In an isothermal expansion of an ideal gas, the entire heat supplied equals the entire work done, which does not violate the second law of thermodynamics because the second law restriction (that entire heat conversion into work is not possible) applies only to cyclic processes, not to single isothermal processes.
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GATE Thermodynamics PYQ | GATE Mechanical PYQs 2026 #shorts #gatepyqsAdded:
Let us discuss this gate 2026 problem from thermodynamics subject. They have mentioned here the isothermal expansion of an ideal gas where net heat supplied will be equals to net work. The question is which of the following statements are correct? Now, if you see all of the options here, majority of the students will mark option B, but option B is wrong here. Please try to understand here. There is a small misunderstanding regarding the second law of thermodynamics. See, second law of thermodynamics tells that entire heat conversion into work is not possible for cyclic process. Please remember this word. For cyclic process, entire conversion of heat into work is not possible. But in the given question, they have not mentioned the cyclic process, right? So, from the basic thermodynamic concept, we can say if it is a isothermal process, entire heat will be equals to entire work only. So, there is no violation of the second law of thermodynamics here, right? So, what will be the correct answer here? Option A is the correct answer. The process is possible because it satisfies both first law and second law also, right? So, there is no violation of any of the laws of thermodynamics. So, option A is the correct answer here. I hope it is clear to everyone. Thank you.
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