SCIENCE 7: TERM 1- WEEK 1_Lesson 3: PARTICLE OF MODEL OF MATTER

[00:00:04]Hello everyone. Welcome to Teacher Julie Channel.

[00:00:12]For today's lesson, we are going to tackle all about Science 7 term one week one and lesson three, which is all about particle model of matter.

[00:00:33]For the objectives is to recognize that scientists use models to explain phenomena that cannot be easily seen or detected. And another one is to describe the particle model of matter as all matter is made up of tiny particles with each pure substance having its own kind of particles.

[00:01:00]For the short review, for the direction is to recall the previous lesson. For the first question, how do the characteristics of the plum pudding model, the Bohr model, and the Rutherford model help us understand the behavior of particles within atoms?

[00:01:24]And for the second question, what similarities and differences do you notice between the arrangement of particles within atoms and the behavior of particles in different states of matter?

[00:01:42]>> [music] >> For the activity number five is all about reading the passage.

[00:01:52]>> [snorts] >> So, Tom is in his kitchen preparing cold drink on a warm summer day. He decides to make a refreshing iced tea and starts by filling a glass with ice cubes from the freezer.

[00:02:09]So, Tom begins by taking a few ice cubes out of the freezer. He notices [snorts] that the ice cubes are solid and have a defined shape and volume. He explains that in their solid state, the water molecules in the ice are tightly packed together and arranged in a regular pattern.

[00:02:34]Tom places the ice cubes in the glass and observes as they start to melt. He notices that as the ice cubes come into contact with the warmer air and the glass, they gradually begin to change from solid to liquid. He explains that the heat from the surroundings is transferring energy to the ice cubes, causing the water molecules to gain enough kinetic energy to overcome the attraction forces holding them together in the solid lattice.

[00:03:14]As the ice cubes continue to melt, Tom observes that liquid water collects at the bottom of the glass. He explains that in the liquid state, the water molecules are still close together but have more freedom to move past one another. This illustrates another aspects of particle model, the ability of particles in a liquid to flow and take the shape of their container.

[00:03:50]After reading the passage, the will now answer the following questions.

[00:03:57]For the first question, how does the behavior of the water molecules in the ice cubes change as they transition from a solid to a liquid state?

[00:04:10]>> [snorts] >> And for the second question, why does the temperature of the surroundings play a crucial role in the melting process of the ice cubes?

[00:04:24]For the third question, what evidence in terms of observation support the idea that particles in a liquid have more freedom to move than those in a solid?

[00:04:39]And for the fourth question, how does the process of melting ice cubes illustrate the concept of phase transitions and the interplay between the kinetic energy and attractive forces among particles?

[00:05:02]For the explicitation, the teacher will discuss that all matter is made up of tiny particles.

[00:05:11]Particles are always moving and there are spaces between the particles.

[00:05:17]Particles attract each other and temperature affect the particle movement.

[00:05:25]For the solid, particles in solids are closely packed and strongly attracted to one another. When it comes to the shape, solids maintain a definite shape and a definite volume. And when it comes to the particle motion, particles only vibrate around the fixed positions and cannot move freely. Examples for this are rock, brick, glass, and iron.

[00:05:55]Another state of matter is the liquid.

[00:05:59]Particles in liquid are close together but can slide past one each other. When it comes to the shape, liquids take the shape of their container while keeping the same volume. When we talk about the particle motion, particles move more freely than in solids. Examples are water, juice, and milk.

[00:06:25]Another state of matter is the gas. So, particles in gases are widely spaced and move independently.

[00:06:34]When it comes to the shape, gases do not have a fixed shape or volume. And when it comes to the particle motion, particles move rapidly in all directions. Examples are air, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.

[00:07:01]That's all for today. Thank you for watching, so don't forget to like and subscribe.