The Middle East has been a contested region throughout history, serving as a critical transit route for empires like Rome and the Mongols, and becoming strategically vital during World War I when the Ottoman Empire collapsed, leading to European colonial presence. The region's foreign military presence intensified after the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran in 1941 and the Suez Crisis, which marked the end of British hegemony. The Iraq-Iran War (1980-1988) created massive debt for Iraq, with Gulf states providing billions in financial aid and Western powers supplying weapons, ultimately leading to the 1991 Gulf War invasion. Today, all Arabian Peninsula states have foreign military presence, with the United States maintaining the most bases, followed by Russia, France, Turkey, and Greece, reflecting the region's continued strategic importance due to its oil wealth and geopolitical position.
Deep Dive
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Deep Dive
Presença militar estrangeira no Oirente MédioAdded:
[music] [music] [music] [music] [music] [bell] [music] Good evening everyone.
Welcome everyone to another live stream on the Flecha Mura channel. Earlier today, we had a live stream together with the Vento Lester channel, okay? Eh, eh, and with the presence of Commander Robson Farinazo, an excellent live stream. I recommend that you watch this live stream, okay?
My friends, today we're going to talk about the foreign military presence in the Middle East, okay? And it's crucial that we understand something very important.
My friend here already uses the term "Middle East" because that's how most people know it, okay?
So, uh, it's not something new, it wasn't invented by the United States of America, nor by France.
That region has always been a very important region. Logically, the focus of this live stream will be on the last 126 years, okay?
Ah, but having said that, that region, it was contested by every great empire this planet has ever seen. Most, in fact not all, empires, for example, the Chinese, were never present there, but the Mongols were there, the Romans were there, and the Mongols suffered great defeats there. And the Romans also suffered terrible defeats in the Middle East. What we know as the Middle East, okay, everyone?
That region, today, most people know that region more for Dubai, and for other large metropolises that are there, oh, and artificial metropolises, but that region has a rich history, the first civilizations, the oldest inhabited capital. We have, sorry folks, I'm still feeling really bad.
We have the oldest inhabited capital city, we have the first skyscrapers in history, okay? And those of us who went to the IM, we did a live stream here on Sunday with the archaeologist Erica from the channel [clearing throat] Archaeology with Erica, in which she was able to explain this issue.
So, where does the interest in that region come from? It has always been a route. It was important for the Romans to acquire spices from India, right? The Romans had a lot of Roman gold in India; even today, Roman gold is found in India. They had to go through the Arabian Peninsula, they had to go through Anatolia, they had to go through Syria, they had to go through the desert.
For the Mongols to reach any place in the Mediterranean Sea, they needed to get there.
The Romans were there, we have them here, everyone knows the Craço mistake, right? The expression "Craço error" comes from Crassus, the richest man in Rome who tried to invade the Parthian Empire and was completely destroyed, okay? [Clearing throat] I'm going to give you a timeline.
During the First World War, we had the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, which was the greatest power at the time. I'm going to put a map of the Ottoman Empire here so you can see how far the Ottoman Empire extended, okay? Let me put the map here for you. In 1914, the Ottoman Empire collapsed during World War I.
Let me put the image here for you so we have some background information, okay everyone? Don't forget to like, share, and comment on our live stream so we can reach 16,000 subscribers.
This Ottoman Empire, it collapsed, right? We had the Arab revolt.
So, the Ottoman Empire lost control of the Levant, which is what we know today as Syria, Lebanon, and occupied Palestine.
And we had the Sinai campaign, the Palestine campaign, the Mesopotamian campaign.
From Mesopotamia, the French and British, they divided it, right, in an agreement called Saxpicou, okay?
And we had there the great military leaders who led the Ottomans to defeat: Generals Edmund Alim, the commander of the Egyptian and British expeditionary force, and a man called Laurence, whom you know as Laurence of Arabia. And we had Emir Faisal, who was the leader of the Arab revolt, right?
[clearing throat] But we had others, uh, we had General Otton Lima, okay, who was the German commander who advised, who counseled the Ottomans.
And what were the key points of these British campaigns that led the Ottoman Empire to lose control over that region, the fall of Jerusalem in 1917, and the fall of Damascus in 1918?
That was the beginning, in this time frame I've chosen, the beginning of the European presence there, okay? [snoring] In 1941, we had an Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran, okay?
The Allies, they sought to contain Germany's presence in that region and the danger of leaders emerging, the danger of having a very powerful adversary in their rear, right? So, in 1941 we had the Anglo-Soviet invasion, which was the Soviets invading from the north, and the Americans and British invading from the south.
The British attacked from the south, coming out of the Persian Gulf, the Soviets from the Cocos Gulf.
And we had the great commander of that British invasion, right, one of the great commanders, General Edward Kina, right, who was the British commander of the force, which was led there by Won Church.
And what was one of the key points of that Anglo- Soviet invasion? The Abadan waterfall there had a refinery.
[snoring] And we had another crucial point of foreign presence in this region over the last 126 years, which was, pardon me, folks, the Swiss crisis.
Egypt nationalized, [snoring] Egypt nationalized that region and we had there in the crisis an invasion of the Sinai Peninsula by Israel, followed by the landing of paratroopers and marines from the United Kingdom and France. Okay? So, folks, from all of this information, we can see that it has always been a very contested region, it has always been a very stigmatized region, but it is an extremely rich region that has always been highly sought after. It was contested because it was a transit route in antiquity, it was contested because it was a key strategic point during periods of great wars, and today it has begun to be contested again because of the wealth of oil, okay? That being said, we had the Swedish crisis which practically marked the end of the British Empire.
My friends, the other turning point for the presence of foreign troops there is the invasion of Lebanon, the so-called Operation Peace for Galilee.
Occupied Palestine, the government, the occupying government, [snoring] it sought to eliminate the presence, that's the word, eliminate the presence of Palestinian defense organizations. Why? Because a state was created that has every right, in my understanding, to exist, as long as its existence does not require the elimination of a people.
The Palestinians were expelled from their homes and deprived of even the right to defend themselves and to want to return.
Look at the inflection points. End of the Roman Empire, Arab revolt.
The crisis of the sue was the end of the presence, uh, the end of British hegemony.
After we had, after the creation of the dollar standard, we had the invasion of the book, Operation Peace for Galilee.
[snoring] Ah, the Palestinian occupation army invaded southern Lebanon, it became Berut, uh, and a multinational force was created there. Look, [snoring] the multinational force was made up of the United States, France, and Italy.
France was fundamental to the creation of the nuclear program and the occupation of Palestine.
The United States, the main financier, and Italy, one of the biggest logistical supporters.
These three states oversaw the withdrawal of the Palestine liberation organization.
[clearing throat] The other point we had there, the big point of foreign presence, was after the war in Iraq.
Iraq was under immense pressure to repay the loans it took out with Arab states to invade Iran.
[cough] My God, people. [snoring] Uh, sorry, okay? I'm feeling really bad. Well, Iraq was pressured to repay these loans that it had taken out, right?
Well, how could Iraq repay those loans if they were reaping the consequences of an 8- year war?
The consequences of the 8-year war with Iran were terrible, okay? Iraq had tens of thousands of military pensions to pay for fallen soldiers.
Iraq suffered terrible damage to its oil infrastructure.
[snoring] Iraq had entire industrial zones destroyed.
And that's what I want to focus on for you, okay?
To give you an idea, tens of billions of dollars from the Gulf states were injected into Iraq. Did you know he was one of Saddam Hussein's biggest financiers?
Quit-o-Quit loaned Iraq nearly 14 billion dollars.
Saddam Hussein, he claimed, he said he was shedding blood to protect the Persian Gulf from the Islamic Revolution.
And Iraq, after the end of the war with Iran, had its debt enforced.
Iraq requested debt forgiveness, but Quit did not forgive and demanded payment.
And do we know who was the biggest financier of Saddam Hussein's Iraq war with Iran? The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is [growing] at least $25 billion in financial aid.
And Saudi Arabia sold oil on behalf of Iraq when Iraqi ports were destroyed by the Iranians.
The United Arab Emirates and Qatar have also invested billions of dollars from Iraq. So, pay close attention to these details, as they are fundamental.
You saw the states I mentioned, right?
White provided 14 billion, Saudi Arabia, between 25 and 35 billion, United Arab Emirates and Qatar.
These countries contributed money.
France, the United States, and the Soviet Union contributed the armaments.
France was the main Western military supplier to Iraq.
France sold Miconceto, France sold Mirrágio F1.
The United States provided agricultural credits to Iran.
The United States provided food.
The Soviet Union, receiving money from the Gulf states, was the largest supplier of heavy weapons to the Iraqi army, okay?
Many of these Soviet weapons were never paid for because they were sold on long-term payment plans and were tied to the future of Iraqi oil production.
Iraq entered the war with $35 billion in foreign exchange reserves.
When Iraq ended the war in 1938, it had 80 billion days left. So he started the war with a positive balance of 35 billion, and ended the war with a negative balance of 80 billion. [snoring] This failure of Iraq, welcome to the Art of War crew. This failure of Iraq, it was one of the causes of this invasion in 1991, when [cough] [snoring] sorry, sorry, when Iraq was invaded in '91, there were already defense agreements.
Saudi Arabia, Pakistan. Saudi Arabia, United States. United Arab Emirates, United States. Qatar, United States. Quate, United States.
Bahrain, United States.
These already existed.
But in 1991 we had a booster.
Why? Because the Soviet Union no longer existed, okay? Sorry, the Soviet threat no longer existed.
So, the Americans did indeed go to occupy.
[snoring] Just to remind you, I mentioned here that the Gulf states paid, [snoring] right? The Soviet Union sold. When the Soviet Union and France sold out, and Iraq failed to pay and refused to hand over and privatize all of its oil companies, Iraq became a threat.
And when Iraq became a threat, at a crucial moment, what executed the Iraqi debt and was invaded by Iraq.
And that was the end of Saddam, because I don't believe it, okay? I don't believe that we can have a different destiny there than the end of Iran. In reality, all of this was done so that Iraqi oil reserves would be transferred to American control to pay what the United States believes to be a debt.
that Iraq might possibly have with them.
That being said, I'm not saying Iraq was holy.
I'm saying that Iraq incurred a debt and paid it off with its own territory and its oil reserves.
The war with Iran was aimed at ending the Islamic Revolution.
The Iraqis messed up. And it's logical that this was also calculated by the Western forces and the Gulf states, ah, [clearing throat] by the Gulf states.
The destruction in Iraq was terrible.
It was terrible. Okay? To give you an idea, uh, that whole story was sold, uh, that Iraq was evil because it had invaded Kitts, and in fact the invasion of Kitts was perhaps the only option that Saddam had to pay the debt he incurred in his illegal invasion of Iran.
[snoring] Iraq was practically forced to invade Iran.
There is a speech by Sadan himself that I can look for for you here. Saddam says: "You forced me to invade Iran.
I was there because you ordered me to, you offered me support, you said you would support me, but that support came at a very high cost.
That support had an unpayable cost that Iraq is still paying today. Your war with Iran was the end of your capacity.
As I'm talking about in this live stream regarding military presence, to give you an idea, the coalition included the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Saudi Arabia, Egypt. Egypt, okay? Egypt provided 33,000 soldiers.
Syria under Rafez al-Assat sent 14,000 soldiers to the border.
Yes, that's right, Syria under Rafez al-Assat, okay? The United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, and Bahrain provided bases.
Italy, Canada, Australia, Argentina, which was the only Latin American country to participate, sent warships there.
Pakistan and Bangladesh sent troops to protect MEC, other sacred territories.
Senegal and Niger." They were also there.
The presence of foreign troops from the Middle East reached 1 million.
All this to defeat Iraq.
And Russia also helped with satellite imagery. Given that Russia had also suffered a very large loss, okay?
So, why? Because Iraq didn't pay its debts incurred in the war in which it was invited to participate as the aggressor.
Invading Iran usually costs a lot, right? Everyone knows that. The Iraqis paid a very high price, okay?
That's how it works.
Leader, was Iraq the villain or the hero? Iraq was the villain.
Not Iraq, right? Saddam was the villain in the invasion of Iraq.
Saddam believed that the Gulf states, the Gulf monarchies, would give him money so he would lose, and he lost.
If he had won, perhaps he would be alive today.
Iran tends to be a graveyard of invasions.
This presence of troops from the region, uh, it consolidated in the 90s for deeper strategic alliances, right? Uh, and today the Middle East has bases Of all the major players, right?
Uh, we have Russian Federation bases in Syria, right, in the port of Latakia, right, in Latakia, Tartus.
Uh, we have American bases in various locations, I've already mentioned them to you, and we have a very strong foreign presence within the armed forces occupying Palestine, okay? The armed forces occupying Palestine have a large number of expatriates, let's say, people who are outside the country, sorry.
So, uh, uh, that's a fact.
[snoring] The United States is the country with the most known military bases. I must remind you [snoring] that the United States, it, and [clearing throat] the United States, Israel, France have secret bases in the region, okay?
Uh, the main operator of bases in that region is the United States, okay?
[clearing throat] Which has more than a dozen bases. The main ones are Alde, uh, the Fifth Front base in Manama, the logistics center... At night, the outposts in Iraq, Syria, the Aldafra base, and several bases in Jordan.
Jordan is a great peace.
Greece also maintains a presence in the region and possesses sovereign territories in Akrot al-Khaleia, Cyprus.
And it has the Jufar naval support base in Bahrain.
They also have the port of Ducum, and they also have an air contingent at the Aluminad base in the United Arab Emirates.
Russia, as I've already mentioned, has Tartuz and Latakia.
France has a joint military base at the Lapax camp in Abu Dhabi and has assets in both Iraq and Jordan. Turkey, which is a player in the region, I consider it a foreign presence as well. Turkey has a military base called the famous Tareik Binzid military base, and dozens of military posts in northern Iraqi territory, and has bases and... An occupied territory in Syria.
Uh, having said that, we can already keep in mind [clearing throat] that it has always been an occupied region. There are very few, very few, states in the Arabian Peninsula that don't have a foreign military presence. There is n't one. Let me put my picture here.
All the states in the Arabian Peninsula have a foreign presence.
It's a sad fact, but it 's the reality.
All the states in the Arabian Peninsula have a foreign presence, okay? So, uh, we need to understand this issue.
[snoring] So, it's not something new, it's something that's in the process of transformation, my friends. I'm losing my voice.
We had a very good live stream earlier, so I apologize, but I have to ask you to like, comment, and share. Today we didn't have a super chat, a super sticker in our live stream.
Help us out through our Pix [email protected] and through our crowdfunding campaign that's in the video description, okay everyone?
I'm really going to end the live stream because of my Okay, voice, alright? I ask that you follow us on our social media.
I hope you learned something about the foreign military presence in that region, especially in the Arabian Peninsula. I hope it was helpful. I apologize for leaving early. Oh, thank you very much to Lucas Bustamante for offering us a super chat. Thank you very much, everyone. It will be fundamental, because without the super chat there are no notifications, unfortunately.
My friends, thank you all very much.
Felo Brasil and I ask for a general subscription campaign to our channel Rádio da Resistência Flecha Mura, okay?
Thank you all very much. Sorry, Felo Brasil. Until next time, everyone. I'm really sorry, but I'm feeling bad.
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