🧠 Brain Tumour made easy with Dr. Sourav Chowdhury!

Added: 2026-06-03

[00:00:00]So, we have already discussed about this classification of brain tumors. We have got primary brain tumors that is from the elements of the brain, that is from the para brain parenchyma or the brain supportive structures. The parenchymal brain tumors are the astrocytomas, the glioblastomas we have talked about, the oligodendrogliomas, the ependymomas.

[00:00:20]The supporting structures uh majority of them are the meningiomas.

[00:00:25]The meninges are the supporting structure of the brain.

[00:00:28]Followed by acoustic neuroma, pituitary adenoma, and germ cell tumors. These are the other um you know, surrounding structures that are present. They also their tumors are also formed.

[00:00:37]So, this is a slide which mentions uh where in uh which areas we get which kind of tumors. You can uh I will just fast forward this.

[00:00:48]In uh certain things I would just like to mention. Pineal region, there's pineal region tumors apart from the uh primary pineal tumors, we we get all sort of this germ cell tumors. You can see germinoma, teratoma, choriocarcinoma, everything we get in this pineal region.

[00:01:06]Now, we will try to elaborate on the gliomas because glioma are the ones which are most commonly found in the brain.

[00:01:14]So, in uh gliomas, how do we histologically classify uh as low grade, anaplastic, and the higher grade ones? So, only presence of only nuclear atypia will render the uh render the tumor as low grade.

[00:01:32]Presence of nuclear atypia, that is the abnormal looking nucleus, along with presence of mitotic activity will render the tumors as anaplastic ones.

[00:01:42]And presence of necrosis and microvascular proliferation, these if these components are presents in present in the microscopy, then we would call those as glioblastomas.

[00:01:55]Now, they can have they can be both astrocytic type, they can be both oligoastrocytic type, or they can be oligodendroglial type.

[00:02:02]So, these oligodendroglial tumors, I'll just mention from before itself, the oligodendroglial ones are the ones which are less virulent, less means less aggressive. These are the ones which are very aggressive, the astrocytic ones.

[00:02:19]So, this is this slide mentions a lot lot of you know molecular information. However, I would try to simplify this.

[00:02:28]We have got gliomas which we generally call as diffuse gliomas. Why diffuse?

[00:02:33]Because these gliomas are not all the time very well circumscribed. Inside the brain, you might not find a very circumscribed well-defined tumor.

[00:02:42]You might find a more diffuse sheet-like pattern or a smearing pattern of tumors.

[00:02:47]Why? Because these kind of gliomas, they tend to infiltrate.