2023 | NEET | BIOLOGY | solved questions | Botany | Part-1 | ValShanDei NEET Academy

Hinzugefügt: 2026-05-28

[00:00:00]Hi friends.

[00:00:02]Uh today I'll be discussing about the uh 2023 NEET biology question paper.

[00:00:09]Uh so uh the first question uh which is from botany. See, in this uh particular examination so there was a section A and section B. Section B 35 questions was mandatory and uh section B out of 50 in any 10 could be answered. Uh this was a post-COVID uh the examination pattern. Even in the zoology it was the same pattern, but now at present in 20 uh 25 2026 this has been removed. Uh so it would be only 45 questions each.

[00:00:44]Anyway, uh this question paper is uh based on the section A and section B both in botany and zoology. So the first question is given below are two statements. One is labeled as assertion and the other is labeled as reason.

[00:01:00]Uh so our assertion, the first stage of gametophyte in the life cycle of moss is protonema stage.

[00:01:09]Reason, protonema develops directly from spores produced in capsule.

[00:01:15]So these are the two options that have been given.

[00:01:18]Uh mosses bryopsida. Uh so you should be knowing about it. So yeah, assertion A and assertion B.

[00:01:25]So here the answer for this would be both A and R are correct. And R is a correct explanation of A. You already know that gametophyte is the dominant generation and even in case of uh mosses uh the spores directly germinate to produce this primary protonema, secondary protonema, leafy stage is there, which you would have studied in your plant kingdom chapter. So both assertion and reason are correct and R is a correct explanation of A.

[00:01:55]The next question is in angiosperm the haploid and diploid structures of a fertilized embryo sac sequentially are. So, which are haploid, diploid, and triploid structure? Uh so, sequentially in the same uh pattern it should be. So, haploid synergids synergids are haploid. Uh they are not uh diploid there. So, primary endosperm nucleus primary endosperm nucleus is diploid and zygote is diploid. So, first option is not possible.

[00:02:34]Uh second option antipodals are haploid.

[00:02:38]Synergids are haploid and primary endosperm nucleus. This is also not possible. Synergids, zygote, and primary endosperm nucleus. So, there is haploid, uh diploid, and primary endosperm nucleus is triploid. So, third one is the correct answer.

[00:02:59]So, third option. Synergids are haploid, zygote is diploid, primary endosperm nucleus is triploid. That is the correct option.

[00:03:09]Movement and accumulation of ions across a membrane against their concentration gradient can be explained by osmosis, passive transport, facilitated diffusion, active transport.

[00:03:25]Against their concentration can be explained by active transport. So, there is an expenditure of energy and then there is a transfer of ions. So, the answer for this would be active transport.

[00:03:40]So, fourth option. Large, colorful, fragrant flowers with nectar are seen in insect-pollinated plants, bat-pollinated plants, bird-pollinated plants, wind-pollinated plants. It is insect pollinated plants. These are all rewards to attract the insect. So, first option is correct for this question.

[00:04:00]So, it is insect pollinated plants. The phenomenon of pleiotropism So, one gene, many characters like starch granule, uh the size of the granule, and uh the uh texture of the granule, both of them are uh determined by a single gene.

[00:04:21]So, single one gene having uh many phenotypic attributes. So, pleiotropism, that is what it refers.

[00:04:28]So, presence of several alleles of a single gene controlling a uh single crossover, that is wrong. A single gene affecting multiple phenotypic expression, this is correct. Uh so, third one is a correct option. Remaining are all wrong. Second one, presence of two alleles each of the two genes controlling a single trait, that is also wrong. More than two genes affecting a single character, that is also wrong.

[00:04:53]So, third one, a single gene affecting multiple genotypic phenotypic expression, that is the external appearance, is a correct answer.

[00:05:02]Which hormone promotes internode or petiole elongation in deep water rice?

[00:05:09]Here, you should remember about ethylene. Uh don't go for the gibberellins. So, ethylene helps in the uh internode or petiole elongation in deep water rice. So, there is GA3, ethylene, kinetin, 2,4-D.

[00:05:24]The answer is ethylene.

[00:05:28]Among the evil evil quartet, which one is considered the most important cause driving extinction of species?

[00:05:35]Habitat loss and uh fragmentation, alien species invasion, overexploitation for economic gain.

[00:05:44]Important cause of extinction of species, so co-extinctions.

[00:05:49]So, here mostly the answer is going to be the habitat loss and fragmentation, which is even presently happening even in Bangalore where the forests are all being lost for urbanization process.

[00:06:03]So, the biodiversity loss has also happened both in flora and fauna. So, the correct one, habitat loss and fragmentation is the correct one.

[00:06:12]Upon exposure to UV radiation, DNA stained with ethidium bromide will show what color? Bright red color, bright yellow color, bright blue color, bright orange color. Fourth option, bright orange color is the correct answer.

[00:06:27]Which micronutrient is required for splitting of water molecule during photo- photosynthesis? That is a photolysis of water. Is it manganese, magnesium, molybdenum, or copper?

[00:06:42]So, it is The first answer is manganese. So, this is from photosynthesis you can remember.

[00:06:51]Earlier they had mineral nutrition also as a topic. Even there they had mentioned it, but from chapter of photosynthesis you can remember it as manganese. Helps in photolysis of water.

[00:07:03]Axile placentation is observed in So, all the three examples should be correct. So, mustard, cucumber, primrose, tomato, dianthus, and pea.

[00:07:14]China rose, beans, and lupin.

[00:07:17]China rose, petunia, and lemon.

[00:07:22]So, the answer is China rose, petunia, and lemon. All three they exhibit that.

[00:07:29]Petunia belongs to Solanaceae. China rose is nothing but hibiscus. They exhibit axile placentation. Fourth option is correct. All three of them have the axile placentation. The process of appearance of recombinant nodules occur at which sub stage of prophase one in the meiosis?

[00:07:47]So, appearance of recombinant nation nodules, uh prophase one which sub stage does it appear? You know, they have leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakinesis. So, leptotene you find that there is elongation of uh the uh nodules. So, the answer zygotene, diplotene, pachytene, diakinesis. The correct answer is the pachytene.

[00:08:13]So, pachytene stage is where there is a formation of recombination nodules.

[00:08:18]Uh then there is also crossing over and genetic recombination.

[00:08:22]Uh so, recombination nodules and uh crossing over of non-sister chromatids and uh the genetic recombination that happens in uh pachytene stage.

[00:08:34]Zygotene, it is synapsis and synaptonemal complex.

[00:08:38]Diplotene is terminalization uh the uh terminalization of uh the formation of chiasmata.

[00:08:45]The dissolution of synaptonemal complex, diakinesis is termination of uh the chiasmata that is taking place. So, the correct answer here is pachytene.

[00:08:56]The reaction center in PS2 has an absorption maximum at So, PS2 So, the photosystem two, it will be having 680 nm. The correct answer is 680 nm. PS1 is 700 nm.

[00:09:13]Unequivocal proof that DNA is the genetic material was first proposed by uh Frederick Griffith, Avery MacLeod and MacLeod and McCarty, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase, uh then Wilkins and Franklin. The answer is Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase. So, their uh experiments, Hershey and Chase experiments proved beyond doubt that uh DNA is the genetic material. Even though Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty, they discussed about the transformation process, even though it is an evidence for it, but here they have given it as unequivocal. Foolproof uh evidence that DNA is the genetic material is uh proved by Hershey and Chase experiment. So say uh the second option is correct. Among eukaryotes, replication of DNA takes place in uh M phase, uh G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase. S phase is the correct answer, synthetic phase, where the DNA doubles up, but the chromosome number remains the same.

[00:10:22]Uh in tissue culture experiments, leaf mesophyll cells are put in a culture media to form uh callus. This phenomenon may be called as differentiation, development, dedifferentiation, senescence.

[00:10:36]Uh leaf mesophyll cells are put in a culture media to form callus. So here, they are uh So they are going to form callus. This phenomenon may be called as differentiation, development, dedifferentiation, senescence.

[00:10:57]The answer is uh dedifferentiation.

[00:11:02]Dedifferentiation is a process of conversion of uh the permanent cells into meristematic cells. Callus is rapidly undergoes cell division, so dedifferentiation.

[00:11:15]Cellulose does not form blue color with iodine because they do not have that loop. Uh cellulose is also made up of glucose, but structurally they are different. It is a disaccharide. It is a helical molecule. It does not contain complex helices, and hence cannot hold iodine molecules. It breaks down when iodine reacts with it. Third one is a correct answer. It does not contain complex helices and hence cannot hold iodine molecules.

[00:11:45]Spraying of which of the following phytohormone on juvenile conifers helps in hastening the maturity period that leads to hardly seed production.

[00:11:56]So, which is it indole-3-butyric acid, zeatin, gibberellic acid, or abscisic acid? Answer is abscisic. The sorry, the gibberellic acid. Juvenile conifers uh they help in uh increasing the maturity period and it also leads to hardly seed production.

[00:12:15]Gibberellic acid is the answer.

[00:12:17]Given below are two statements. The forces generated by transpiration can lift a a xylem size column of water up to 130 m height. Statement, transpiration cools leaf surfaces sometimes 10 to 15° by evaporative cooling. Choose the most appropriate answer. Both statement one and statement two are correct. Uh >> [clears throat] >> statement uh one and statement two are incorrect.

[00:12:45]Statement one is correct, but statement two is incorrect. So, the answer is both statement one and statement two are correct. So, that is what you have to remember about. So, uh the both statement one and statement two are correct. Family Fabaceae differs from Solanaceae and Liliaceae with respect to the stamens. Pick out the characteristic specific uh specifics to family Fabaceae, but not found in Solanaceae or Liliaceae. So, I would consider the diadelphous stamens. Uh diadelphous and dithecous anthers, monoadelphous and uh monothecous anthers, polyadelphous and epipetalous, uh Uh epiphyllous and dithecous anthers are dithecous anthers. So, uh diadelphous and dithecous is the correct one. That is how they differ from uh Liliaceae and Solanaceae. Unique thing found in Fabaceae. Diadelphous 9 + 1 arrangement. Nine of the stamens are fused to form a single bundle, and one stamen is free. So, nine within brackets + 1. That arrangement you would have written it in floral formula.

[00:13:54]Expressed sequence tags refers to all genes that are expressed as RNA, all genes whether expressed or unexpressed, uh all genes that are expressed as proteins, certain important expressed gene. The answer for this is all genes that are expressed as RNA. We call it as expressed sequence tags. So, first option is correct.

[00:14:20]Identify the correct statements.

[00:14:23]Detritivores perform fragmentation. The humus is further degraded by some microbes during mineralization.

[00:14:30]Uh So, I always remember the steps as fragmentation first language chemistry.

[00:14:37]FLC HM.

[00:14:38]So, fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, uh humification, and mineralization. So, water soluble inorganic nutrients go down to into the soil uh and gets precipitated by a process called leaching. The detritus food chain begins with living organism. Earthworms break down detritus into smaller particles by a process called catabolism. So, the correct answer for this is A, B, C only.

[00:15:08]So, detritivores perform fragmentation is correct. Humus is further degraded by some microbes during mineralization.

[00:15:14]That is also correct. Water soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil, and they get precipitated by a process called leaching. This option is also correct. The detritus food chain begins with dead organisms, not living organisms. Earthworms break down detritus into smaller particles by a process called catabolism. That is wrong. It is not catabolism.

[00:15:37]So, A, B, C are the correct position correct answer. The thickness of ozone in a column of air in the atmosphere is measured in terms of Dobson [snorts] unit.

[00:15:50]So, the answer is Dobson units or DU.

[00:15:53]Given below are two statements. Latewood has fewer xylem elements with narrow vessels.

[00:15:59]Cambium is less active in winters.

[00:16:02]Uh Latewood has Latewood is the autumn wood. It has fewer xylem elements uh with narrow vessels. So, assertion and reason here uh both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

[00:16:17]Both the statements are correct and it is the reason for A. Which of the following stages of meiosis involves division of uh centromere? Is it metaphase 1, anaphase 2, and metaphase 2, telophase 2?

[00:16:32]Anaphase 2 uh involves the division of centromere longitudinally and separates the sister chromatids by the condensation of fibers. So, third one is the correct answer, anaphase 2.

[00:16:45]The historic convention on biological uh diversity, the Earth Summit was held in Rio de Janeiro in the year This is more like a history question. Uh but sometimes you should be uh aware about it.

[00:16:58]Uh anyway, the answer is 1992. There was the Rio de Janeiro Summit. These sort of questions are very rare, but you should be aware about it. How many ATP and NADPH2 are required for the synthesis of one molecule of glucose uh during Calvin cycle?

[00:17:15]So, it is going to be uh 18 ATP and 12 NADPH2 because they undergo six Calvin cycle. For every Calvin cycle, there is going to be only uh there is going to be only uh the 3 ATP and 2 NADPH2. So, the answer is 18 ATP and 12 NADPH2. So, the third op- second option is correct. 18 ATP and 12 NADPH2.

[00:17:44]In the equation, gross primary productivity minus respiration equals net primary productivity. Here, R is respiration or respiratory loss.

[00:17:54]So, uh R is respiratory loss. Third one is the correct answer.

[00:18:01]During the purification process for recombinant DNA technology, addition of chilled ethanol precipitates out uh DNA.

[00:18:10]The answer is DNA. Second option is correct. Chilled ethanol and it leads to precipitation of DNA, which is removed by spooling.

[00:18:19]What is the role of RNA polymerase 3 in the process of transcription uh in eukaryotes? Transcription of rRNAs, 28S, 18S, and 5.8S.

[00:18:33]Uh transcription of precursor of mRNA.

[00:18:37]Transcription of tRNA, 5S rRNA, and snRNAs. Transcription of only snRNAs.

[00:18:44]So, the answer is transcription of tRNA, 5S rRNA, and snRNAs. The role of RNA polymerase 3 in the process of transcription it is tRNA, 5S rRNA, and snRNAs.

[00:19:01]What is the function of tassels in the corn cob corn cob? Uh they to attract insects, to disperse pollen grains, to trap pollen grains, to protect seeds. The answer is to trap pollen grains. They have this tassels in the corn cob.

[00:19:23]Identify the pair of heterosporous pteridophytes among the following. Lycopodium and Selaginella, Psilotum and Salvinia, Selaginella and Salvinia.

[00:19:35]Uh that is the correct answer which exhibits heterosporous pteridophytes.

[00:19:39]Second option. Selaginella and Salvinia is the correct answer.

[00:19:44]Yes, yes. You can remember it as In gene gun method used to introduce alien DNA into host cells, microparticles of dash metals are used.

[00:19:54]Copper, tungsten or gold. Third option is correct.

[00:19:58]Tungsten or gold.

[00:20:00]So, the microparticles of these are bombarded with the cells. Especially in plant cells, they use this uh the gene gun method or biolistics method.

[00:20:15]Given below are two statements.

[00:20:16]Statement one, endarch This is from plant anatomy.

[00:20:20]Endarch and exarch are the terms often used for describing the position of secondary xylem in the uh plant body. Exarch condition is a most common feature of the root system.

[00:20:35]Position of secondary xylem in the plant body. Uh that is not the correct one.

[00:20:39]Statement two is correct. Statement one is incorrect. So, the answer is statement one is incorrect, but statement two is true. Fourth one is the option.

[00:20:50]Frequency of recombination between gene pairs on same chromosome as a measure of the distance between genes to map their position of chromosome was used for the first time by uh Thomas Hunt Morgan, Alfred Sturtevant, Sutton and Boveri, and King. The answer is Alfred Sturtevant.

[00:21:12]So, the gene mapping, it is So, Alfred Sturtevant. Given below are two statements. Assertion, ATP is used at two steps uh in glycolysis utilization. Yes, they are used for formation of fructose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-biphosphate.

[00:21:31]Reason, first in ATP is used in converting glucose to glucose 6-phosphate. And second, ATP is used in conversion of Both A and R are correct and R is a correct explanation for A. First option is correct. Both A and R are correct and R is a correct explanation of A. Which one of the following statement is not correct? The microorganism incorrect statement we have to identify.

[00:21:56]Microorganism involved in biodegradation of organic material matter in a sewage polluted water body consume a lot of oxygen causing the death of aquatic organism.

[00:22:09]Water as the second one, algal blooms caused by excess of organic matter in water improve water quality and promote fisheries. Second one is incorrect statement. Uh water hyacinth or Eichhornia grows abundantly in eutrophic water bodies and leads to an imbalance in the ecosystem dynamics of the water body.

[00:22:28]That is correct. The amount of some toxic substance of industrial waste water increases in the organism at successive trophic levels.

[00:22:37]Uh that is biomagnification they are talking about. Second one, it is going to spoil the water. It does not improve the water quality. It rather spoils the uh decreases the water qualities and affects the fisheries.

[00:22:51]So, incorrect statement is second one.

[00:22:57]How many different proteins does the ribosome uh consist of?

[00:23:03]So, is it 80?

[00:23:06]Or is it 40? Or is it, uh, 60 or 20?

[00:23:11]So, how many proteins does the ribosome consist of? The answer is 80, uh, proteins. The ribosomes are, uh, made of 80 proteins. The answer is, how many different proteins does the ribosome consist of?

[00:23:31]80 proteins are there. Which of the following statements are correct about Klinefelter syndrome?

[00:23:37]So, correct statement we should find.

[00:23:39]This disorder was first described by Langdon Down. That is Down syndrome.

[00:23:42]This is wrong. First statement is wrong.

[00:23:45]Such an individual has overall masculine development. However, the feminine development is also expressed. B is correct. The affected individual is short stature. That is wrong. Physical, psychomotor, and mental development is Yeah, B, D, and E are correct statements. B and physical, psychomotor, and mental development is Here, mental development is but not the others.

[00:24:14]So, uh, B and E. I feel the answer is B and E. Let us cross-check. Yes, B and E only.

[00:24:22]They are sterile, and they have overall masculine display development with feminine development. Uh, so is also expressed.

[00:24:30]Here, D, why it is incorrect is mental development is but not the other physical, psychomotor development is not affected. So, that is the reason D is an incorrect statement. So, the B and E are the correct statement. Match the following. We have here oxidative decarboxylation.

[00:24:49]So, the answers are uh, they are covered up. Glycolysis.

[00:24:54]So, oxidative decarboxylation glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, tricarboxylic acid cycle. So, there we have to choose the correct one.

[00:25:05]Uh so, the uh oxidative decarboxylation uh that takes place before Krebs cycle.

[00:25:15]Uh so, citrate synthesis, you can include it in D1.

[00:25:22]Okay, so the fourth one A is 2 B4 C3 D1.

[00:25:27]So, this is sorry for the uh second list options not being uh seen.

[00:25:34]I think only citrate synthesis seen here. Anyway, given below are two statements.

[00:25:40]Assertion, so you find a lot of assertion reason question.

[00:25:44]A flower is defined as modified shoot uh wherein the shoot apical meristem changes to floral meristem or inflorescence meristem. A is correct.

[00:25:55]Internode of the shoots uh internode of the shoot gets condensed to produce different floral appendages laterally at successive nodes instead of leaves.

[00:26:07]Uh so, both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation for A.

[00:26:14]So, this is a description of formation of flower from a modified shoot and the condensation of your internode so that the leaves becomes the sepals, petals, stamens, and the gynoecium. So, both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

[00:26:30]In gymnosperms, so again, there's a assertion and reason question. The pollen grains are released from the uh microsporangium and carried by air currents. Yes, that is correct. Air currents carry the pollen grain to the mouth of archegonia where the male gametes are uh discharged and pollen tube is not formed.

[00:26:50]So, here A is true, but R is false. Let us see what is the statement. Yes, because they fall on the mouth of the ovule.

[00:27:00]And siphonogamy takes place even here.

[00:27:04]Okay. A is true but R is false. That is the third option.

[00:27:09]Match the list. So, match the following.

[00:27:11]Cohesion, light particles, you know, uh uh especially uh more attractive in liquid phase.

[00:27:20]So, A uh then adhesion between non-molecule surface tension.

[00:27:27]Guttation is loss of water in the form of uh water droplets.

[00:27:32]Okay. So, here the correct option is A2 uh then B4, surface tension more attraction in liquid phase, C1, D3. So, these are the option. Cohesion is force of attraction between like molecules, adhesion unlike molecules, force of attraction, surface tension more attraction in liquid phase. Guttation is loss of water in the form of water droplets.

[00:28:03]Which of the following combination is required for chemiosmosis? Four components are required. They require a membrane system, proton gradient, proton pump, ATP synthase.

[00:28:16]Uh so, they require membrane, proton pump, proton gradient, ATP synthase.

[00:28:21]So, membrane, proton pump So, the first option is correct.

[00:28:26]In this option, the first one is correct. These are the four uh components which are required for chemiosmosis to occur. Membrane system, proton pump, proton gradient, ATP synthase. Malonate inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria by inhibiting the activity of uh succinic dehydrogenase uh amylase, dinitrogenase.

[00:28:53]Malonate inhibits the activity of which of them? The answer is succinic dehydrogenase.

[00:29:03]Identify the correct statement. Uh lenticels are the lens-shaped opening permitting the exchange of gases. That is correct. Bark formed early in the season is called hard bark. No, it is called as um the early bark or uh >> [clears throat] >> So, bark formed early in the season uh it's Anyway, it is bark. We are not talking about the wood. Bark is a technical term that refers to all the tissues exterior to vascular cambium. Yes, correct. Bark refers to periderm and secondary phloem.

[00:29:42]Uh so, periderm is uh the phellem. Yes, that is also correct. So, C, D, E correct. Phellogen is single-layered in thickness. Uh that is That might not be the case. The correct answers uh seem to be for me A, D.

[00:30:08]Let me cross-check.

[00:30:11]A and D only. Phellogen Bark refers to periderm and secondary phloem. Bark is a technical term that refers to all tissues uh exterior to vascular cambium.

[00:30:25]So, So, here only A and D are correct.

[00:30:37]Match the list. M phase, the cell division stage, mitotic phase. G2 phase, there is an um uh what do you call it as?

[00:30:49]G2 phase there is synthesis of RNA and proteins and completion of it. Quiescent stage they exit G0 phase and enter into a non-proliferative stage but mechanically active. G1 phase RNA and proteins are synthesized.

[00:31:07]Okay, the correct answers are So A 4 B 1 G2 phase proteins are synthesized.

[00:31:16]So those options are not there but anyway remember that again there is a mutualism so mutualism is plus plus species A plus plus commensalism it would be plus zero amensalism minus zero parasitism plus minus.

[00:31:39]So that options would be there. So A4 B1 C2 D3 that covers the options. So B1 is nothing but commensalism plus zero amensalism is minus zero.

[00:31:52]So those properties it has to be given.

[00:31:54]Given below are two statement Gauss's competitive exclusion principle states that two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot coexist indefinitely and competitively inferior one will be eliminated eventually. That is correct.

[00:32:10]In general carnivores are more adversely affected by competition than [snorts] herbivores. Choose the correct answer.

[00:32:19]Statement one is correct so here statement one is correct but statement two is false.

[00:32:27]So it's not the carnivores but rather herbivores are more affected adversely affected by competition than carnivores. That should be the statement so second statement is false.

[00:32:39]Match the list one with list two. Iron, zinc, boron, molybdenum. This is mineral nutrition topic, which you uh don't have for your study. Uh so, boron is required for uh the pollinate the germination of pollen grains.

[00:32:58]Uh iron So, on that basis, we can have an answer here. The correct answer is C A three.

[00:33:05]Uh A three.

[00:33:08]So, uh B is one.

[00:33:12]Zinc, synthesis of auxin. Boron is pollen grain germination.

[00:33:17]D two, molybdenum. So, these are the options. Anyway, that since it is from the deleted chapter at present, need not worry much.

[00:33:26]Main steps in the formation of uh DNA are given below. Arrange the steps in correct sequence.

[00:33:32]Insertion of recombinant DNA.

[00:33:35]So, we have to arrange this in the right sequence.

[00:33:39]Uh so, for recombinant formation of recombinant DNA, what are all uh isolate isolation of desired DNA fragment.

[00:33:48]Uh then uh cutting of DNA at specific location by uh restriction enzyme.

[00:33:56]Then, isolation of desired DNA fragment.

[00:34:00]Um amplification of cutting of DNA at uh amplification. So, it looks like C D.

[00:34:14]B A.

[00:34:17]C B D A. Let us see what is the correct option.

[00:34:21]So, here B C D A and C B D A both are possible. This is because there is ambiguity in the answer.

[00:34:30]So, B cutting of DNA at specific location by restriction enzyme that can be first step or isolation of desired DNA fragment can also be the uh first stage. So, these are uh what we call it as ambiguity.

[00:34:46]So, both options are possible. So, that completes our discussion on uh 20 NEET 2023 uh part A botany.

[00:34:58]Uh then in the next video we'll be discussing about the uh 2023 uh zoology part of it. So, I hope that you have all understood this and it helps you in your uh upcoming NEET 2026 examination. Good luck to all of you and God bless you all. If you have liked this video, uh like the video, share it with your friends, and also subscribe for the channel for more such videos. Put in a positive word about the uh channel. So, it is being done free of cost for you. So, God bless you all.

[00:35:33]Bye.