The Bay of Pigs Invasion (April 17-19, 1961) was a failed CIA-backed operation where 1,400 Cuban exiles, trained in Guatemala and authorized by President Eisenhower, attempted to overthrow Fidel Castro's revolutionary government; the invasion failed due to Kennedy's cancellation of air support, inadequate intelligence, and strong Cuban resistance, resulting in the exiles' surrender and pushing Castro toward Soviet alliance, which set the stage for the Cuban Missile Crisis.
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Bay of Pigs Invasion 1961: The Failed U.S.-Backed CoupAdded:
President Eisenhower signs the covert Operation Pluto Plan, authorizing CIA recruitment of Cuban exiles.
Cuban exiles train in Guatemala, learning guerrilla tactics. While President Kennedy announces the aim to overthrow Castro's regime and restore democracy in Cuba.
On April 17th, Brigade 2506 departs Cienfuegos aboard ships and landing craft, heading toward the Bay of Pigs.
Kennedy orders the cancellation of the second wave of air Cuban forces under Fidel Castro watch the invading exiles land at Playa Girón, ready with artillery and militia.
Intense fighting erupts. Cuban artillery and militia pin the invaders, causing heavy casualties by nightfall.
By April 19th, the remaining Brigade 2506 troops surrender and are taken prisoner by Castro's forces.
The Kennedy administration publicly denies direct US involvement, while CIA memos later confirm the operation's details.
The failure pushes Castro toward Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, leading to missile
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