🩺 BOVINE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY OVERVIEW 🩺

Added: 2026-06-02

The bovine female reproductive system consists of paired ovaries containing follicles that release eggs and produce hormones (estrogen for estrus behavior, progesterone for pregnancy maintenance), oviducts where fertilization occurs in the ampulla and the zygote is transported to the uterus, a uterus with a body and two horns containing caruncles for placental attachment, a cervix with annular rings as a protective barrier, and a vagina/vestibule serving as the copulatory organ and birth canal. The estrous cycle is regulated by Graafian follicles producing estrogen and corpus luteum secreting progesterone, with luteolysis driven by PGF2α resetting the cycle if pregnancy does not occur.