IMPETUS 26 – International Conference on Computing, Engineering, and Technology

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[00:14:10]A very good morning to all of you.

[00:14:12]Welcome to Oasa University, Sri Lanka's Center for Value Addition. A university that was built to educate but not to transform.

[00:14:22]>> A very good morning. A place where knowledge meets purpose and where graduates are shaped to solve real problems for a real world.

[00:14:30]Today that spirit takes an international stage.

[00:14:35]We gathered here today for this prestigious occasions hosted by the faculty of applied sciences. A community that has consistently pushed the boundaries of applied research, producing work that doesn't sit on shelves, but finds its way into industries, communities, and conversations that matter.

[00:14:57]Standing at the heart of today's event is the ITLE Euro Velasa University student branch. A community of young innovators who believe that technology is most powerful when it is guided by conscience.

[00:15:13]>> It is my privilege and honor to welcome you all to the international conference on computing engineering and technology in fetus 2026.

[00:15:25]Before we proceed further, allow me to introduce myself. I'm Charal Alipola and along with me, I'm delighted to have two of our very own students of the faculty of applied sciences, Miss Samisha Mahamagi and Mr. Hamsat Umar. Introduce myself together. We will be your host for this inaugural session. Delighted to have this year's impetus stands guided by a theme that goes beyond a statement.

[00:15:52]It is a responsibility we collectively uphold organization. Humanity first steering innovation for ethical impact because progress without purpose is only motions without meaning. Today we are encouraged to reflect more deeply not just on what we are capable to create but also on the intention behind our innovation and the people it is meant to serve. We are encouraged to every researcher who submitted their work to every academic who crossed a distance to be here and to every guest who joins us today. You are not just attendees of a conference. You are a part of a movement. And with that, ladies and gentlemen, we're delighted to begin the inaugural session of INAUS 2026. Not just summit conference. You are a part of a movement.

[00:16:49]>> And with that, ladies and gentlemen, we're delighted to begin the inaugural session.

[00:16:54]>> Thank you so much, madam. So, as is our cherished tradition, we inaugurate this auspicious gathering by lighting the traditional oil lamp. This beautiful ritual symbolizes the dispelling of darkness, welcoming the dawn of new knowledge, wisdom, and prosperity. We respectfully invite our respected dignitaries and invitees to step forward to light the lamp as their names are called. We warmly invite the vice chancellor of university, senior professor Kolith BBJ Seeker. Our guest speaker Mr. Dan Robert, country representative of Asia Foundation Sri Lanka and senior professor HMSK Herat, Dean, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Export Agriculture. Professor A. S. Ratnaka, Dean, Faculty of Applied Sciences.

[00:17:48]Professor KJC Sarata, Dean, Faculty of Technological Studies. Senior Professor Mvidana Patana, Dean, Faculty of Medicine.

[00:17:58]Mr. AMD DB Navaratna Dean Faculty of Management Deputy Librarian Dr. T.

[00:18:05]Praepan the acting registar Mr. AJM DNB NAL professor AP Hagami head of the department of science and technology Dr. JT Kore head of the department of applied earth sciences, professor EMU WJB Aayaka, head of the department of computer science and informatics. The conference chair, Professor Kwen Kumari, the conference secretary, Miss RP Abbead, our main sponsor representative, Miss Rukshani Vidarata, senior program manager, the Asia Foundation, the IT S branch chair for 2026 to 2027, Mr. Gihan Bima, the IT run branch immediate past share from 2024 to 2025, Mr. our city we are seeing her. Finally we invite one of the presenters of Impetus 2026 to join in light in the lamp.

[00:19:06]Thank you everyone.

[00:19:17]Also we would like to invite Professor for the event.

[00:24:27]Thank you so much everyone. So ladies and gentlemen now please rise for the university anthem of University of Sri Lanka.

[00:25:27]the last shoo.

[00:26:10]Foreign behavior.

[00:27:20]Fore speech.

[00:28:06]Hallelujah.

[00:28:12]Hallelujah.

[00:28:28]Thank you. Now we invite the podium the conference chair of impetus 2026 an inspiring academic leader who has guided the vision of this conference with a strong commitment to research excellence. Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome Professor KWSN Kumari to deliver the welcome speech.

[00:29:06]Very good morning everyone. Respective vice chancellors, distinguished guest, deans, professors, academic and administrative staff members and represent presenters, authors, my dear students and legit gentleman.

[00:29:26]As a conference chair, it is my great pleasure and honor to extend warm and heartfelt welcome to the first international conference on computing engineering and technology impetus 2026.

[00:29:43]Impetus 2026 is the pioneering academic in organized by faculty of applied science of the university of Sri Lanka incorated with the IT university student branch.

[00:30:01]The conferences centered announce centered around the theme humanifact.

[00:30:10]This conference emphasize ethical, human centered and multi-ip innovations in the field of computing, engineering and technology.

[00:30:22]The comparence called four papers under the four major technical tracks. First data science and artificial intelligence, computing and industrial information systems, robotic, megatonics and the embedded system and science and technology.

[00:30:43]We are delighted to announce that we receive 162 full paper submissions across the process.

[00:30:51]Following the to the double bind review process 61 papers were selected and today we are proud to publish 41 full paper in the conference proceedings.

[00:31:04]I am also pleasured to mention that impetus 2026 has attract and several international research contributions. We have received the papers from participants representing countries India, Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, Bangladesh, Germany and the USA.

[00:31:24]This international conference truly reflect their role in recognized global academic research in this conference.

[00:31:36]As a conference chair, I am especially proud that Impetus 2026 marks the launch of the first full paper international conference of the university with the DOI assigned proceedings which is indeed the significant milestone for for our institute as well as university.

[00:32:01]In par with the conference, we are also organized AI for all workshop series for academic administrative staff as well as students.

[00:32:13]In addition to that, a par panel discussion session on the future sustainable text was arranged to further enhance the knowledge and skill of both students and staff.

[00:32:27]At this moment I would like to first warmly welcome the chief guest of Impetus 2026 the vice chancellor of the university senior professor Kalandar secret. I warmly welcome sir to the sessions.

[00:32:45]It is guest honor and privilege to you present with us in this special occasion sir.

[00:32:53]I also extend my special welcome to the all our uh council members uh for this present today and also it is my great pleasure to welcome our keynote speaker professor ban hanbuk who join us online for from USA and also with your busy schedules thank you very much accepting our invitation and the delivering a keynote speak in this conference. Also, I would like to warmly welcome our guest speaker and main sponsor of the conference, Mr. Johan Robert, found representative of the Asian foundations. Thank you very much sir for your present today and for your valuable contributions to success with the conference.

[00:33:44]Then I warmly welcome all our panelist and the panel chairs and also members of the technical sessions and thank you very much for your traveling from your traveling from various places to representing the different part of the countries and uh for your very support and the engagement.

[00:34:08]Then I would like to warmly welcome deans of the faculty senior professor Sam professor Ratna professor and also senior professor and Mr. Navarata. Thank you very much sir for your present today.

[00:34:28]In addition to I extend my warm welcome all the directors of the centers and the unit and professors head of the departments uh librarians register bersa academic staff administrative staff and Mr. Jakata and his team and nonacademic staff and all the present today. I would like to also express my heart welcome to all presenters authors who are presenting their research findings both physically and online today. Finally, I would like to warmly welcome conference committee members and IT students uh community for their dedications, commitment and making this event very success.

[00:35:18]Also, I would like to make the special acknowledgement and warmly welcome Mr. Jang, senior program manager Asia Foundations. Thank you very much madam for your significant contribution and present today.

[00:35:35]I finally I would like to express my sincere gratitude to first vice chancellor uh and also our dean of the faculty professor a stratik. Thank you very much both sir for your valuable guidance continuous and encouragement and we are in supports for the every stage of the organizing this conference. Both of your leadership and the commitment have been the institute make in the impetus as a success. Once again I warmly welcome to you all to the impetus 2026 and I wish you the productive and significant and inspiring conference today. Thank you very much. Have a nice day to go.

[00:36:31]>> Thank you so much madam for those words.

[00:36:34]So we are now honored to welcome a leader whose dedication to academic excellence continues to shape the great landscape of the faculty of applied sciences at Overless University. Under his guidance, our faculty has grown into a space where curiosity is nurtured, research is celebrated and the students are inspired to think beyond boundaries.

[00:36:58]So please welcome to the podium the dean of the faculty faculty of applied sciences professor as Ratnika. A very warm welcome to you sir.

[00:37:24]Very good morning dear vice chancellor sir, keynote speaker, guest speaker and uh dean of the faculties registra bersa librarian all the uh invited participant including conference practic staff members de student presenters and ladies and gentlemen and it's my great pleasure and privilege to be here as the dean of the faculty of applied sciences in this inauguration ceremony of impetus 2026.

[00:38:00]So it's a international conference on computing engineering and technology.

[00:38:06]Impetus is a standard for abbreviation integration of multi-disiplinary pursuit of engineering technology and utility of science.

[00:38:17]So first I would like to give brief introduction about how this uh first IE conference is happened.

[00:38:25]Uh last year I impedes a generally a student uh journal magazine they published several articles related to the their innovation ideas and thoughts.

[00:38:37]So last time I gave a challenge to the le conference chair conference chairperson Mr. Vira Singh. if there is possible next time you can have a student conference as a called imbit. So he accepted that challenge after a few weeks uh he discussed with other academic staff members and he met me and he he and his team met me and uh said they are ready to take this challenge.

[00:39:05]So I appreciate their challenges and I said uh I will give my fullest cooperation to success this event. So this is the beginning of the first conference at the wellless University of Sri Lanka. I impas 2026 serve as the multi-disiplinary platform to foster intellectual exchange, promote research, collaborative research and impressent solutions that address the real world challenges by integrating the perspective from the computing engineering and applied sciences. This conference underscore the importance of the holistic thinking and cross disciplinary engagement in driving meaningful the process.

[00:39:48]So we believe every time whatever the situation of the development of the technology humanity is the best. So we have the wonderful theme that theme is humanity first is stirring innovation for the ethics impacts. So today uh the main keynote to speak is the professor brain Helen Brookke he will join online.

[00:40:10]He is from the Carlson University, USA.

[00:40:12]So he talked under the topic of the computerational mathematics application and advancement for advancing sustainable energy technologies. Guest address will be developed by Mr. Johan Robert. He's here today and he's the country representative of the Asia Foundation.

[00:40:33]So I must thank for the main sponsorship given by the Asia Foundation. So we had the uh project cyber security hub at the university. So we aligned this impedance workshop and conference align with this uh cyber security hub as well. So we have the uh four conference track and we have received as mentioned earlier 162 full papers. So we have the very tough and very thorough review process.

[00:41:03]So initially uh we select accepted only the 61 papers. So 18s were rejected after the reviewing process and 83 papers were disreged. So we need to keep the standard of this conference as international level. So finally 40 papers as accepted for the final publications. So in this le e conf conference so acceptance r is about 25%age the conference uh technical and publication process was conducted in align with the relevant IT le conference standard and formatting guidelines to ensure the quality consistency and the academic integrity to the publication of the research work. So today we as I mentioned earlier align 40 full papers uh and this will be officially published through the conference proceeding following the completion of the presentation and publication process.

[00:42:05]Furthermore all the published papers will be assigned digital objective identification what we call DOIs to ensure proper indexing citation accessibility and the long-term academic visibility of the research contribution.

[00:42:22]So I am confident that uh discussion presentation and the interaction at this conference will generate the impactful insights is strength academic and industrial partnerships and contribute to the global disclos on the ethical innovation. I extend our s sincere appreciation to the all the contributors, participants and organization members whose dedication and the hard work have made this event success. I warmly welcome you all to the university and I wish you a productive, inspiring and memorable conference experience. So finally this is the last moment that I have to address you as the dean of the faculty of applied sciences.

[00:43:08]So I take this opportunity to thank the all the stakeholders of the uh faculty of applied sciences including vice chancellors, dean of the faculties, register bersa, academic staff members, administrative staff members and um and my dear students and uh we uh applied faculty of applied sciences have maintained uh steady and effective progress with the great achievement and institutional level national level and international level. So thank you very much for your all contribution. Thank you very much again.

[00:43:54]Thank you sir. So we kindly request you to remain on stage as a token of appreciation has been arranged for you.

[00:44:03]So we now invite the conference chair professor KWSN Kumari to present the token of appreciation to professor as Ratnayaka dean faculty of applied sciences. This is Thank you so much the madame sir. So we now arrive at a moment that carries the full weight of this institution behind it. Our next speaker is the highest academic authority of university. A scholar and a leader who has steered this university with vision, integrity and commitment to make higher education a force for national development. So it is with great respect that we welcome the vice chancellor of university, senior professor Jessica to the stage, distra and all administrative staff members, heads of departments, professors, conference chair, president of ILA student branch, the track coordinators, track chairmans, resource persons, students, ladies and gentlemen physically present here and joining online. Welcome to OAS University and wishing you a very good morning.

[00:46:09]gives me a great pleasure to see the unfolding of this impetus 2026.

[00:46:18]The international conference organized by the student ar of E together with the faculty of appetite sciences in collaboration of Asia foundation.

[00:46:33]I'm very happy to see the progress made by the IT student branch over a very short period.

[00:46:44]This activity was initiated as a student exhibition and limited uh publication about 3 years ago and then the dean and the conference chair called on me and then discuss the this year's uh program and requested some funding from the university.

[00:47:17]So we of course funding the university level events some selected but this is the first time that we have taken a decision to fund a faculty event to this magnitude.

[00:47:32]So I'm very happy that that decision and the coll uh the the the funding came through the Asia foundation. very thankful and has yielded this international conference and as from the uh the speeches I gathered that there are about 160 plus uh full papers presented to this conference and that alone give the testament that the recognition that you have gained in the research community.

[00:48:18]Uh this overwhelming participation and the rigorous process that you have adapted uh has yielded that 40 odd papers now going to the conference u proceeding with the DOI for its visibility and wider publicity.

[00:48:35]So I'm not going to talk much uh as that I have to attend another meeting. Once again congratulations to all who have worked very hard. Conference chair, the dean of the faculty for his leadership, the student arm of it le the president and all this all the members and all those who have spent time uh reviewing uh finalizing the conference proceeding and arranging all of this that we are witnessing today. Thank you once again and I'm sure that you will have a very productive and fruitful deliberation when these uh presenters make their uh uh the presentation based on their publications. Uh and also the theme will be materialized with the knowledge generated and imparted today and our common aspiration towards the humanity and the impactful ethically impactful innovation. Thank you very much once again. Have a nice day.

[00:50:04]Thank you sir. Please remain on the stage for the token of appreciation. We now invite the dean of the faculty, faculty of applied sciences, professor as Ratnika to present the token of appreciation to our vice chancellor, senior professor call it the BBJ Suro.

[00:50:50]Thank you so much sir. So ladies and gentlemen, we have heard from the voices that shared this institution and now we mark a milestone. So the proceedings of impetus 2026 represent months of hard research, careful thought and academic dedication from researchers and scholars across disciplines and across borders.

[00:51:14]So it is now our privilege to witness the official launch of the impetus 2026 conference proceedings. As this compendium of research is officially launched, we are now moving to a ceremonial presentation. We respectfully invite the editor in chief Dr. Subash Shahari Dasa along with the co-editor Dr. Dantra to formally present the official copy of the impetus 2026 conference proceedings to our vice chancellor sir senior professor Kija Thank you very much gentlemen.

[00:52:42]Now we have reached the moment that many of us have been looking forward to the keynote address of Impetus 2026.

[00:52:51]to formally introduce our esteemed keynote speaker, Professor Brian Helen Brook. I'm honored to invite the head of the department of science and technology, professor AP Hagami, to the podium.

[00:53:22]Very good morning to everyone. Respected vice chancellor sir, deans of the faculties, distinguished guest, respected academic members, invited speakers, researchers, students and all participants of impetus 2026.

[00:53:40]It is my great honor and privilege to introduce our keynote speaker, Professor Brian Helen, a distinguished scholar, educator and researcher from Clarkson University, United States.

[00:53:55]Professor Handu serve as the painter prickman endowed professor in engineering science simulation and associate dean of graduate school at Clarkson University.

[00:54:09]is affiliated with mechanical aerospace engineering.

[00:54:14]The center for advanced material processing and mathematics reflecting the deeply interdisciplinary nature of his academic work.

[00:54:24]His academic journey is truly impressive.

[00:54:28]He earned his bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Notre Dame followed by his PhD in mechanical engineering from Prince Edon University.

[00:54:42]After his doctoral studies, he continue his research career as a post-doal researcher at Stanford University working on advanced computational simulation.

[00:54:55]He has also served as a faculty fellow at NASA Langley and NASA Kennedy further demonstrating the national and international relevance of his work.

[00:55:08]Professor Helen Brook's research lies at the intersection of computational mathematics, engineering simulation, fluid dynamics, heat transfer, and high order numerical methods. His work focuses on developing and applying advanced numerical simulation techniques for complex fluid flows and thermal processes.

[00:55:31]In particular, he has made important contribution to adaptive arbitrary langrangian uleran methods and high order finite element methods enabling more accurate and efficient simulations of singlephase and multiase flows.

[00:55:49]The impact of his work extend across a wide range of engineering applications including solidification modeling for silicon and aluminium manufacturing, droplet and spray modeling, aerodynamic optimization, ducted wind turbine design and renewable energy related manufacturing processes.

[00:56:12]His research on horizontal ribbon growth is especially meaningful as it address computational and engineering challenges connected to producing local single crystal silicon waffles for solar cells. So this is a powerful example of how advanced computational mathematics can directly support sustainable energy technologies.

[00:56:38]Beyond research, Professor Helen Brook is also a dedicated educator and mentor.

[00:56:44]Clarkson University records his teaching recognition, including the university distinguished teaching award and highlights his longstanding contribution to the supervising graduate students and advancing research training.

[00:57:01]His keynotes uh especially meaningful for impetus 2026 which emphasizes ethical human- centered and multiddisiplinary innovation.

[00:57:13]Professor Helen Brook's work beautifully reflects this spirit. It shows how rigorous mathematics, high performance computation and engineering innovation can be brought together to address real world challenges in energy, sustainability, manufacturing and society.

[00:57:34]So ladies and gentlemen, it is with great respect and pleasure that I invite Professor Brian Helen Brook to deliver his keynote address. So Professor Helen Brook, the floors is yours.

[00:57:52]Um, I'm honored to be invited to speak at this conference. I'm very impressed with everything the students have put together. It's been fantastic so far.

[00:58:01]So, uh, I hope to carry that forward.

[00:58:05]So, today I'm actually going to talk about some of the themes of the conference. Um, let me see if I can share my screen.

[00:58:16]Is it possible to share my screen?

[00:58:31]Let's see here. Seems to be disabled.

[00:58:45]So while we figure out what's going on with the screen sharing, I'll just talk a little bit.

[00:58:51]Um so my background is computational mathematics. I do a lot of high order numerical methods. Um I'm a mechanical and aerospace engineer.

[00:59:03]Um and my research is on developing numerical methods but also applying them. And so what I wanted to talk about today was applications of how applications and development of new numerical techniques go hand in hand.

[00:59:24]Um, so that's sort of the message that I'd like to convey and I still can't share my screen.

[00:59:33]Anybody have any idea how to fix that?

[01:00:04]Wow.

[01:00:26]Can anybody hear me? I'm not actually sure what's happening right now.

[01:00:33]Oh, that seems better. Let's try it now.

[01:00:35]There we go.

[01:00:40]Okay, thank you.

[01:00:58]from the introductions is basically this drive towards ethical solutions and letting applications guide your research. And I found this quote which is necessity is the mother of invention.

[01:01:10]It turns out no one really knows where that quote came from, but maybe it's sort of related to something Plato said long long ago. But what I'll talk about is how in my own research basically like applications have led me to new problems and and new advances.

[01:01:29]Um and so the context of this will be three sort of applied problems that I got involved in. One is crystal growth production of silicon wafers for solar cells. So, it's to produce green energy using the sun. The second one is a funny little problem that I got involved in because of a person that I was talking to in the gym. So, oddly enough, it just kind of came up, but that's part of also sort of my message is collaboration is is a great way to to get into new and interesting problems. And the last one is is ducted wind turbines, which is an area that I kind of got into because of another person that that was interested in that. And all these things have helped me do new and interesting things.

[01:02:14]So I thought I would just explain what horizontal ribbon growth is. For starters, um for for solar cells, you need to make a silicon wafer. And it's best if that wafer is single crystal, which means that the crystal structure is uniform through the entire thing. And this wafer here, I don't know if you can see my mouse or not, is about 150 microns to 300 microns thick. And horizontal gripping growth produces that. You basically melt a pool of silicon. You impinge a cold helium jet on the surface and that starts solidifying the silicon.

[01:02:51]And then you create this sheet and you continuously pull it and because it's growing here and you're pulling it, it sets up sets up a steady production process. And so that's what horizontal lubricant growth is. It's a process that's not been commercialized. So I got involved in this because of a company that was trying to commercialize this.

[01:03:10]And it turns out that what happens right at this triple junction point is key for understanding the physics. And so I'll talk a little bit about that and sort of what that's led to me to in sort of developing new numerical methods.

[01:03:25]So my job is this in this role is to do simulations and so I typically do things with high order finite elements. So this is HP finite elements. Um this is the basis you would use on a triangular element. And typically you use high order basis so maybe up to t equals 4.

[01:03:45]And then I'll show you some moving meshes and solidification fronts free surfaces all sorts of complex physics that you can include in this. It's not really the point, but it's kind of fun to see. And then I'll show you some of the the solutions that come out of it.

[01:04:00]So, this is the basic setup to simulate horizontal ribbon growth. This is the pool of molten silicon. This is a solid sheet. This blow up right here shows you where the helium jet comes out and impinges on the growing silicon. So, you're basically solving your Stokes equations in the liquid and the gas of helium. And then you're solving kind of convection and diffusion in this solid sheet right here. And so that's how you simulate the production process.

[01:04:30]And just to kind of give you a feel for the crazy things that happen. Um this is a simulation my postto made of miring effects um in horizontal growth. Shows you the velocity. This this middle one and then the upper one shows you the temperature field. I'm going to hit play and you can sort of see this becomes a chaotic flow.

[01:04:56]There's a jet because of the Marangoni effects which impinges on the surface that drives these unsteady oscillations and you get these oscillations in temperature these moving jets and that actually causes the thickness of the sheet. Um you can kind of see it moving here to vary which is a big problem for production and so this simulation actually helped them understand what they were coming up against and trying to make a steady production process.

[01:05:24]Uh let's stop that.

[01:05:29]And so that's that's just kind of gives you a feel for horizontal ribbon growth.

[01:05:33]But what I want to talk about is how getting involved in these applications brought me to new sort of numerical techniques and developing new sort of computational techniques. So we were studying the triple junction which is shown in this inset here and we were trying to understand the physics of that point because that point controls the entire rate at which you can can produce these uh these ribbons which actually determines the commercial value of the process process. So I was doing a grid refinement study study of this and trying to understand what happens and this is actually sort of an estimate of the percent error in those calculations with the number of degrees of freedom.

[01:06:15]So this is just me trying to understand how accurate my calculations were. You can see these are huge percent errors.

[01:06:21]So like 30% um down to 20%. And this is with we're going up to a million degrees of freedom in a 2D calculation which is kind of crazy. And then on these these is with a a polinomial basis of two and this is a polinomial basis of four. And you can see this is the convergence rate. I'm getting a convergence rate of 0.2 and you should be expecting for p= 4 to get a convergence rate of either four or five depending on what you're measuring. So something has gone horribly wrong here. And this was my first sort of inclination that we might have a problem. Um and so this is kind of applications driving some sort of innovation in terms of developing new ways to simulate things.

[01:07:07]So that was one thing that was happening. At the same time I was doing another problem and this is the problem that I was actually uh in the gym talking to a guy in physics and he's like can you solve igen value problems and he came to me with this igen value problem and I was like well sure I can solve this and that's kind of the fun of doing numerical work because you get involved in all sorts of different things which I don't know helps you learn a lot of new things too. So this problem I was supposed to solve and they wanted to get the solution this physicists wanted solutions to eight significant digits. So it was a real strain on accuracy and I knew there was an analytic solution when so this co-angent of side determines the shape of the domain. If it's zero it's a rectangular domain. If it's square to two you get this funky shaped domain like this for the value problem. And so I started looking at that and I did sort of a validation case and this is just that square domain where S equals Z and with P= 4 polinomials but I got eight significant digits of accuracy. The answer should be C2 and you get 1.999999 eight significant digits and so that was great. I was super excited. I was like okay everything's working. And then I switched to this problem which had this different shaped domain and suddenly instead of eight significant digits I went down to five significant digits. So somewhere around here and I lost three orders of magnitude of accuracy and actually I had a finer mesh than I did on that other one. So this became an sort of another application which was sort of driving me to think about new ways to simulate sort of these differential partial differential equation solutions. And the reason that this actually starts happening is I'm starting to understand why it happens at this point because I'm looking at these problems is that because of these boundary conditions this is supposed to be constant temperature and this is supposed to be a vertical temperature gradient. the second derivative of the solution goes to infinity at this point and that's what we call a singular point. So it's really that you have a singular point in the domain that suddenly you're losing all this accuracy and instead of having a nice high order finite and own method you're actually getting just typical first or sometimes even lower than first order accuracy accuracy and then I'll show you one more application just for fun. Um this is another one that I got involved in which was an act which is actually ducted wind turbines. So again producing green energy. Um it's hard to see in here but there's a a disc here. This is an symmetric calculation. So there's a disc here. The flow is from bottom to top and it goes through the disc. The disc is an actuator disc which models the the blade of the turbutin and that creates a weight here and you get this uh typical wake expansion which is because the flow here is slowed down because you've drawn energy out of it and so you you apply a pressure jump to model the blades and so that's just given by delta P is some function of velocity across the rotor disc and this is a nice way to do fast calculations and what we were doing it for was ducted wind turbines Um, ducted wind turbines have been shown to create more power per unit area than in just a standard open rotor. And so we were looking at that for possible um emergency applications where you need to boy power into remote applications.

[01:10:34]And so we were trying to figure out how to optimize the duct to create the most power as possible.

[01:10:39]>> And so that's the application. And then as I started to look at this, this is actually the pressure near the extra disc. So this is the extra disc here.

[01:10:48]This is the high pressure upstream, low pressure downstream. And you can see that this point the pressure is actually discontinuous. It goes from red to blue in zero distance. And so this point is also a singular point. And so again the applications are leading me to something which is showing me that that we need something different to simulate this stuff because this thing is not even converging at first order accuracies even though I have all these higher elements. So we have a problem and the applications have led me to the problem.

[01:11:17]And so next what I'll talk about is is an innovative solution. And I'll have to say like these kinds of things have happened to me all throughout my career.

[01:11:27]You know I get involved in an application and you find challenges and those challenges lead you to new research questions. So all three of the applications have singular singular points. All three have suboptimal convergence. And so as I said here, new new we need new techniques for numerically simulating problems with singular points.

[01:11:47]>> Okay, so this is I'll just give you a little quick overview of what happens at a singular point and why these things go badly. This is the typical form of this behavior near a singular point. You get this r to the lambda and lambda is typically non- integer. So it's like 1.2 2 for example, which means that they take the derivative of it and that goes to infinity either first or second depending on the value of lambda. If lambda is 6 for example, then the derivative goes to infinity. If lambda is 1.2, then the second derivative goes to infinity. And those derivatives going to infinity cause your solutions to not converge. And there's an example of that. This is just an analytic solution based on that sort of decomposition.

[01:12:30]Um, and I'll show you a calculation which 100% converge which is what I just told you. So I do a mesh refinement study and these are the convergence rates. This is L infinity norm which is the maximum error over the domain and this is the L2 norm over the domain.

[01:12:46]This is with = 1, P= 2 and P= 4. These are all supposed to converge at different rates. So it's be first order, second order and fourth order. But they all converge at exactly the same rate and that rate is 2/3 for the L infinity norm which is really slow and and 4/3 for the L2 norm. So again that verifies that that doesn't work. And so then I started really thinking about different ways to do this and I'm pretty excited about this possibility. So instead of using this is the idea that I have for sort of solving these problems.

[01:13:22]Um instead of using XY coordinates to do the simulations, we're going to switch to a new coordinate system which I call theta and row. Theta is your typical theta which is the angle around the singular point. But row is the log of the radius divided by some outer radius.

[01:13:38]Okay? So that's a logarithmic coordinate in radius. And because r goes to zero, row goes from negative infinity to zero.

[01:13:46]And so if I map that solution for the singular point into those coordinates, it becomes e to the row lambda and then some sine of theta. This function is infinitely smooth in those coordinates.

[01:14:01]So unlike the other functions which we looked at which had derivatives that went to infinity, this function is infinitely smooth. And the only problem is that the domain goes to negative infinity. So I modify slightly the dimension of row so that it truncates um at basically r log of r epsilon / r0 which is like a negative number. So you have a negative number to zero. So you have some instead of going to negative infinity you go to some finite negative number and that will be on that domain this function is infinitely smooth. So let's see how that works.

[01:14:34]So this is the domain. Now instead of this domain since it's the one we were working on before, we're working on this rectangular domain. This is the theta coordinate and then this is this new row coordinate which should go to truncate the doain.

[01:14:51]And so I'll do a mesh refinement. So the calculations being done on this domain.

[01:14:55]This is just showing you what this domain looks like in physical space.

[01:15:00]and then do mesh refinement again and again and again and these are now the errors. So this is p= 1 and that actually is converging with first order accuracy. This is p = 2 which is converging with second order accuracy and this is p= 4 which is converging with fourth order accuracy. So now suddenly I'm getting fourth order accuracy. These things plateau a little bit and that's because of that truncation of the domain.

[01:15:27]So if I don't truncate the domain and I actually well if I truncate the domain at a much longer distance instead of86 then those airs shrink and I get basically fifth or fourth order convergence second order convergence and some first order convergence for all my resolutions and so that is how applications have sort of helped me develop this new technique um for simulating problems which have singular points have singular points >> and And we're kind of going, this is now future work, but where we're going with it is that um we're going to wrap a domain or this will be an airflow calculation, which airflow calculations are probably the most important calculations in all of aerodynamics.

[01:16:10]And it turns out that this point is a singular point. And so for all these years, even trying to use high order methods, air foil air foil calculations have not converged with with high order accuracy. And it's because this point is singular. So what we're going to do is use three distinct coordinate systems.

[01:16:27]On this domain we'll have an arclength coordinate system plus a row coordinate system which is similar to what I used on the other domain. So this will be a log of r coordinate. Here I'll do the same thing. It would be log r theta just like I did in the previous ones. And then we have to match these boundaries together. But that's not really hard.

[01:16:45]You match um just like a periodic boundary. You match across here and here. And then you have to do some sort of mapping from this curve domain into the normal physical domain here. I'll show you what that looks like here. So this would be the outer domain. This is being done in XY coordinates.

[01:17:02]This is the row S domain which is kind of that boundary layer mesh which is wrapped around the air foil. And then this is row theta which is that trailing edge mesh which is right at the tip of the the thing. And in physical space it looks like this. So this is the s row uh coordinates. This is the row theta coordinates and then this is the xy coordinates. And these all have to be coupled across these boundaries. And so these calculations are now being done in these different coordinate systems and that actually works just fine. Um so this is a moderately low Reynolds number calculation of flow over an air foil and you can see all the the behaviors coupled together.

[01:17:46]And then if I look at the pressure, you can see that now I'm starting to resolve the singular pressure behavior right at the trailing edge. And I haven't actually finished this. This is still kind of ongoing work, but I'm hoping to show you that in the future that we'll have high order convergence to problems with for air foil trailing sharp trailing edges, which will be the first time that that's been done. So I'm pretty excited about that.

[01:18:11]So um to conclude uh you know for the students out there I think applications and collaboration are key to innovation.

[01:18:21]>> So a lot of these problems you know weren't my idea right I kind of was talking to someone and they said hey we could use your help simulating this and I got involved in that and I think you know I I knew really very little about these songs before starting. So I I encourage the students to kind of you know be open to new things to take the things that you know and apply them in new areas. I think that's the way that we make most of our advancements is by by moving into new areas and to bringing new tools into places where they haven't been applied before. And so just be willing to attack new challenges and and and you know take on those sort of scary new problems that you don't really know that much about. And I would say that over my career, this is just one example, but this has happened to me many many times where I get involved in something and I realize, oh, you know what, we don't know how to do this. We need to do a better we need we need to be able to do this better. And so, you know, I just find it to be quite fun. So, I wish you guys all the best and I hope that the conference goes well. Um, thank you very much for the invitation. I'd be happy to take any questions. Any questions?

[01:19:38]If I can. If I can >> It seems like they don't get any questions. So, thank you, Professor Herbrook, for your valuable insight.

[01:19:59]>> Thank you very much for inviting me.

[01:20:16]So behind every conference like this one, there is a story, months of preparation, countless hours of coordination and a shared belief that bringing minds together creates something greater than any of anyone.

[01:20:31]could achieve a lot. So we now invite you to sit back and experience that story.

[01:20:38]>> Thank you for inviting me >> for the Infus 2026 conference highlighting video.

[01:20:44]>> No problem. No problem.

[01:20:46]>> Yeah, no problem. No big deal. Thank you very much for everything. Good luck with you guys. We'll see you later.

[01:20:54]>> See you later. Thank you so much.

[01:21:47]Just give us few minutes till they fix the technical issue. Please Until we fix that technical issue, let's move forward. So now to formally introduce our distinguished guest speaker for today, Mr. Johan Robert, whose presence adds great value to this occasion through his experience and expertise.

[01:22:30]I'm honored to invite the head of the department of applied earth sciences, Dr. JT K to the stage, distinct guest, deans of the faculties, registra, bersa and other academic and unacademic staff of the university and students and delegates of the impetus 2026. Good morning to all of you. As we gather here today to at the intersection of the technology and entrepreneurship, our goal is to explore how research can transcend to solve most pressing challenges of our time. To guide us in this exploration, we are incredibly honored to invite a guest speaker who has spent his career at the very heart of social transformation and regional development. It is our honor to introduce Mr. Yan Robert the country representative of the Asia Foundation in Sri Lanka. Yan is a visionary leader with over two decades of experience across South Asian landscape. From his early early work in peace building and conflict resolution to his strategic leadership role in Cambodia and Moldives. He has consistently championed the idea that progress is only sustainable when it is inclusive and datadriven.

[01:24:00]At the Asia Foundation, Yuan oversee a vast portfolio that addresses the complexities of the modern era from strengthening sub national governance and promoting gender equality to navigating the frontier of digital resilience and cyber security.

[01:24:17]For this audience, Yan's perspective is vital. He remind us that the research we conduct and the data we analyze do not exit in the vacuum. They meant to serve people to provide justice and to build more resilient communities. Mr. Han's roots in peace studies from the University of Bradford and his extensive experience with the British High Commission and the International Alert give him a unique vantage point on how technical innovation can be forced for social good. So ladies and gentlemen, please join with me to welcome Mr. Johan Robert to the podium as our guest speaker.

[01:25:16]Good morning.

[01:25:20]Every 39 seconds, somewhere in the world, a hacker successfully breaches a network.

[01:25:29]By the time I conclude this address, more than 15 major cyber attacks will have occurred globally.

[01:25:38]We have moved far beyond the era where cyber security was relegated to a back office IT concern.

[01:25:47]Today it is a pillar of national security, economic stability and fundamental personal privacy.

[01:25:57]And I would add it is increasingly a question of social equity as those with the least resources are often the ones with least protection.

[01:26:08]Good morning again and it's genuinely an honor to be here at UA Velaser University today. On behalf of the Asia Foundation, I would like to extend our sincere gratitude to vice chancellor senior professor Kolith B. Vijay Seura for his leadership and for his warm welcome.

[01:26:29]I would also like to warmly thank professor Amilar Rata, Professor Kumari and and their team for the exceptional organization of this conference. Events like this one that brings together students, academics and practitioners around subjects as critical as cyber security are exactly the kind of investment in our collective future that Sri Lanka needs. It is a privilege to contribute to that conversation.

[01:27:01]As we stand in 2026, the global cost of cyber crime is projected to exceed $10.5 trillion annually.

[01:27:11]This landscape has been fundamentally reshaped by the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence.

[01:27:20]While we leverage AI for defense, threat actors are utilizing it to automate fishing campaigns and orchestrate deep fake social engineering attacks that are virtually indistinguishable from legitimate communications. And we've seen that play out very actively in Sri Lanka over the last few weeks.

[01:27:42]A phone call from your bank, a voice message from your child, an urgent email from your CEO.

[01:27:52]None of these can be taken at face value anymore.

[01:27:56]The era of simple password theft has been replaced by a more insiduous reality.

[01:28:04]90% of breaches now involve compromised digital identities.

[01:28:09]In this environment, your identity, not the network, is the new perimeter.

[01:28:17]Turning our attention to the domestic front, Sri Lanka is at a pivotal juncture.

[01:28:23]As we aggressively transition towards a digital economy, targeting a 12% contribution to our GDP by 2030, our attack surface has expanded proportionately.

[01:28:37]According to Sri Lanka, we witnessed over 12,650 reported incidents in the last year alone and that number represents only what is reported and what we know. The true scale is almost certainly far far greater.

[01:28:54]The most vulnerable among us are often the first to be targeted.

[01:28:59]Our elderly citizens face impersonation scams where AI mimics the voices of loved ones to solicit emergency funds.

[01:29:10]Our youth are increasingly exposed to cyber harassment and manipulation on social platforms. Our small and medium enterprises, the very engine of our economy, contributing over 50% of national output, frequently find themselves one ransomware attack away from permanent closure.

[01:29:33]And as our rural communities embrace digital services for the first time, they are being targeted by predatory fraudulent loan schemes and fake employment offers circulated through social media.

[01:29:48]So these are not abstract statistics.

[01:29:51]These are real people as you know with real livelihoods and with real consequences.

[01:29:59]So this is precisely the space where the age foundation has chosen to act. As an international nonprofit organization working across Asia and the Pacific, the Asia Foundation has long recognized that cyber security is not mere merely a technical challenge. It is a development challenge and development challenges require community level solutions through the Asia-Pacific Cyber Security Fund made possible with support from Google.org RG and in partnership with the cyber peace institute and the global cyber alliance the foundation is working along with our partners in Sri Lanka to strengthen the cyber capabilities of over 300,000 underserved micro and small businesses nonprofits and social enterprises across 13 location or 13 countries in the Asia- Pacific region here in Sri Lanka the mission is being translated into tangible action in Sri Lanka. The program aims to educate and equip 13,000 micro, small and medium businesses with the skills necessary to navigate cyber security threats through training sessions along with the university here uh that have been planned across all nine provinces.

[01:31:19]That means a batique seller in Kurinagala, a tech startup in Japna and an agri exporter in the Uber province.

[01:31:28]all have access to the same foundational cyber knowledge.

[01:31:33]A key component of this initiative is the development of a structured cyber hygiene online course delivered through suhurus.lk a dedicated learning management system ensuring that essential cyber security knowledge reaches businesses and students in a scalable and sustainable manner. The curriculum covers cyber hygiene practices, digital risk awareness and practical tools, not theoretical frameworks written for IT professionals, but accessible applicable guidance for everyday business owners and firsttime digital users.

[01:32:12]The program also pays special emphasis on women in a bid to enhance participation in economic activity and ensure that digital inclusion does not replicate existing inequalities in society. We are proud to be doing this work here in partnership with institutions like the UASA University because univers universities are not just centers of learning they are multipliers.

[01:32:38]The students in this room today will become the entrepreneurs, civil servants, the engineers, the policy makers of tomorrow. And the cyber habits, the cyber habits that you form today will shape the resilience of this nation for decades to come.

[01:32:57]Sri Lanka is not a passive observer at the national level either. We are implementing the national cyber security strategy and the progress is measurable.

[01:33:07]We hope that the cyber security bill which will establish a national cyber security agency will be enacted soon to help enforce mandatory data protection and security standards.

[01:33:21]In conclusion, digitization is the essential engine of Sri Lanka's future growth. We aspire to a paperless government and a tech export sector valued at$5 billion.

[01:33:36]But while digitization is the engine, cyber security is the braking system. In high performance environments, we do not have brakes to slow us down. We have them so that we can safely navigate at high speed. The work being done by government, by universities like this one is building that breaking system.

[01:34:00]But it only works if every one of us takes personal responsibility for our part. So let us embrace this digital revolution with both ambition and vigilance.

[01:34:13]Together we can build a nation that is not not only highly connected but deeply resilient.

[01:34:21]Stay connected, stay informed, stay vigilant.

[01:34:25]Thank you very much for your patient listening and wishing you a successful conference today. Thank you.

[01:34:38]>> Thank you very much for your patience.

[01:34:47]>> Thank you so much Mr. Joan Robert for those updated speech. So as a mark of our gratitude for your presence and your words today we would like to present you with a token of appreciation.

[01:34:59]So for that we respectfully invite the dean of the faculty faculty of applied sciences professor Arame and our conference chair professor Ken Kumari to step forward and jointly faculty forward and jointly.

[01:35:47]Thank you so much everyone. So can you please direct your attention again to the screen for the IMP 2026 conference highlighting video.

[01:36:00]>> Thank you so much.

[01:36:32]Heat. Heat.

[01:37:27]Heat. Heat.

[01:40:32]Thank you. Every moment of this inaugural session, from the first light of the oil lamp to the powerful words that we have heard, has been made possible by the dedication and tireless efforts of an extraordinary team working behind it. It is now time to pose and acknowledge that with the gratitude it deserves. Please welcome to the podium the conference secretary of impetus 2026 Miss RP AB to deliver the vote of thankserves.

[01:41:08]Please vice chancellor of university senior professor esteemed guest of IN petas 2026 council members deans of the faculties librarian bersa register Representative tattoos from Asia Foundation, academic and administrative head, organizing committee of the impetus 2026, authors, presenters, participants and my dear students, ladies and gentlemen, wishing you a very good morning at the beginning.

[01:42:00]Impedance 2026 international conference on computing engineering and technological organized by the faculty of applied sciences of university in collaboration with IT student branch.

[01:42:16]So it was initiated with the vision of creating multi-disiplinary uh collaboration and meaningful academic engagement conducted under the theme humanity first steering the innovation for ethical impact. Uh so the init 2026 brings the innovation and also all the researchers academics industry professionals in students to share their academic researches.

[01:42:45]memorable occasion. It's my great pleasure and honor to and privilege to deliver the word of thanks on behalf of the organizing committee of in Peters 2026.

[01:42:58]first and foremost even though uh he's not in seas uh so I'm like to express my sincere gratitude to our vice chancellor sir senior professor kita bbj uh for uh having like confidence in us to achieve this success in eus 2026 and guiding us everywhere and whenever we wanted. So thank you so much to our vice chancellor sir for his support and unwavering uh support he's given to us.

[01:43:34]So following that I like to extend our deepest appreciation to the dean of faculty of applied sciences professor Amir Ratna.

[01:43:45]So for his valuable guidance, continuous encouragement and the unwavering support provided throughout the journey of organizing in Peters 2026.

[01:43:56]Sir, your vision, leadership and the guidance have been truly valuable and it is the guiding light behind this successful event. So we warmly thank you for your contribution and support.

[01:44:10]Also I will take this as a opportunity to thank all the deans of the faculties and head of the departments and the academic members who are present today for this inaugural ceremony of impedance 2026.

[01:44:24]Also, we are deeply honored by the presence of our esteemed guest, keynote speaker of impetus 2026, Professor Brian Helen Brook, professor in engineering science simulation, associate dean of graduate school, Clarkson University, USA, who is joining online today here with us from USA. Thank you so much for our keynote speaker. Also, I will take this opportunity to thank Mr. Jan Robert, country representative, the Asia Foundation uh who is with us today and who will be uh like have given already a very uh insightful speech for the audience.

[01:45:07]We also extend our sincere appreciation to all the invited session shelves, technical session panel members of the four tracks and the five technical sessions which will be about to begin and the distinguished members joining today for the panel discussion. Your expertise and academic presence add immense value to technical and intellectual discussion of the conference.

[01:45:36]Furthermore, we would also like to extend our sincere appreciation to all sponsors and supporting partners who are contributed to our conference success.

[01:45:49]In particularly our deepest and most special appreciation goes to Asia Foundation for their unwavering and tremendous support uh through our this session. We are especially grateful for Miss Rukshani Vidyaratna senior program manager of Asia Foundation and Mr. Johan Robert. Once again I thank you both of you to coming here and supporting us to make this uh conference actually a success.

[01:46:20]At the same time we thankful for uh other uh sponsors as well as who have sponsored this event like Western Pepe Industries for partnering with us with this impetus 2026 and their generous support for the conference arrangement.

[01:46:40]Also we like to extend our heartful gratitude to Microte Biological Private Limited through financial assistant to support the success of conference journey. Meanwhile, our sincere appreciation goes to the IT unit also the audio visual unit and especially Mr. Jagatila and his dedicated team to uh provide the continuous technical support and operation to make the conference technical arrangement also we like to thank uh our media team of the conference in Peters 2026 uh along with the leading of Mr. PDP.

[01:47:22]So I would like to thank his team as well for the technical support throughout this conference.

[01:47:29]At the same time, this heartfelt thank is also extended to all the organizing committee members of the impetus 2026 who are contributed to the success of the conference through numerous activities throughout the program.

[01:47:51]Also we are thankful to all the academic members, administrative heads and the university nonacademic staff who supported us in numerous administrative technical operational matters.

[01:48:05]Further to all the authors and presenters of IN Peters 2026, thank you for your valuable research contribution and choosing in Peters as a platform to share your scholarly work, ideas and innovations.

[01:48:23]Additionally, we warmly acknowledge all our online and physical participants joining us here today. Your participation truly strengthen us. the collaboration to do multiple disciplinary researches, knowledge sharing and this is the spirit of our conference.

[01:48:43]Finally, the most important and our very special thank goes to IT G student branch of the UW for initiating this vision and the idea behind the impedance 2026. So what began was as an idea the the admission students and the students who are working with it e branch of UW now it has become a reality so today here you can witness that reality through INES 2026 so with the numerous and dedicated hard work now we are here today by inauguration ceremony of the impetus 2026 like we are going to initiate with the conference of faculty of applied sciences In this regard we sincerely thank for the former chairperson Mr. Aini Vir Singh of Ile student branch and the current chair Mr. Ghan Bims uh the current chair of the ITLE D student branch and his team members and the volunteers who are organizing this conference event.

[01:49:57]A very special appreciation also extended to the student de development team of the IT E branch for successfully developing the triple E in Peter's website and also my thank also goes to the designing team who have done a contribution by designing a very creative content for our customers.

[01:50:20]Last but certainly not, we would like to thank everyone who worked tirelessly behind the scenes even with the small responsibilities and unseen arrangement within the conference act. the technical support, logistics, welfare activities and every supporting task carried out with the dedication and commitment. Your every single contribution has made valuable in making in Peters 2026 a reality and a success. As we officially commence in Peters 2026, we hope that this conference will be meaningful discussion, valuable collaboration, innovative idea and memorable experiences for every present everyone here today. So wishing you all the very best and good luck with your technical sessions as well and wishing you all a very fruitful engagement and successful conference and thank you very much.

[01:51:41]Thank you so much madam. So now ladies and gentlemen we have reached the close of the inaugural session of impetus 2026. What began with mourning in with the lighting of the oil lamp has grown into something far greater. A gathering of minds united by a single powerful conviction. So to our distinguished guests, our keynote speaker, our faculty and every researcher present here today.

[01:52:08]Thank you for being part of this moment.

[01:52:11]And to every participant joining us virtually from across the world, your presence reminds us that knowledge has no borders. So ladies and gentlemen, we now invite you to rise for the national anthem of Sri Lanka.

[01:52:32]remind us in the National Motherfal.

[01:53:39]Hallelujah.

[01:53:56]Happy Hallelujah.

[01:54:51]Hallelujah.

[01:55:09]Hallelujah.

[01:55:20]The Lord Thank you so much everyone. So the inaugural session of impetus 2026 is now formally concluded and refreshments have been arranged. So we We warmly invite all staff members, academics and guests to make your way to the lobby of the staff learning centers. And for the students, your refreshments will be served here at the auditorium. So following the refreshment break, we kindly request everyone to return to this venue by 11:15 a.m. as the panel discussion will commence here promptly at that time. So we look forward to seeing you back in this hall.

[01:56:28]Ladies and gentlemen, can I have your attention please? So before we wind up the session to have a group photograph, may I invite all the distinguished guests.