Gliese 436b, a 'hot Neptune' discovered in 2004, is a planet with a surface temperature of approximately 800°F that paradoxically contains ice due to its immense gravitational pressure, which raises the melting point of water so significantly that ice can remain solid despite the extreme heat. This planet, located 32-33 light years away in the constellation Leo, orbits its star Luyten (Noquisi) and features a massive comet-like tail of hydrogen gas stretching millions of miles behind it, formed as the planet migrated closer to its star and experienced intense radiation heating its atmosphere.
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A Planet Made of Hot Ice?!?本站添加:
I know I say this a lot, but I can't believe Sagi opened his own movie theater.
>> I know, not exactly the best business [music] model playing old silent movies, but we do get a little family reunion while we're here.
>> What do you mean?
>> Well, some of the silent movies they're playing are going to feature some of mine and Sagi's relatives from the early 1900s. [music] >> No kidding.
>> Yep. So, we're going to be able to see our great great grandparents. Oh, here we go.
>> People actually paid to watch this stuff?
>> Yeah, it was a long time ago, though. I think it only cost like a hay penny.
>> What's a hay penny?
>> Oh, it was like a regular penny, but it would be [music] like, "I'm a penny."
>> What?
>> It's pretty advanced for its time.
>> Can you keep it down? I'm trying to read the movie.
>> All right, guys. I got the snacks.
>> Nice. What did you get?
>> We're low on a lot of options, so I got a hot ice slurpee.
>> What?
>> It was the last one.
>> A what?
>> A hot ice slurpee. It's not half bad.
You want some?
>> I'm good for now.
Where do they even get hot ice slurpees?
>> If I had to guess, Gliese 436b, >> [music] >> the planet of burning ice.
>> A planet of burning ice? What's next? A silent movie with surround sound?
Let me try.
That is delicious.
>> I know, right?
>> What do you say we get more of these hot ice slurpees, and Roberta can tell us about them on the way?
>> Hot ice planet's scientific name is Gliese 436b.
This planet was discovered in August 2004. Another name for it is Ulali. This name translates to eagle in Cherokee. This name originates from a Cherokee story where an eagle flies close to the sun to deliver a prayer, resulting in the sun kissing its tail feather. This connects to [music] the planet itself, which has a massive comet-like tail of hydrogen. Scientists estimate that the planet's surface temperature is around 800° F. This temperature is much hotter than scientists first [music] expected. This means that something is making it hotter, and the leading theory is a greenhouse effect similar to Earth's, but something is significantly [music] different. Even though the planet is hot, they believe it is made of a lot of ice. On Earth, ice freezes at 32° F.
Now, the pressure on Earth is sort of low, but on the hot ice planet, pressure is incredibly high, which means that the melting point of water rises a lot. So, ice can form even though [music] it's so hot. And all this high pressure comes from the amount of gravity the planet has. And planets with more mass have higher gravity. So, from the beginning, a lot of mass equals a lot of gravity equals a lot of pressure equals ice being able to stay ice even though it's so hot. And even even were touching the ice there, it would be hot, which is an extreme thing to even imagine. Scientists think this planet probably formed farther [music] away from its star, where it was colder.
In that colder region, planets can gather lots of light gases like hydrogen and helium, similar to gas giants. But over time, the planet moved closer towards its star. Once the planet moved closer, it began receiving much stronger radiation and charged particles from its star. This intense energy heated the planet's up and atmosphere, which is mostly made of hydrogen and helium.
Because hydrogen is very light, the heat, radiation, and solar wind pushes the gas away from the planet, stretching [music] it out behind the planet as it orbits. This creates a huge cloud and a long tail, similar to what we see with comets. This tail can stretch millions of miles behind the planet, too.
>> Wow, there it is. We can finally get another HOT ICE SLURPY.
>> I'M [screaming] A STREET MAGICIAN.
I'M RIDING the coattails of my blue puppet sidekick and a brown alien KICKBALL WITH GLASSES.
>> WORD. Very funny, but those hot ice slurpies you wanted are right in front of us. Oh, my mouth is watering. Quick, zap this bad boy so we can get some more of that HOT ICE.
>> YEAH.
>> AH, YES. IT IS I, Gliese 436b.
Very hot, very cold. How may I help you today?
>> Honestly, I was just hoping we could land on you and get more of your hot ice for slurpies.
>> Land on me? Impossible. Be crushed by my intense pressure. I crush you.
>> It'd be worth it. These hot ice slurpies are delicious.
>> Oh, I would give you some, but I'm very busy, very busy.
>> Doing what?
>> Well, I'm practicing.
>> For what?
>> To be an actor. [cough] Do you think I've got goods?
>> If I say yes, can we have some hot ice?
>> Definitely.
>> Then oh yeah, you're destined for stardom.
>> Oh, thank goodness. I didn't think a planet like me would be able to make it big in the big leagues.
>> What kind of planet even are you?
>> [music] >> This planet is what's called a hot Neptune, and they're pretty special.
This planet is what is called a hot Neptune. A hot Neptune is an actual planet with a mass similar to Neptune's, but it's much closer to the sun, meaning it's hot. This planet orbits the star Luyten, which is also named Noquisi, which is Cherokee for star. This planet is in the constellation Leo, within our own Milky Way galaxy, about 32 to 33 light years away from Earth, which is nearly 194 trillion miles. That means that if you drove 100 miles per hour to it in a straight line, it would take you 221 million years to reach it. This planet is also thought to be really big, measuring almost 35,000 miles across.
That's more than four times bigger than Earth.
>> Ah, these hot ice slurpees really are delicious. I'm glad we made the trip.
>> [music] >> Hey, I wonder if the hot ice planet ever got its big break.
>> Shh, the movie's about to start.
>> [music] [music] [music] >> Hey guys, thanks for watching. Like every video of mine, there's a super secret hidden coupon code in it.
Try to find it. If you do, you can get money off of my merch, [music] so good luck. Now on to my patrons on Patreon who keep this channel alive. Special thanks to you, Sunshine Sparkle and the pups, Body and Wren Turner, the Gouty Bros and Mabsy, Grace Mosher, Felix Casper and Nora Rosen, Penny and Liam Drury, Rebecca Beanie, Luke Reposa, Colman and Kira Flanagan, Lava Liam, Levi and Julian Cooney, Nolan Jordan, Asa B, Arlo B, Toothless and Mama, Sam and Eddie from London, J.J. Schmidt, Jasper Source Rex, Atticus, Hawthorne and Willow Tree, Layla Delgado, Ivy and Afton, Zade and Jude Brenton, Lennon McCatney Jones, Paige, Avalon and Cash, Jack and his awesome dad, Jonathan George Chessleton Kent, Connor [music] and Emma B, Max C, Gavin and Ian Eshtay, Gavin and Hayden Hogan, Connor LaCoque [music] and family, Eric Costilla, Maddie Gator, Monetta and her cats Fluffy and Tiana, Marley and Lennon Kimsey, Andrew Carpenter, Jason the Kid Parker, Connor Higgins, Stephen McPhee, the Snell kids, Oliver V and Kristen, Julian Jackson and Jacob, William and Joe, Zane and Asher Davis, Catalina Ryan from Dublin, Ireland, Gavin Mydal, Sultan, Judy, Norita, Jack Hartsler, George Summers, Ari Hussein, Alexander W, Roman Mars, Odin, Tyson and Mocha, Jackie B, Eli and Hobie, Oshi, Clifford, Walt Fulton, Henry, Theo, Liam and Max from Massachusetts, Dominic Pimm, Carter, Levi and Fletcher Crawford, Connor Pendergrass, [music] Laser Rosen, Sammy Osif, C.J. Coleman, Ada S, Ocean Casey, Nolan and Reagan Capitan, [music] Macy and Cammie Wagner, Asher Evans, Jameson, Nolan and Lilly, Laney, Maddie and Henry, Evan Lee, [music] Sophie and Remy Keffer, Bert, Kate, Ross, Lindy, and Pepper, James [music] N, Koochan115, and Road Max and Raiden Z. If you're still watching, I bet you want your name in my next video. And you're like, "How do I do it?" Well, you just go to patreon.com/misterdimayo.
And by joining, you can get your name in my next video, see my videos early, help me pick my next topic, and more. Once again, visit patreon.com/misterdimayo or click the link in the description box. Thanks for watching, guys.
>> [music] [music] [music]
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