mistakes can make mistakes I will not log in to websites.
Files Copy Paste Read your email Email There are some fixed mails that This reply should be sent to the email as it arrives.
So why are you making a man sit for that?
Friend, please set it so that you get an automatic email.
I understand that his reply will reach me.
Do you ever get automated emails?
have you ever tried sending emails So one comes, this is automatic mail.
No, that's it, there's no man for her.
Chatbot is available for that so save time Is there a man left, will he reply?
It is beneficial, it will only be a waste of time, RPA Doesn't replace people it helps people buy doing boring repetitive tasks so they can Focus on the more work, right?
Practical Example These Tasks Before RPA It says creating monthly transactions.
Report what happens now is a fix. These The data came. By doing it this way, you A report has to be made. oh why me Should I make it? It's repetitive work, right? From here It will pick up the data and it will be created. Automated Taxes Dona. So what happened? RPA. Ok?
Let's look at the benefits of RPA. No Coding Needed.
You don't need to know any coding.
All you have to do is press one click. all the work is done Will go. The work will speed up. Save cost Will go. Better productivity. Follow rules.
The track man does not follow the rules.
But it follows. Better Services Automate small tasks. Robot as a Service.
There will be no mistake. What are limitations?
Not always reliable. Reply to everything Can't give. Sometimes we go where Robot RPA is installed. On Amazon If you go somewhere, it happens that how can you Help you? Asks. But many questions We don't get any answer. I have felt As such? So that is a limitation. No thinking.
He doesn't have any thoughts, right? He is one The process is in progress. He is following.
He doesn't know anything. repeated Repeat mistake if there is an error in The instructions are there with errors, brother.
Will Work. If the instruction you If you make a mistake while entering, then the result will be He will also give it wrong and it will be a setup issue.
If the setup is not correct then the game is over. Ok?
So that will be the data life cycle.
Come on sir.
Come on now the artificial intelligence.
Yes. Artificial Intelligence means the same AI Isn't it AI, so what does AI mean nowadays, the things Getting Automated With the Help of electronics okay oh sorry with the help of Internet that is Artificial Intelligence Field of Computer Science Focused On Creating Intelligent Machines Specially Computer means something that works like humans.
Its AI means a simple replacement of the Humans cannot replace the full flag yet.
It can be, but yes, to some extent, it is repetitive.
If there is work, I would replace myself in it.
Are. Okay, right? that can simulate humans Intelligence processes that think like humans He can think like a human being. AI Use algorithm to execute task and sum Applications can learn from data and Self Correct It Based On The Instruction Provided. If you know the recent Many users of GPT chat in 20 Millions of users were lost. Do you know?
Why?
No, and he shifted to Cloud AI.
Why?
China has Yes, was it China or USA? China has its to the army or to the USA, sorry, the USA has its Chat with GPT to train the army Had contacted.
USA to train its army Chat GPT was contacted that people How is the behavior of Because there's a lot of chat The data has arrived.
Now you see the CGP of the sky.
If you have any question, the answer will be I will give it as per your requirement.
Ask any question about this from your chat GPT If he asks, I will answer accordingly. Meaning Chat GPT read it completely. his What is the thought process like? Who is this about every day?
I am asking? Ask now.
We will find out.
Everything will be revealed. The entire behavior of the sky You will find out from it. Extracting the entire horoscope I will give it. What is it doing? whose Asking about where? [laughter] So Brother Yes, what should I say? ask these questions It has happened to him.
Then the chatbitch says if you talk to her If you do, then do this. If you like this method Like listen further chatbity's response also So listen. He asked me that earlier today.
What should I talk about if I want to meet?
What should I give him? So Chat JPT Answers Lets you do this. If you find this If you don't like this method, please suggest another method.
Give.
So This is that is artificial intelligence.
[Laughter] Let's have a weak AI and a Strong AI.
Look, week ai, now understand here ai of ai He has given it in two ways. Listen AI A listen week ai strung ai week ai mean Did you do as much work as asked, O Mr. Call to Akash, what will she do? She will call.
And you won't use your mind too much, okay?
That happens to you Alex Alex Play this song, work as much as you ask.
It is like programming, it is as much work as asked as much work as needed to simulate humans Cognitive Functions But Is Not Actually Conscious people don't think much about this.
I will do as much as you say. Just perform Specific task based on the programmed Rule. Based on what you said This will do the work. That's it. your mind I will not apply this. I hope this is clear.
Look, Apple's Siri has arrived. RP Robotic Process Automation What is it?
Weeks AI. Brother, the day Strong AI arrived No, you will be in trouble. Chat GPD Incoming Strong AI will work in the future.
In which people have the ability to understand and think.
The capacity will be developed. Right? Yes.
Hypothetical AI That's Equal But Right Now Strong AI does not exist. I Stung AI means so entangled in your words I watched the movie Jia, that of Strong AI.
There is an example but this does not happen now. This This is just an imaginary thing. Ok No? Hey, let me tell you a story. Ah One was the MD or CEO of a big company.
Ok. He asked the AI that we will tell you How to replace? How can we replace two?
You? Isn't it? So he said, if you tell us If you are talking about replacing your I have all the details of my girlfriend.
I will send it to your wife. yes this is serious Sirius kiss. This is not a joke. seriously Is. He said your girlfriend's details.
I will deliver it to your wife. means that He is saying how can I replace you?
should I? So this is going to be even more dangerous.
In the future.
So capable of reasoning, making judgments, Learning, Planning, Solving Problems, Even Creating the Building Knowledge Independently. I mean what's going on here Will you go? They will do independent work.
Ideas for the Future Work Like Humans.
This is Strong AI. But right now it is These empty talks are not yet a reality. Understanding Did you come? So there are two types of AI. Week AI and Strong AI. Now in AI One, RPA has come into applications, Digital assistants and speech recognition.
Ok? and machine vision and machine learning I have arrived. Ok? Digital Assistance means I OT, Internet of Things, AC nowadays Internet It moves with. That Ranveer Kapoor ad comes No? Hey, I had already done 10 before coming home.
Left a minute ago. Isn't it? What is that?
I OT. Mobile phone that runs on the internet OT. What is all this? Digital assistant.
Ok? What else? wherever there is internet Yes, that is IOT. Nowadays even digital fridges Let's come. Digital parking is also available.
Fridges also come, digital parking also comes Is.
You can control it from home. Yes. So these R The Digital Assistance. It is called Internet of Things. Ok? Then comes Machine Wiz. He takes the photo and proceeds further.
such as photos and text, satellite images, Analysis et cetera. Like they come nowadays Post a photo. A complete analysis of your photos Will take. What is? What is not there next?
He will tell that is machine vision involved Camera Image Sensor Software to Automate Process by enabling routes to see used in the quality inspection in the Industrial Process Surveillance and Medical Applications applied in the Administrative Accounting Task Such Age Document Data Extraction Hand Written Text reading nowadays come na app you ah Post any photo, the dirtiest of folds If it has happened, its clear text will come.
It comes like PDF reader type, okay, that is it.
Machine Vision. Ok? Now comes the machine Learning.
AI these became its parts. be part of AI Went. What happened to the AI part? one then What happened to digital assistance? I OT.
One became machine vision. This is what happens, isn't it?
PDF reader will read it quickly and tell you He gives what is needed? How do you want it? be one Machine Learning. Ok? It speaks AI Aspects That Enable Machines to Learn From Data Using Algorithms to Predict Outcomes And improv over a time. Application in Accounting. such as checking expenses Report done, invoice paid, Risk assessment done, data analytics It's done, bank reconciliation is done. So nowadays Machine learning means the data you have He will analyze it. Invoices like you Analyzes happen nowadays. Today we speak Na account ai in finance so yours The invoice will go. He will check which party it is.
Is? What is? What is not there. OK Process do it. There is no need for a man. What is it Is? machine learning. set it in the system Given that you have to read this. This equals Is. Ok do it. Then set your standards.
Given. 4 5 6 10 Check the parameters. Ok?
Everything is equal. Process it. If that of your There is no sign in process. Sign the invoice It is needed, right? is not signed and you You have set the standard, brother.
If we have to check the sign then he will reject it.
Will give. Payment hold. Do you understand? Meaning If you provided those specific instructions and your invoice is based on that It will be checked automatically. If there is a mess He will stop it or else process the payment.
The need for man is over. That's why you say In the coming times, there is a possibility of financial No need for a human being inside the accounts It is about to happen. So it is going to happen in finance.
It is not going to happen in the accounts. Impact On accountant. Here's what they're talking about I came here. Routing Task Pay Account Can Focus on Advisory. Watch AI End Automation will now not replace the Accountant But Transform Their Roles.
Accountants do not need routine tasks To do. Pay some advice to the accountant Will have to come. You will have to come on advisory.
I mean, what did I say? role of the accountant It will be over. You can shift to finance.
It will have to happen. Must have analytical skills You. Consideration in the Institution Artificial Intelligence Reimagines Process Rather than simply replicating existing Processes considered: Redesign them for AI Integrations. Okay, right? Standardized Activity AI should be used for the task.
This tells us what things we need AI for.
Replacement of Consideration in Institution artifical Intelligence. So Standard Activities you think these are the Standard Activities. These are the extensions Parameters that we have to check.
For example, when will you get admission?
Inside big IM etc. colleges The criteria for admissions are fixed. Or If you have a job interview inside the companies If you want to give then fix their criteria Is. You must have 80% marks in 10th. 12th Let's say I should have 90% in 10th. 12th I should have 85 plus. Who is this telling about?
Am? I am telling you this about Vedta Group. CA If you are ready, it should be your first attempt. Correct Is? I have adopted these three criteria.
He filled the details in the system and Checked which has been in this criteria He rejected that one and took the rest.
What is this, this is standardized activity He closed it quickly with the help of AI.
It is very difficult to check manually Yes, full documentation data was provided.
Quality Review and Identifying Exceptions, all these things you can do with AI If you can close it quickly then this is what I am saying Where is the probability of AI nowadays?
If you can use it, then in all these things When you perform a standard task If you want to do it, use AI.
Identifying exceptions There are routine things. exception to that Please identify it and tell me. So he tells you Will give. Send 10 bills. All out of 10 bills It is beans. If one is wrong, he will say it.
Duplication bill. He gives you AI in these things You can use it. So I want to say this Is. [nasal sound] now here is cloud computing. Ok?
Remember the three around mother-in-law? Mother-in-law is all around Is.
Is it small?
They are big. We will do it slowly.
That is also easy by the way. Those big graphs The reason is load.
Yes, the last one. So we will do that the day after tomorrow.
Yes, take a five minute break, friend.
Just make it up to the blockchain. What else?
Blockchain is big So we had targeted even blockchain.
How far did the target reach?
If taken till 14 then there is blockchain in it also.
I will do it, it will be done Yes, is everyone understanding till here? So Now let us come to this chapter on cloud.
Computing.
Cloud computing Well, it means good once you read it.
If there is anyone then he is not much, he should be quick I think it will have its own blockchain.
If it increases a little bit, let's see Let's take blockchain today or tomorrow today If we take it, it will end today.
So our 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th four If there are only chapters, it will be done easily.
Even 18 is still small Yes, more 14 15 16 17 18 Maybe a little bit of a chapter in between.
is big The last graph is the last one only.
18th So which one is 18th, which one is 18th, friend?
I can't think of which one is 18th.
This is only the 17th.
Nice to see this is the 18th visualization 17 is of one page. There is no one special. 17 So only 18th is big and or your 16th is bigger. Two chapters are long. 16th and 18th 14 15 are small.
14 and 15 are smaller.
14 15 are very easy. There is no one special.
Butt is fine. Well, that makes it 15. Data Mining is fine. Which is your major here?
Will you come? 16th and 18th only, the rest is nothing special Not there.
These blockchains do it today. Blockchain Let's finish it today so that you will be free And then you will have to measure yourself from 15 to 14.
Take 18, just five chapters will be done easily.
The day after tomorrow. Come on, come. Cloud Computing. about cloud computing I know what you do? what happens it?
We say that there is neither mother-in-law nor hope around.
What is going on, why is it not working?
Near Mother-in-law Akash Around the mother-in-law of the sky Yes, it has It doesn't tell. Small pocket, big bang Isn't it brother?
Okay, are you getting it till here? What about the mother-in-law around Will you tell me what happens?
Mother-in-law around I know about my mother-in-law, sir.
Look what is this? Listen to it the local way understand. You bought a house. Ok? House But you said you found an empty house. Empty Now you will have to do everything for the house. So Server where you got everything. Place Got it. Now you have to create the data yourself.
You have to make the app yourself. All the work is yours Have to do it. Your hardware, your app Yours, everything is yours, just you Found a place to keep it. That is my double AS. It's all cloud. You in the cloud Do you know that three types of services can be availed?
The cloud guy says, brother, I have space.
Are. You made everything up. keep it here with me Give. Did you make the app? Keep it at my place. you Don't worry. What happened? Simple Eye Double As is fine. P double S arey tere ko app Have to make it. You have software for that Needed Come to my place, I will give it to you.
Create an app using my software. Understanding Came? This is PWS. Platform Age Service. Meaning I am also giving you space.
I am also providing space to keep my data.
Plus I also have that software here.
Are. Use it and make whatever app you want.
It is yours. Why does the third one keep troubling me?
I will make it for you. I have the app.
Use that. That is double AS understood That's all there is inside it So cloud computing is a method of outsourcing IT functions to increase capacity and Capabilities Without Investing in the New Is the infrastructure and software okay?
It is making you easy that you have to spend more Why you don't need to do software Are you buying it, I will give it to you, why don't you buy the app?
You are making fun of me, I don't understand.
Like nowadays, if you look at it, first zoom in on you Had to download it. download today Not required. Go to Google Pay ZM Cut Cut The cut pieces are lying there. Use it freely.
You need the ZM app, right? use this Cool. Are you understanding? No downloads No need to do it. make something of one's own Not required. We have it lying with us. Him Use it freely. According to NIST to Allow demand to access the shared Computing resources like storage, servers and applications over the Internet with a minimum Management. Now look at yourself, if your You will build a server, you will build a server room for data It will cost a lot of money to store it.
It will cost a lot, why do you spend?
Keep your data with us, that is Cloud Server I Double AS We Are Providing Space Just pay the rent, okay, I'm free.
You are my house, I have to pay rent for the empty house.
Give it to me, it's done, I double AS, hey, I I will make a furnished kitchen idea, everything is there.
You just cook the food, I have the software.
etc., you have read all your apps Make that is pee double as Hey, why are you cooking? Food is here, isn't it?
will eat you so that is as double as S double AS is A what happened They gave it to you in reverse, in this way Let me explain Infrastructure as a Service P double AS and S double AS have to be understood like this It is a little easy to connect one, two and three.
Fundamental computing will be offered Resources like servers, storage, networking Over the Internet means where you can send your data Please Keep. Platform for the Customer to Develop and Run and manage applications without dealing with the Infrastructure. you don't have to do anything Is. You can use our app. to you who Make whatever you want to make. Meaning we have Make it from the software you have available. Third is a Cloud Model Ware User Provided Applications over the Internet. You Why are you even making an application? Our Use it through the application. why Are you going to the madamari? User Don't Manage Underline Infrastructure and Have Limited Control over the application settings. Ok No? We will give it to you. Now look at this It is telling, look, it is a cloud based Software Developed by the Provider for Use Buy the multiple business?
I made ZM and kept it. Multiple Businesses Please use it. Why are you busy making your own zoom?
Are you taking it? How much will you make your zoom?
Will it cost? I understood the meaning of your zoom.
What am I saying? Why Own Meeting Software Are you making it? We have it, right? Please use it.
You don't even need to buy that.
Just use it. As many subscriptions as Pay it. Jai Ram Ji. Why did you think so?
had been? Did you understand? That is as double AS. So Common SaaS applications including ERP, CRM, Account Payroll, HR Management, Document, Server Task Management, Word Processing spreadsheets and emails. What is it Is? This is S double AS. Your email to you There is no need to make it. Our email Please use it. You have your spreadsheet No need to make it. This from Microsoft Please use it. Do you understand this? Right?
So these are the I double As, Pub S and S Double As. So come please Able AS. Alou First read I Double AS so that you can understand Will come. Anyway, you will understand. Any There is no problem with that now I PWS allow user to deploy there on application on cloud infrastructure using tools and Service Provided by the Cloud Provider While user means you create your application But we give you the tools for that, don't we?
If you want to make any software of your own, like Our company used to make software, so we What did you do? You used to buy different licenses.
We make it using those licenses, right?
He said, why do you buy it, take it from me.
I have them lying with me. As much as you use it Give me the money. Jai Ram ji. I have many All users are there. I bought it in bulk It has happened. You too can use it freely. I understand Is? So your expenses are reduced and my work is also reduced.
Done. Okay, right? So while the user does not Manage their underlying infrastructures control their applications and Configuration setting. Pass Offerings Include Operating information, operating systems, databases, Web Server and Deployment Tool. Eye Double What happens in AS? only There is infrastructure. You don't have any apps You will get it, but you will not get any support. you You will find a place. Your data is there. Bus Keep paying us its rent. provided Fundamental computing resources are Servers, Storage, and Networking. just understand Came? You will not get anything else. user Can install and manage their own operating System. Whatever you have to do, do it yourself. End application but do not control the underline Infrastructure. They may have some control Over aspects like firewall configuration.
Examples include virtual machines, storage Server, Firewall and Network Bus. So this Bolta Hai Cloud Computing Including Around SaaS Offers Several Benefits. one then There is a lot of difference in cost, isn't it? Self If you create it yourself then save your data If you go, how many years of data, so many Customer data, large server rooms Will have to make it. It will cost a lot. you There is no need to do it. Keep it with us No data. Do you know the example? Google's It belongs to Google. Microsoft Azure, AWS, Do you know Amazon Web Services? These are Cloud services.
Reduce investment, save your expenses Neither the huge investment that was to be made was saved Your automatic update is gone, now that's all I see that his main job is whatever New software will come with automatic updates You will need to buy something new.
There is no correct accessibility anywhere.
What to do first to access your data If I had a server, then that would have been from the server.
Access was now available only at connected locations.
So in the whole of India and the whole world Work from anywhere, easy access Software for Reporting and Analysis Support for reporting and analysis Cloud tools, aids in compliance, Planning, Analytics, Performance Measurement and risk management and many such tools who help you with reporting Are. Take theirs. You would have access Is. Improved efficiency. Your efficiency It increases. Strategic Role for the CFO Cloud Systems Free Up Time for the CFO To focus on strategic. First CFO I used to think how to save my data.
should I? How do I save? Now that data is for that CFO What work has been done? Focus on strategy Tax. The data is there. Save don't worry.
Enhance System Residencies Cloud Offers Better Backup and System Reliability Specially for the small and medium size It supports the business a lot. Advance Analytics for All and Stunger Security.
So these are many benefits for you.
Cloud computing has several limitations.
But there are some limitations also. Ok? it It speaks of dependence on the internet. If If you don't have internet then game over.
Nowadays it is available everywhere. then either That is not a problem at all. Cloud access You can only get it from the internet.
Is. If there is no internet, you can use the cloud.
Cannot access. Service Quality The concern brother is now about its service quality.
He lives there. Data with third parties If there is a concern about service quality remains. But everyone provides excellent service.
Are. There is no problem. Service The contract must be well structured and Provider performance must be monitored.
Security and Control Risk. Brother Data So it is with a third party. So if If he gives your data to someone then he There is a risk. Ok?
Overseas Vendor Issue Language Time Zone Quality Control Can Pose Challenges to Anyone It's useless but yes, it is given within limits.
There is limited customization available Can't customize what they have That's what you'll have to use if you use their app.
If you use it then you understand backup Timing Issue in Automated Backup Inconvenient time and lack of user control Human Factor Risks Remain Cloudy Eliminate Internal Control Weakness Strong Governance is still at the heart of the cloud There is no strong governance. Governance I mean, it is said that there is no legal procedure.
If there is any data hampered from the cloud If there is some impact, where will you process it?
Will you do it? Will you take legal remedies? Even today he Not equal. So that's one thing. So the data Governance needs expansion, that should be it.
Risk like unauthorized app download must B. Managed. and potential cost concerns.
Cloud Solutions May End Up Being More Expensive than the internal IT in some Cases. In some cases, it may work for you It may be expensive but it is not.
This does not happen normally. It is very reasonable For all. So Now We Will Come in the Blockchain And the smart contract that will be the Last unit for today. Ok? day after tomorrow Will meet. What if we meet the day after tomorrow?
do? We will do it from chapter number 14th.
Are?
Taking blockchain. Blockchain taking over Am.
We will do it later with data analytics.
Blockchain Just a chapter, Bol Blockchain Just today the blockchain is thick, it will take 15-20 minutes.
will go into it That's all I take, friend Are Tomorrow that sir will take leave, Mohit sir will take leave.
Let us go.
Hey friend, do you have a water bottle?
Near? Look, friend.
[sound of clearing throat] [nasal sound] Let us go Today it was done early, four chapters, no matter how many.
Chapters done, yes done quickly, in 1 hour I pulled out four chapters, they are small today.
It will be five today by 5:30.
And what did you put in it today, whose water?
Is Chilli has been added.
Hey, something is wrong. Drink and see. you Give me the second bottle. There is something in it.
Yes brother.
Look, you try drinking it, friend. Something is wrong.
What is it about the pot?
Where did you get the pot from?
If you mean from home then anyway see the test try it out No, he doesn't have enough to drink.
It's a bottle, friend, or something.
The other one is what are you looking at?
The earthen pot is coming from the bottom, isn't it?
The smell of soil is coming from Correct Water So it is good, no doubt, but that smell of the pot is there.
There has been a little bit Isn't it? There is something.
Yes. Are you coming? Yes. That's what I said Dude, it's something like chilli.
Yours is also made of pot.
Isn't it? This is equal to this. This is in the pot What are you mixing?
Either you haven't washed your pani puri bottle In that bottle, you have seen it for the last few days did you mix alcohol with it?
[Laughter] Such a test is coming Come on brothers, come on, let's go blockchain Blockchain and Smart Contracts Blockchain know what it is This says that none of your data is available these days.
Stays at 100% secure level Inside the blockchain. You can do any data entry You will put one in itself and it will become a new block.
will go and it will connect to its other block Will be done. Ok? now over here There is no centralized man. Any Due to not having centralized SIM No one has any access.
Okay, right? So here your data more It is secured. It is transparent.
Whatever you are doing is visible to everyone. Ok No? Meaning, like our WhatsApp group Make it. If you send any message, it will be sent to everyone.
It will look like that. Okay, right? Now you can edit If you want to do it then you have to send a reverse message Will have to. Reverse means your message as it is now You can edit it. You can delete it.
There is no deletion or editing here.
Okay, right? Until then, you will be saved from all Permission may not be granted. So now admit you're wrong.
If you have done the transaction then you will get its reversal Transaction will have to be done. This will make it happen Work.
So cryptocurrencies blockchain Distributed Ledger and Smart Contract Blockchain and the First Cryptocurrency Bitcoin was introduced In 2009 Satoshi Namakhato Nakamoto Nakamoto Whose Identity Remains Unknown Identity is still not known, so it has How many bitcoins will Bhai Saheb have?
So he must be an amazing man and who was one of the founders?
There was someone who forgot his hard drive threw away the hard drive had thrown away Brother, if not for the loss of crores then today he He would have been a billionaire, he would have been worth Rs 1 crore.
Satoshi Yes Whose Identity Remains Unknown Originally Dis P Two Pay System for Online Payment Without Intermediate, see what happens here.
You can pay online but there is no one here.
No intermediary is required for any bank.
Blockchain technology has no need for Sense Evolved and It's Now Applied in Many Other areas for the digital payment.
Now watch Blockchain Terminology peer to peer Peer Network.
What does peer to peer network mean?
A Decentralized Network Where All Computers are equal and share information Directly without a central server. To you You know, there are many systems connected to it.
and there is no centralized system It happens. What does each system do? Peacock Security. If a peacock makes a block It is secured. Peer to peer means many All the systems are interconnected. that is The Peer to Peer. Just be careful.
What does blockchain mean? A decentralized cryptographically secured digital ledger of the transactions organized into Linked Block. What does blockchain mean?
Is? Many blocks that are connected to each other They are decentralized. that Is the blockchain. Just take care of the basics There is need. There is no need to remember.
What does node mean? the computers that connect They are connected in a node, right?
goes. Any Computer in the Blockchain Network what happened? Node. Full Node Meaning what happened? Store the Entire Blockchain Validate Transactions Maintained Consensus and Subset Mining. This tells you The computers in the blockchain Used in mining. This is the business Model that you can also use as a business model You can. So it says that the store di Entire Blockchain Validates to transactions. We maintain consensus.
Okay, right? Yes, those are called full notes.
Are. LiteNotes Do Not Store the Blockchain But connect to full notes to verify and Broadcast transactions. what does node mean Done? Computertors.
Full notes to those who verify It is said. Okay, right? that which Verify transactions These are called full notes. Ok? Now it has come Distributed Ledger. Distributed What does laser mean? Maintain a database Buy each full node independently.
Isn't it? A full node that maintains the data If it happens, we call it distributed.
Laser.
Look, what does node mean? In blockchain There are many computers and data for mining, for mining, it has a Computer notes. Now every computer says this When any transaction occurs in the blockchain Yes, it is also authenticated.
A check is also done. Who checks Full note?
All transactions are checked in all cases.
That's why they are secured and authenticated.
Let's say yes ok ok ok no no It happens in everyone. It happens to everyone. This only So it happens. That's why everyone does Authenticate them are called full notes.
Ok? and light mode Do not store the Blockchain but connect to the full notes. Who says it doesn't create blockchains but Connected to verify end Broadcast transaction. to the transaction Helps in broadcasting.
Let's see consensus, consensus means a process by looking at What does Conscious Conscious mean? If you have any If you want to make changes in the transaction, then until You get 51% If you do not get the consent of the users, you can make changes in it.
Can't do it. So what does consciousness mean?
You need confirmation of 51% notes. 51% More Blockchain Participants Agree on the Validate of transactions. this agreement is necessary before data is added to the Blockchain. He says, look, listen whenever someone When data is added to the blockchain, until consent is obtained or consent is not obtained Neither is that transaction part of that blockchain.
Does not become a part. So those who consent They are called full notes. Understanding Came? Then comes cryptocurrency.
Decentralize digital assets like bitcoin Secured by the cryptography and Transfer directly between the user peers Two peers. from one system to another You can easily deliver it to him. that is the Cryptocurrencies. Public Key Cryptography to open your key You can. A Foundation of the Cryptocurrency Security says this, the Foundation of the Cryptocurrency Security Using Public Private Key Digital Wallet Satoshi Block and Mining and Proof of Work. Come on, come.
Come here. What happens to the public?
What happened brother?
This public key is publicly shared and used.
As a user's address to send and receive funds.
For example, suppose Akash wants to give funds So one will give his public that he is on the Basis of this public key you will get the fund.
Okay, right? Private Key Meaning Secret End Use to authorize transaction store a Digital wallet. which is private You have it. your password To use that wallet. Ok?
Digital Wallet Software That Stores a Enabling users public and private Cryptocurrency Transfer and Conversion It Should be stored securely offline to avoid Avoid Theft Digital Wallet Done Satoshi The Smallest units of the Bitcoin like your It is said that one rupee has one paisa, so this Money in the language of Bitcoin is called Satoshi.
goes to block a group of verified Transactions recorded in the blockchain What happens if your transactions happen They become a block in themselves, right?
Let's go. These are the blocks. Blocks R Aided by the Miners. What are mines?
Notes.
Okay, right? Hu Solve Complex Mathematical puzzles using the high computing Power and Energy. That's why he is mining There is business. Do you know? When When blockchain came, people did many things brought computers and started working Made them part of the blockchain.
Mining. So you will get a lot of money on mining.
You get good money. but in that Electricity is consumed a lot. Correct Isn't it? Mining and Proof of Work.
What does mining mean? Authenticate the same.
Authenticating transactions. that will B. The Mining. Miners come to solve the puzzle.
The First to Do So Earn Crypto Currency End transaction fees. So when you are mining If you do it, you get money. once a Solution is found other node verify it. When If you find the solution, the other node will send it.
Verifies it. If the majority agrees If you give it, it becomes part of the blockchain.
It goes away and you get fees on mining.
It is said that other needs to verify. so one All notes verify the transaction Are. then what is it? This is what this job is called Mining. And what do you get for this?
I get money. Are you able to understand?
Proof of Work a Consist Mechanism Used Buy the blockchain like bitcoin where the Minors Must Solve Complex Mathematical Puzzle. It tells you when it becomes part of the block.
Is it possible? When a transaction in the block If it comes, it is a puzzle. in a way What happens? There is a puzzle. When that puzzle It gets solved. Who solves that? it Solved the puzzle inside mining itself goes. That gets solved. then him Authenticated by the rest.
Then what will he do with Bitcoin?
Is? It becomes part of the blockchain. Him It is called proof of work. A Concession Mechanism by Blockchain Bitcoin Ware Minors Must Solve Complex Mathematical Puzzle to Validate Transaction and Add Block To the blockchain. This is called proof of work. What is the algorithm of consensus?
It's simple. Any transaction you entered If 51% majority is achieved, it means Concessions and it becomes part of your block Is. Insure 51% off more network notes Agree on the transaction validity it Prevents issues like double spending without Relying on the Central Central Intermediaries and Confirmation After a Minor Solve Block Other Notes Verify The Solution Once Majority Agrees the Block Is Added to the block chain. So that is Confirmation. I hope this is clear.
Okay, now comes Bitcoin and other cryptos.
Currencies and Other Uses of the Blockchain It says Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies.
And Other Uses of the Blockchain The Earliest Use of the Blockchain Technology Was Transfer virtual currencies. first time first time When blockchain came, its main purpose What was it? exchange of virtual currencies Cryptocurrencies to transfer to Which are digital assets functioning as a Medium of Exchange Unit of Account and Store of value. Convertible Virtual Currency Such as Bitcoin Can Be Exchanged For the real world currencies. This is what it says It is a virtual currency, you can convert it into the real world currency.
You can convert it into currency. So the first When did blockchain come into existence, in what form?
Did you come? Forms of Cryptocurrencies.
Cryptocurrency. Now gradually its use It has started happening in many places. Use of Blockchain Where did this start happening now? one of the first pennies It was in exchange. where else now Has it started happening?
Doctors' prescription The route out of the blockchain is managed.
Your school details on the blockchain The route out is managed. Smart Contracts are routed out of the blockchain Are. Okay, right? So now the use of blockchain It is gradually increasing. everywhere Blockchain has already begun to arrive. Bitcoin Is The Both First Cryptocurrency and the Protocol First The Distributed Ledger That Record Transaction on the Bitcoin network. Bitcoin refers to the digital token and Currency. Bitcoin B and Upper Case B refer To the Entire Network and Protocol Behind It. Okay, right? Bitcoin digital token Tells. And who would the elder B tell?
Is? tells Entire Network. This meditation Keep. A question will be made in this. little one b What does it tell? What does the big B tell you?
Is? Keep this in mind. You came, right? Yes.
Then comes cryptocurrency oversight.
Cryptocurrency Oversight in the US Involve multiple regulatory bodies. Now this He says that some regulatory bodies have also come up.
Earlier there were no regulatory bodies.
Unsecured about cryptocurrencies was considered. But something is the commodities.
Futures Trading Commission Overseas the Digital Currencies as commodities. So now if you were asked Which are the regulatory bodies? As To monitor our securities exchange Who is there for? SEBI, RBI. This is it Nor to regulate security.
To regulate crypto currencies Do you understand that bodies are regulatory bodies for What? If law-making bodies If any fraud happens then who will take action?
These are the bodies that will save you and help you.
For you. then the Securities Exchange Commission Insane Monitors Virtual Currency Exchanges and Money Service Transactions and Federal Banking Regulation and the US Department of the Treasury These are the regulatory bodies for the Bitcoins.
Meaning crypto currency. Are you understanding?
It says crypto currencies Anomie attracts cybercriminals. it Says root out of cryptocurrencies Crime is also increasing. terrorist activity Money is transferred very fast.
Route out of Bitcoins. Yes, a bit if the value So, do I have to take a bribe or someone else?
If you want to bribe me, give me a Bitcoin.
Have to give. First, give me the bag.
Used to fall. No bank transfer tax Can. So what did I have to do? Cash Now I have to take the bag and give it to you.
Transfer the bitcoins, you are Jairam ji's.
I finished my work. One Bitcoin fetches ₹1 crore You went to him. So this is very terrorist.
Excessive use in activities or wrong activities It happens. So Pram Printing the US Treasury Two Purpose Proposal Rule for Identifying The Individual Behind Digital. Look at this now says who was behind him who Did you make the transaction? Because it is not known Does matter. Who is sending it, who is sending it to?
Is. I can't figure out anything. The code in this It just happens. Are you understanding? Who He is sending it, to whom he is sending it, some information It doesn't matter. There is transparency, but It is not known who is sending it, to whom.
Is sending. The Financial Action Task Force Urge Countries to Require Crypto Currencies Network Operator to Collect User Activity data for anti-money laundering.
And it is also used in anti-money laundering.
Is. So Foreign Action Task Force Financial Action Task Force What have you done? Network Operator to Collect Users' activity data for anti-money laundering Laundering Efforts. Cryptocurrency Exchanges and Companies Have Countered Regulatory Effort by Launching Program And publication to highlight that the crypto Currency use in the criminal activity is Minimal. It says what are they doing?
Their object is that we Control that criminal activity At least there should be use of crypto currencies. So This is why these regulatory bodies exist. Their This is the work. they have also hired Lobbyists and former government officials To Influence the Decision Maker and Advocate For the Limiting Regulations. Now it speaks How is its taxation? Did you understand?
What are the regulatory bodies? First this told. So you should know this. Deez R. The Regulatory Bodies. Ok? Then comes How is taxation levied on this? He is now this He is telling.
How is taxation levied? The US Internal Revenue System Virtual Currency Like Bitcoin as a Property This Means Any Gain Capital Gains on the Tax Similar Way Suno For example, suppose you bought ₹00 for ₹25,000.
If I sold it, what happened to ₹5,000?
This gain will be taxed. So this Tax your profits accordingly Tax will be imposed on it. whatever Respective rate will be in your state According to him. Ok? Then comes Stablecoins. Stablecoins mean stable Coins means that brother, as much as You have bitcoins in exchange for that What will we do to you? equivalent currency I will give you the money. That Will Be the Stable Coins. Come let's see it once.
Stablecoins are cryptocurrencies that Maintain a stable value.
Okay, right? Meaning there is one coin and its value is ₹1 If it is crore then you will get ₹1 crore So that it creates a stability value it occurs. Usually packed to a flat currency Like US Dollar.
These coins are created to provide more Stable Medium of Exchange Compared to the Volatility of Bitcoin and other cryptos Currencies. For example, USDC is packed.
One One US Dollar and is packed by fully Reserved assets that are audited monthly. The Stable coin issues typically hold reserves.
Such as dollar one for every unit of stable Coin Issued. Like $1 has a value, right?
By the way, you also have the value of one Bitcoin Is. Whatever its value is, you get it.
Will go. This gives a security assurance to itself It is available here. That is a stable coin.
However, not all stablecoins are fully Backed Up By The Piet Assets. some are backed Buy Other Cryptocurrencies and Rely On Algorithms to Maintain Their Value. when the Border Cryptocurrencies Market Crash. The Algorithmic Stable Coins May Fail to Maintain Their legs and become unstable, crush hold ah Causing Holder to Incarnate Significant Losses.
Recently, US regulations have allowed banks to Form a Private Blockchain Exchange Cryptocurrencies for the Fiat Crash and Use stablecoins backed by the fiat currencies For the transactions.
Come on, just watch this for a minute.
I mean, what is this here in stable coins?
Is? I say that as if we are one USD has value, so what do we Are you doing it? We are against its value telling us so much USD so that a Redeem stability if you want it You can. I want to say stable Inside the coins Public, Private, and Permissioned Blockchains network.
Ok? Public Blockchain Private Blockchain and Permissioned Blockchain. Let's go to this Let's come.
It's just done, this is also just a smart Contract and save smart Know what happens with the contract Is?
Know about smart contracts?
For example, suppose we have five, six or ten days. our I want to buy any app or game. Correct Is? So we will say brother 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Everyone contributes USD 50 each from their side.
Ok? Someone needs to monitor Not there. We executed the contract Gave. As soon as 10 people put in 50, 50 Automatic contract execution Will go. And whatever you had to say goodbye, it should be goodbye.
Will go. That will be the smart contract.
Ok? So Blockchain Technology Goes Beyond The Digital Currency Transfer. it can also Store Digital Data and Execute Smartly Contract. A smart contract is a Digital version of a traditional contract.
Meaning, one of the traditional contracts The digital version is the smart contract. Understanding Did you come? Then we will sign it, then only The contract is made. Here, if you have your Terms and conditions executed.
All four, five or ten people should be together Not required. You do your own work In this time period. Automatically your The contract will be executed.
Written as computer code and uploaded on Blockchain. These contracts are self Execute means perform them automatically Actions like making payments. When Certain Conditions when you have met certain conditions The Blockchain Secure Infrastructure. it The code says follow if then logic if 10 Jane made a $50-50 payment contract.
Will be executed. Simple you monitor No need to do it. Okay, right? Linked to previous blocked and execute Automatically. Payments are processed in the Blockchains, Cryptocurrencies and the The contract is prefunded by the buyer. So Look at this example once, there is something in it.
Examples of the Blockchain you will find here are given. What happened? benefit of the Smart Contract Authentications Verify your identity, assets ownership and Right Use Digital Signature External Trigger Smart Contracts Can Real Word Data to Activate Specific Action Self exec gets auto executed Security is secured by unauthorized You cannot access, you cannot change Enable efficient trade execution Simultaneously and Final Exchange of Assets such as the secured and security Your transaction cost is low and fast.
Hota and Regulatory Compliances Contract Can Be Program for the Legal Limits. And this is regulatory compliance.
Meaning you are against it, it means as a You will also find legal remedies in its favor.
She goes. Okay, right? Meaning, if someone If you do this, you will also have to take legal action.
Have the right. Limitations and risks of the Smart contracts. just about to end This is it. Dependence on the data and code. data You have dependency on the end code, sir. If If the data and code do not match, your Smart contract not executing Will get it. Legal Boundaries Smart Contact are still subject to existing law and Regulation if they violate legal standards They may not be inforceable, but some still There are such cases, see on a stand paper It is written that it is inenforceable but There are still some areas where If you don't comply, it's enforceable.
It is not inforceable, meaning you cannot force it.
On the basis of this contract you can You can't [ __ ] the one that no you are buying to follow okay right now something There are boundaries, meaning not so mature.
This operational technique has been implemented at the legal level.
Technical and Cyber Security Risks There is operational risk. Lack of backup, this is not It happens. Technical coding errors etc. occurred Then the matter will get messed up. Cyber If security is hacked then the matter There will be trouble. Ok?
Then comes blockchain securities issues.
Blockchain Network Alldo Considered Secure and immutable. You can't change it But it can definitely be hacked. it Specifically smaller and less active network. One of the most common attacks 51% Attack 51% people together if change in it If you do, that change can happen. So that is the There is one issue that normally it does not happen that 51% of the people It will only be possible if we can do something together.
Otherwise it will not be possible. Okay, right? So this It says 51% attack. When the Attacker Takes Control When the attacker has taken control of more than 50% of the network If you control it, it will take over your entire being.
Can change the block. So this is a risk She lives here. How it happens? The Attacker Create an alternative blockchain. He has several Created all the blockchains and by creating the blockchain What happened? Took control of the majority.
As soon as you control more than 51% What can you do? can tamper with it yes. Venerability for in the smart Contracts. Poorly written code and bugs In the Smart Contract Can Exploit Bye The Hacker. If you properly If it is not secured then hacker is here Tampering by hacking or creating bugs Can do. As Big as Network Size Matters The bigger the size, the more secure it will be. as little as It will be that much risky because it will contain 51% It is easy to control. Let's say 10 notes.
Are. Isn't it? I put in 20 notes.
I put in two dummy 20 note notes. So How many notes are there in total? It's 30, right? And 20 out of 30 are mine. So my 51% It is too much. So the control was mine.
Do you understand? So it says small Blockchains Are More Venerable Due to Fewer Participants. But the bigger the The more blockchain there is, the less you can tamper with it.
You can do it. Large networks are more secure But Immune Attackers Can Rent Computing Power to attempt a takeover. Let's go tomorrow I mean I will see it the day after tomorrow, next 14th From the chapter. ok sir. Let us go Yes No friend, what's in the clouds?
We will see you tomorrow, friend. Leave it.
Ok
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