Organic Chemistry test at Harrisonite Learning Academy.

Added: 2026-05-05

[00:00:00]This is a test under organic chemistry.

[00:00:03]I'm going to be very brief in answering these questions. I gave you these to my students.

[00:00:11]So, I just want to answer it briefly so that we get to see the answers. I'm going to be as quick as possible. So, I want your total attention.

[00:00:22]I consider the two reactions labeled one and two that produce ethanol. And we are given the chemical formula for ethanol, that one that is there. So, we are we know there is this particular reaction, glucose to ethanol, and we've got ethene to ethanol. These are two processes.

[00:00:44]We go to the question here. State the names of the reactions one and two.

[00:00:51]So, when we are uh changing glucose to uh ethanol, sugars to alcohol, that is what we uh get to call fermentation.

[00:01:05]So, this one, quickly, that is fermentation.

[00:01:10]The process by which ethene is changed to ethanol, that is hydration.

[00:01:18]So, you just have to understand this. I want you to get this. So, fermentation and hydration.

[00:01:26]We proceed and go to the next question.

[00:01:31]Give one difference between the conditions applied in the two reactions.

[00:01:36]So, when we are talking about here, they are saying give one difference between the conditions for fermentation and hydration.

[00:01:47]So, fermentation, you understand that this one, this is a slow uh biological process uh that gets to use yeast. You get, right? So, this one gets to use yeast, this one like this.

[00:02:03]But, this is a slow and a biological process that uses yeast, that one.

[00:02:11]When we go to this one that is here, hydration. Hydration, this is a fast industrial continuous process that gets to use a a certain catalyst, phosphoric acid.

[00:02:28]So, I guess you've seen the difference.

[00:02:30]And the other difference is that this one, this is uh gets to use low temperature, about 30 degrees Celsius.

[00:02:40]This one gets to use higher temperature, about what?

[00:02:45]Uh about high temperature of about 300 degrees Celsius.

[00:02:50]They I've given you a lot of differences. So, you answer in a way that you get to understand.

[00:02:57]We are done with this. We go to this one. Give one commercial use of ethanol.

[00:03:02]Ethanol can be used as a solvent.

[00:03:05]Ethanol can be used as a fuel. You are done with that.

[00:03:09]We go to this particular question that is here. So, I'm just giving out answers.

[00:03:15]The hydrogen, so we are given C15 H32 can be cracked to make propene and one other hydrocarbon.

[00:03:28]What is an hydrocarbon? An hydrocarbon is a compound that is made of hydrogen and carbon atoms only. There is a keyword there, only. So, this is an hydrocarbon.

[00:03:44]The first question that we are given here, define the term cracking.

[00:03:48]So, what is cracking? Cracking, this is just a process of breaking down longer chains of hydrocarbons into uh shorter variable ones. For example, when we break down what we uh get to call heavy what? Heavy fuel oils.

[00:04:08]We oil. You get heavy fuel oils. We break them down to something that is called petrol.

[00:04:16]Have you seen? So, that is just an example. So, breaking down larger longer chains of hydrocarbons into uh shorter and variable ones.

[00:04:29]You get? So, this is it. You get to answer it in so many ways. This is another way in which you can answer it.

[00:04:36]That's correct.

[00:04:38]We go to this one. Draw the structure of propene.

[00:04:42]Propene, this one is so simple. First of all, you need to know what we uh get to call what? Uh what we get to call general formula. What is a general formula? This is propene. So, propene, you know that this is an alkene. General formula, that is n Then here we've got 2n. Have you seen? 2n like that. So, that is what you need to get. So, pro pro position three. So, it is C3H, then we say 2 * n, which is uh which is uh three. So, 2 * 3 is 6. This is a chemical formula. Now, the structural formula, meaning we say C. Have you seen? 1 2 then three there. We need to have a double bond somewhere. So, I can put a double bond here. Meaning that here I'm going to put hydrogen. I guess you know these things. Hydrogen there.

[00:05:39]You can write it this way. This is just okay. So, and you put another hydrogen there, then even this one. So, if you count hydrogens are six here. So, we can also write it like this. This is the structural formula. Have you seen? This is it. I guess you know this. Double bond here. Each carbon should be bonded to four bonds. So, 1 2 3 4. This one, 1 2 3 4. This one, 1 2 3 4. We are done.

[00:06:07]This is it. This is how you need to get it.

[00:06:11]Write an equation for the reaction described above. Which reaction? Where this one is being cracked to produce that guy. And the other hydrocarbon. So, that is C15 H what? 32.

[00:06:29]Breaking breaking down to what? C3 then H6 plus. So, from the 15, we get three.

[00:06:40]What are we going to remain with? We are going to remain with 12. Have you seen?

[00:06:45]12 H. Then from the 32, we remove six.

[00:06:49]We are going to remain with what? 26.

[00:06:51]This is something that you can even answer on your own. Have you seen? This is how simple these things are. So, I can put here what? 26.

[00:07:01]This is the answer. Have you seen this one breaking down to this? You can answer it just like this.

[00:07:08]Have you seen? Just like this. You are done. We go now to this question that is here. This question, I guess you are able to see it. This is also one of the simple question. I gave this to my students.

[00:07:21]Uh propene is used to make alcohols and a polymer.

[00:07:27]Describe how propene can be converted into an alcohol and draw the structure of this alcohol. How can propene? So, you say when propene gets to react with what we get to call steam under specific conditions, you now discover that an alcohol called propanol is formed. So, the keyword there is saying that this propene gets to react with steam. That is a keyword. So, react with what? Steam. Then what is the structural formula for that particular alcohol? So, alcohol of what? Alcohol of propene. So, this one, I guess you know it. C3. Have you seen? Then H. This one * 2 then + 1, seven. Then you just say OH. Have you seen? This one like this.

[00:08:23]The reason why I'm doing it like this because I taught these things. So, we are This is just a quick revision.

[00:08:29]Everyone that is under my teachings, they know these things. We We have taught and this is just a quick revision. Someone can say, "Sir, you are too fast. How How can I understand?"

[00:08:40]This is just a quick revision. I gave notes and everything here. So, here, structural formula. 1 2 3. Then here, OH.

[00:08:51]Then we put now the hydrogens like this.

[00:08:55]So, this is it.

[00:08:57]This is it. I gave everything here.

[00:09:01]This is the reason why a lot of you had to get distinctions. So, this is where we end from. Since this video is public, if there is someone that wants to join, you can get this number. This is my number, 0971066747.

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[00:09:25]So, this is it. We currently, this is April 2026. We are only doing tuitions for the people that are in Zambia. I guess I've touched on every question here.

[00:09:36]So, this is it. And this is where we end from. Thank you so much.

[00:09:43]Yeah.