Distant galaxies appear red to the James Webb Space Telescope because their light undergoes cosmological redshift as space expands, stretching ultraviolet and visible wavelengths into the infrared bands that JWST detects; these red dots are actually ancient ultraviolet star factories seen through 13 billion years of cosmic expansion.
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Redshift: Why Distant Galaxies Glow RedAdded:
Why do JWST's earliest galaxies all look red?
Their light is stretched by cosmological redshift. As space itself expands, photon wavelengths elongate, shifting ultraviolet and visible starlight into the infrared bands JWST is tuned to detect.
Those little red dots are not actually red galaxies. They're ancient ultraviolet star factories seen through 13 billion years of cosmic expansion with their spectra tagged deep into the infrared.
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