ENGLISH | UNIT-1 GRAMMAR EXPLAINATION | SEM-4 | OSMANIA UNIVERSITY | @shivanipallela

Added: 2026-05-12

[00:00:00]Hello students, welcome back to our channel. So, here in this video, complete unit number one grammar topic, that is part A bits explanation I'm going to explain in this video. This one video will be more than enough to cover the part A bits from unit number one. Okay?

[00:00:22]So, if you're having a zero knowledge also, this one video and whatever the grammar topics I'm explaining will be enough to cover part A from unit number one. Okay? So, semester four students under Osmania University, whoever is pursuing B.Com, B.Sc, BBA, any stream, you can use the video. This video will be useful. So, in unit number one, pronunciation topic you're having consonant clusters. What is the meaning of consonant clusters? First, we will understand. That means when two or more consonant letters come together, then without a vowel sound, then that will become a consonant cluster. Okay? See here, I have given a small example. See here, ma, string you're having. When you're When you're pronouncing string, s t r we will pronounce it once, n g we will pronounce it once. Once you just observe, string, st ring, like string, like that. Okay? Next one, black. When you're pronouncing the black, b l c k, black.

[00:01:32]Like that we will pronounce. The original pronunciation of black is black. Okay? So, b l will be pronouncing one time and c k will pronouncing another time. Okay? That is the another consonant clusters. Okay? Consonant clusters is nothing about when two or more consonant letters are coming together, that is called consonant clusters. Okay? Same, jump.

[00:01:55]Jump. ump m m p, like m p we'll call it as a one cluster, like jump. You see You can see the sound, jump, like that.

[00:02:05]Okay? So, that is the example. So, whenever two or more consonants are coming together, okay? When you're pronouncing them without any vowel sound, vowel sound is nothing about a e i o u. Okay? These are the vowels, no?

[00:02:22]Without this, if you're pronouncing it, that is called consonant cluster. Okay?

[00:02:29]So, there are different types of consonant clusters, ma. First one, see here, beginning cluster. Beginning cluster is nothing about something we will pronounce it beginning. For example, see the word stop. Okay? s t o p. Stop.

[00:02:44]Stop. s t we'll call it as a first beginning cluster. Same, play also. So, when you pronounce play, play, play. First word will be consonant letters you're having. Play, like that.

[00:02:58]Okay? Then means we are stressing the words in first only. Okay? So, second type of cluster is middle clusters. See the word basket. So, when you're pronouncing basket, so the middle means s k is in middle, no? So, when you're pronouncing the middle of the term, you will be pronouncing like basket. Basket.

[00:03:21]Okay? Same, ending means at the end of the word if you're pronouncing the cluster. Like see the word hand. Hand. n d. n d we are having the hand. Okay?

[00:03:32]Play. And if play is first one, no? See here. Observe the letters. Play. Okay?

[00:03:38]First one only you're pronouncing stressful. Basket. In middle you're having the cluster. See here, ending, milk. Hand.

[00:03:47]Okay? So, end, like you're getting in a last wing. Okay? That is called ending clusters. This is the pronunciation topic you're having. Next topic you're having vocabulary, ma. In vocabulary you're having idioms. Idioms or phrases are nothing about different from actual words. Means, for example, if I'm taking in a a cup of tea, like that we will call it as a a cup of tea. That is not a word. That is not its meaning. That is not a phrase. It is a idiom. Okay? That means See an example, simple example I'll explain, ma. See, at the crossroads or standing on the road is not same. At the crossroads is nothing about something if you want to take an important decision, then we I can call it as a at the crossroads. For example, if I'm taking any important decision, I'll tell it as a I'm taking at the crossroads. Okay?

[00:04:39]That means you have make an important decision. Like idioms is nothing about expressing and understanding the medium by translating word to word. Okay? We cannot understand that word to word. It is another expression we are having. See here, I have given certain words for better understanding, ma.

[00:04:59]Armed to the teeth is nothing about the teeth. It is about heavily equipped, that is fully prepared. Means, she's armed to the teeth, that means she's fully prepared, like that. Okay? Next one, red tape. Red tape is not about the color. It means unnecessary rules or delays. What is mean by red tape? Red tape is nothing about the unnecessary rules or a delay. So, red tape is an idiom. Yes?

[00:05:27]Next, consonant clusters will be helpful to speak clearly. Idioms will be helpful to speak smartly. So, consonant clusters, what it will do? To make your words clearly, consonant clusters will be useful. Okay? Idioms will be useful to speak smartly. Okay?

[00:05:45]If you learn both, your English will become more powerful. Yes? So, for that, kids, consonant clusters and idioms will be used. See here the exercises, ma. See here, from the fill in the blanks uh sentence with the correct form of adjectives. Adjectives they are asking.

[00:06:04]Very important four marks bit they will compulsory ask in the examination. See the first question. What kind of food do you like the least? Least. What is the adjective of least? Little. What kind of food you like little, like that we will ask, no? So, least adjective is little.

[00:06:24]Okay? Next one, mother is the Mother is a better singer than I am. Better singer is nothing about better is good. Okay?

[00:06:34]They are saying good. So, it is not we will call it not as a Mother is good singer than I am. We will call it as a Mother is a better singer than I am.

[00:06:44]Okay? Like that. Next one, kind is kind only. You are not having any other word.

[00:06:49]Kind is kind only. Next one, This task is more urgent than all others. Like urgent they are saying. So, what will be the adjective of urgent? More urgent.

[00:07:01]This task is more urgent than all others. Okay? Next one, He thinks his car is as fast as yours. So, fast is fast only. Adjective of fast is fast only.

[00:07:13]Next one, The man was dash than his father. Just now we have discussed in the grammar expression videos also. Noble they are saying. That is more noble than his father, like that. Okay? Savita is the childish they have given. Most childish from all of my friends. Like my friend is one of the most childish of all among my remaining friends, like that we will call, no? What is the childish adjective? Most childish. Childish.

[00:07:46]Okay? Next one, far if they are giving means farther. Okay? His house is farther from the college than hers, like that. Okay? Safe means safer. Heaviest Heavy means heaviest. Simple, ma. Out of this 10, definitely four marks you can able to get it. Okay? Four marks bit means four marks you can able to score with the help of these 10 questions.

[00:08:10]These 10 questions means little means least, good means better, kind means kind, urgent means more urgent, fast means fast, noble means more noble, like that. You need to remember it. Okay? So, out of these 10 questions, first bit four marks bit they will ask for adjectives. Okay? Second one, see here, rewrite the following sentences in the brackets. Means they have given certain words, you need to write it in a correct way. Okay? So, see here, uh example, Osmium is the heaviest of all metal.

[00:08:41]Okay? Osmium means heavier than all the metals. Like heavier is used nothing about when all are there. Heavy is used about like no other metal is there.

[00:08:51]Okay? But like that you need to use it. Okay? So, see here the first one also, Mount Everest is the higher than all other in the world. High means higher. Okay?

[00:09:04]Quick means the quickest. Close means close. Tall means taller. Talent means most talented. Far means far. Least means least expensive. Close means closer. Large means large. Few means fewest. Same here also. Okay? Original you need to write the rewrite the sentences. Okay? And the third bit from unit number one is, ma, fill in the blanks with comparative and superlative forms. See here, the balco the ban the bungalow is larger than hers. My bungalow is largest in my colony.

[00:09:41]Larger, largest. Fastest, faster.

[00:09:44]Better, best. More important, most important. Least, less.

[00:09:50]So, like that we are having the comparative and superlative. Comparative words and superlative words. Larger, largest, faster, faster. fastest, best, better, more important, most important, least, less. Like that, okay? That is called comparative and superlative forms. And last bit, ma. Here if you want to use it in a comparative to positive, how you will use? Actions speak louder than words. This is a positive. Words do not speak as loud as actions. Like opposite sentence, but the same meaning. Opposite sentence, but same meaning. That is called positive.

[00:10:33]Next one, comparative. Lalita is not as tall as Lata. Lata is taller than Lalita. That is called comparative. You are comparing Lalita with Lata. That is called comparative. Next one, ma.

[00:10:44]Superlative. Divyashree is more brilliant than other students in the class. When you're trying to superlate the sentence, means Divyashree is the most brilliant student in the class. Means among the class other students, means all over the class only, no?

[00:11:01]Akhil is older than Arun. Arun is not old as Akhil.

[00:11:07]Okay, positive sentence. Like superlative, positive. So, superlative, comparative, and positive sentences you need to learn. Sometimes they'll ask.

[00:11:16]Okay? And this is the complete concept of unit number one grammar, ma. So, out of this exercises, one, two, three, four bits I have explained, no? Especially this adjectives, compulsory out of this four, four marks bit definitely they'll ask. Okay? So, don't skip whatever the grammar topics I have said in the video that will be more than enough. This exercises problems only be practice, okay? So, all the best. Till here if you're having any further doubts, do let me know in the comment section. Okay?

[00:11:47]So, how you felt about the explanation, whether it is understandable or not also let me know. See you all in next video.

[00:11:52]Bye-bye, students.