The heart's electrical system coordinates each beat through a sequence where the SA node stimulates the atria (P wave), the AV node then triggers ventricular contraction via the bundle of His (QRS complex), and the T wave represents ventricular recovery; this apex-to-base contraction pattern efficiently squeezes blood out of the ventricles like toothpaste being rolled from back to front.
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The heart muscle cells have the special property of being able to transmit the electrical impulses to neighboring muscle cells.
However, apart from the bundle of His, there is no connection between the atrial muscles and the ventricular muscles.
For this reason, the atria and ventricles can contract at different times. The contraction of the ventricles begins at the apex of the heart.
For this reason, the blood is literally squeezed out of the ventricles, similar to a tube of toothpaste that is rolled in from the back to the front. In medicine, electrical impulses can be used to check heart activity.
This is done with the help of an electrocardiogram.
The stimulation of the atria by the impulse of the sinoatrial node corresponds to the first wave. The stimulation of the ventricles through the atrioventricular node is represented by three spikes. The first wave is called the P wave, and the three graphical deflections the QRS complex.
The last wave is the T wave, which represents the recovery of the ventricle.
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