AB Sir class 11 nomenclature part 1

Added: 2026-05-16

[00:00:00]so today we are going to start the next chapter that is organic chemistry now the first question comes here why do we call this particular branch of chemistry as organic extreme why do we call it as organic chemistry what was the necessity let me go little bit to history actually in the late 17th century or in the beginning of 18th century what you find is that organic compound started no to us organic compounds like one of the scientists was there his name was Chile s H SCH EE any ship he prepared tartaric acid from grapes and cyclic acid from lemons for the first time that is in the late 17th century considered 1785 around we can see next half 19 that is we can say wrong what did it is that he prepare uric acid from the urine of the animals all right then after many more scientists they came forward that his role was there then Santana was there who prepared that is morphing from this we can say organic compounds we can say that but all these were naturally occurring compounds naturally occurring compounds actually the term organic chemistry was given by Perseus sorry what I said his name but Z yes the term organic and it was given by Godzilla's now my accorded as organic action there is a first question he asks too many coordinates organic chemistry has come from the word which means that these compounds are derived directly or indirectly from the organs of the plants and animals they can impeach but serious term because organic chemistry the reason was that that these compounds are derived directly or indirectly from the organs of the plants and animals for example a cell you like acetic acid we are getting from vinegar we can say that she got tartaric acid from grapes cyclic acid from lemons big answer that next we know that we are getting but I can say wrong he prepared that is urea from the urine of the horse and animals alright so in this way we came to know about the organic chemistry sorry and hence we got the term organic chemistry we cancel that because this compound derived directly or indirectly from the organs of the plants and animals okay fine now we attack the beginning of this 18th century when certain organic compounds is known to us as I said use nitric acid malic acid tartaric acid malic acid be getting it from the apples so then after that vinegar your a stick acid sorry and in this very few few compounds like urea and always known to us so that people believed that organic compound could not be synthesized in the lab whatever is available in the nature we have to satisfy photography why because the believed there was a peculiar kind of force which was present in organic compound which is known as vital force the believed the at that time the people who believe the same is the belief that there was a peculiar kind of force presenting organic compounds which was on as my and that give us a theory also which is called as vital for theory according to this theory it is being believed that there in case of organic compounds the body is very strong it is very unique it is so peculiar that we cannot break that particular bond and hence it cannot be synthesized in the lab we cannot synthesize we cannot prepare this organic compound in the lab so that is a belief we can again and say that's the belief it was there and the syllabic theory which is called as vital force q sorry now this belief persisted unless and until that is federic molar when I said Frederick Frederick voila wo h alia Frederick worth he was a German chemist he was a German chemist who accidentally prepared urea in the lab where did they use the word accidentally because it was not prepared Union he was actually distributing two compounds accidentally he prepared um all right now what was that particular distillation process let us say that so Frederick voila he was a German chemist who accidentally prepared urea in the lab now for your general knowledge let me tell you in Germany so to say that - nobody can separate names and there one is Rui bowler another is Frederick polar if you are having some interest in football you must donate that Rudi völler he was called as a header he was a famous football player from Germany we can say that like Pele is there in from Brazil he was a famous football player from Germany that is pretty cool all right what a v OE area wool necklace he was also a German so don't confuse if you are interesting football she must be thinking of that particular mother no not at all he is federico da for that is that I said this particular one because one of the student asks me once so that we'll have ba ba ba ba da yes that's the older he was a very famous person but he was a footballer but he is a chemist from both are from Germany all right remember so what I said he accidentally prepared Yuya he accidentally actually he was distillate in two compounds what is that he took ammonium sulfate ammonium chloride anything Indonesian ammonium sulfate in 89 potassium cyanide what I say potassium C&H he went for what is that distillation of this took a bounce he went for distillation so what are you getting it is a double decomposition process single that distillation is a diver decomposition so KCl plus what is that NH 4 CN o NH 4 zeros here KCl it is KCl plus ammonia CH this is called as ammonium cyanate ammonium cyanate now Amorian CRA is an unstable compound it's unser it's not stable so what will happen is that ammonium see Annette with will undergo molecular rearrangement molecular rearrangement to give you young NH 2 CO and h2 you can see molecular formula is the same see there here how many nitrogen to nitrogen for hydrogen one carbon to oxygen he also two nitrogen for hydrogen carbon oxygen so what is this this is urea the cancer that NH 2 co and H 2 so this way Julia was prepared accidentally molar was not prepared but three he was distributing digital substances and hence he caught you do so what I said you the model you have organized the same of these two accounts all right but that structural form is different here this is unstable this is quite stable in nature so why do we call it gasps these are known as isomers you've studied there were classes it is arrest isomers isomers at the compounds having the same quality of formula but different structural formula they can repeat I assume also that couples having the same molecular formula you can see the molecule for me is a here two nitrogen for ideas about carbon and oxygen here same thing having the same molecule formed up a different structural problem so you just feed the other isomers so after that many more scientists that came forward like what against a Mercedes was there initially then after that kikyo came forward then after that Cole who came forward then after that what he can say this planet above came forward in this domenico scientists they came forward and they prepared one after another compound all right so if that reason vital force QE got a great setback all right when many more of a pounds was being prepared in the lab then the vital force Theory got a serious setback and this particular concept was discarded it was three completely outright discarded this particular concept because Michael Kors believed that there was a peculiar force for which we are not proven that we are not what you can say going to since this any compound in the lab but here you can see we are able to synthesize it be able to prepare it urea was repaired after that acetic acid has been prepared in the lab thought it acetic acid isn't prepared you know how acetic acid is prepared I will tell you how fast in essence is being prepared all right in the lab so how does we prepare to burn carbon reacts with hydrogen in presence of electric arc electric spark to give you as settling c2h2 all right acetate reacts with water in presence of a GS o 4 and h2 so4 mercuric sulfate and sulfuric acid here it reacts with water to form one it undergoes addition reaction to form ch3cho acetaldehyde situates two reacts with water you learn this particular reaction that I will teach you a lot - this is one we find this compound is honest or a situation where I indeed you accidently I will teach you this particular reaction that how it's taking place now for the time being just you understand it I am just telling you how acetic acid is prepared not it since this way carbon and hydrogen when reacts in presence of electric spark under high temperature it is acetylene it undergoes an addition reaction and here it undergoes what you can say also addition reaction same thing that is acetylene acetylene is nothing but X C triple bond CH you can write it in this way also you can exit 2 X 2 I can write XC triple bond CH we can say that all these things you are going to study we have started the chapter so don't worry listen patiently so reacted HOH in presence of sulfuric acid and mercuric sulfate that is your acidic medium to give acetaldehyde which further goes oxidation this is nascent oxygen to give you one that is nothing but acetic acid that is called vinegar in this way vinegar was being also prepared clear in this way what if I decide more and more compound was being prepared by what I can say that is nothing but cold it was prepared by the slatted birth it was prepared when any more scientists that prepared it this particular okay then after that Lavvy sir your heart is world active in our search in the first chapter Anthony Larry sir he came forward and he said that this particular compound which organic chemistry he said that it developed a new concept and he gave this particular branch of chemistry the new term charissa it is now known as hydrocarbons hydro carbons it is now known as hydro power who said this lackeyson laughs as I said that that this branch of chemistry is no more organic why because organic means it is derived from the organs of the plants and animals on thee but now we can see that we are able to synthesize at the lab so definitely the concept has changed and hence he introduced the term which is known as hydrocarbons so what is hydrocarbon hydrocarbons are the compounds of hydrogen third right carbon and its derivatives hydrogen carbon and its terms whose general formula is given to be as c x hy because sir by any natural numbers we can say that clear so in this way heat says that a new concept has been up which is hydrocarbons a compound of hydrogen and carbon and it's the derivative zero this means oxygen will also be added chlorine can also be added sulfur can also be added nitrogen can also be added phosphorus can also be added in this way but the major component is what it can sit carbon and hydrogen so a psychotic as hydropower all right so from then onwards today we are a same also organic chemistry as a study of hydrocarbons we can say that but still many of the people they use the old term that is organic chemistry hence I hope because organic uses so this is a brief history I've given it to you about organic things thank you very much