DETONANDO PORTUGUÊS - ORTOGRAFIA (PROFª LETÍCIA)

Added: 2026-05-25

[00:00:32]Hey everyone. Grace and peace to my people of God. How are you all doing on this 20th day of May in the year of our Lord 2026? How are you all doing? I hope so, because it's an honor, a joy, a pleasure, and a satisfaction to be with you. For those who don't know me yet, I'm Professor Letícia Lima, and I'm part of the team at Instituto Mapeando, the Giant of Piauí. Now I'm thinking we're going to need to expand a bit, enlarge the tents. The giant of Piauí is not a giant of Brazil, my people. I'm not even going to restrict it to the Northeast. I'm going to expand the tents right away because I'm the daughter of an overly generous god.

[00:01:14]I'm Professor Letícia, and I specialize in strategic preparation for Portuguese language and essay writing exams, for competitive exams, university entrance exams, tests, and everything else. For over 20 years I have been working in this field, and it is a joy, an honor, because with this purpose, I am able to witness and contemplate the realization of many dreams, many people taking on positions, seeing their names on the list of those who passed, and that is wonderful. And please go ahead and like it, okay? Oh, liking is good, you know why? Because YouTube understands that this content here is valuable, and that's why it delivers it, right? So, Brazil is getting to know the Mapeando Institute, Brazil is getting to know what's best: education. So, let's be a light in this world. There are plenty of people out there ready to criticize, let's be a light, let's spread good things. So, go ahead and like, share, click on that little button—there's a button in the live stream for you to share this live stream with someone, okay? Comment too, participate, pay close attention here, because there's a lot of good stuff for you today, okay? "Go ahead and put it there, my dogs are here, I don't know if you're listening, class has started, and they're starting to make themselves heard too." [laughs] Go ahead and state where you're from, also state your aspirations, which competitive exam you'll be approved for soon, what your dream is? That contest, that one that's right in my heart, that brings tears to my eyes, you know?

[00:02:52]I don't know if it's a uniform and I don't know if it's a court. Put it there, put it there.

[00:02:57]My Mega Cena lottery jackpot, guys, is accumulating, right? There's a lot of combinatorial analysis involved. So, I sign up every week, three times a week, Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday.

[00:03:07]And if God wills it, one day I will see my name on the list of winners of the accumulated mega-scene. But come on, come on, my people. Let's get started because I consider this one of the most important classes today. Why? Because what is most important when it comes to the Portuguese language?

[00:03:25]It's the foundation, because it was the foundation that we, I don't know, we sidelined during our schooling, because it was so boring, for God's sake. Who would enjoy a grammar lesson on a Tuesday, with only half the class time remaining?

[00:03:39]Or maybe after you came back from recess, you'd smell like a monkey that'd been slapped to death. So, for us who live in the Northeast, it's incredibly hot, it's like there's sunshine for every inhabitant. So, anyone who attended one of Aunt Sueli's classes on accentuation after recess knows, God forbid. But then Professor Letícia came along much later to bring this to you. So, if you do n't yet have a good foundation in Portuguese, if you don't understand many things, teacher, I don't need to write, relax, your problems are over. I came here to destroy this, to shatter this belief. So, it's very important that you give a lot of value and importance to these foundational classes.

[00:04:19]Today, for example, in our " Detonating Portuguese" segment, we're going to talk about graphic accentuation. And graphic accentuation doesn't just deal with little accents. I'm going to put an accent here, look. Si pó, vou colocar escento, não é só isso. It will involve word formation and spelling. So this will help you a lot with text interpretation, in Portuguese language questions, especially in your writing, okay? And it's really good when you start to understand the basics and then you move on to the intermediate level and then you go to the advanced level.

[00:04:51]That feeling is really cool, you know? This feeling of autonomy, of mastering these patterns, will be very important for you. So, today we're going to have a definitive lesson on accentuation for all exam boards. This is very important; it's not specific to a " no." Here I've compiled something that you can use, okay? For any exam board. And look, you want to prepare for any contest, except the Mega-Sena one, which I mentioned earlier, but any contest with individualized support, you know?

[00:05:24]with real teachers. You're not going to have an AI talking to you.

[00:05:28]You will have people, human beings, accompanying you. Scan this QR code here, point your cell phone camera at this QR code, this little square that's below my slide, talk to the Mapeando team, talk to them, because they will guide you on the best options for you if you want to prepare for a competitive exam. It doesn't matter if you're just starting out, it doesn't matter if you're already advanced, if you 're seasoned in competitive exams, it doesn't matter.

[00:05:53]Here, the support is tailored to your current level. And it does n't matter what level you're at, what matters is where you want to go. And look, I'll tell you something, you can get approved on your own, but it takes longer. When you have guidance, someone telling you, filtering, sifting through, what is relevant for your exam. Because when we're talking about public service exams, everything is pertinent, that is, everything relates to knowledge for public service exams, but not everything is relevant. So, if you want to know what's relevant, if you want to get ahead, talk to the folks at Instituto Mapeando and let's go, take care of it. Let's go!

[00:06:31]I often say here that only motorcycles get a break. [laughter] Let's go then, everyone. Look, first, a challenge for you. I want you to tell me which word(s) below accept(s) an accent. We have accent marks here, okay? Here we have the word cashew, we have the word beehive, we have the word Saci (a mythical Brazilian creature), and we have the word secretary.

[00:07:03]Time. That's it, time's up.

[00:07:10][laughs][sighing] First thing I'll tell you, cashew doesn't have an accent.

[00:07:15]Imagine that you're going to put an accent mark here on cashew. I'll put it like this, teacher. Cashew, OK?

[00:07:22]What's the difference between this cashew and this cashew here? He is sweeter. If I remove this accent here, look, I'm going to remove the accent, it becomes like "caju" (cashew).

[00:07:33]You know that one? It's because, well, I don't like it because I'm from the fan group, I don't like to swear, but you know when you say that he's going to get screwed?

[00:07:40]If you take the accent off that word, that stressed monosyllable ending in " um," if you take the accent off, it becomes "c," you're going to get screwed?

[00:07:48]No, if you're without clothes, you're naked, right? Then you put an accent on the "nu," you take the accent off, it becomes "n," it becomes "francês." No, this is a moxitona ending in -uva. You don't need to waste accents.

[00:08:00]PMEA.

[00:08:01]Colmeia, folks, no longer has an accent.

[00:08:04]You will soon learn that "colmeia" is a paroxytone word that has an open diphthong in its stressed syllable. Professor, you've completely baffled me. Don't worry, we'll figure it all out. Estáci.

[00:08:15]Estáci is in the same situation as here with the cashew tree, look.

[00:08:19]Estáci. If I remove the accent from the I, it becomes " francês," not "cítona" ending in I. Now, the only one that takes an accent here, folks, is this little rascal right here.

[00:08:31]Searia. Because if I add a seat here, it becomes a secretary's office.

[00:08:37]Which one is correct, teacher? Both.

[00:08:39]secretariat and secretariat, is that correct? But the seat will bring that differentiation.

[00:08:46]Beauty? So let's understand this darn accentuation thing. Remember, regarding graphic accentuation, exam boards often compare different accentuation rules, requiring attention to word structure. Or she could ask, for example, "Eh, which pair of words 'eh' is accented by the same rule, right?" So you have to master these accentuation rules so that you can ace these questions, which are considered easy, okay?

[00:09:15]But that's something many people get confused about. Mastering these rules is essential for excellent test performance. For example, the FGV bank really likes accents. The FCC loves to put two or three questions about accentuation on the exam, right? So, uh, let me see who else. Cebrasp as well. Sebrasp really likes accents. Basically, even Ideecão, right? The one that isn't from God, she also likes accents.

[00:09:44]So listen up, pay close attention here, stop everything, get out of the room, because now we're going to understand. Now you have to start from the beginning with me, okay? Look here, important information about written accents. First, we have to go back a little to the beginning. For example, we need to understand the concept of phoneme and the concept of letter. What is a phoneme, teacher? It's the sound representation, oh, phoneme. Phono means sound. Beauty?

[00:10:12]So, this phoneme, it will be subdivided into three types. We're going to have the vowel, the semivowel, and the consonant.

[00:10:23]Okay, teacher? Vowel, semivowel, I never understood that. Remember, there are five vowels, right? The vowels a, e, i, o, u. And the semivowels. E, I, o, u.

[00:10:36]And it depends on you, uh, for you to determine if a little letter there, if a phoneme there, sorry, is a vowel, a semivowel, it depends on where it is in the syllable, if it's accompanied by something, if it's alone, okay? A letter is a graphic representation, for example, look, this here is the graphic representation of the letter A. So, this here is the letter A. Now, when I say, look, A, it's a phoneme. When I say B, it's the phoneme.

[00:11:07]When I write B, it's the letter. And this is more important to us, look. Phoneme, right? Vowel, semivowel, and consonant.

[00:11:18]So, look, this is very important. Also, if you could make a little representation of it and put it in your study area, this is very important for you to understand accentuation, okay? There is a hierarchy among the vowels. And when I'm talking about hierarchy, this little devil here, I'm even going to put a crown on her, look. What a beautiful crown.

[00:11:39]This is the queen, she's the owner of Cassemi. This is the letter A. The letter A will always, always be a vowel. The letter A will never be a semivowel. The vowel is always the most important. So, for example, I have the word "eh" box.

[00:12:00]I have two vowels there. Oh, right? Tea falls. A is always a vowel. It falls. Oh, the A is accompanied by the I in the same syllable, but don't worry. A will always be a vowel. So she is the most powerful in that hierarchy. So, what comes next to the vowel 'a' in a syllable, for example, we have here, like, 'caixa' ( box). I'll separate them here, see. Caiá. They both stay here, in the same syllable, right? A I. So, 'a' is always a vowel. And what will the person next to A be?

[00:12:33]Semivowel.

[00:12:35]It's true? So, she's always like that really beautiful friend. I had a very beautiful friend who, for example, when we went to a party, nobody would look at me, they would only look at her. She was a vowel, she was a semivowel.

[00:12:48]When I went alone, I would turn into a letter, then an O, a vowel, and then an O. Why? Because 'e' and 'o' will also be vowels if they are not in the same syllable as 'a', right? And they will be vowels, for example, if they are accompanied by I or U.

[00:13:14]For example, ah, here is the word fish. Look, all separated. Fish. He's alone here in this part, look.

[00:13:23]So it's a vowel, it's all alone. That is, this here is a criterion for being considered a vowel. It is alone in one syllable. But here I have it, and I, fish.

[00:13:34]Who will be the vowel? Who is the most powerful person in this hierarchy? The letter E. So, e will be a vowel and i will be a semivowel.

[00:13:44]So, that's the hierarchy. A, e, o, i, e, u. When will i and u become vowels in life? When they are alone or accompanied by s. For example, there's the word here, look, noise.

[00:13:59]Ru, do. I'm already separating the syllables here, right? Oh, I'm all alone here. But " professora" is accompanied by an R. R is a consonant. I'm talking about vowels here, okay? So, U will be a vowel and I is also alone, see? Vowel.

[00:14:16]It's true? Now, if you have the word here, look, because, look, the 'a' here, look, it's always a vowel. There I have the 'e' and 'i' in the same, same syllable. O is more powerful than i. So, 'o' is a vowel and 'i' is a semivowel, right? So, understand this hierarchy. A, e, o, I, e, U. And let's move forward.

[00:14:42]Other important information. We learned this in our basic education, in elementary school, but let's revisit it now.

[00:14:51]When we work with words, with word structure, and we move on to syllabic separation, we always find that a word will have one syllable that is more stressed than the other. Here's my name, Letícia.

[00:15:04]Which is the strongest syllable? It's Aunt Letícia.

[00:15:10]Heart, oh, heart.

[00:15:13]Table, table. I don't say "mesa," I say "mesa."

[00:15:18]So, that strongest syllable will always be what we call the stressed syllable, it's the strongest one, right? The remaining syllables will be the unstressed ones, the weaker ones, right? So, I have the word contest, look. Con curo.

[00:15:38]Which is the strongest syllable? Oh, I say contest, I say contest, I say contest.

[00:15:44]Contest. So, this here is the stressed syllable. The stressed syllable. Why? Because she is the strongest. And the rest will be the unstressed syllables, which are the weaker syllables. The stressed syllable is always important to us because, based on the stressed syllable, I can determine its position and whether it is, for example, an oxytone, a paroxytone, or a proparoxytone.

[00:16:15]So, uh, I can classify words according to the placement, the position of the stressed syllable in that word. So, when I have a word where the last syllable is the strongest, I'll have an oxytone word. Let's go. I have the floor, let's go, Cajá. Just look. But I want to include one without an accent so you don't think it's just because of the accent. Let me see here. Oh, my heart, as I said before, my heart is... Just a reminder, "tio" (uncle) is not a seat, okay?

[00:16:52]You'll see in a minute, look. Heart. The stressed syllable here is the last one, it's "são". So here I have an oxytone word, because the last syllable is the stressed syllable, the strongest one. And then I have the paroxytone. A paroxytone word is one where the second-to-last syllable is the stressed syllable. For example, I'll give the floor here, as I said, to Letícia. " Le ti aqui" has an accent mark, but anyway, even though I'm not going to put the word "mesa" here, okay? As I mentioned earlier, I 'll use this as another example here. I have the word, oh, me za. I don't say "mesá," I say "mesa." This one is stronger. So, this is the last one. This is the second-to-last syllable, so I have a paroxytone word here, right? Finally, a proparoxytone word is one where the antepenultimate syllable is the strongest. Then many people ask: "Professor, why do we say the first syllable is the strongest?" Because there are words with more than four syllables, more than three syllables, for example. So, an example of a proparoxytone word is the word proparoxytone itself.

[00:18:15]But I always like to use those disciplines that aren't very much about God, you know? Oh, mathematics, chemistry, physics. Look at that. So I have the word ma te ma ti here, right? So here I have the last, here I have the second-to-last, and here I have the third-to-last syllable, which is the strongest.

[00:18:47]So there I have a proparoxytone word. To understand accentuation rules, you need to master this : what an oxytone is, what a paroxytone is, and what a proparoxytone is.

[00:18:59]From this, you can unravel a lot of things, right? So let's move forward. That's where you need to fill it out, okay? Look, there are only, oops, wait a minute, where are they? Blocks three graphic accents in the Portuguese language. Only three. What are these accents? These three. I have the high-pitched voice, you know, the one my grandma had. I have the circumflex accent, which is like grandpa's little hat. And I have the indicative accent, the grave accent, which usually indicates the crasis. So I only have these high notes, circumflex, oops, circumflex, and the low notes, right? Only those. I do n't have more than three accents in the Portuguese language. Every word will have at most one accent mark. Just one.

[00:20:00]There are no words, there is no word in the Portuguese language with two accent marks, right? The tio (uncle) is not an accent. And what is the uncle? It is an index or a marker of nasalization.

[00:20:20]He will give it that look. Right? Mom, is that alright? brother.

[00:20:28]But look, if you have a word with "tio" and an accent mark, the stressed syllable will be on the accent mark, right? I'll explain that in a moment too. The accent mark will always be on the stressed syllable.

[00:20:46]So, if a word has a written accent, it's a word that doesn't have a table.

[00:20:50]We know that "me" is the stressed syllable, but it doesn't have an accent. But when a word has a written accent, that accent will always be on the stressed syllable, the strongest syllable. There is no syllable without a vowel. It doesn't exist. So, if you have, for example, the word "tire," how do I separate "tire"? Ah, it's "piu," not "pneu," it's a monosyllable, okay? I can't have a syllable without a vowel; it will always have to have the 'a', so what will it always be? Vowel.

[00:21:28]Always, regardless of whether it is accompanied by another word in a syllable or not, every syllable will have only one vowel, just one.

[00:21:41]The word "peixe" is a vowel, and "i" is a semivowel. Fish, so there will only be one. Another very important piece of information. The letters I and u will only be vowels if they are alone in the syllable or accompanied by each other, right? Or of s. So I have the word, for example, look, here's the word.

[00:22:07]Oh no, wait, let me see, let me see, let me see, let me see. Ah.

[00:22:12]Chest, I have a little U. Now I can have chests too. So this U is a stressed syllable, right? It will only be a vowel. Actually, it will be a vowel whether it 's alone or accompanied by another, right? E, I, and U stress the last syllable of words. Look, uh, as I said before, we had the words Saci and Caju, look, Saci and Caju.

[00:22:48]I don't need to put accents on these oxytone words, you know. Whenever you have a word that is an oxytone, meaning the last syllable is stressed. If that last syllable ends in i or u, I won't need an accent. Why, teacher? Because the ' i' and the 'u' are stressed, they act as a kind of oxandrolone in the last syllable. So I don't need to, oh, get out, cashew.

[00:23:17]OK? I'm going to tone up. For example, I have the word, look, taxi.

[00:23:24]Taxi. I need to put an accent on this syllable, okay? Why? Because otherwise it would be "taxi," since the "i" stresses the last syllable, right?

[00:23:36]So let's move forward, everyone. There's a lot of information there for us, does it make sense to you? Leave a comment, please! And now let's move on to the famous vowel combinations. Oh no!

[00:23:49]Well, we have a few types of vowel combinations, and many of us have forgotten about these classifications because it became very difficult, because we didn't really value them in school, right? But it's normal, now we'll understand. And it's very important that you understand vowel combinations in order to understand accentuation rules. So, we've already understood here what an oxytone, a paroxytone, and a proparoxytone are. We already understand what a stressed syllable and an unstressed syllable are. We've already seen the hierarchy of vowels here, haven't we? A will always be a vowel. And then comes the next one. I and u come next. And then we have vowel combinations. And the first one, the most famous one, is this one here, the diphthong.

[00:24:35]When will there be a diphthong? Oh, I separated the syllables of the word, and in that separation, there's a vowel and a semivowel, or vice versa, a semivowel and a vowel. I'll have a diphthong, right? And then this diphthong, it will be subdivided into several types. I have the rising diphthong, the falling diphthong, the oral diphthong, and the nasal diphthong. Professor, that's a lot to take in.

[00:24:58]Calm. If you understand what a diphthong is, if you understand what a vowel and a semivowel are, then you're all set. For example, when will I have a rising diphthong?

[00:25:07]When I have a vowel and a semivowel in that order, look at the word here, let me lock the word here, the word is " caixa" (box). I'll separate them right away. Tea falls. I separated. I have a vowel combination here. What kind of vowel combination is this?

[00:25:26]I have the A and the I here. Professor, Agal, right? It's a vowel. And the 'I' that accompanies it is a semivowel. And why this diphthong here, excuse me, I'm going down the syllable, right? Let me put the other one down here, folks, because this one we're going to follow in ascending order. I have it here, let's go here, come back. I have the word water, oh. Water.

[00:25:51]How do I separate water?

[00:25:54]Water is not water. To separate the words, you just have to pronounce them, right? Oh, a chair is a chair, not a chair-cutter, right? Chair.

[00:26:09]Water is not the pretty one. So here I have, look, these two here, U and A, are in the same syllable.

[00:26:18]A is always a vowel.

[00:26:21]And the u is next to the semivowel.

[00:26:26]Why is it increasing?

[00:26:28]Right? I'm realizing now that I put it the other way around, guys. The growth is like this. That's why I was complicating things, you see.

[00:26:37]I'm going to cross this out right now because otherwise it won't work, okay? Oh, it's a semivowel. Here it's rising, it's semi plus vowel. Look here, boy. And here is a vowel. So I'll delete it here.

[00:26:57]And here it's a vowel plus a semivowel.

[00:27:03]Put the complete word here, okay? So, look, here in "água" (water) I have a semivowel and a vowel. So, semivowels are the smallest in the hierarchy, right? It's tiny and the vowel is bigger.

[00:27:15]So I start from the smallest to the largest.

[00:27:19]So I start here, see, a semivowel, and then I go up to a vowel, see, in this order here. So, if I'm going to give semi- to vowel, I grow. That's why the diphthong is rising.

[00:27:33]Now, look at the opposite. Here I gave the example of the box, right? Oh, fall.

[00:27:40]Here I also have a diphthong, but here I start with a vowel and then I go to a semivowel. So I start with a vowel and then move to a semivowel. So I'm declining, I'm not growing. I started with a vowel and decreased to a semivowel. That's why it's a descending diphthong.

[00:28:01]Right? I have the floor, let's go, thing. Look at that, thing. I have an o and an i. Hey, in the hierarchy, "o" is a vowel, and "i" is a semivowel.

[00:28:15]So, the descending diphthong.

[00:28:18]I have a word here, for example, Claudia. There are two, look. Clauia.

[00:28:28]So here I have a vowel plus a semivowel, and here I have a semivowel plus a vowel. So I have a descending diphthong and an ascending diphthong, right? This is training, folks. Okay, then. Rising and falling diphthongs are the first, and most important, classifications of diphthongs. And then we also have the oral diphthong, right? And the nasal diphthong.

[00:28:53]An oral diphthong, basically, is when we don't have any impediment in the passage of sound. For example, oh, hey, I, hey.

[00:29:06]It's true? So, look, when am I going to have an open diphthong? Oral, by the way, an open oral diphthong, when I have these constructions like this, look. Hey, hi. So, look at this. Hey, rings, hat. Look, it's right here, right next to you. And that's correct. And when will I have it closed? It's when I open my mouth less.

[00:29:33]Oh, my ox.

[00:29:39]Look at that! My ox. Look how different it is. For example, my sky. Cé is open, mine is closed. So, the nasal twang is when we usually have the tilde, right? So, for example, oh, mother, mother has a nasal diphthong, so I'll have a rising diphthong, a falling diphthong.

[00:30:05]And these diphthongs can be open or closed, in the case of oral diphthongs, right? Or nasal diphthongs.

[00:30:13]Beauty? Let's go, we still have a lot to see.

[00:30:17]Let's move forward. Another type of vowel combination that is much simpler is the pesky triphthong. Tritôo, folks, we're going to have this sequence of semivowel, vowel, and semivowel in the same syllable always. And the examples from then on, from when the boitatar was a dead garrote, still sick, are the same examples. Just look. Sa guão, para guai.

[00:30:47][laughter] where a student once put "era," giving the fundamental principle as an example of a triphthong, the boy put "Portugal," but Portugal doesn't exist. So take a look at these buildings here. We have, look, wh, all in the same syllable. And so here we have, look, in this last one, I rinsed, I have u, and i. Remember the hierarchy, look, I have the hierarchy here, look, u, and i, look, o and i are here. The 'e' is right up here, look. So, the 'e' is stronger, a vowel. And the one next to it is a semivowel. Remember that there can only be one vowel per syllable? So it is. Paraguay, look, the A is here. Handsome. The person next to me is this one here. Semivowel. Lobby.

[00:31:41]Here's the A again. So, you'll always have this sequence. S V S in the same syllable. It's OK? Next. Ah, the iatum.

[00:31:51]So, we've already seen diphthongs and triphthongs. Deitong and triphthong are combinations of sounds. The iato vowel is called a vowel cluster, but in reality it is a separation. So we're going to have two vowels in different syllables. For example, I have here the word, oops, to put on a reddish tint.

[00:32:11]Sa da. Look, the 'a' is all alone. The letter 'a', whether it stands alone or not, is always a vowel. Now I'm alone. When the letter I is alone, my love, it becomes a vowel, it becomes a person. The iato, it will separate two vowels. It's very important that you know this so you don't get confused, okay? For example, ã, content, or the word con te u do. Here the 'e' stands alone; it's a vowel. The letter U is also alone, look, vowel. The word "e ato" separates two vowels. Yesterday I posted a poll on my Instagram asking which word, you know, had an iato. And many people told me that guava had a iatum. But look, we have guava. How do I separate guavas?

[00:33:10]Leaving. Goia aba. It's not guava, it 's not guava. Look what we have here! There is no iato in goiaba, because I have the e and I. In the hierarchy, o is stronger, so o is a vowel, i is a semivowel, and a is a vowel. The iato separates two vowels. And here, look, I'm not going to have a separation of two vowels, I'm going to have a semivowel and a vowel, okay? What I'm going to have here is just one tongo.

[00:33:45]Beauty? So, iatos separates two vowels.

[00:33:49]It is very important that you understand, recognize, and identify iatos, because it will introduce a very important rule of accentuation. " And oh my," repeated the hiato. Okay, let's go over the rules now. Remember? We've already seen the classification of words in relation to the position of the stressed syllable: oxytone, paroxytone, and praroxytone.

[00:34:09]We've already seen the hierarchy, a, e, O, e, U. We've already seen the vowel combinations of tongo, rising tongo, falling tongo, the open and closed oral diphthongs, and the nasal diphthongs. And we just saw the triphthong, right? A semivowel, a vowel and a semivowel in the same syllable, and the iatogram, when two vowels are separated and don't stay in the same syllable. So let's start with the rules. When do I use the stress pattern on an oxytone word? What is an oxytone? The one with the strongest last syllable. Whenever I have an oxytone word ending in a, and the o in ens or in a descending open diphthong, I will accent it with the descending open diphthong, remember? Oh, hey, oh, hey, right? Hey, it 's not "hi," look. It corrodes, rings. Ah, it can be with an 's' or not, right? With or without an 's'.

[00:35:10]Right? It corrodes the sky. No, but "cê" will be a monosyllable. So, look, here I'm going to have a descending open tongo. If I also have an oxytone word that ends in a, and the ems, I will accent it.

[00:35:24]Look, coffee. Why would I emphasize "café," professor? Because coffee, look, where's the stressed syllable here? This is the last one. It's an oxytone word ending in E.

[00:35:36]Why would I add an accent?

[00:35:38]Because it's an oxytone ending in A.

[00:35:41]Because I'm going to accent sipó because it's an oxytone ending in O. Why am I going to accent mém? Because it is an oxyon a mem. Mem is the strongest syllable. Because I'm going to have an oxytone ending in -em.

[00:35:57]Congratulations! Congratulations is accented.

[00:36:00]Why is this word accented? What is the rule? Congratulations.

[00:36:04]It is an oxytone ending in NS.

[00:36:08]Why would I put an accent on the word "aneles" (rings)? Because I have there, look, the little line, right? I'm going to have an oxytone ending in a descending open diphthong, right? So this is a lot of practice, a lot of practice. Ó, herói também é uma oxytone final em diphthong aberto, ó. Hey, the descending vowel I have here, see, semivowel vowel, right? [snoring] I'm having a little allergy attack, but let's go. So, the rule for oxytone words. I will accent all oxytone words ending in a, E, N, or with an open descending tongo. And so it can be coffee, cashew fruit, it can be accompanied by an S, right?

[00:36:51]Now, let's talk about stressed monosyllables. What is a monosyllable, teacher? A monosyllabic word is a word that has only one syllable, right? So, the rule for stressed monosyllables is very similar to the rule for oxytone words.

[00:37:03]So, what do we have here?

[00:37:05]When do I use stress on stressed monosyllables? When I have a stressed monosyllable ending in a, E, with or without an S, or an open, descending syllable, which will differ from the oxytone, right, the one in ens.

[00:37:18]So, yeah, man. Why do I put an accent on the word "pa"? Because she is a stressed monosyllable ending in a.

[00:37:26]Then I have the word "pá," right? Beauty. And if it's plural, peace, I'll use the accent because this here, look, is finished, it's with or without an 's'. Now, oh, peace is more than a p.

[00:37:38]Now, this peace here, look, I'm not going to emphasize it.

[00:37:42]I don't use an accent mark for "Paz" because I have a monosyllable here, okay? It's a tonic, but it's accompanied by a Z, not an s. So, ó, pá, pé, pó are accented. Pós, traz, mes, are accented because they are stressed monosyllables ending in a, e, o, accompanied or not by s, or by an open, descending vowel, ó, ré, céu, roi.

[00:38:07]Belezinha, oxytone words, stressed monosyllables. OK. Now we're getting to the real issue of accentuation, which is paroxytone words. Most of the words in the national vocabulary are paroxytone words, right?

[00:38:22]So here's a really cool tip. I'm going to introduce you to a goddess. This goddess, she is the goddess of paroxytone words. It's the goddess Nires Luxus, right? Then you will remember. But this Niris Lunes, she always sings her little song accompanied by "ã ão". Oh my god, my tongo outfit looks awful, and there's a little song about it that goes "niris lunxus ã ão de tongo ps." Write this down. Say that out loud about 10 times. Don't talk near anyone, otherwise we'll think you're not feeling well. But it stays like this, see?

[00:39:06]Niris lunxus ã ão de tongo niris luxus ã ão de tongo. Why, teacher? Because it 's interesting, okay? Because it's ridiculous, but also because these are the rules for accenting paroxytone words.

[00:39:23]This will make a big difference.

[00:39:24]Look, I'm going to accent all the paroxytone words. Remember, in paroxytone words, the second-to-last syllable is the stressed syllable. So, every paroxytone word that ends in nirislpsus ão de tongups. Look, look, I have here, look, niriris lunsus ã ão de tongups. Let's go, then. Oh, the list is long. I have the word ifen.

[00:39:53]And you'll stop soon, right? Well, why would I emphasize the word "ifen"?

[00:39:59]Because it is a paroxytone word ending in -nifen. Why would I put an accent mark on the word taxi?

[00:40:11]Because "táxi" is a paroxytone word ending in " i". Why would I emphasize the word " character"?

[00:40:23]Oh, character, because I have a paroxytone word here, oh. What is the penultimate syllable ending in? In R. Why would I put an accent on the word "lápis" (pencil), teacher? Because I have a paroxytone word ending in 'is' that I'm going to accent, I'm going to move it this way, look, the word 'útil' (useful).

[00:40:45]I forgot to separate them, oh. Because I have a paroxytone word ending in L. Why would I accent the word "album"?

[00:40:55]Because I have a paroxytone word ending in an m. Why would I emphasize the word "tórax," teacher?

[00:41:03]Because I have a paroxytone word ending in X. Why would I accent the word " bônus" (bonus)?

[00:41:11]Oops, not a bonus, a bonus. Because I have a paroxytone word there that ends in -us. So, nirislunxos.

[00:41:20]Based on the ending of the paroxytone words, I'll know whether or not to accent them, okay?

[00:41:25]And this "ão de tongo" (a Portuguese slang term) I'm going to pull over to the other side, okay? I'm going to do it here, drag the little arrow this way, one little arrow this way, and another little arrow this way. Look, why would I put an accent on the word " órgão" (organ)?

[00:41:46]Many people think this is the strongest one, but it's not. The strongest one is where the accent mark is, ó. Organ, orphan, magnet. Oh, sister word.

[00:41:59]No, sister, you see? It's a magnet that he puts on the refrigerator. Why would I emphasize " organ"? Because it is a paroxytone word. In other words, this is stronger, ending in -ão. Why would I use accents?

[00:42:10]Because it is a paroxytone word ending in ã.

[00:42:13]Why would I, for example, use an accent on the word "água" (water)? Oh, why do I accentuate water? Because I have a paroxytone word ending in a diphthong. The a. And why would I emphasize the word biceps?

[00:42:30]Because I have a paroxytone word ending in ps. Biceps, triceps, quadriceps, and femoral heads. These are the only words. So, there's the rule. Memorize this, write this down a lot and you'll see that you'll learn it, because 80% of Brazilian words are paroxytone (stressed on the penultimate syllable). That's a lot. And here we are, moving towards the end. We also have, oh, remembering, the new spelling agreement brought a new rule. Remember, there are no more accents on paroxytone words with open diphthongs? Paroxytone, penultimate syllable is the stressed syllable. So, words like thyroid, idea, heroic, assembly, jewel, they will no longer have accents. I'm going to use the word "jewel" here. How do I separate them? Jewel a, OK? Jewel a. So, here I have a paroxytone word because here, look, is my strongest syllable. And there I have an open diphthong, look. Hi.

[00:43:27]So I'm not going to add an accent to that word anymore because it has an open diphthong. Then I had an idea, and I gave it to her. That's how you separate them. Here I have a paroxytone word, right? And in that stressed syllable I'm going to have an open tongo sound, look.

[00:43:43]Hey, me, hi, assembly. Heroic.

[00:43:48]Eói co I'm not going to accent paroxytone words with open diphthongs anymore. No accent. Don't confuse him with a hero. Hero emphasizes. An oxytone word ending in a diphthong. OK? So forget about these words here, okay? Idea, bore, ugly woman, assembly, jelly, thyroid, ovoid, okay? There won't be any more.

[00:44:13]And this here is just a silly thing.

[00:44:16]specifically from a bank called FGV. FGV loves it here because it likes to create its own rules. This here, look, these are eventual, accidental, or apparent proparoxytone words, which are words that are paroxytone words ending in a rising diphthong, which may present another form of syllabic division. This is something FGV usually covers, okay? Considering that the final diphthong is, in fact, a hiatus. What do you mean, teacher? Look, I have the word "species".

[00:44:44]species, as it is here, look. That's how you separate species, you know. Espé.

[00:44:52]So, I have a paroxytone word ending in a diphthong, which is why it's accented. But FGV, it can charge in this way here, with this type of separation. Special.

[00:45:04]So, if I have here, look, last syllable, second-to-last syllable, third-to-last syllable, I'm going to have the third-to-last syllable as the strongest. So I'm going to have one that 's called an eventual proparoxytone.

[00:45:16]This could happen to my name too, you know. Le ti si a eles podem fazer assim. This would be an eventual proparoxytone, because then the stressed syllable would be like this. But as a rule, Letícia separates like this, see?

[00:45:36]Hey, this is just a little dot, Letícia.

[00:45:39]So, when that happens, I'll have an occasional proparoxytone word.

[00:45:42]The crazy girl from FGV is the one who likes this, okay? And finally, the accentuation of proparoxytone words. Which proparoxytone words should I accent? All. So, if the third-to-last syllable is the strongest, all of them will be stressed. Oh, chronic, tetanus, toxicological, cell, surgical, mathematics, physics, chemistry. So, they will all be accented, right? And then there's the one related to the iato spectrum, that one is usually the most powerful.

[00:46:16]Whenever I have, for example, i or u, which will be accented, uh, the second vowel of the iato when it forms a syllable alone or with s, right? When i or u, or is preceded by a different vowel.

[00:46:32]So, I have here, look, uh, an exit. Sa da. Oh, I've already put it here, guys, look. Country of origin. Don't confuse country with parents, okay?

[00:46:45]Oh, we have parents, who are our parents, and we have, oh, a country. " Pais" is a monosyllable, it is not separated. And yes, I separate the country from the national one. It's true? So here I'm going to use accents because I have [snoring] because what's the accentuation rule for "país" here? It 's not because it's an oxytone, it's because I have the second vowel of the i-thon, the I as the second vowel of the i-thon followed by s.

[00:47:12]So, look, professor, you're saying the ' u' isn't needed there, look, cashew isn't needed.

[00:47:18]Beauty? Cashew nuts don't need it, look. No cashew.

[00:47:22]But then I have the word, oh, ba u.

[00:47:26]If I have this word here, look, I'm going to have a vowel sound, vowel sound. And when u or i are the second vowel of the iato, whether alone or accompanied by s, I will accent them. Oh, for example, "luí," Luiz with an S is accented, Luiz with a Z is not. For example, judges, judge is not accented.

[00:47:51]Oh, ju is, why isn't it accented, teacher?

[00:47:56]Because the letter I isn't alone, it's accompanied by Z. Now, look, country. Yes, it's accompanied by an 's', that's correct.

[00:48:03]Destroyed, roots. So, these ones here, look, they won't be accented. These are iatos, yes. For example, Luiz is spelled with a Z; I won't use the accent. I'm not going to use an accent on the root either.

[00:48:15]Why? Because it's accompanied by a Z. But teacher, roots. Yes, roots. Oh, roots.

[00:48:22]That's where I emphasize it. And also when I have, oh, repeated vowels. I'm going, le, they believe, come. I'm not going to use accents anymore, okay? So, [snoring] rule of iatum. Let's train now.

[00:48:35]I've brought some top-notch questions here for you all. The last 5 minutes here are for training. Let's go, because those who train, reign. Hmm. Look at that. Question.

[00:48:52]The word "década" has a written accent for the same reason as the word "o que?" Look at that, decade. What do we have here?

[00:49:00]The decade is a pro park.

[00:49:07]Why, teacher? Because I have, oh, each one from the last, second to last, and third to last. The antepenultimate syllable is the strongest, proparoxytone. And all proparoxytone words are stressed on the last syllable. Let's go.

[00:49:24]Letter A. is saying after, no, after is the last tragic scene. We find here, oh, tragic. Pra gó aqui, ó. Oh, the strongest syllable. So, the letter B stands for Bucephalus, Alexander the Great's horse. Além não pode ser, ó, oxytone ending in after oxytone ending in O, accompanied by S, ninguém. Oxytone ending in -mata-lo. In this case, I'll have the verb, look, the verb in the infinitive, the verb "to kill" in the infinitive plus "low". So here I have an oxidone ending in A, right? So, letter B, next.

[00:50:07]Two words from the text, which we didn't include in the text, right? But we have the issue.

[00:50:11]Two words in the text that follow the same rule of accentuation are: So, I need an alternative here, where both words are accented by the same rule. Let's go. Letter A.

[00:50:22]Undue. Débita is also a proparoxytone. This ca n't go on like this anymore. It is also an oxytone word ending in -em história.

[00:50:32]Ó, tóia has a paroxytone ending in a diphthong. Vehicle.

[00:50:39]Oh my! Vehicle.

[00:50:41]This interesting word can be accented here, oh.

[00:50:47]Violo. It can be accented both because it is the second vowel of the iato, and also because it is a proparoxytone.

[00:51:03]But in this case, what will prevail? The first rule here, look, the second vowel of the iato, is that right? So here we have the letter C, chronicles.

[00:51:15]Pro paroxytone.

[00:51:17]Assigned. Once again, the same situation as here with " Oh, no." Buídos, atribuidos.

[00:51:26]That's a paroxytone word. Yes, that's the second vowel of the iato. Buídos, certo? So here we have a paroxytone word with stress on the letter C and the second vowel of the iato period.

[00:51:37]Letter D, coiba, second vowel of the iato. The letters i or u, as the second vowel in iato, alone or followed by s, will be accented.

[00:51:47]It's a stressed monosyllable ending in A. So what's left? This one here must be the correct answer, letter e, right? Calunha.

[00:51:57]C. Let's go, then. C lu and another is plagiarism.

[00:52:05]Pláo, right? So, where is the stressed syllable? Here it is. Where is the stressed syllable? Here it is. Beauty? So, both are paroxytone words. Second-to-last syllable is the stressed syllable. Why are they accented?

[00:52:19]Because they are paroxytone words ending in -de tongo. Remember Nirris Lunxus? From Tongo. Oh, here, look. Semivowel vowel.

[00:52:28]Semivowel. Vowel. Letter E. Let's move on to the next one. It's almost over.

[00:52:34]Regarding diphthongs. Hey, hi. What are they? These are open oral diphthongs.

[00:52:48]The new spelling reform removed the accent mark from the following pair of words. Let's go.

[00:52:55]Destroyer and snails. Oh, snails, it 's the same situation as the hero. Heroes, right? He didn't take this off. We have an oxytone here because it's " caracois".

[00:53:08]This one is the strongest. It's an oxytone word ending in an open diphthong, okay? Destroy it, I have it here, look, destroy it, we couldn't put this little thing in the same place here, look. It destroys, and why is that accented, professor?

[00:53:28]This one will be accented, because we have a paroxytone ending in R. It's different from, oh, idea.

[00:53:40]There's no rule for accenting the word "ideia" (idea) with the penultimate syllable, but for " destroyer," just like "ó," " me" is a penultimate syllable ending in R, so it will remain accented, okay? [snoring] So, boa constrictor and odyssey are here, number three. The words that lost their accent are these ones here, ó, giboia, because I have paroxytone words with an open diphthong, ó. from ox to and Odysseus to once again the letter p of Bucephalus, Alexander the Great's horse.

[00:54:17]Meer won't be accented, it will be accented because I have a paroxytone word ending in R and alcaloide lost its accent. You really lost this. He really lost. Alc, ó. Alc girl. Alkaloid.

[00:54:35]Wait a minute, girl. alkaloid, right? "Constrói [roncando] é oxytone, colmeia perdeu mesmo." Pastéis oxítona e ovoide perdeu esse assento.

[00:54:49]So, the answer is B. Then, everyone, review these questions. This material is for you. Review these issues. It's very important. Let's move on to our second-to-last question. Here we have the word anaconda. Oh, the word "anacuri" doesn't have an accent on its stressed syllable. Remember that I and u stress the last syllable? So, oh, su cu, ri. Here, it's automatically toned by now.

[00:55:18]Select the option that presents another word that does not receive an accent mark according to the same rule. Letter A, moon, B, teary. Letter C, cashew. The cashew nut will not be accented.

[00:55:30]Why? Because i and u stress the last syllable of the word. You won't need an accent. If you add an accent, that's fine.

[00:55:39]Anaconda. If you take it off, what happens then?

[00:55:40]Anaconda. It's OK? No idea. And Rochedo does n't either. Finally, our last question. Here we have, check the option that indicates the words in the text that are not accented by the same rule of graphic accentuation. So I have two words in each option.

[00:56:01]Therefore, they should not be accented according to the same rule. Letter A. After. "Após" is accented because it is an oxytone ending in OS. That's all. It is only accented because it is a stressed monosyllable. " Apó" has two syllables, ó. The letter 'a' after 'e' is just one syllable. So here, what is the strongest syllable in "após"? This is the last one.

[00:56:28]oxytone ending in -emos.

[00:56:32]It's only accented because it's a monosyllable ending in O. Okay? So, the answer is A.

[00:56:40]Letter A is our correct answer. They are not accented by the same rule. Look here, we have proparoxytone in the other parts of Petrópolis. It's proparoxitana.

[00:56:52]Deaths. It's also a proparoxytone, oh. Deaths.

[00:56:57]possessed, possessed, pardon me, possessed. We have the letter I as the second vowel of the iato. Formed, the I as the second vowel of the iatum as well.

[00:57:10]Through I have an oxytone ending in E.

[00:57:15]Wait, we have a discrepancy here, look, through I have an oxytone ending in E, which could be e s. And I also have an oxytone ending in N.

[00:57:30]Both are oxytones. We can take this into consideration, but this would be a matter that could easily be appealed if you had marked this, because here it ends in N and here it ends in es. Both are oxytone words. Beauty? The letter 'e', ​​'vácuo' (vacuum), is a paroxytone word ending in a diphthong, and 'municípios' (municipalities), is also a paroxytone word ending in a diphthong.

[00:57:57]This one would be manageable, no problem, okay? If someone had scored, it would definitely have been possible to annul it. And that's it, folks, we're ending our class here.

[00:58:09]Review this lesson, analyze this material, practice questions, get a list of words like these and start analyzing why. Why is this word accented? Because it is a paroxytone ending in 'que', she is a moxytone ending in 'que', she is a stressed monosyllable ending in 'alguisa'. Here we have the second one, the I as the second vowel of the iatum. Practice this and you'll get really good, okay? So, memorize a lot at your own pace, in your own time.

[00:58:33]Also remember that it takes courage to be who you've decided to be in a place where no one else is yet. It's OK? You have that staff with you. And I leave here my kisses and my embraces.

[00:58:45]Teacher, what is this? Kisses, not your glasses, kisses are kisses, hugs, embraces. It's OK? If you need anything, look us up on social media, Professor. Letíciaalim_line or @marcatexeducação and we're in this together, okay? There will be time, everything will work out, and there will be a celebration. Look for the guys from the mapping group, you'll see. The best support to help you receive the blessing of your appointment. Amen. So, there you have it, folks. It was a pleasure being here with you.