【SCIENCE YAPS】Anime man does rocket science

Added: 2026-05-07

[00:00:02]Q Q.

[00:00:33]Q pew pew pew.

[00:00:44]So many pews. Hello. Hello. Can you guys hear me? Wait, what's going on with YouTube? YouTube, why is your chat not showing up? H interesting.

[00:00:59]Interesting.

[00:01:00]Herm.

[00:01:06]Let me go ahead and refresh you guys.

[00:01:08]Maybe you guys need a little little refresher. Interesting.

[00:01:13]Come on. Hello. Hi.

[00:01:16]Hello, Carmen. Is this the wrong chat?

[00:01:19]Perhaps.

[00:01:21]Sounds like a villager. Okay. Okay. I don't know what you're talking about. I definitely don't sound like a villager.

[00:01:27]All right. Oh my gosh. Who is this? I I'm getting bullied. I can't believe I'm getting I I start stream and and some partnered Twitch streamer comes in here and and says that says that they hate me. Oh my gosh. [gasps] I'm going to have to I'm going to have to report this to Dan Clansancy.

[00:01:53]Oop. Oop. Oop. Um. Hm. YouTube chat is a little interesting today. I don't know what's wrong with it.

[00:02:05]Let's go take a look. Let's go take a look together, shall we go investigate?

[00:02:08]Yes. Yes. Okay.

[00:02:12]Okay. Hello. Hi. Oh, what? YouTube. Come back here. Why should you What are you guys okay? Are you guys okay?

[00:02:24][laughter] H I can manually fix you guys. I can I can make you guys go back to the olden days.

[00:02:32]I don't I wanted you guys to experience the new chat though. H What do I do this? There we go. Old chat does still work, but like kind of sad we don't have new chat for you. But yes, Carvin time.

[00:02:46]Hi. Hello everyone. Hello. Welcome in.

[00:02:48]Hello. Hello. Hi. Hi. The olden days.

[00:02:50]It's just the old chat. This is the uh old chat skin um before I got stuff working. Oh, Yuki, thank you for the gift sub. I appreciate it. Thank you.

[00:02:59]Thank you. I I heard we had a sub earlier today. Oh, Ziki. Zicki with your Oh my gosh, you resubscri tier three. Oh my gosh. Thank you, Ziki. I appreciate it. I appreciate it. Um Oh, oh, speaking of our subs, I did send out all the photo cards. Uh, I got confirmation um I got confirmation yesterday that everything had been [music] sent out and been mailed out. So, if you guys have your photo cards, you should be expecting them within like uh probably like one to two weeks. And if you don't get them, I'll make a little ping a month from now. And if you don't, we we can like we'll we'll figure it out. We can resend them and see if any of them bounce. Also, the uh winners for the art raffle for the um for the tablets, they have already been sent out and contacted as well. So yeah. Yeah. Exciting, right?

[00:03:45]Exciting. You made photo cards. I did. I did. I'll show them on stream when people finally get them. I want the people who are receiving them to be the first ones to get it. So probably in like 3 weeks, then you can see them. But in the meantime, there are secrets.

[00:04:02]They're secrets. Only the people who get them get to see first. Mhm. Mhm. Mhm.

[00:04:07]Oh, also great. Thank you for the follow. Thank you for the follow. Hello.

[00:04:11]Hi. Hi, Carbon. Hello. Hi. Um, welcome in everyone. It's nice to see you all. I I'll go through the [music] welcome list uh in a bit, but for the people go joining in today, uh, if you're wondering what's going on, what's what's up? Okay, I'm here for the video about Fred. [laughter] Okay. Okay. For the for the especially for the new new people who stumble in from YouTube, um, we will be doing some uh rocket science today. Uh, we're going to be watching some science videos. I actually don't know how Artemis 2 the mission went. I know like went successfully, but I kind of want to know the details. So, I did I I found a few videos that we can watch and like react to together. And then I also have some other videos. Ooh, let me see where where oo let me let me pull up my little my little my little uh notebook to see what I have in store today. Oh, yes.

[00:05:02]Okay. Okay, I have an Artemis 2 recap video and then I have a video talking about reusable rockets and and then we have some astronaut like actual just regular astronaut space videos cuz it was a while. We didn't get to do like a whole little science stick because we got caught up in Minecraft and TFT tournaments. So, we're going to go do that for a little bit um today and hopefully these can like get edited and uploaded to YouTube later and that that'll be a fun time cuz I know a lot of people have been asking for it. Mhm.

[00:05:30]Hi, my goat. Hello. Hi. Hello. Also, also um wait, did YouTube break? Are you guys still here? YouTube. YouTube channel stream is not working. Is YouTube [music] really busted today?

[00:05:44]Is our chat stuck? It is. Okay, I refreshed. Can you guys say something again? Hello, YouTube. YouTube, you all right? H hello. Okay. Okay. They're like they're saying we're here. Okay, we're broken today. Okay. Okay. Okay. You're kind of back. Interesting. Interesting.

[00:06:02]Well, I'll keep an eye on you guys. Even if you even if your chat uh even chat breaks a little bit, I I still check periodically, so I still see it. Okay, first stream. Hello. Welcome in. Welcome in, Stardust. Welcome. Welcome. Uh oh, and I would like to make um I would like to make a small announcement. Okay, my first stream here. My first tag I see is okay.

[00:06:24]I need to remove that tag. Thank you for reminding me. One day I'll remove it.

[00:06:29]Mm.

[00:06:31]Okay, I also have an announcement to make. I'M CAN YOU NOT BALD ME WHILE I'M TRYING TO MAKE AN IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT? OKAY, PLEASE, PLEASE, please settle down. Settle settle down, children. Settle down. All right, my important announcement that [music] I must make with um with with post haste is [cough] Oh, okay. Yeah. Yeah. You want to you want to put on the helmet? All right.

[00:06:59]All right. Okay. Whatever. Okay.

[00:07:00]Whatever.

[00:07:03]I don't know why this is a thing. I don't know why I have to say this, but if someone in our community says that they're my friend [music] and they also use that as an excuse to hit on you and r you up and then when you reject them, they say, "If you don't accept me or something, I [music] will I'll tell Carvin he'll ban you from the community." That's not real. OKAY? I DON'T KNOW THESE PEOPLE. It's happened multiple times. There have been multiple instances of random dudes going into community members DMs and trying to risk them up. Okay, it's I just had to ban one and I'm just saying I'm saying right now if anyone claims to know me and use that as leverage to get anything from you, you should probably tell me and then they they're either not my friend at all or they will shortly no longer be. Okay, so just um yeah, I don't know why this has happened multiple times, but um I just I it's a thing. Okay, it's a thing. So, yes, please be please be safe. I know like half of you guys are like, I don't know. I I talked to some other like male VTubers about it and they didn't have this problem. I don't know why it's us specifically, but you know what? Maybe maybe you guys have too much RZ. I don't know. I don't know.

[00:08:33]They say they're friends with mods, too.

[00:08:35]They are not [laughter] usually not. I don't know. Anyone who's actually your friend doesn't use you to get things like doesn't use your name behind your back to get stuff. That's That's gross.

[00:08:45]That's gross. Carbonauts are just too sexy. Okay, that is that is kind of true. That is kind of that is that is true. Actually, true and real. We're just too We're just too sexy and alluring. Yeah. Yeah. It brings out the the worst in people, you know. It's okay. But I I I believe in us. So So if anyone ever makes you uncomfortable, you have any problems, let us know, okay?

[00:09:07]Let let me or the mods know. We'll we'll take care of it. Okay. It's [gasps] It's the price of being so desirable. Mhm.

[00:09:13]Mhm.

[00:09:15]Yeah. [laughter] Oh, only my friends say I have Riz.

[00:09:19]What? What? I I think that's the whole point, right? Your friend, if your friends say you have RZ, you're you're you're risen. I don't know if I don't know if your sister your siblings would agree if you have Riz, though. That'd be kind of concerning if you're rising your siblings. We're not trying to sweet home Alabama. Okay. like let's let's uh let's repopulate the the the the plan in a in a sustainable way, you know. [laughter] Anyway, um um um yeah. Um yeah. So, yeah. Uh that was the announcement. What else? What else is uh planned for today?

[00:09:56]Oh, I think that's pretty much it.

[00:09:58]That's pretty much it. So, we're going to watch some like Artist 2 videos. So, we're going to do some sciency apps for a little um [music] and then and then see where it takes us. Oh. Oh, I was going to go welcoming everyone. That's right. That's right. I forgot I forgot more villager sounds again. Sometimes I do villager sounds. Yeah. Yeah. Oh. Oh, I need to update the um I need to update the rules for like stream and stuff like that, but I'll do that later. I I was going to do it at the beginning of the stream, but I'll do it um at the beginning of next stream to and tomorrow is just a zatu. So, today will be more like nerdy stuff. Uh, tomorrow is just gonna be me hanging out and yapping with you guys. Oh. Oh, I also have some like fun projects and stuff that I've been working on and behind the scenes. I'm pretty excited for those, too. Yeah.

[00:10:39]Yeah. Yeah. But I'm sorry. That was a That was my cat. That was my cat. Okay.

[00:10:48]Okay. Time to welcome in everyone.

[00:10:53]Um, let's see. Let's see. Uh, Titan was first. Hello. Welcome in Titan. And also, hello Blue Music. Hello. Welcome in Fi. Hello. Welcome in Indra. Hi Mikasa. Hello Titan. Hello Jonat. Hello Ash Polarbear. Hello Sunny Cosmos. Hello uh Red Scott. Hello Ziki. Hello Starlights. Hi. Uh Born to confuse.

[00:11:10]Hello. I was a little confused reading that. Anna Banana Wamp. Hello. Hi. Uh welcome in uh gaming gaming. Hi son.

[00:11:18]Hello. Welcome in. Hello Terramisu. Hi.

[00:11:20]Nice to see you again. Um Rosie. Hello Sage Bunny. Hello Quailing. Hi Nitro Hunter. Hello Troll Gummies. Hello Light Rebo. Hello Sai. Hello, Sya Sauce.

[00:11:29]Hello, Bittersweet. Hi, Ziki. Hello, uh, Alien Specimen. Hi, JPS. Hello, Lumidum.

[00:11:36]Hello, Starfakes. Hello, Kitsu. Kitsune, Shadow Fox, hi uh Rosie, Rosie, hello.

[00:11:42]Why not? Hi, I'm Fins. Hello, S. Sora.

[00:11:44]Hello, Yuki. Hello, Sugar. Hello, Weey.

[00:11:46]Hello. Ink, hello. Uh, Yari, hello Corvy. Hello, Jay the Silly Bird, hi Chelsea, hi Midnight Blooms, hello Captain Banana, hello. Hello. Hello. Uh, Serentology. Hi, Garden Tool. Hello, Bridget. Hi, uh, Nikita, hello. Hi.

[00:12:01]Welcome in. And Quaily, oh my god, 30 stream. Thank you for the 30 stream streak. Uh, Tale of Jeni, hello. Neco Taco, hi. Uh, Annie eats apples. Hello.

[00:12:11]White Alice, hello. Sour Lemonade. Hi, Sunny. Thank you for coming. Hello.

[00:12:15]Welcome. Welcome. Yuki, hello. Hello. Of the hellos. Hello. [laughter] Mikasa, hello. Um, um, uh, Slippery Eel, hi. Welcome in.

[00:12:25]Welcome [music] in. I hope you have a good time here at the space station. Uh, Car Carus the Great, hi. Welcome in.

[00:12:33]Bookworm, hello, Cinder, hello. Uh, Pink Flamco, hello. Welcome in. Emain, hello.

[00:12:38]And Sleepy Gamer. And also, thank you for the follow. Shy joints. Okay, I think that's all for Twitch. Twitch is usually a little bit more. Yeah. Yeah.

[00:12:45]Yeah. Yep. Yeah. Yeah. Hi. Hi. Welcome in. Welcome in. All right, YouTube. All right, YouTube. It's your turn. Come on up here. Come on up here. Come on. You You can say hello. I'll say hi to you.

[00:12:57]Hi. Hi. Hi, Cloudycat. Hi, Cloudy Cat.

[00:13:00]Hello. Hello, Ashley Elmar. Hi. Hi. Oh, hello Knox Harvey. I think I I think I missed you. Um uh hellos to you. Hi. Uh hello Hecitates, my favorite. Hello Kalin. Hello. Hello Kiki. Hello Willow.

[00:13:14]Hello Whimsical. Hello Kayn. Hello Emmy Brewers. Hello Vampree Eyes. Hello.

[00:13:19]Welcome in. I hope you y'all are doing well. Yeah. Yeah. All right. I think we got everyone. Yeah. Yeah. Jila. Hi.

[00:13:28]Welcome in. Ola stepbrother. Yes. Yes.

[00:13:32]Ah.

[00:13:33]Oh, Ria. Hi. Welcome, welcome, welcome.

[00:13:36]And loving my life. Hello. Hello. I don't know. Do you guys like the hellos?

[00:13:40]Do you guys like like hells? I know it takes like a bit of time on stream, but you might as well do it like at the right right at the beginning. I think it's fine. Uh, most people aren't at the beginning anyway. I think it's cute. So, I like to do it when I can. What do you mean? Thank you for Thank you for the for the continued continued support. Oh my god. Tier three for 11 months. Holy [ __ ] Holy [ __ ] I love the hellos.

[00:14:02]Okay. Okay, that's good. You think it's nice? That's I know some people um don't like it, but I I kind of I kind of enjoy it. I think it's fun for me. Um sorry, I get a little out of breath. Also, I'm illiterate. [music] You're sorry. Your local scientists can't actually read. You know what I The mods were said the meanest thing to me.

[00:14:20]I was I was like reading through a PowerPoint that they made for me and as I was reading it, they were like, "Oh, uh I'm I'm our bad. We forgot that he's illiterate." because I was like trying to read something and I like stumbled upon my words like three or four times.

[00:14:34]I was like, "Hello, I'm trying my best.

[00:14:37]Come on."

[00:14:40]Skill issue. Okay. Okay. You know, I'm sorry. Not not all of us are as are as literate and articulate as chat. Okay.

[00:14:49]Sorry. Sorry. And you know what's also bad? When I was growing up, I spent a lot of time reading, you know, [music] but I didn't spend a lot of time talking to other people. So that kind of made it so that I would mispronounce a lot of words really confidently. Like I know how they're used. I know how to spell them, but I don't know how to say them, you know? Yeah. Yeah. I don't I don't know if any of you can relate, but uh it was a it was a [music] was a problem.

[00:15:21]Published, but illiterate is wild. True.

[00:15:24]True. Published scientist. [laughter] Hey, let's go. Nature published, by the way.

[00:15:30]I really say that too much. I just I feel I feel bad, but and I someone always picks a fight with me and then I'm just like I have to be like, "Yeah, by the way, I'm a published scientist.

[00:15:40]By the way, I'm super cool." Mhm. Yeah.

[00:15:42]I hate talking. What? Okay. I do I do like yapping. I like You know what? I like listening more though. I like meeting new people and then hearing their story. I'm like, "What's up with you?" You know, how how'd you get here?

[00:15:56]What are you doing? You know, it's I think that's fun for me. That's like part of the joy I love. Hi, I just woke up. Welcome. Welcome. Good morning. Good morning.

[00:16:05]Okay. Okay. Um, yeah. I I actually kind of am a little groggy right now. I had a little too much to eat. I ate a little I had a little too much to eat. You know what that does to you? Yeah. My astronaut died is not not going so well.

[00:16:19]I need a lock in for offkai.

[00:16:21]Oh my gosh. I was looking at hotel prices to to go stay there. um when I was like when I was traveling uh to conventions before we get to the videos um there are like conventions that are coming up and I'd like to show up so that I can hand stuff and whatnot to community members.

[00:16:39]I think it'd be really fun. There's [music] like VTuber conventions and whatnot. Um and I was looking at pricing for the hotels there if I, you know, take a little bit of a detour from the space station and stay there. It's expensive. It's like $3,000 for the weekend. And I'm just like, "Oh my, it's like nearly It's nearly like $700 to $800 a day." And I was like, "Oh my god." for hotels. So I might just crash at one of my physicist friends home.

[00:17:10]There's like a there's a there's a physicist that I know who works in like semiconductor stuff there. and he and his like very sweet Japanese wife have like a one-bedroom home. And last time I was there in the area, they let me sleep on their floor and they gave me oniris when I went out to go do work stuff and it was very cute and very sweet. So maybe I'll just stay there again because um because I'm I don't know about paying that much money.

[00:17:38]I don't know about paying that much.

[00:17:40]Yeah. So cute. Yeah, they are cute.

[00:17:42]They're they're very dorps. They're very dorps. Man, didn't even find a place for offkai until later. Um, I mean, last time I went to Offkai specifically, I decided to fly out to Offkai the day before. It was a 1-day flight and then I just like figured out accommodations as I was flying over. I like texted people while I was flying. So, yeah. Yeah.

[00:18:05]Aren't you still in debt from your hospital stay?

[00:18:10]I love America so much.

[00:18:13]Oh.

[00:18:14]Why? Why have affordable healthc care, you know? You know, [laughter] anyway.

[00:18:22]Anyway, um Oh. Oh, Sagge. Oh, Sagge.

[00:18:32]Hospital stay. What happened? Uh, I had a little bit of a hospital stint um a few like a month or two ago. Like two month two or three months ago, but I'm okay now. So, no worries. No worries. I just had to take a little bit of a break. Just a little bit of a break. But now I am hopefully a little better.

[00:18:49]Yeah. Yeah. No worries.

[00:18:53]Uh this is the only time when being double covered for insurance helps. Is that possible? Can you get double insured? I did not know that. I did not know that was a thing.

[00:19:02]That is an area where America might be doomed. True. True. I will say there are like some perks about being in America.

[00:19:09]Like for [music] one of like the huge perks is space research. Like I think we are the happening place for anything space related. So if you are interested in the space field like this is the place to be. So I I am very lucky for that regard.

[00:19:26]As a Canadian I pity you guys. All right. All right. I don't want to hear from America's top hat. Okay. Okay.

[00:19:35]Gr.

[00:19:39][laughter] I'm sorry. I I'm just jealous. I'm just jealous.

[00:19:45]All right. Let me see. If I pop over here, what is going to show up? Ooh.

[00:19:51]Oh, it's empty. It's the empty void. Oh my gosh. Oh my gosh.

[00:20:00]If I pop this Oh.

[00:20:03]Oh.

[00:20:05]And then maybe [music] if I pop this. Nice. Okay.

[00:20:10]>> At six. Ah. Ah, there we go. Let me see.

[00:20:15]Is it? Okay, the audio is capturing properly. Let me make sure that it's like actually audio split properly.

[00:20:22]Okay, it is. Okay, it is. Nice. Nice.

[00:20:26]Nice. Let's go. Let's go.

[00:20:30]Okay. Okay. Um, I can turn off the music and we're going to watch this video called What Exactly Happened on Artemis 2. I wonder if they're going to talk about the broken toilet. There's like only two things that broke during the latest moon missions. One being the toilet, two being Microsoft Outlook. So, like honestly, all things considered, it went pretty well. But Microsoft Outlook, the email failing is probably one of the funniest bits. The second being the fact that the toilet didn't work. Well, peeing didn't work. I think you could still you could still poo, but you couldn't pee. Yeah. Mhm. Oof. Not the toilet. I bet it rire in there. I actually bet it stank. I wonder if they ever comment on it. You know, maybe they'll write like little memoir books afterwards. That'd be really funny. And then then we could read and be like, "Oh no, all the stinky stinks. I wonder how stinky you'd be.

[00:21:33]The Microsoft Outlook fail I keep hearing about on my shorts feed. Uh I have it's actually my phone lock screen right now. I like to recycle my phone lock [music] screen and my phone lock screen is a picture of the Microsoft Outlook fail. It's pretty great. I'll show you later. I'll post in the Discord server or something.

[00:21:50][laughter] All right. All right. Let's just get into it. Today's a more chill um chill nerdy yap day. So, might as well might as well start, shall we?

[00:21:59]Boom. Okay. Music off. Music off. Ah, thank you for linking the Discord mods.

[00:22:04]I appreciate it. I appreciate it. All right. All right.

[00:22:10]Clicky click.

[00:22:11]>> Local time. On April 1st, 2026, NASA's Space Launch System rocket lifted off from the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida, marking the first time that a crew of people has departed the Earth to visit our moon in over 53 years.

[00:22:29]>> Yeah.

[00:22:29]>> The launch itself went to >> Oh my gosh. Okay. A lot of people ask why we didn't send people to the moon since the Cold War, and the biggest reason is that there's been no reason to. I say what you want about like space travel, but it's almost always done for ego and political purposes, like geopolitical purposes. And so now as uh national tensions get a little higher, suddenly we're like, you know what, flag planting matters again. And we also couldn't deal with the fact that China has the only visible flag now on the moon because the American flags got bleached out from the sun. The Apollo all the Apollo era flags are now white.

[00:23:13]I've talked about this before, but h what a shame. What a shame. So, America's like, "We must go back." Uh the plan is um this one was a flyby.

[00:23:23]Next one will be another landing, like an actual physical landing, but we'll see. We'll we'll see if funding get cut or or if we'll make it. I I think the plan is actually to make it. There was also some crazy uh new missions being proposed after this one. after this one was successful.

[00:23:40]I I'll have to show you it. It involves nuclear weapons, but I won't spoil it too much.

[00:23:47]>> Out as smoothly as these things get, there was one brief and minor concern in the minutes leading up to the scheduled launch time. Ground crews were a little concerned about readings from the flight termination system, what they call the FTS. It's basically a string of explosives that are rigged up to the main fuel tank of the rocket, and they act as a self-destruct mechanism if the booster was to ever lose control for any reason. as it flies through the air. So, the >> Wait, that's kind of scary. Wait, I did not know that. At the start of the refueling, there were sensor readings saying that we should self-destruct.

[00:24:21]Okay, I'm glad it didn't blow up in front of millions of people watching on the day of the launch, which happened to be April Fools. Okay, mechanism if the booster was to ever lose control for any reason as it flies through the air. So, the crew would abort and their capsule would fly away. then the entire rocket would explode before it posed any risk of falling on people. So, it's the kind of system that you hope not to use, but you definitely want it to work properly if the need ever comes up. That little bit of chatter around the FTS delayed the launch by just a few minutes from the opening of the They only took a few minutes to check this. Wow, that's kind of crazy. I also I want to I want to make a YouTube video on like what sort of risk you balance for this because even though this has been very well engineered, there's been a bunch of like checks to make sure that everything is safe or safe as can be, it's still never going to be 100% safe. And there's probably an actual mathematical number of how safe. And so I'm curious like when does NASA say, "Oh, this is good enough for human space flight." like there must be some value or like some way they decide. So, I'm curious and I know that value has changed over the years. It used to be a lot more um the NASA used to play it a lot more uh uh wild in the in the Cold War era because they were in a rush. Nowadays, it's a lot lot more safe. flight window at 6:24 p.m. But the issue was quickly resolved when the ground crew realized that they just had a faulty sensor reading and the system itself was actually working just fine.

[00:26:03]How do you know that though that it's a faulty sensor? They probably have backup sensors. But that's scary. Just be like, "Oh, our sensor, like one of our sensors for the self-destruct sequence is like going a little haywire. I guess it's fine." All right. Okay. Sure. Okay.

[00:26:17]Sure. This came as a pleasant surprise to anyone who had been following the troubled journey of NASA's most powerful rocket, the SLS. Probably best known for being over budget schedule.

[00:26:29]>> This particular stack had given NASA problems earlier in the year when it started leaking hydrogen during a system test in February.

[00:26:37]>> The hydrogen leaks, I don't want to drive onto it too much, but they are a known problem with this type of rocket.

[00:26:44]They're the reason why no new modern spacecraft after these missions will ever use hydrogen rocket fuel again.

[00:26:52]Most likely not for many, many years because hydrogen is just too hard to handle. It just leaks too much and no one wants to deal with it. So, I think after these missions, uh, we're going to be taking some pretty big steps away from hydrogen rocket fuel. It's just it's just too hard to contain. It always leaks. It's super explosive. Uh, causes invisible fire problems. Yeah.

[00:27:17]>> Then after that was fixed, it started leaking helium a few days later, which led NASA to rolling the vehicle back into their assembly building where it was taken apart and put back together and finally returned to the launchpad to await its crew.

[00:27:30]>> Of the four people on board NASA's moon rocket's are American astronauts, commander Reed Wisman, pilot Victor Glover, and >> what's next and coming to fuel then? Oh.

[00:27:41]Uh, they're using less efficient fuels that are more stable, usually like methaneesque based kind of fuels. Um, there's like special different types of rocket concoctions. I think the most common one will be the one that SpaceX uses actually. Uh, I I don't know its exact chemical details, but it's a very standard triedand-trude stable rocket fuel. Whereas even though hydrogen and like uh hydrogen oxygen fuel works more efficiently, it's the it's the theoretically best fuel we can have. Uh the actual use case is very difficult. It's it's hard to do. And so as we start moving away from theory and making sure it works one time and now we're trying to get it to work a 100 times, it's like becoming a regular shipping thing. Things are changing.

[00:28:33]This is just like how um just like how technically gas could like car gas could be more efficient, but because there's like things you have to consider like storage and movement and pumping it, um we change the formulation.

[00:28:48]>> Yeah. [sighs] Mm- mission specialist Christina Cook.

[00:28:54]They are joined by Canadian Space Agency mission specialist Jeremy Hansen, the first Canadian to participate in a crude moon mission.

[00:29:01]>> I hope Canada's hyped for this. the only international contribution to the Aremis program. The service module attached below the crew capsule that provides power, propulsion, and life support was actually made in Germany under a contract from >> Oh. Oh, yeah. I I This is a whole thing.

[00:29:18]Europe actually helped out for a lot of this. Uh, America did most of the rocket development, but for the spacecraft that the astronauts were sitting in, a lot of that was made in um in Europe, specifically in Germany and Airbus and some other companies also helped out for this. Yeah. Yeah. Also, oh, I see someone um they graduated. Congrats.

[00:29:40]Congrats for the graduation. Graduation.

[00:29:42]Oh, and YouTube chat is asking um is the reason why hydrogen leaks so much because of the molar mass? It's because it's the smallest element. That's why it's the smallest element on the periodic table. So, it means that it can leak through pretty much anything. And it's also operating at high pressures cuz remember all these gases for rocket fuel, they're stored in like sealed pressurized canisters. And so, if you have even the tiniest leak, it it it will could possibly cause explosions.

[00:30:13]And that's a huge huge no no for rockets with humans inside. Mhm.

[00:30:20]>> The European Space Agency. This was reflected in the name that the crew chose for their spacecraft integrity.

[00:30:26][music] A nod to the integrated nature of the vehicle, the rocket and entire Aremis program with teams from across the USA and around the world working together to make this mission possible.

[00:30:37]>> Okay. across the world minus China and Russia and like a few other countries.

[00:30:46]Um um so the Artemis Accords also has a uh counter group filled.

[00:30:57]I don't know what it's called. Actually, let me let me pull it up for you. I'm going to I'm going to find it for you.

[00:31:02]I'm going to find it for you. Uh, they have their own thing. What is it called?

[00:31:17]China's version of the Artimus Accords. Hm.

[00:31:30]Oh, it's called LRCO.

[00:31:35]I rico.

[00:31:38]I don't Okay. Okay. Um, interesting.

[00:31:43]Interesting. I do have a beautiful image though that I can show you. Check out this nice nice little graph here. This is of the different countries signed for each um who signed for each accord. So this is the IR the ILRCO signitories are the basically the Russian uh China counterparts. They're basically the axial powers and then we have the arnis accords which is everyone else is like America and allies and it's a whole thing. Um, in fact, this is showing you which countries are allied to share information about space. It's like, um, if if America during their trip to the, uh, to the moon discovers something that could harm astronauts or maybe improve space flight, they have an actual obligation to share that information with all participating countries inside the Aremis Accords. And in return, countries inside the Arnmis accord will help sponsor uh American space flight, right? Like that's that's their whole shtick. The thing though is because there's no agreement with like China and Russia, for example, if for example something during the Artemis missions, they discover, oh, if you don't do this specific maneuver around the moon, everyone on board will die.

[00:33:12]they actually don't have an obligation to say this to China and Russia and probably won't. And the same goes for China and Russia and their uh signatory countries with American space flight. So it is truly an information wall behind behind the two countries and sharing any information about spaceflight internationally is a huge no no. there's like a bunch of steps and safeguards to ensure that you do not share this information and it's treated extremely uh carefully like they're they're like prized uh state secrets and yeah I don't I don't know it's just are we going to have space wars maybe who knows but right now information is being segregated and there's like two groups and both are claiming to be civilian nonpartisan and not militarized but we'll see we'll see Yeah. Mhm.

[00:34:08]Okay. Let me go.

[00:34:10]Boop. Boop. Boop. There we go.

[00:34:12]>> And within seconds of booster ignition, the Integrity and her crew rose into a clear blue sky above the Florida coast, riding the most powerful rocket NASA has ever launched.

[00:34:22]>> 8 and 1/2 minutes into the flight at an altitude of about 100 m above the surface, the booster engines were shut down and the spacecraft was released into Earth orbit.

[00:34:33]I totally for I I totally forgot about this. I was watching the live stream and they missed the booster separation. Like this footage of the boosters being separated came from a different video like other people filming. But NASA's live stream right as the booster separated they cut to people on the lawn like just looking up at it and everyone's just like oh there's like I think there's like literally a million people watching and there and they watched the booster separation um get cut by a lawn shot and I was like oh no NASA oh no so a little bit of a live stream fail but it's okay it happens >> half minutes into the flight at an altitude of about 100 miles above the surface, the booster engines were shut down and the spacecraft was released into Earth orbit.

[00:35:25]>> This was an amazing shot though. This was in the live stream and I saw this and I was just like, "Ooh, this is good."

[00:35:31]>> From here, the Integrity is still connected to the upper stage of the SLS, which is a single rocket engine capable of raising the spacecraft to an altitude of about 43,500 m above the surface.

[00:35:43][music] After reaching this high Earth orbit about one hour into flight, this is where the crew took a bit of a pause on their trip to the moon to conduct a full systems check of their spacecraft.

[00:35:54]Oh, by the way, by the time they disconnect from the solid rocket booster for the first time, they're pretty much kind of good. Like at this point there's one main RS25 engine that's pushing the the like spacecraft, but even if that engine has like issues, they're still going to be able to make it back to Earth. We we're talking about this before, but they're using Earth's um rotation and gravitational field to at this point slingshot the spacecraft to the moon, have the moons uses use its gravity to grab the spacecraft and then fling it back to Earth. So even if there are like issues, astronauts don't get stranded in space. That's like actually a really big concern that um you think about when you plan for human space flight is if everything breaks and dies, will the humans still come back? Yeah.

[00:36:46]And in this case, yes. In this case, yes. So, hello. Welcome in Gremlin and and Luna Luna Quarter Moon. Hi. And and Gabriel, thank you for the follow.

[00:36:54]Welcome in. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. This is where the crew took a bit of a pause on their trip to the moon to conduct a full systems check of their spacecraft. This is only the second time that an Orion series capsule has flown and the first one to carry people on board. So, the idea is to make sure that everything is working properly before committing to the moon.

[00:37:17][laughter] I would I'm glad that they checked to make sure everything was working properly before going to the moon.

[00:37:25]That's pretty scary. Yeah.

[00:37:28]>> And there were some issues reported by the crew during this time. The first and probably most unfortunate was a problem with the universal waste management system, which is a fan.

[00:37:39][laughter] Also, I want you to know this toilet costs so much money. The first uh iteration of this that was built for the International Space Station cost US taxpayers, I believe, $70 million to develop. It was probably the most expensive toilet of all time. And this one is the second most expensive toilet of all time. And um it broke. So uh yeah, midway through flight it broke. I I actually know way too much about the details about this toilet. I read multiple engineering blogs and science breakdowns on this exact toilet system.

[00:38:20]So, I'll see if this YouTube video goes into it. If not, I will tell you about the toilet. I I I'm not obsessed with pee. Okay. It's It was just interesting.

[00:38:29]Anyway, fancy way to say the toilet.

[00:38:32]This was supposed to be one of the biggest upgrades for a modern crew traveling to the moon. The old Apollo guys just had to do their business in plastic bags.

[00:38:41]And and before before the plastic bags, they just had diapers. They just had ultraabsor absorbent diapers that they called mags. The is it maximally absorbent garments? Something like that.

[00:38:55]They It was just an they just wore diapers. So, uh then they got upgraded to bags. And now this is supposed to be a whole fancy thing.

[00:39:02]>> While the new spacecraft is equipped with a full bathroom stall. Turns out a problem with the suck [laughter] Look, look at this cup. You know where this goes. You know exactly what this is for. [laughter] Look, you know, you know exactly what that is for. Yep. Yep. Oh.

[00:39:24]Oh, also um each astronaut has their own personal adapter. Um, so usually you either have like a plastic bag ghee thing like a like a sanitary thing that covers this that then you you put on or you have your own you have like your own attachment like it's it's one made specifically for you that hooks up to this vacuum tube so that you can uh you can you can do a little little pee pee in, you know, no uh in a dignified way.

[00:39:54]I mean this is so much better than a plastic bag, right? Oh. Oh, also also um [laughter] they practice this. By the way, if you think an astronaut's first time going to a bathroom inside this weird little contraption will happen in space, you are so wrong. They actually probably practice peeing in this thing a hundred times before they actually send them up to space.

[00:40:22]So, um, yeah, earlier they mentioned being required to share information, right? Didn't someone in the government get honeypotted later?

[00:40:31]Oh, you're talking about the nuclear engineer guy who got honeypotted? Uh, yeah. Yeah. Sometimes people get honeypotted inside these like top secret missions. It happens. You know, when you have a a hot hot girly come up to you and be like, "Wow, I really could you tell me more about the US's plans for space travel? Could I could you also tell me about like the nuclear weapon arsenal? I'm really curious. I find people who talk about that stuff so attractive." You know, I I think most most nerdy engineers would fail. I not going to lie. Um Yeah, it's I'm just a man.

[00:41:13][laughter] Carbon, if you get honeypotted, I officially illegally do not know you.

[00:41:18]Okay. Okay. [laughter] I won't. Okay. I won't. That's why I have my AI girlfriend. She'll protect me from state state spies.

[00:41:29]Suction fan stop the P hose from working properly. But the space toilet was still functional for the number two. So, for number one, astronauts had to resort to something called the collapse contingency urinal, which is a fancy way to say it's a contingency urinal. They had a backup P tube. Okay, so this guy, this video has it right in that um the original like on on space the space flight, the toilet got partially uh clogged. In fact, it's only the peeing that stopped working. And how it stopped working is because uh due to poor sealing, like sealing from the outside vacuum, when you pee in this pee tube, the pee will actually I'm saying pee so much. The the urine the the urine will freeze on the outside of the spacecraft and clog the toilet. So instead of being able to actually open the vacuum seal and then like dump your poop into space, um the pee will freeze and clog the whole system. And so you could actually still technically pee, but um they didn't want to risk it. So they're like, "Okay, you can only do poo poos, only poo poos because there's less liquid in poo poos and we won't have to worry about the toilet as much. And if you pee, pee in a tube." Essentially, that's what they did. And how they fixed the problem initially, I I made a small short on it. [laughter] How they fixed the problem of the frozen pee in the first place to unclog the toilet is they pointed the entire spacecraft towards the sun and use the sun's rays to melt the pee off the outside of the spacecraft so that it would unclog the toilet. And they were scared that if the astronauts continue to pee, it would reclog it. and they're like, "We don't have enough uh extra jet fuel or not jet fuel, extra rocket fuel in order to continually maneuver back towards the sun like that, so let's just not risk it peeing in a tube." But technically, maybe it wouldn't cause an issue again, but they didn't want to risk it. They were they were like very they I imagine your spacecraft crashing or failing because your urine got frozen on the outside. Like they didn't want to risk it. So after they fixed it one time, they're like, "Never again." Yeah.

[00:43:47]Real, real, real indeed.

[00:43:51]Mm- >> to resort to something called the collapse contingency urinal, which is a fancy way to say, "I hope none of them got diarrhea." Then I didn't even think about that.

[00:44:04]Oh my goodness. If they got diarrhea, they would have to report that to the to NASA in Houston. They literally have to be like, "Hey, Houston." They're like on the toilet. They're like, "Hey, Houston." Um, I may have a problem. I might be my my poo poo might be a little watery. [laughter] They might actually have to call that in and then engineers would have to analyze it. [laughter] Houston, I'm [ __ ] myself.

[00:44:32]Oh my gosh. I wonder. It must have not been an issue because it wasn't publicly said, but if they did have diarrhea, that would cause a problem. [laughter] >> Peeing in a bag. The only other problem they experienced was an IT issue with their Microsoft.

[00:44:48]>> Ah, yes. The outlet, the crew got two official NASA accounts and they couldn't log into either of them. This will come as no surprise to anyone who's ever worked in a Microsoft Teams office. But with all of that, [laughter] oh, how unfortunate. Also, what do you mean log in? Do you need internet connection? Are they getting beamed internet colle connection from Earth?

[00:45:12]Like, how does that work? That's that is a question I have.

[00:45:15]>> That out of the way, in the evening of April 2nd, ground crews unanimously voted to clear integrity for a trans lunar injection burn. This is when they fire the main engine on the European service module to transition from an orbit around the Earth to a trip around the moon.

[00:45:32]>> Yep.

[00:45:32]>> After completing the burn, the spacecraft is committed to a very specific path known as the free return trajectory. Oh, they're talking about efficient way [clears throat] to geth.

[00:45:41]So, oh, I love this graphic. So, it's first they do like a regular they do their regular orbit, right? Um because they're they're sitting in orbit first and then they do all the checks to confirm that everything's safe. And once everything's set to go and they're like, "Okay, mission's ready to go." They start entering into their free return trajectory and they start they start moving away from Earth actually and then and then um fly. I don't flying is such a weird way to describe this. They fly closer to Earth on one side and then the Earth's gravitational pole will then slingshot them towards the moon and then when they get to the moon here like by the time they reach in the middle of the step here by the time they leaves Earth's uh orbit they are already guaranteed to come back because they plot the trajectory and the position of the moon and all the and and all the astral bodies all the physics to make sure that the the spacecraft the spacecraft will get pulled by moon's grav the moon's gravity and then launch it right back. So even if the engine dies all the power goes out the astronauts will at least return home >> from the earth to the moon and then back again because it uses gravity from the two body.

[00:46:54]>> Also this these calculations were done with computers today but back in the day it was just rooms of people. I don't think people I I don't think a lot of people realize this, but back during the Apollo missions where we actually put humans onto the moon, there were entire rooms full of people, mostly women, who were just doing numbers. It was just like they they were called human calculators. Uh there's they made a whole movie about it. Um about a bunch of humans doing like very pinpoint math.

[00:47:28]you need like 15 significant digit calculations in order to make sure all your math is done correctly. And and you have to do that on the fly. So like as they're getting new readings, they're sending these readings back to Earth and and then a bunch of humans on Earth start madly scribbling on pieces of paper and then finish a calculation, be really sure about their math, and then send it back. That's That's crazy high pressure and scary, but we were able to do it. So, yeah. Pretty insane. Mhm.

[00:48:05]Uh, did you see the stack she stood by to take pics with? I did not. I did not.

[00:48:10]Wait, wait. Can I look that up? Wait, wait. Let me see. Give me a second. I'm I want to see I want to see this image.

[00:48:16]Hold on. Hold on.

[00:48:26]Ooh.

[00:48:34]Okay. This is not this is not um um math, but these are early computer programs. This is uh Maggaret Hamilton standing next to a stack of program listings from the Apollo guidance computer. This is like all there. I think these are punch cards. Unsure. But yeah, there's a lot of there's a lot of human math that had to be done here. Um it's kind of crazy how far we've come. I I fear that we've kind of lost the art to do things without computerized software assistants. But back in the day, um a lot of these things were done by hand.

[00:49:11]>> Used to handle most of the steering. As they approach the moon, its gravity will naturally sling them around the far side and throw the ship back the way it came.

[00:49:20]At which point, gravity from the Earth will take over and begin to >> Wait, wait, wait, wait, wait. Okay, okay. Actually, I I know I I know you were looking at this, but speaking of paper, I I just need to show you something cuz you're reminding me of another of another thing.

[00:49:37][sighs] Let's see. I'm scrolling. I think I bookmarked this. So, I'm gonna check really quick if I have it in the right bookmark.

[00:49:48]Ah, I got it. I got it. I got it. It's a It's a tweet. It's a tweet that I want to show you. Okay. Um, I think you'll find this pretty exciting.

[00:49:58]Uh, or not exciting, but in cool, interesting.

[00:50:03]This photo is a picture of what old engineers did. You used to draw all your diagrams by hand and there were giant rooms full of dudes with little protractors drawing their engineering diagrams and that was a thing. We don't do this anymore, but it used to be that if you wanted to be like a engineer, you'd have to have really great handwriting and drawing and art skills.

[00:50:31]But um yeah. Yeah, blueprint rooms.

[00:50:34]They're called blueprints because they're literally blue pieces of paper that you would print on. Like you'd leave an impression and underneath there'd be like a blue imprint paper.

[00:50:42]It's it it is uh it is it is crazy. It's crazy. I've never seen this before. This is stuff stuff only spoken of legends. I I've never once encountered one of these, but I have been into um into big corporate rooms where they had an old room that was supposed to be a blueprint room and it had been like repurposed and they're like just big open rooms with a bunch of tables and you're just like, "Ah, this is where people would do the blueprinting on, but [laughter] nowadays it's it's all software based."

[00:51:15]>> Pull them back home. This makes for a relatively slow trip. So the crew stayed busy by turning their cameras back toward the earth.

[00:51:26]>> They got they got camera trained before they went to the moon, I believe. And they also got each of them got given iPhones. So a bunch of astronauts have personal iPhone selfies that they took and they have their own like state sponsor DSLR camera photo shot photo shoots that they've taken. So a lot of them have a ton of cool photos here. I I'm really excited to go through them with you. Uh after this video, we can look at some photos that they've taken.

[00:51:53]>> These are the first highresolution digital images that show our entire planet in one frame. Most photographs that you see of Earth are composites, meaning they had to take a bunch of different photos and stitch them together to show the entire globe.

[00:52:08]That's because anything in a typical Earth orbit is just too close to see the entire thing. This photograph, which is now titled Hello World, was taken with a wide-angle lens on a Nikon D5 camera on April. This is at a distance of about 100,000 miles into space. This is so cool that we see an entire the entire Earth photo shoot. I think that's really awesome.

[00:52:36]Like in one in one photo, you fit the whole Earth. Also, can you see up here?

[00:52:41]Is this the Aurora Bulalis? Is [laughter] Is that It's green. You can see it. You can see I think this is uh from our atmosphere lighting up. H.

[00:52:52]That's pretty cool. That's a nice little detail.

[00:52:56]>> Yeah.

[00:52:58]>> On April 3rd at a distance of about 100,000 miles.

[00:53:04]>> You can see the first light of the sun just beginning to peek out over the horizon. So the light that we're seeing itself is actually reflecting off the moon and filling in the night side of the planet. The scene would have looked >> Oh, that's something I didn't even think about. This is a high exposure image because the sun's on the other side. So the reason why you can even see the Earth here is because it's lit up by the moon's reflection, meaning this is nighttime for everyone on on this side of the Earth. Huh, that's such a cool thought. Yeah, into space. You can see the first light of the sun just beginning to peek out over the horizon.

[00:53:45]So, the light that we're seeing on the Earth itself is actually reflecting off the moon and filling in the night side of the planet. The scene would have looked much darker to the naked eye, but it's brought to life by the Nikon D5's unique ability to capture detail images in extremely low light situations. As the Earth grew smaller in their windows, the crew of Integrity would spend Saturday and Sundays and experiments on board the ship as they prepared for the main event, the lunar flyby.

[00:54:15]>> Oh, they have so many experiments that they have to run. Um, a lot of the they have some downtime for for this trip, but the downtime is really just scheduled time to take photos. uh almost every minute of your time as an astronaut is actually booked. So you have like calls with different state senators scheduled. You have calls with like high schools scheduled. You have experiments that you have to conduct that you've practiced beforehand on on the ground. You have like health system safety checks that you have to perform and like um and are responsible for as part of your main core mission and and all sorts of stuff, right? So like almost every minute of your time in space is pre-allocated and scheduled for even your hours for sleep are predetermined and set for you and your food. And your food. What separates Aremis 2 from every Apollo moon mission is the distance they will cover. At their furthest point from Earth, the crew reached a distance of over 252,000 mi, further than any person has ever traveled from home. This gives them a very unique perspective on the moon itself because at an altitude of about 4,000 m, they get to see the entire thing fill their spacecraft windows.

[00:55:34]It's kind of like if you held a basketball out at the end of your arm.

[00:55:38]That's how big the moon would appear to the eyes of the crew. Basketball at the end of my arm. That's pretty cool.

[00:55:46]That's a nice analog or a nice nice and not analog analogy. Um, I do wonder though he I wonder how that would make you feel.

[00:55:58]Unsure. Unsure. It'd be I'm sure it'd be a very insane, surreal experience.

[00:56:04]>> The end of your arm. That's how big the moon would appear to the eyes of the crew. The guys on Apollo orbited the moon at a much lower altitude, just a few hundred miles. So, they could only ever see one small area at a time. And they were always circling around the equator of the moon. though they never had a clear view of >> look at all these craters.

[00:56:24]>> Now during their approach to the moon, the crew was able to spot two previously unidentified craters on the surface and this is kind of the emotional heart of the entire mission.

[00:56:34]>> One of those new craters was proposed to be named integrity to commemorate this mission and the vehicle that carried them.

[00:56:40]>> I saw new craters.

[00:56:42]>> Second is a bright spot crater that lies right on the foundry between the near and far side. This one was proposed to be named Carol after Reed Wiseman's late wife who passed away in 2020. Those bright spots were one of the first really interesting observations made by the crew. These fresh impacts kick up light colored dust from just below the surface and stand out against the dull gray of the moon. Christina Cook noted that these are so bright they kind of look like holes poked in a map shade.

[00:57:12]And this is the kind of observation that is so important from Artemis 2. Even with a really great digital camera, there is still a lot of nuance that only the human eye can see, our eyes perceive.

[00:57:25]>> Ah, I see. I see. Because even with camera, like the cameras don't really do it justice of like what visually stands out.

[00:57:34]>> A much greater dynamic range between dark and bright than any camera sensor.

[00:57:39]And we also see a lot more color. Here's an illustration of that. The big >> we see a lot more green. specifically.

[00:57:46]Maybe we have more green rods. Wait, there's a video of them hugging each other when they announced the naming.

[00:57:51]Really? Wait, can I find it? Hold on.

[00:57:54]Hold on.

[00:57:55]Maybe I can find it.

[00:58:07]Astronauts hugging from crater announcement. Let's see. Oh.

[00:58:12]Oh, there is one.

[00:58:15]The second one.

[00:58:17]>> Hey, hold on. Hold on.

[00:58:23]And especially meaningful for this crew is a number of years ago we started this journey and our close-knit astronaut family and we lost a loved one. And there's a there's a feature in a really neat place on the moon and it is on the near side far side boundary. In fact, it's just on the near side. This one you look at Glushko and it's just to the north Carol and you spell that ca >> okay >> O L >> Okay. Oh. Oh.

[00:59:00]Oh, that is a very tender hug.

[00:59:03]Oh, that's very sweet of them. Uh a Oh, okay. They're they're being they're being adorable. They're tearing up the common say a that is a beautiful way to honor them, right? It's it it's something that NASA can very easily do.

[00:59:23]And why not? You know, it gives them so much um it it means a lot to the astronauts on board. Mhm. I'm not crying, you're crying. Yeah. Right.

[00:59:32]Grving shape is the entire visible color spectrum. And that triangle inside is the small fraction that can fit into a digital image. So, while the photographs still have incredible value, the most unique data from Artemis 2 is the first person accounts of the astronauts as they describe what they see on the moon with their own eyes. For example, the crew noted that the moon is not actually as gray as it appears from Earth. They saw distinct hues of brown and even >> Okay, well, that's because um the atmosphere changes how we see moon color. I actually posted about this.

[01:00:10]Wait, let me see if I can find my old moon color post.

[01:00:15]There's like a bunch of different colors that the moon can look like, but that's not necessarily how the moon actually looks.

[01:00:24]Where is it? Where is it? I'm I'm trying to find it. I'm trying to find it.

[01:00:27]>> Ah, here it is. Here it is.

[01:00:30]So, you can see here like all the different colors of the moon. Yeah, I like my own tweets. Yeah, I like my own tweets. What about it? Anyway, [laughter] um these are just some of the different color variations you can see of the moon. And it's mainly because the atmosphere will change how we see the moon. So, if you have like a bunch of dust, right? Have you ever seen a red sun because there's a bunch of like smoke around like a local forest fire or something? That's similar to what causes the moon to be red because >> depending on the concentration of the dust, it's going to cause the colors to be different. And there was one time uh we don't really know what happened, but you can also get a purple moon. Yes.

[01:01:13]Yes. You can get purple, you get a yellow, you can get you can get a red.

[01:01:18]Um all these different colors. And these are all taken from different places in the world. So, and they're all real like moon colors. So, what is the true true moon color? Probably what the astronauts are seeing because they don't go through an an atmosphere. So they're just seeing it directly with their eyes.

[01:01:38]Uh Decortify, hello, welcome in. Hi.

[01:01:42]Even a faint green in some of the impact crater regions. As integrity drew closer to the moon, they started crossing the boundary that separates the near side from the far side. That transition is marked by a large impact crater known as the Oriental Basin. It's 600 m wide and 3.8 billion years old. And Artemis 2 was the first 3.8 billion years old have ever seen the entire thing. As the spacecraft rounds over oriental, the far side of the moon begins to reveal itself.

[01:02:13]>> These are good photos.

[01:02:14]>> This is our moon like you have never seen it before. People often refer to this as the dark side, but it get >> it's the dark. It's the side that rotates away from us.

[01:02:23]>> It's just as much sun as any other place on the moon. The weird part about it is that this side always faces away from us on Earth. So, we've only ever seen the whole thing through satellite images.

[01:02:35]The first thing that you'll >> Isn't that cool? There's a whole side of the moon that never faces us. Like this side of the moon, you ne if you have a really powerful telescope, you never see because it's facing on the other other side. And the reason is because of the moon's rotation is timed in such a way that it always faces away from Earth.

[01:02:58]This this quote unquote dark side. So you can only see it from space satellites. And now I think these are the first humans to have ever seen the dark side of the moon.

[01:03:06]>> Dark side, but it gets just as much sun as any other.

[01:03:10]>> This guy lowkey sounds like you. The weird part about it is that actually always faces away from us on Earth. So we've only ever seen the whole thing through satellite images.

[01:03:20]>> The first thing that you'll notice is it's a much lighter region. There are none of those big dark spots that we associate with the face of the moon.

[01:03:29]Those are ancient volcanic lakes that filled up with lava.

[01:03:32]>> They used to call these seas, by the way. Um, the old Greek Roman philosophers who looked up at the stars would look at the dark spots in the moon and thought they were oceans. Now, we know that's not the case. Now, we know it's just a dried up lava.

[01:03:48]>> Rock billions of years ago when the moon was forming. So, we know that for some reason the volcanoes were concentrated on the earthf facing side, but we don't know why that is. This is one of the mysteries that the Artemis program is hoping to solve.

[01:04:03]>> That's kind of that's kind of strange. I didn't really think about that. Why are there only volcanic lava like res Why is there only lava residue on one side of the moon? I don't know. know that for some reason the volcanoes were concentrated on the earth-facing side, but we don't know why that is. This is one of the mysteries that the Artemis program is hoping to solve. So, with the absence of any volcanic activity to smooth it out, the far side of the moon is marked by heavy cratering.

[01:04:33]>> You can see that most clearly in images that the crew photographed along the terminator line.

[01:04:38]>> That's the transition from night to day.

[01:04:40]And through here, the low angle of the sunlight creates a super high contrast between dark shadowed lowlands and brightly lit highlands.

[01:04:49]Uh the theory is that eventually when we do build moon settlements, we'll actually build them at the bottom of craters. In order to dodge the really harsh sunlight from hitting moon, like a moon base, you would ideally build any moon base you have in the middle of a dark crater so that the sun doesn't like melt whatever you have on top cuz there's no atmosphere to protect you from the sun.

[01:05:14]>> The crew noted in that the surface of the moon is nowhere near as flat as it appeared from a distance. There are actually tall peaks and steep cliffs around these impact craters.

[01:05:26]It's kind of crazy that all the like peaks and cliffs and stuff from the moon are from mostly meteor impacts. Well, because there's no atmosphere either and there's no wind. It's not going to smooth this out. So, it's just straight up anything that ever hit the moon is still there. Like, uh, in theory, the footprints from the first Apollo landing are still going to be there on the moon, >> making for a rough and complex geography. One of the areas that they were able to see as the spacecraft circled around the far side was the South Pole Aken Basin. This is where NASA wants to land future Artemis missions with crew on board and eventually build a permanent outpost on the moon. We can see they eventually want to put their moon base in a crater.

[01:06:13]Yep. Yep.

[01:06:16][ __ ] with asthma going to get cooked up there. Oh. Oh, if you're breathing in moon dust, it's probably cancerous. It's probably all sorts of bad for you. You definitely don't want that.

[01:06:27]>> From these observations that the Artemis landings will be nothing like the old Apollo missions. Those touch down on the flat volcanic plains of the equator region on the near side, while the terrain for Artemis will be so much more rugged and challenging to navigate.

[01:06:42]>> Mhm.

[01:06:42]>> Turning their attention back toward home, the crew is able to witness another unique phenomenon. Not a sunset but an earth set as our plan the earthy horizon of the moon.

[01:06:55]>> This was this is a very this is a very famous photo. It went viral multiple times.

[01:07:00]>> Found at this point that integrity loses contact with the earth. That's not a problem. It's just an unfortunate effect of using laserbased communications. Once the moon passes in between the ship and the earth, the line of communication is broken. And so for a period of about 40 minutes, these four people were totally unreachable. Must be nice. As they came back into I'd be a little scared.

[01:07:22]>> Earthrise, an image.

[01:07:24]>> I I'd be a little scared if I did not uh if I did not have any communication. I was deep, deep in space.

[01:07:31]>> That was made famous by the crew of Apollo 8 when they captured this photograph on Christmas Eve in 1968.

[01:07:40]And now we have our own version of the Earth rise for our own generation.

[01:07:47]>> That's pretty cool.

[01:07:47]>> From this point on, Integrity is now moving away from the moon and back toward home. Later that evening, they >> they're good. Oh. Oh, also, while they're orbiting the moon, they're doing a bunch of other tests as well. So, they're still running tests while they're orbiting the moon. Um, one of the astronauts found out on the moon that they were allergic to moon dust. Oh my goodness, that'd be so bad.

[01:08:09]Oh gosh. Could you imagine going to the moon, setting down, and like doing your first walks, and then starting to break out into hives while you're on the moon in a space suit. Ooh.

[01:08:24]Ooh. Yeah. During the first like moon missions, they found out that the moon dust was way more uh aggressive than they originally thought and smaller, more jagged, and it was getting to everyone's space suits. So, if you're allergic to moon dust, I don't know. You can't really sit this one out, can you?

[01:08:40][laughter] Damn. Maybe take some allergy pills.

[01:08:44]It's yet another site that no human eye had seen before. A total eclipse of the sun from the far side of the moon. So, typically when we see an eclipse, the sun and moon appear almost exactly the same size. But from out here, the moon appears much bigger than the sun.

[01:09:01]>> That's cool. This allowed the total eclipse to last nearly 54 minutes and allowed the crew to capture photographs of the moon with the stars and planets in the background. So for any of your moonlanding conspiracy friends who ask why you can't see stars from the moon, it's because the sun was out every other time we went there. When the sun goes away, the stars come out just like on Earth. Oh, I didn't even think about that. I is that a conspiracy theory that it during the moon photos that we have so far you don't see the stars but in reality it's just the sun is so bright that it blotss out the stars and if you catch a photo of the moon during a moon eclipse you can actually see the stars.

[01:09:46]Well, that's cool. I don't I feel like uh flatearthers and moon deniers are becoming a rare breed. Like how can you deny the moon? There's so much overwhelming evidence. Like you can literally stare up at the sky with a telescope and watch the Aremis missions take off and land. Like I can't I can't believe in this day and age that there are a lot of people who are like flat-earthers, right? Surely not.

[01:10:11]Hopefully. You'd be surprised. You think so? I don't know.

[01:10:15]>> The sun goes away, the stars come out just like on Earth.

[01:10:20]>> Does the sun outshine other stars? Yes.

[01:10:22]Yes. Exactly. The sun just outshines other stars. It's like um it's like trying to take a picture of a small dim candle while there's a this while there's a bunch of bright things out.

[01:10:35]It's like looking trying to look at your phone right during a sunny day. It's hard to see your screen. Not because your phone is any dimmer, but because the outside is just so bright.

[01:10:46]The day ended with a congratulatory phone call to the crew from President Trump and NASA leadership while preparations were made to [laughter] I'm sorry. I just love their faces when the call happens. Anyway, [laughter] anyway, continuing on them home on the final leg of the journey. Another 4 days before they reach the Earth's atmosphere and begin the most dangerous phase of the mission. Re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere is a complicated maneuver.

[01:11:17]The capsule has to hit at the re-entry is the scariest part. If it comes in too shallow, then it'll actually bounce off and go flying back up into space. If the angle is too steep, then the capsule builds up too much resistance too fast and overheats. So NASA takes a lot of care with [music] guiding integrity in for its final descent. This is done using maneuvering on the surface as they should.

[01:11:39]>> Now once everything is lined up for re-entry, a lot of stuff begins to [music] happen in a relatively short.

[01:11:45]Also, they predicted the exact second that the spacecraft would land in the ocean, and they got it exactly correct.

[01:11:54]So, in terms of like re-entry success, it was very good because predicting the very second that you'd land after doing a 10day multi- hundreds of thousands of miles traveled. Um, tons of complicated equipment and you can still predict the exact second you land from the very beginning of launch is crazy.

[01:12:18]>> Hi, Titan. short time about 20 minutes before reaching the atmosphere.

[01:12:22]Pyrochnic [music] charges fire and separate the integrity capsule from the service module. The crew doesn't need it anymore.

[01:12:29]>> They've they've already done their service module things. Now it's just the heat shield >> and the service module will safely burn up as it re-enters. Once separated, the Integrity capsule fires up its own maneuvering thrusters to perform a flip and gets its heat shield pointing down into the direction of travel as the Oh.

[01:12:48]Oh, hello Maro. Thank you for the raid.

[01:12:49]Welcome in raiders. Hello. Hi. We're we're actually watching we're watching the climax of the um the Artemis 2 missions. We're watching them re-enter.

[01:12:58]We're doing like a little recap video right now. Hello. Hello. Welcome in.

[01:13:01]Welcome in. Thank you for the raid. I hope you I hope you're doing well.

[01:13:05]Welcome in.

[01:13:08]The capsule falls down through the upper atmosphere. The Earth's gravity begins [music] to pull harder and it accelerates to a top speed of about 32 times the speed of sound. at this >> do a flip spacecraft edition. Literally if they don't flip here, everyone on board dies. Okay. Like the flip is so important. I actually not only the flip, they also have to hold the orientation correctly. Where where is it? Do they show it?

[01:13:34]>> Oh. Oh yeah. Yeah. Just a little bit.

[01:13:36]Like this this spacecraft. All the shielding is on the is on the bottom.

[01:13:42]There's actually not that much shielding up top here. If it even goes slightly off angle, everyone on board is dead. It like will bake them like they're in an oven. Uh the only way they survive is if the bottom is pointed perfectly down.

[01:13:57]It's pretty scary. Sniffer. Oh yeah, they're they're sniffing. They're sniffing you. They're giving you little little butt sniffers. Um yeah, they're they're saying hello. Hello. High returns. No helmets in space. Wait, wait, wait. Boop. Hello. I'm safe now.

[01:14:12]I'm safe.

[01:14:14]shield pointing down into the direction of travel. As the capsule falls down through the upper atmosphere, the Earth's gravity begins to pull harder and it accelerates to a speed of about 32 times the speed of sound. At this velocity, the capsule begins slamming into the first air molecules, which are still very thin at this altitude, but there's enough atmosphere to begin the heating process. As we see the first sign of flame, >> and as it continues to go down, they're starting to like form plasma and stuff like that. Okay, you guys are fighting over the helmet. You're so silly. Don't sniff the goblins. They are stinky.

[01:14:48]Maybe I like that. It's okay. Astronauts don't wash wash their spacuits. So, even handy down astronaut suits are not washed. So, um we might be stinky together. Flames begin to light up outside the capsule window.

[01:15:02]Communications with the crew go dead.

[01:15:05]The energy from the spacecraft [music] compresses the molecules in the atmosphere so violently that they explode into a state of matter called plasma. Not only is everyone knows what plasma is though, right? Like I don't know, maybe I'm making assumptions, but yeah, the the plasma electrified atmosphere that's surrounding the spacecraft uh mess with any sort of electronic communication.

[01:15:29]So, you can't communicate during this time. This plasma is super hot, between 4 and 5,000 degrees F, but it's also so energized that it [music] begins to conduct electricity. The electric charge is what [clears throat] disrupts communications between the crew and the ground team. It's like flying [music] inside a lightning storm.

[01:15:48]>> There's technically uh ways to communicate through plasma. Um, but they're hard and experimental. They haven't been figured out yet. But this continues for six whole minutes until wind resistance has slowed the capsule down enough that it's no longer creating a plasma [music] field. That force of deceleration, >> there's like this um as as they get lower in the atmosphere, the atmosphere becomes thicker and as they run into more and more air, it actually slows down the spacecraft cuz they're flying really fast originally, but more and more air is actually slowing them down and then they stop having the plasma and then they can talk again. has an effect of about 4G on the astronauts [music] inside. The equivalent of about four times Earth's gravity.

[01:16:32]That's pretty that's pretty hardcore.

[01:16:34]They have to test this all the time. Um this is part of the reason why astronauts and fighter pilots have to be really fit because if you don't have enough muscle mass and uh and training in order to brace yourself here, you'll pass out. And if you pass out and you can't hit your controls properly, you'll die. So, uh there's a lot of training to make sure that they can actually handle these G-forces, which means a lot of roller coaster rides. Um they basically do like mock roller coaster rides, test the G-forces, and staying conscious during the whole thing. And this is the point where NASA regains communication with integrity, and the world is relieved to hear that all is well with the crew on board. From here, it's a few more minutes of freef falling as the first cameras begin to track integrity on its descent. At an altitude of around 5,000 ft, the main parachutes finally deploy and [music] the capsule slows down to a gentle 19 mph for the final coast phase. It's 5:07 p.m. local time off the coast [music] of San Diego, California, when Integrity makes their official splashdown into the Pacific Ocean, completing a 10-day journey that covered a [music] total 695,080.

[01:17:48]>> When we were watching this live, immediately we saw like boats full stuffed of people and divers going underneath to go check on the astronauts. Everyone was like, "Are you alive? Are you okay?"

[01:17:59]>> One miles from the Earth to the moon and back again. Once they are floating in the water, the capsule deploys five red helium balloons from the nose. Those are just to make sure it doesn't tip over.

[01:18:10]Although conditions on landing are pretty calm, at least as far as the Pacific Ocean goes, with waves peaking at about 4 ft high. There's only one minor issue post splashdown, and that's with the communications between the astronauts and their recovery crew.

[01:18:24]Commander Reed Wisman reports that he can hear the rescuers, but they can't hear him. So that results in a little bit of a delay with recovery boats just circling around the capsule and waiting for instructions.

[01:18:36]But eventually the first boat moves in and they open the hatch on the capsule from giving this video of them going inside fresh nonrecycled air since last Wednesday.

[01:18:46][laughter] >> Oh, I forgot about that. [gasps] They're recycling air this whole time.

[01:18:51]Oh yeah, this is their first breath of real air and they're probably excited to drink unfiltered piss. Afternoon, four Navy officers from the recovery boat hop into the capsule and begin to assess each astronaut, help them with getting out of their harness and space [music] helmet and getting set for the main recovery operation. They attach a big inflatable raft to the capsule underneath the open hatch [music] that's nicknamed the front porch. And one by one, the crew leave their capsule and drop onto the porch where they wait for a line to come down from a recovery helicopter. There are two choppers running one.

[01:19:28]>> It's really funny. There's actually people critiquing like, I can't believe you're putting them in a chopper and then taking them back to the aircraft carrier instead of having them take the boat back. But like, you know, the aircraft is a little bit faster and they're already on standby anyway.

[01:19:43]There's a whole freaking aircraft carrier being diverted for this mission.

[01:19:46]So, you might as well lift the astronauts up by airplane. Why not?

[01:19:50]>> Astronaut at a time, picking them up from the porch and dropping them onto the deck [music] of a Navy ship waiting nearby. From there, they go straight down to the ship's medical bay for a full examination. All signs throughout the landing and recovery operation pointed to all four astronauts being in good health, but they will continue to be monitored out of an abundance of caution.

[01:20:13]A lot of astronauts get sick the week after they return. Um, especially the longer they stay up. These astronauts were here for a very short amount of time, but something about being in space wakes up any dormant viruses you have.

[01:20:26]Like if you had the chickenpox or whatnot and you go to space, it can actually reawaken in space because for some reason space conditions weaken your immune systems and make any like pathogens that much stronger. It's very strange. And um and then when you come back to Earth, your immune system stays weak for a while. So uh honestly, they probably should be quarantining the astronauts a little bit, but you know, it's it's it's totally fine. I I get it.

[01:20:52]They they understand the risk and they do have to do their media tours.

[01:20:56]>> Recovery operation pointed to all four astronauts being in good health, but they will continue to be monitored out of an abundance of caution. And that concludes the most important human spaceflight mission of the 21st century.

[01:21:10]The first crude moon mission in my lifetime, but certainly not the last. A proper beginning for a new space race and the era of human beings expanding civilization.

[01:21:19]>> Space race to the moon.

[01:21:21]>> Space race.

[01:21:22]>> Space race. I love the suggested video being how China will build a city on the moon. That's so funny.

[01:21:31]Um yeah, I I am excited. Uh, we'll probably see more of these launches coming up and with more people inside them. There's going to be all sorts of space stuff. Uh, I'll try to keep you guys posted as they happen. There's already a bunch of like new rocket test going on since the Aremis launches.

[01:21:46]Yeah. Yeah. Pretty pretty. We'll see.

[01:21:49]We'll see. I'm glad that the mission went successfully, though. I think I think if this mission failed and astronauts were harmed air during the mission, we'd probably set space flight back by like 20 years. Like, so I'm really glad that it did not [ __ ] up and the worst problems were a toilet and Microsoft. Yeah, an astronaut would feel strange when zero gravity for 10 days. I I don't feel like they'd remember. Yeah. At 10 days, I think they can acclimate back to Earth conditions pretty okay. But I think the I've seen the opposite where if you've been in space for like 6 months, you'll start forgetting things and like try to put your pen up in space and then like leave it floating there and then it then dropping it and having it fall. Yeah, for sure. For items. I They had a lot of fun while they were playing in space. I would I would just be so silly in space.

[01:22:44]I'd be playing with water, doing back flips and stuff. Mhm. I heard there were a few issues with the heat shield, like some inconsistencies.

[01:22:52]Okay, that was with the previous heat shield. This heat shield is um um it performed well enough. Uh but there were like some concerns because the last first Artemis, the first Armish mission, there's heat shield problems, like full-blown problems. And so they like try to improve the heat shield. And that's why this mission a lot of people are like critiquing the heat shield because they're like they they already know that it's a problem part. Um but thankfully everything worked out okay and I think it's been validated. So we'll see. So we might be able to see more of this heat shield in the future and hopefully doesn't continue to cause us problems. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah.

[01:23:32]Like those astronauts who got stuck for 9 months. That was crazy. Oh boy.

[01:23:37]Imagine planning for a 3-day trip to the ISS and then finding out that you're stuck there for 9 months. Oo, that's real. That's happened to some astronauts. Um, yeah. Yeah, the cosmic horror. Hopefully not too much horror.

[01:23:58]Uh, okay. Okay. I wanted to show you guys this one. I I like I like this video one. And then and then and then I thought this would be fun. I thought this would be a really good one to like follow up.

[01:24:16]>> Hold on. Hold on. Hold on. Hold on. I got it. I got it. I got it. I got it.

[01:24:20]This is a good follow-up video. I think you'll like it. I think you'll like this one. [clears throat] This is uh Chris Hatfield. I don't know if you know this guy, but this guy is a very famous astronaut. Like very exceptionally famous. He recorded a ton of videos and did a ton of stuff for um uh early science education during his time on the International Space Station. and he has like this whole yap about going into space. And also during space, he had a malfunction in his space suit while he was doing a spacew walk that that nearly oh could have killed him. Could have killed him, but he survived. And this is like him telling about his story about it and what it was like flying up into space.

[01:25:11]And I'm excited to hear what the new astronauts will say about it, but we won't get it for a while. Usually in tradition uh astronauts will release their own personal like detailed personal accounts like five or 10 years plus after their mission. And so it's time we're getting we're getting information from Chris Hatfield. So why not? So why not? We can watch this together.

[01:25:35]>> Or another way to say it is what's the most dangerous thing that you've ever done?

[01:25:41]>> And danger what's what's the most dangerous thing you've ever done? H.

[01:25:46]Most dangerous thing I have ever done.

[01:25:48]I'm not going to tell you, [laughter] but pretty dangerous.

[01:25:52]>> Why did you do it?

[01:25:56]>> I know what the most dangerous thing is that I've ever done because uh NASA does the math. You look back to the first five shuttle launches.

[01:26:03]>> Oh, they did the math of a catastrophic event during the first five shuttle launches was one in nine.

[01:26:11]>> That was acceptable.

[01:26:14]One in nine of chance of dying.

[01:26:18]Would you guys be an early astronaut with a one in nine death chance?

[01:26:24]I thought it was I thought it was like one out of a hundred. I didn't think it I didn't think it was like a full That's a That's a pretty high chance. Um I don't know. [laughter] Like, I want to be famous and cool as much as the next guy and see the Earth.

[01:26:42]But like, damn, those odds are really high. I hope they have good life insurance. Is this covered by life insurance? Do you think if I took a really large life insurance policy, they'd actually pay out? I hope so.

[01:26:54]Hell, the American government better pay me out.

[01:26:58]And even when I first flew on the shuttle back in 1995, 74 shuttle flight, the odds were still, now that we look back, about 1 in 38 or so. 135, one in 40.

[01:27:11]>> One around 1 in 35 to 1 in 40.

[01:27:17]What is that percentage number? Hold on.

[01:27:20]Hold on. What is that in percent? Um, quick maths. Quick mouse. Okay. 2.5%.

[01:27:30]Not bad. Not bad. Would we risk a Would I risk a 2.5%.

[01:27:36]Um, you know, I pressed the button to go see space. Um, be one of the first humans ever to see to go to the moon and all that stuff. 2.5%.

[01:27:48]I I'd I'd flip that that coin. I don't know if I'd flip the one in and nine coin, but I would flip the I'd flip the one out of 40.

[01:27:58]>> Uh, not great odds. So, it's a really interesting day when you wake up at the Kennedy Space Center and you're going to go to space that day >> cuz you realize by the end of the day you're either going to be floating effortlessly, gloriously in space or you'll be dead.

[01:28:12]>> Wow.

[01:28:13]Uh you go into at the Kennedy Space Center into the uh the suitup room, the same room that that our childhood heroes got dressed in, that Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin got suited in in to go ride the Apollo rocket to the moon. And I got my pressure suit built around me >> and uh rode down outside in the van heading out to the uh to the launch pad in the astro van heading out in the launch pad. And as you come around the corner at the Kennedy Space Center, it's normally pre-dawn and in the distance lit up by the the huge early on lights is your spaceship, >> the vehicle that is is going to take you off the planet. And the crew is is sitting in the astro van sort of hushed almost holding hands looking at that as it gets bigger and bigger. We ride the elevator up and we uh crawl in on your hands and knees into the space one at a time and you sort of worm your way up into your chair and plunk yourself down on your back.

[01:29:18]>> Okay. You still plunk yourself down on your back even today though. Uh I don't know if they crawl in, but I know they do get in. They're wearing diapers during it, too, because sometimes the uh launch time gets delayed and you have to go to the bathroom. Once you get inside the spacecraft, there's no, "Hey, I forgot something." or ooh, I need to take a poo poo. Like you you're there.

[01:29:40]You're there until you're off planet and back home on Earth. So I hope you got all your stuff done.

[01:29:48]And the hatch is closed.

[01:29:53]And suddenly what has been a lifetime of both dreams and denial is becoming real. something that I dreamed about in fact that I chose to do when I was 9 years old is now uh suddenly within not too many minutes of actually happening >> or he dies or he astronaut business >> the shuttle is a very complicated vehicle. It's the most complicated flying machine ever built and in the astronaut business we have a saying which is uh there is no problem so bad that you can't make it worse.

[01:30:27]>> That's a horrible saying. What?

[01:30:31]There's no problem so bad that you can't make it worse. Oh my. Oh, there.

[01:30:38][laughter] That's I don't know if I'm motivated by that. That's more of like don't [ __ ] up. Like do don't [ __ ] up.

[01:30:45]Okay.

[01:30:47]And and so you're very conscious in the cockpit. You're thinking about all [laughter] of the things that you might have to do, all the switches and all the wickets you have to go through. And as the time gets closer and closer, this excitement is building. And then about three and a half minutes before launch, the huge nozzles on the back like the size of big church bells swing back and forth and the mass of them is such and it sways the whole vehicle like like the vehicle's alive underneath you like like uh an elephant getting up out of off its knees or something. And then about 30 seconds before launch, the vehicle is completely alive. It is ready to go. The APUs are running. The computers are all self-contained. It's ready to leave the planet. And 15 seconds before launch, this happens.

[01:31:30]>> 12 11 10 9 >> Oh, these are the sparklers to burn off the extra helium gas. Also, this guy Chris Hadfield is running on the exact same rocket engines that were taken uh used in the Artemis 2 missions that we saw um from that we just saw. So, very exciting.

[01:31:52]And then they're getting nice start.

[01:31:54]>> And then okay, the the engines are going. The engines are fully going and now there's a space tower that's holding it down. So there's a metal tower that's just holding the spacecraft down. And so it's letting the engines like warm up.

[01:32:10]And the reason why the pad isn't melting is because there's a huge water pump that's pumping hundreds [snorts] of tons of water at the bottom. that's going to be immediately vaporized by the rocket jets. And and then as soon as we're ready to go, um the mechanical arms will let go and then just essentially the spacecraft will just go where the rockets are pointing.

[01:32:33]>> One mission and liftoff of the space shuttle discovery. Returning to the space station.

[01:32:41]Yeah. Yeah. Sure. Sure. Give me a second. I'll post it in chat right now.

[01:32:45]Here you go.

[01:32:50]Mission and liftoff of the space shuttle discovery. Returning to the space station.

[01:33:04]>> By the way, I if if you've been living under a rock, you may not know this, but this thing did blow up and kill people.

[01:33:11]This is not a uh most safe uh spaceship.

[01:33:17]Okay. It is one of the most complicated and had many faults. So, there are a lot of issues.

[01:33:28]>> It is incredibly powerful to be on board one of these things. I bet it's shaking in the grip of something that is vastly more powerful than yourself. It's shaking. Your whole world is being shaken. Focus on the instruments in front of you. It's like you're in the the jaws of some enormous dog and there's a a foot in the small of your back uh pushing you to space accelerating wildly straight up shouldering your way through the air and you're in a very complex place paying attention watching the vehicle go through each one of its wickets with a steadily in >> Oh, I would I would bald I would I would mold right here if this is the control room and I'm looking at the controls as I'm being shaken around like I'm on a roller coaster to death, like roller coaster to hell, and I have to focus on the screens and buttons as I'm being shaken around to make sure everything's okay. I damn I'd be [ __ ] myself. At least I'm wearing a diaper.

[01:34:26]>> Increasing smile on your face. After two minutes, those solid rockets explode off and then you just have the liquid engines, the hydrogen and oxygen. And it's as if you're in a dragster with your foot to the floor and accelerating like you've never accelerated. You get lighter and lighter. The force you are going faster than any human has, right?

[01:34:45]>> It feels like like someone's pouring cement on you or something until finally after about 8 minutes and 40 seconds or so, we are finally at exactly the right altitude, exactly the right speed, the right direction. The engine shut off and we're weightless and we're alive.

[01:35:04]>> Nice.

[01:35:04]>> It's an amazing experience. But why would we take that risk?

[01:35:08]>> Yes, sir.

[01:35:09]>> Why would you do something that dangerous? And in my case, the answer is fairly straightforward. I was inspired as a as a youngster that this is what I wanted to do. I watched the first people walk on the moon. And to me, it was just an obvious thing. I want to somehow turn myself into that.

[01:35:27]>> But the real question is, how do you deal >> with the danger of it and the fear that comes from it? How do you deal with fear versus danger?

[01:35:36]And having the goal in mind, thinking about where it might lead directed me to a life of of looking at all of the the small details to allow this to become possible to be able to launch and go help build a space station where you are on board a million pound creation that's going around the world at 5 miles a second, 8 km a second around the world 16 times a day with experiments on board that are teaching us uh what the substance of the universe is made of and running 200 00 experiments inside but maybe even more importantly allowing us to see the world in a way that is impossible uh through any other means to be that okay I don't know risking my life 2.5% chance of dying to get views like this but what are the odds of dying climbing Mount Everest I'm sure they're higher like I don't know that see seeing like views from outer space must be worth it >> be able to look down and have if your jaw could drop it, but the jaw >> that's worth. Wow. Worth. Can we talk about the Columbia disaster? I mean, you can a little bit. I like to try not to be a Debbie Downer, but it is a very real part of space history and has affected a lot of things. NASA has forever changed since then.

[01:36:52]>> Mhm. jaw-dropping gorgeousness of the the turning orb like a like a a self-propelled art gallery of fantastic constantly changing beauty that is the world itself. And you see a sunrise or a sunset every 45 minutes >> for half a year.

[01:37:13]And the most magnificent part of all that is to go outside on a spacew walk.

[01:37:19]You are in a oneperson spaceship.

[01:37:25]>> That is such a great description of spacuits. They're not really suits.

[01:37:31]They're oneperson spaceships because there's a bunch of complicated computer parts on board. There's a bunch of like sensors and life support systems, the oxygen generation, uh CO2 degassers and stuff like that. like it is a very um very fancy setup. Yeah, that's right. My spaceuit is uh equally pricey and cool.

[01:37:55]That is your spaceuit. And you're going through space with the world. It's an entirely different perspective. You're not looking up at the universe. You and the Earth are going through the universe together. And you're holding on with one hand looking at the world turn beside you. It's it's it's like roaring silently with with color and texture as it pours by just mesmerizingly next to you. And if this guy's a great public speaker and you look under your arm upsets down at the rest of everything, >> it's it's a >> not only is he super educated and brave for going on the trip, but he's also extremely well spoken >> texture you feel like you could stick your hand into. And you holding on with one hand, one link to the other. got to take some public speaking classes >> outside of my first space.

[01:38:40]>> I had to stop streaming. [sighs] You guys ruined my vocabulary.

[01:38:45]>> Oh yeah, this is when he went flying.

[01:38:46]>> And I didn't know why. Suddenly my left eye slam shut in great pain and and I couldn't figure out what why my eye wasn't working. I was thinking, what do I do next? I thought, well, maybe that's why we have two eyes. So, I kept working. But unfortunately, without gravity, uh tears don't fall. And so you just get a bigger and bigger ball of whatever that is mixed with your tears on your eye until eventually the ball becomes so big that the surface tension takes it across the bridge of your nose like a tiny [snorts] little waterfall and goes into your other eye. And now I was completely blind.

[01:39:20]>> And you can't it's not like you can you can um wipe it. What was it? I believe it was uh the liquid coolant inside the space suit was leaking inside his helmet. So you were drowning. Like there have been multiple instances of astronauts almost drowning in space because their space suits got their water cooling busted and water leaking inside the helmet and [laughter] Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Pretty uh pretty wild.

[01:39:50]>> Outside the spaceship.

[01:39:53]>> So what's the scariest thing you've ever done? [laughter] >> He's flexing. This guy. Maybe it's spiders. A lot of people are afraid of spiders. I think you should be afraid of spiders. Spiders are creepy and they got long hairy legs.

[01:40:07]>> This guy's this one. The uh the brown.

[01:40:10]>> He's just He's just You're like, "Oh, yeah, you're scared of spiders." Well, I'm scared of drowning in space. Okay.

[01:40:17]What do you What do you What do you got [laughter] on me? Okay. You know, I would flex like this, too.

[01:40:22]>> Recluse. I mean, it's horrible. If a brown recluse bites you, you end up one of these horrible big necrotic things on your leg. And there might be one right now sitting on the chair behind you in fact. And how do you know? And so a spider lands on you and you go through this great spasmy attack because spiders are scary. But then you could say, well, is there a brown recluse sitting on the chair beside me or not? I don't know.

[01:40:43]Are there brown recluses here? So if you actually do the research, you find out that in the world there are about 50,000 different types of spiders. And there are about dozen that are venomous out of 50,000. And if you're in Canada, because of the cold winters, here in BC, there's about 720, 730 different types of spiders. And there's one one that is venomous. And it's venom isn't even fatal. It's just kind of like a nasty sting. And that spider, not only that, but that spider is a great place to move. Beautiful markings on it. It's like, I'm dangerous. I got a big radiation symbol on my back. It's the black widow. So, if you're even slightly careful, you can avoid running into the one spider that it lives close to the ground. you you're walking along. You are never going to go through a spiderweb where a black widow bites you.

[01:41:27]Spider webs in the corners. And it's for black widow cuz it's the female spider eats the male. It doesn't care about you. So in fact, the next time you walk into a spiderweb, you don't need to panic. What is reaction? The danger is entirely different than the fear. And how do you get around it though? How do you change your behavior? Well, next time you see a spiderweb, have a good look. Make sure it's not a black widow spider and then walk into it. And then you see another spiderweb and walk into that one. It's just a little bit of fluffy stuff. It's not a big deal. And the spider that may come out is no more threat to you than a ladybug or or a >> Is he talking about exposure therapy?

[01:42:09]Like spider webs, you will have changed your fundamental human behavior.

[01:42:17]>> I mean, he's not wrong. If I if I told myself, hey, spiders are not scary. And I rationalize looking at local spider populations and be like, hey, I'll check the web to make sure that it's not a black widow, and if I know it's not a black widow, I'll walk through the spiderweb. Eventually, I will have fundamentally changed my fear from spiders. I mean, that's true. That's how that is how I've done other things in life.

[01:42:42]>> A caveman reaction. And >> you will now be able to walk in the park in the morning and not worry about that spiderweb or or into your grandma's attic or whatever into your own basement.

[01:42:56]And you can apply this to anything.

[01:42:59]If you're outside on a space, >> leave their homes alone.

[01:43:02]>> Oh, true.

[01:43:04]Panic. I think it would make you nervous and and worried. But we had considered all the venom and we had practiced with a whole variety of different spiderw webs. We knew everything there is to know about the space suit and we trained underwater thousands of times. And we don't just practice things going right.

[01:43:20]We practice things going wrong all the time. This is good practice. Good practice is practicing when things go wrong and when things go right so that you know how to handle yourself in all sorts of situations. So good that they that the people who made the training curriculum and ensuring the safety of the astronauts did prepare them for this.

[01:43:42]But I wonder did were they prepared to drown in space? Like is that a protocol so that you are constantly walking through those spiderw webs and not just underwater but also in virtual reality labs with the helmet and the gloves. So you feel like it's realistic. So when you finally actually get outside on a spacew walk, it feels much different than it would if you just went out first time. And even if you're blinded, your natural panicky reaction doesn't happen.

[01:44:09]Instead, you kind of look around and go, "Okay, I can't see." But I can hear, I can talk. Scott Perisinski's out here with me. He could come over and help me.

[01:44:17]We actually practiced uh incapacitated crew rescue. So, he could float me like a blimp and stuff me into the airlock if we had to. I could find my own way back.

[01:44:28]>> It's not nearly as big a deal. And actually, if you keep on crying for a while, whatever that guck was that's in your eyes starts to dilute. You can start to see again. And Houston, if you negotiate with them, they will let you then keep working. And uh we finished everything on the spacew walk. And when we came back inside, Jeff got some cotton batten and took the crusty stuff around my eyes. And it turned out it was just the antifog, sort of a mixture of oil and soap that got in my eye. And uh >> now we use Johnson's No More Tears, which we probably should have been using right from the very beginning.

[01:45:01]>> But >> okay, I he was not the one with the coolant to leak into his spacuit. There was another astronaut who actually had um one of their like water cooling things to flood inside this helmet. In this case, I think it was just um some gunk that got into his eye and started getting him to cry and then that like blinded him completely.

[01:45:23]But the key to that is by looking at the difference between perceived danger and actual danger. Where's the real risk?

[01:45:30]What is the real thing that you should be afraid of? Not just a generic fear of bad things happening. You can fundamentally change your reaction to things so that it allows you to go places and see things and do things that otherwise would be completely denied to you. Where you can see the the hard pan south of the Sahara. Or you can see New York City in a way that is almost dreamlike. Or the unconscious gingham of uh Eastern Europe fields or the Great Lakes as a collection of small puddles.

[01:46:01]You can see the fault lines of San Francisco and the way the water pours out under the bridge just entirely different than any other way that you could have if you had not found a way to conquer your fear. You see a beauty that otherwise never would have happened.

[01:46:16]This is a fear motivational speech.

[01:46:20]>> I see.

[01:46:20]>> It's time to come home at the end. This is our spaceship, the Soyuse, that little one. Three of us climb in and then this spaceship detaches from the station and falls into the atmosphere.

[01:46:29]These two parts here actually melt. We jettison them and they burn up in the atmosphere. The only part that survives is the little bullet that we're riding in and it falls into the atmosphere and in essence you are riding a meteorite home. And riding meteorites is scary.

[01:46:46]>> Oh, this this is the scariest part, by the way. I know the there's two scary parts with space travel. The first is fueling an initial rocket takeoff and the second is landing. Uh those are the two riskiest parts for any space flight.

[01:47:05]And I would say landing is actually significantly riskier. So even after you've had all those sites, all those like amazing things, conquering your fears in space, you still have to conquer your fears to get back on Earth.

[01:47:19]>> And it ought to be.

[01:47:20]>> They talk about the Soyuse and Dr. Stone. Oh man, I love Dr. Stone so much.

[01:47:24]I've been watching the new season. I love it. Ah, favorite anime. Well, I don't know if it's favorite, but it's definitely top top three for sure. But instead of riding into the atmosphere just screaming like you would if suddenly you found yourself riding a meteorite back to Earth instead 20 years previously we had started studying Russian and then once you learned Russian then we uh learned uh orbital mechanics in Russian and then we learned vehicle control theory.

[01:47:55]>> He's fluent in Russian.

[01:47:58]What?

[01:48:00]Today I learned Today I learned that astronauts learn orbital mechanics or I guess back in the day they learned orbital mechanics in Russian.

[01:48:08]>> And then we got into the simulator and practiced over and over and over again.

[01:48:13]And in fact, you can fly this meteorite and steer it and land in about a 15 km circle anywhere on the earth. So in fact, when our crew was coming back into the atmosphere inside the Soyos, we weren't screaming, we were laughing. It was fun. and a great big parachute open.

[01:48:29]We knew that if it didn't open, there's a second parachute and it runs on a nice little clockwork mechanism. So, we came back, we came thundering back to Earth and this is what it looked like to land in a Soyuse in Kazakhstan >> and you can see one of those uh search and recovery helicopters once again. Uh that helicopter part of a dozen such Russian MI8 helicopters.

[01:48:51]>> Oo, that was a big that's a that was a big touchdown. 3:14 and 48 seconds.

[01:48:58]>> They uh I don't feel I I feel bad that they touched down on ground. I would have much rather they touched down in in the water, but okay.

[01:49:07]>> Central time and you roll to a stop as if someone threw your spaceship at the ground and it tumbles end over end. But you're ready.

[01:49:13]>> Hi, I'm new here. You roll to a stop.

[01:49:17]That's awful. What do you mean? You're in that little tin can looking thing like this thing and you land and get thrown [laughter] around.

[01:49:30]Oh my. Yeah, I I think the Artemis landing looks like downright dandy in comparison.

[01:49:41]Oh, thank thank you Uncle Bill. Yes, many of the ISS era astronauts had to learn Russian because it was required for anything that launched from the Soyos. uh mainly because you have to communicate with uh Russian cosminauts and a lot of their equipment and also in this case you're landing very close to Russia >> tumbles end over end but you're ready for it you're in a custo you know how the shock absorber works and then eventually the Russians reach in drag you out plump you into a chair >> and you can now look [laughter] >> what they're in an open field there's still wearing their suits, probably [ __ ] themselves inside the suits and they're sitting on lawn chairs with little blankies and they're doing vitals while people are investigating the spacecraft behind them. This is a metal photo. Holy moly. I would put I This is my new LinkedIn profile pick. I' I'd [laughter] be like, "Yep, this is my LinkedIn profile pick right here is me wearing an astronaut suit in Kazakhstan being checked on by doctors right after landing."

[01:50:50]>> Look back at what was an incredible experience.

[01:50:55]You have taken the dream.

[01:50:58]>> This guy's flexing. Wow. Okay. Okay. I mean I mean after all of that, I guess you deserve it. I guess. themes of that 9-year-old boy, which were impossible and dauntingly scary, dauntingly terrifying, and put them into practice and figured out a way to reprogram yourself to change your primal fear so that it allowed you to come back with a set of experiences and a level of inspiration for other people that never could have been possible otherwise.

[01:51:35]just to finish.

[01:51:36]>> Nice.

[01:51:37]>> Uh they asked me to uh to play that guitar. Uh I >> did anyone else's stream stop? Wait, hold on for a second. Did you guys uh are is YouTube okay? Is Is YouTube okay?

[01:51:52]Hold on. Hold on. Let me refresh here. I think YouTube is struggling.

[01:52:07]Oop.

[01:52:10]YouTube is down one second.

[01:52:16]Huh? Uhoh.

[01:52:19]Uhoh.

[01:52:21]Did I break YouTube somehow?

[01:52:25]Did I break YouTube?

[01:52:28]Did I break YouTube?

[01:52:32]Did I get bonked for content violation?

[01:52:35]Interesting.

[01:52:43]Hello.

[01:52:46]Beautiful black screens. Yes. Yes. I think it's back. Are you guys back?

[01:52:52]Hello. Hey. Hey. Welcome back. How though? I don't know. This should maybe because it's I Interesting. Interesting.

[01:53:03]Uh I checked this ahead of time. I thought it was okay to watch, but I guess not. Okay.

[01:53:11]H I think if you refresh it should be good. Uh, it's because I'm watching a video on stream. Yeah, I think so. But do you get banned by friend? Possibly. Possibly. YouTube might be upset that I'm watching a TED uh TED talk on stream. But it's a it's a 12-year-old TED talk and I check this ahead of time to make sure that it would be okay. I guess I got to be a little more careful about it. Maybe I have to pause more frequently. Unsure. Um, but I wanted to show this very end. This is probably the scariest part. So, I might get bonkked for this one, but I did really want to show this to you guys.

[01:53:56]Uh, this is the really cool bit. So, I'll play a little bit of it. I'll play just a bit.

[01:54:02]>> But it's also, I think, a reflection of the fact that we are not machines exploring the universe. We are people and we're taking uh that uh that ability to adapt.

[01:54:13]By the way, he took this guitar with him to the ISS to play it on on the ISS and he has a video recording of him playing this in space.

[01:54:25]>> Ability to understand and the ability to take our our own self-perception into a new place.

[01:54:34]>> Come on. Is that not cool?

[01:54:38]This is [music and singing] ground control.

[01:54:44][singing] >> That's so sweet, right? Come on.

[01:54:50][singing] [music] >> An astronaut singing ground crowd control to Major Tom.

[01:54:57][singing] >> Anyway, >> amazing. Yeah, that's this one.

[01:55:03][music and singing] Where am I?

[01:55:09]>> A last [singing] glimpse [music] of the world.

[01:55:16]Planet Earth is [singing and music] blue and there's so much left.

[01:55:23][music] Okay, I got bugged.

[01:55:37]>> [laughter] >> I KNEW [gasps] IT. I KNEW IT. [laughter] I GOT BUGGED.

[01:55:52]It's okay. It was worth it.

[01:56:05]Okay, let's see. How do I un How do I fix this? How do I fix this? Temporary blocked. More info. Can I undo it?

[01:56:20]The live stream might come back in like two minutes.

[01:56:29]Sorry.

[01:56:32][laughter] >> Bald.

[01:56:34]>> No, don't bald me. No, don't bald me.

[01:56:37]I'm trying my best. I'm trying my best.

[01:56:41]Uh, you just watched the live performance from the ISS live. What the That's so cool.

[01:56:47]Oh my goodness. Yeah, there there's a lot of um there's a there's a like I hate how cool the astronauts are. They piss me off. They piss me off by being too cool. I want I want less cool astronauts so that I feel better about myself. Clearly. Clearly. That's so magical. I'm I'm glad that I was able to show it.

[01:57:11]>> Hi. I'm new here.

[01:57:12]>> Here. Can I play this?

[01:57:18]>> Pe.

[01:57:26]Ah, I can play it while I'm waiting for uh YouTube to get back up.

[01:57:31]I see.

[01:57:35]Oh, okay. It's It's working. Just kidding. Just kidding. It's It's back.

[01:57:39]It's back. Hello. Hi, YouTube. You guys are up. What we saw was amazing. I'm glad.

[01:57:46]I'm glad.

[01:57:52]Hello. Oh, I'm on the other side. Hi.

[01:57:55]>> Hi. Hi.

[01:57:56]>> Can you hear me?

[01:58:09]>> Hi.

[01:58:11]>> Hello. Welcome back. Hi guys. Yay. You can hear me. Nice. Nice. How are you?

[01:58:18]How are you? I hope you enjoyed the little videos thing. Hm.

[01:58:22]Your space song by Lindo Ludo might be my favorite space Uranus song. Ooh, I'm not sure if I'm familiar. Maybe I'll listen to it after this. Hi, welcome back. Welcome back. It was nice and worth it. I I know I risk the bonk, but I know personally Chris Hadfield would be okay with me listening to it, and I thought it would be a worthwhile thing to share with you guys, even if I get bonked a little bit, you know? So, yeah.

[01:58:48]Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, I'm glad you were able to listen. Oh, this song is so sad.

[01:58:51]Major Tom is apparently choosing space over Earth. Oh, yeah. It's It's like um It's bittersweet. It's bittersweet. And that's okay. It's okay. I'm going to make you guys a little bit smaller. H I wonder if Carvin will sing that for us.

[01:59:08]I would love to. I would I would love to sing it for you guys. I'm um I am taking singing lessons and I'm trying my best.

[01:59:17]It probably won't be anytime soon, but I would love I would love to be able to sing for you. It would be it'd be really exciting. I can't play the guitar, though. I'd have to learn the guitar, too. Ah, so [laughter] your standards are too high. Not only do I need a graduate degree in physics, uh, be a literal like cutting edge scientist. You now want me to pick up the guitar and learn to sing at the same time? H, you you want me You want me to juggle it all? Huh? Huh? It's not enough to be VTuber extraordinaire. [laughter] Well, you can watch my journey then. You can watch me fumble and and learn. Okay.

[01:59:56][gasps] Dance, space monkey, dance. That's crazy. Mhm.

[02:00:01]Sometimes sacrifices must be made to be a dreamer. Okay, fine. Okay, fine. Okay, guys are too much.

[02:00:12][gasps] work ethic of a K-pop idol.

[02:00:19]Kind of true. Kind of true. Kind of true. Oh. Uh, actually, a big plan of mine is I'm going to revive the clip channel. So, I have like, for those of you who don't know, I do have a clip channel. Um, I I'll probably link it and make a YouTube post about it. Uh, and talk about it on the Discord a little bit later, but I'm trying to get a bunch of clips up. So, hopefully I can do like daily stream clips. Um, I think that'd be really fun to do. it just requires a lot of work. So hopefully I I can recruit some help because uh you guys were very supportive and so I have a little bit of funds that I can use to hire some editors to help me out and then and then maybe we can get some regular posting so that you guys can like see stream clips cuz I know a lot of you can't stay the entire stream.

[02:01:01]Some of you can't even make it because of the time zone differences. But uh hopefully stuff will be out there for you. Yeah. Yeah. Uh no singing teaser though. No no singing teaser. I won't sing until I'm perfect. I won't sing until I'm amazingly perfect. Okay.

[02:01:19]No, no, no. Please. No.

[02:01:27]This is ground control to Major Tom.

[02:01:41]Okay, I'm setting up a little music for us. Hold on. Hold on.

[02:01:50]Okay, YouTube should hear music now.

[02:01:52]Just a little bit. There we go. There we go. Ashes to Ashes by David Bowie would be a good song for you.

[02:02:00]I was asking some friends for song recommendations based on my voice, so I don't know. I don't know.

[02:02:05]>> [music] >> Um, we'll see. We'll see. It's like I I got a lot to learn, right? You won't blink on. Okay. I'll definitely get struck for blink on. Okay. Like, come on. Try not to bonk me too much. All right. Cut me some slack. Please.

[02:02:20]Please.

[02:02:22]Please. Not the alien stage.

[02:02:25]All right. Um, we still have some time.

[02:02:28]That was a good That was a good uh video to watch. [sighs] Do we want to do one more?

[02:02:34]Hm.

[02:02:36]Hm. What What other What other things do I have? Hey, Alien Stage. I I don't know. People do do Alien Stage reacts. I I wonder if they're like if you can if you can watch those. Unsure. Unsure. Uh covers are transformative, aren't they?

[02:02:51]They shouldn't bonk you. Uh I don't know. It's like a It's a gray area. It's definitely a gray area where it's like maybe you can, maybe you can't. Mhm.

[02:03:04]Oh, I have uh [laughter] I have one about um it's a it's a longer video. It's a 26-inute video about the new uh nuclear um not new, it's an old idea that has been brought back, which is the nuclear space travel where you use nukes to propel yourself forward. Uh and now apparently it's a very serious consideration. Um, yeah.

[02:03:37]Yes. We don't want Fred to bonk you.

[02:03:38]Thank you. Thank you for protecting me from Fred.

[02:03:42]Do we do this? Do we do this? I'm thinking. I'm thinking. You guys get this stuff live. So, a lot of it I'm figuring out myself.

[02:03:57]H.

[02:03:58]I'm thinking how I want to do this. I guess should we mix it up? We could do a different space video. You want to do a different space video? We could do another uh a different a different science video. It doesn't have to be rockets. We just did a lot of rockets, you know.

[02:04:24]Let's see. I'm looking. I'm looking.

[02:04:28]Trying to see what we want to do. Can you do different science? Yeah, that's what I'm thinking. I'm thinking a different science would be a nice uh a nice mixup. We already did some space stuff. Is there any other fun science videos that I have? Let me look at my saved. I usually save a couple for you.

[02:04:47]I usually save a couple.

[02:04:51]Oh, bye. Fire. Take care.

[02:05:01]Ooh, you know what? I love uh Cleo Abrams. I wonder if they have like a nice uh a nice video.

[02:05:11][laughter] You guys want to do curling physics?

[02:05:17]Why? Why this Olympic sport bothers physicists?

[02:05:22]I'm a physicist. Am I going to be bothered? Am I going to be bothered? H curling physics. I know nothing about the curling physics. Maybe I'll be bothered. Maybe this will upset me.

[02:05:41]Uh this video is called Why This Olympic Sport Bothers Physicists. I am I'm a physicist. Aren't you a gym bro though?

[02:05:50]A little bit. I used to be. I used to be. Now I'm washed. Now I'm washed. Uh this is from Cleo Abrams. Uh I think they are a very good YouTuber. I will say though, I will Okay, this is my criticism about This is my criticism. I was I was looking into how really awesome science YouTubers like this get started. Okay. And I was like, how do you how do you afford to quit your job and like do really high quality YouTube videos like this and pay for editors and then like travel to all these places and get a a ton of like additional resources and um and cool people to meet. She like the Cleo did an interview with Mark Zuckerberg for like one of her first podcasts and I was like how's that possible, you know?

[02:06:39]her husband is a billionaire. I WAS LIKE, "AH, I SEE. I I see."

[02:06:49]So, um if any of you are billionaires and are thinking about um you would like a you'd like a male wife uh astronaut enthusiast who would travel around and make YouTube videos about science stuff like um I'm I'm just saying you have my business email. You can you can send me a you can send me a business email and and be like, "Hey, you I'll sponsor you.

[02:07:14][laughter] All right, it's time to attempt this."

[02:07:19]Um, I will say I I don't want to discredit her too much. She is a very good content creator. Like a probably one of the best. So, um, but I [clears throat] I would I try to feel a little bit better about myself because I'm like sometimes it takes a little bit of time to like build up the resources in order to do cool projects like this.

[02:07:35]like this one is is a very high quality edited video. So, I haven't seen all of it. I I've just seen like the first two what minute. So, let let's go watch the whole thing together. Yes. Yes. Okay.

[02:07:46]Will I be bothered? Will I be bothered?

[02:07:49]Boom. Boom. Boom. Boom. Boom. Boom.

[02:07:50]Boom. Let's find out. Let's find out.

[02:07:54][music] >> I'm about to take you to the Olympic trials with NBC and YouTube. Every four years, people lose their minds over one Olympic sport. They're making fun of it.

[02:08:05]And I find that so frustrating because the more I learned about this sport, the more obsessed I got. And I realized that >> she's a fan. Okay.

[02:08:13]>> These people making fun. They're getting this totally wrong. The sport I'm talking about is >> curling.

[02:08:23]>> It turns [music] out that curling is the most fascinating Olympic sport by far.

[02:08:27]The deeper I easier this got. That's a huge special. They all have to come from one tiny island to a tech doping scandal nobody wants to talk about. It's a game >> broomgate.

[02:08:42]There's a Okay. Wow. This [ __ ] goes deep.

[02:08:45]>> With strategy so complicated it's called chess on ice.

[02:08:49]>> Wow.

[02:08:50]>> And a physics mystery that's gone unsolved for over a century that might one day help us build robots for space.

[02:08:59]>> And that's just the start. Trust me.

[02:09:01]Okay, I'm hooked. Okay, I'm hooked about curling.

[02:09:04]>> Tell me.

[02:09:05]>> I'm going to take you onto the ice to show you what everyone's missing and why >> is the Olympic sport that you should be watching.

[02:09:13]>> Let's go.

[02:09:17][music] >> I'm exhausted already.

[02:09:24]Want some popcorn?

[02:09:25]>> Going to turn you down a little bit.

[02:09:27]There we go.

[02:09:32]I'm standing on the ice at the US Olympic and Parolympic curling trials.

[02:09:37]>> She got to go to the Olympics.

[02:09:39]>> Imagine you're an Olympic curler. This is your field of play. At each end, there's a bullseye called the house. And right in the middle is the button, and the goal is to get this stone as close to that button as you can.

[02:09:49]>> These are also party games, right?

[02:09:51]There's also party games where you have like little sand beads that you push a disc towards. I didn't realize that this is like uh curling. I I guess you have your own little mop and you're like melting the ice ahead of it and reducing the friction to to steer it.

[02:10:07]>> You start here.

[02:10:08]>> It's called cornhole. Oh, >> you need to release the stone before you reach here. That's called the hog line.

[02:10:13]And this is super important. When you throw the stone, you add a slight spin, sending it on a curved trajectory.

[02:10:20]That's what puts the curl in curling.

[02:10:21]And after you throw, your teammates sweep with these brooms in front of you to help get it to the right place. On a team of four, everybody throws two.

[02:10:29]>> Maybe maybe you don't have to curl.

[02:10:31]Maybe curling is just like a gyroscopic effect. Like if I were to try to do this uh spinning this will make the um make the curler curling thing be a little more stable. So maybe that's why they do it. Or maybe it's specified by the rules. I don't know.

[02:10:48]>> In front of the stone to help get it to the right place. On a team of four, everybody throws two stones for a total of 16 stones. Everyone throws the team with the stone closest to the button.

[02:10:57]>> Everyone throws.

[02:10:58]>> If you win, you get a point. And then your winning team also gets extra points for every stone closer to the button than the losing team. If you lose the round, no points for you. And after 10 rounds or ends, the team with the most points wins. As a player, you're trusted to tally your own points and even call your own fowls, even in the Olympics.

[02:11:16]It's why curling is called the gentleman's sport. But it goes You mean you tally and call your own points and fowls? How? How do people not cheat? How do people not cheat in this thing? All right. That's too much faith to put in humanity for me. All right.

[02:11:33]Honor system, I guess. Okay.

[02:11:35]>> Goes even further than that. You always shake hands with the other team. You must compliment each other's shots. I'm serious. It's amazing. And at the end, >> winners buy beers.

[02:11:47]What is this sport? I'm I'm down.

[02:11:51][laughter] I suck at it. So, I'm going to get beer all day. Hello. Hey yo, new new Carbonaut hobby. I guess it requires gravity though, so I don't know. Maybe we'll have limited success.

[02:12:06]>> The teams meet up and the winners always buy the first round of beers. You can already see why I fell in love with this sport. And I'm just getting started.

[02:12:12]Wait till you hear about the stone and the rooms because they are so much more fascinating than they look.

[02:12:18]>> Are they specialized?

[02:12:20]>> How [music] so?

[02:12:21]>> Look at this thing. Almost 20 kg of granite. Every single Olympic curling stone is made by one little Scottish company that's been making curling stones for over 170 years. And they monopoly to be quarried from this island right here, which is special because of its very unique chemistry.

[02:12:40]There's a there's a curling stone monopoly. All right.

[02:12:45]>> 60 million years ago, deep underground, an eruption released magma that never reached the surface, creating what's known as a [music] granite plug. That magma cooled, and over millions of years, the surrounding land eroded away, leaving behind the island that we see today.

[02:13:00]>> It's a magma island.

[02:13:01]>> But the weird thing about Elsa Craig is its chemical composition. Specifically, it's very low in aluminum, which led to uncommon minerals appearing in the granite. And that, likely paired with the rate that it cooled, resulted in a very fine textured stone with a very tight molecular structure, which makes the stones super water and crack resistant. [music] That's also why a single stone can cost over $600.

[02:13:26]>> Okay, I I don't know if we can afford curling anymore.

[02:13:31]Also, Sundrop, hello. Welcome in. Thank you for the follow. Welcome to the space station. We're currently learning about curling irons. We were doing a bunch of space physics before and we're taking a break um watching a video about how this Olympic sport bothers physicists. And currently I am bothered.

[02:13:47]>> Currently I am bothered by the price of this curling stone.

[02:13:51]>> And a full set of 16 can cost 9,600.

[02:13:55]And the bottom of each stone is a VTuber bottle. It's concave with a textured ring.

[02:13:59]>> That's the only part of the rock that's actually ever touching the ice. It's called a running band. So, these stones are designed to glide perfectly, but you still have to throw it. And I can hear what you're thinking.

[02:14:12]>> How hard can that really be?

[02:14:14]>> Yeah, it's on ice, right?

[02:14:17]>> Exactly.

[02:14:20]>> That was good.

[02:14:21]>> Oh my god, that's so hard.

[02:14:24]>> Nope. Nope. Nope. Nope. Nope.

[02:14:25]>> What? Is she trying to throw it?

[02:14:27]>> But being able to slide and release the stone was just the start. You also got to add that Oh, she's trying to slide forward and then stop sliding and let the stone go and then it's supposed to continue.

[02:14:38]>> Pearl, there's so many things to think about right now.

[02:14:40]>> Yeah.

[02:14:41]>> Okay.

[02:14:41]>> And I'm just trying to throw it. I'm not even considering exactly where it should land.

[02:14:48]>> The goal of every shot isn't just to get it as close to the button as possible.

[02:14:52]There's a lot of strategy involved. If a stone cleanly makes it to the house, that's a draw and it means they're looking to score points. If a stone knocks another out of play, that's a take out. It's an offensive play to prevent >> You can knock each other's curling stones. Oh. Oh. Oh, this is aggressive.

[02:15:11]So, even if you get yours right in the center, someone can just like slam into it and immediately claim the center position and kick yours out. I see.

[02:15:22]Okay, I understand why this is like the chess of ice. Okay, I get it. prevent the other team from scoring or to get them out of the way. And if a stone stops just short of the house, that's a guard. It's to protect another wellplaced stone. It gets >> Oh, so you you have like a good spot from one of your teammates and then another teammate will block your good shot with their bad shot. Oh.

[02:15:49]Oh, this is messy. This is this is this is this is too complicated. There's too much strategy here. Oh, and there's so many shots, too. And it's two shots per player. And then like the turn order, it's okay. Okay.

[02:16:00]>> And stops just short of the house.

[02:16:02]That's a guard. It's to protect another wellplaced stuff. It gets complicated.

[02:16:06]And this is why curling is sometimes called chess on ice.

[02:16:08]>> Got to be f close.

[02:16:10]>> 1 2 three.

[02:16:11]>> THAT'S AMAZING SHOT.

[02:16:13]>> OH, WHAT A SHOT. The best shot I've ever seen in my life.

[02:16:16]>> And all this strategy is planned and led by the team's captain, the skip. And how do you know which one's the skip?

[02:16:24]He's the one that's yelling his head off [music] at us. So the skip, what he's doing is he's giving us all the strategy at [music] the other end and he's giving us a target to throw at.

[02:16:34]>> There you go. Is that a good one?

[02:16:35]>> I see. So there's a there's like a coach essentially that's yelling at them. So the the actual curlers themselves aren't thinking. They are just but pawns on the board. And there's some uh someone who is organizing the general strategy and is being like freaking throw up a guard right now.

[02:16:55]You're you're GOING TOO FAR. SLOW DOWN.

[02:16:57]Slow down. [laughter] I see. I see.

[02:17:02]Yeah. I'm looking forward to the broom explanation.

[02:17:04]>> Chance that's getting all the way down.

[02:17:05]Someone would have to sweep it.

[02:17:09][music] >> How do they not think? I don't I guess they're just focused on aiming, right?

[02:17:13]>> To watch. It looks a little funny. When YouTube asked what sport I wanted to focus on for this Olympics partnership, I immediately said curling because look at it. But this is actually very unique.

[02:17:25]This is the only Olympic sport where [music] players can manipulate the game object after it's thrown. The goal of sweeping is to get the stone to go where you want, but they do that by changing the ice because this isn't like any other ice you've ever seen. Get down with me here and look at this ice smooth. You see those bumps? That's intentional. This ice is totally different from ice for [clears throat] ice hockey or figure skating.

[02:17:49]>> They're professional ice. The ice is different.

[02:17:52]>> Spray purified water, let it freeze, and then shave it down to get this very specific texture.

[02:17:57]>> It's >> What was that spraying technique?

[02:18:01]>> It's called pebbling. If you try to slide a stone on flat ice.

[02:18:04]>> Intentional. This ice is totally I want to see that ice hockey or figure skating. They're professional ice technicians who >> What is this? Is this a professional ice technician spraying water in a way that droplets form and then they shave off the top?

[02:18:20]>> Spray purified water, let it freeze, and then shave it down to get this very specific texture.

[02:18:26]>> It's called pebbling.

[02:18:28]>> If you try to slide a stone on flat ice, it won't go very far. So, uh, the pebble gives it a smaller surface area to ride on. So, it'll go further and smoother.

[02:18:36]>> So, when curlers are and smoother surface area to ride on, >> I see there's less surface area interaction with the um with the curling stone. So, it will go further. We have the full little graph here. I Okay, >> go further and smoother.

[02:18:55]>> So, when curlers are sweeping, they're trying to change the ice to do one of two things. The first is make the stone go farther. All of this very aggressive sweeping slightly melts the pebbles on top of the ice, creating a thin layer of water for the stones to [music] slide over. And because stone on water has less friction than stone on ice, the stone slides farther and straighter, up to 3 m farther. But actually doing this is, I now know, really hard. First, you have to keep up with the stone.

[02:19:27]>> Here you go. Oh, so you don't want to throw it too fast.

[02:19:30]>> You have to put like all of your weight onto the broom >> cuz you wanted to get it to [music] a point where and we don't have to try this on the ice, but where you can actually like >> like stand >> and then you have to move back and forth. So fast.

[02:19:41]>> This is an Olympic sport.

[02:19:42]>> Ice.

[02:19:43]>> Oh, you do have to be fit for this.

[02:19:45]>> And the thing is they're not just melting the ice.

[02:19:49]>> You're actually kind of putting like divots into the ice.

[02:19:52]>> Super tiny scratches that can influence how the stone curls. And it only takes one person to make a big difference.

[02:19:59]Sweeping with the curl of the stone will make it curl more, while sweeping the other way will make it curl less. Watch the Olympics. If you see two people sweeping, that's probably because they're trying to make it go farther.

[02:20:10]And if you see one person sweeping, it's probably because they're trying to influence the direction.

[02:20:14]>> So sweeping matters, which means the brooms that they sweep with matter a [music] lot, too. So much so that in 2015, this broom started a massive scandal. It's just simply not fair.

[02:20:26]Dramatically changing the game.

[02:20:28]>> Is it a better broom?

[02:20:30]>> This is one sports >> performance enhancing brooms.

[02:20:35]>> Okay. I love I love sports and like the intersection between sports and the science nerdy stuff because you always get weird shenanigans like this like someone makes a better broom or just like in skiing when someone made fluoride coated wax to make your skis go further or or running where they have like metal uh pads that go inside your shoes to make you run further. This is [laughter] okay. How so? How do they hack brooms?

[02:21:04]Can you have performance-enhancing brooms?

[02:21:06]>> Controversy. You can't just sweep under the rug.

[02:21:08]>> During the 2015 curling season, a certain broom got really popular. The Hardline ice pad. It had a waterproof head with a directional fabric. Players said it was the most effective broom on the market. Some said too effective.

[02:21:22]>> Brooms continue to be a percolating controversy here at the Masters.

[02:21:26]>> So, many of the players agreed to turn the pad inside out [music] as a courtesy. Again, the gentleman's sport.

[02:21:32]But then another company released a more effective broom. The head of this broom was super coarse. Players started comparing these new brooms to joysticks and they hated it.

[02:21:43]>> It was like damaging the ice surface too much and you could literally [music] throw it horrible and your sweepers would make the shot for you, >> which is a problem because it threw >> They're complaining about aim assist. You know what this reminds me of? This is like the controller versus keyboard and mouse controversy for FPS shooter games. It's like how there's automatic aim assist for controller players when you're like playing video games and and keyboard and mouse players getting upset because like there's too much there's too much aim assist. It doesn't even feel like I'm playing the game anymore. I feel like auto [laughter] like um I feel like it's it's auto hacks like headshot hacks. And now these curlers are like, "Yeah, I don't like I don't like using this new uh new broom because it makes it too easy. It feels like I'm controlling the curling eye curling stone like a joystick." That is literally what the console versus PC players say.

[02:22:48][laughter] Okay. Sounds like the F1. He's cheating because he made a technological advancement. I okay I will say there's so there's a point where too much technological advancement ruins the fun of the game right if it's so if it's true that the uh if the if it's true that throwing the stone no longer matters if you have a good enough broom then I think that makes the sport worse and you should ban these new uh technologically improved brooms because it it's going to make for worse viewing and and less skill for the players. So, there is like a balance that you have to have. It's why in F1 driving they don't have autopilot. Like having a computerized um like a computerized system that automatically determines the best uh driving path and then implementing it that would for sure beat out humans, but it's not interesting anymore. Then it kind of takes away from the sport. So, there's like I I get it.

[02:23:53]I I think you do need to put a limit, but [laughter] I will say for like a season or two, you should be able to reap rewards. Like, sure, I guess you figured it out. Sure, you can win. Sure.

[02:24:05]Uh, also, Cloudycat, thank you for the follow. Welcome into the space station.

[02:24:08]Hello. Hello.

[02:24:09]>> Of course, players started comparing these new brooms to joysticks, and they hated it. It [music] was like damaging the ice surface too much and you could literally throw it horrible and your sweepers would make the shot for you, >> which is a problem because it threw off the balance of the game. [music] Sweeping is the first miss the shot, not steer the stone entirely >> and it essentially took like the shooting skill out of the game.

[02:24:33]>> It caused such a huge controversy that 22 teams signed an agreement not to use these directional fabrics.

[02:24:42]I guess it really is the gentleman's sport. I can't imagine any other sport where people just all agree not to use an advantage because it makes the sport worse. Like, could you imagine that happening in basketball like or in football where all the players agree not to use certain like shoes because it makes them have an advantage? Hell no.

[02:25:05]Everyone would immediately switch to those shoes, right? But I guess for curling they're like, "No, we must we must protect the sport."

[02:25:14]>> Even though there were no rules about the heads of brooms at the time, they just agreed that it wasn't sportsmanly.

[02:25:20]But in under a year, the World Curling Federation stepped [music] in, testing over 50 types of brooms and creating the first set of regulations that made these brooms illegal.

[02:25:28]>> They put you in jail right away.

[02:25:30]>> Sweeping out [laughter] should make a good shot great.

[02:25:32]>> I mean, shot good, but it shouldn't take a bad throw and make it good. This is our current version that we have now.

[02:25:39]So, the handle is carbon fiber and then inside of this is is basically just a piece of foam and a couple pieces of plastic. And every single broom head that we use in like competitive curling is all coming from this same yellow fabric.

[02:25:51]>> And the balance throwing was restored.

[02:25:54]But hold on a minute. Did you see that?

[02:25:56]Something weird just happened there.

[02:25:58]Play that back.

[02:26:00]>> You see that? The stone curls in the same direction that it spins. That's weird. Typically, if you take an object like this and move it forward Oh, it is.

[02:26:10]>> If you spin it one direction, it'll move the other direction.

[02:26:16]>> You see that? That's because of friction. So, as the glass moves forward, it's trying to tip. So, there's a little bit of added weight there. And more weight means more friction. So, the front of the object is slowed down by that force. And the back keeps moving.

[02:26:30]So, the object follows the path of least resistance and curls in the opposite direction. This is normal, expected, and easily explained by physics. Curling stones do the opposite. They curl in the same direction that they spin. And that is challenging our understanding of physics and how things move. We have been asking why this way for a hundred years.

[02:26:55]>> That's bothering me now. Okay, now I'm bothered. Now, now I'm upset.

[02:26:59]>> A new addition to the Olympics.

[02:27:00]>> I don't have an explanation for that.

[02:27:02]most Olympic sport and I will die on this pebbled ice.

[02:27:06]>> She really loves curling.

[02:27:08]>> Sorry. It was part of the very first winter Olympics in 1924 where they used, you guessed it, stones from that same island. It's possible that curling is one of the oldest team sports in the world. This was even recovered [laughter] from a Scottish ball with the date 1511, which means that Dainci could have met up with his curling league after painting the Mona Lisa theoretically. But still, that's pretty awesome. We can't figure out this freaking curling mystery. And it's not just about theories. It's about understanding how surfaces interact.

[02:27:43]This is the science of rubbing, also called trivology. And it's one of underrated fields of science. Rubbing is a big part of our everyday lives.

[02:27:53]And within that field, the crowing is legendary. Partly because it's a good mystery and also because the physics of ice rubbing against things applies to a lot of important stuff. Big things like predicting how huge ice glaciers are going to slide.

[02:28:08]>> It's definitely due to the fact that in your daily life and it's a phase change.

[02:28:12]It's definitely the melting. Something about it.

[02:28:14]>> And my favorite example, finding alien life. Seriously, because right now NASA and other space agencies are actively planning missions to these two moons that are covered with thick ice [music] with liquid oceans underneath and are the most likely places in our >> hypothetical liquid oceans. Okay, we think they're liquid. We are not sure yet.

[02:28:36]>> Solar system to find alien life. But to get into those oceans, we need to build robots that could drill or melt into nearly 30 km of ice. So, we really need to know how the spinning robot would interact with the [music] ice next to it, which is the same physics problem as in curling. I'm not saying that we need to solve the mystery of curling in order to find aliens, but it's all connected.

[02:29:01]And big >> I mean, it's true. It's connected. I think um for NASA's case where they're drilling, the drilling doesn't directly apply to curling, but it would help. It would help if we solve this like curling problem. I think it's something to do with the how it interacts with a liquid.

[02:29:15]Like two solids interacting uh surface friction should dictate that it moves in the opposite direction. But I think it's something about changing into water that causes this whole thing.

[02:29:28]>> When something happens in a way that we [music] don't expect, it's really important not just for this sport, but for science to ask why. So here are the top three guesses.

[02:29:40]>> Top three guesses.

[02:29:42]Scientists figured out that if objects like the glass curl the way that they do because of more friction at the front, then something must be causing more friction at the back of a curling stone.

[02:29:50]So maybe it melts the ice at the front which reduces the friction there. And since there's more friction at the back, it curls with the rotation. A very tidy theory that was to totally wrong. Later studies found that the rotation was too slow to cause such a dramatic curl. So never mind. Next theory. This one is very convincing. This theory suggests that as the stone moves forward, that rough texture on the bottom creates microscopic angular scratches on the pebbled ice. And we know from broomgate that deep scratches can affect direction. So if the stone is rotating clockwise, the front edge would create scratches that would angle to the right.

[02:30:26]So when the back of the stone reaches those divots, it has to kind of hop over them, pushing it sideways in the direction of I don't think so. I'm not a fan of this theory because I don't think the scratches are deep enough. I think they're very small microscopic scratches. And to see such a big macro effect, I don't know. I I'm dubious on this one. I'm not a fan of it.

[02:30:49]>> Rotation. Here's a closeup of a pebble on the ice showing that the curling stone definitely does make microscopic scratches.

[02:30:58]>> Okay, I may be I may be incorrect.

[02:31:04]I there's there's scratches in a microscopic image. H I I mean is it enough to affect it though?

[02:31:15]I you know what would you know what you could you could easily test this, right?

[02:31:18]Could you not just throw a straight curling stone afterwards on top of this and see if it moves into the direction of the rotation? I don't know.

[02:31:28]>> Except when another scientist ran another study, it didn't work. They said that the scratches were too small to make a difference on their own. Okay.

[02:31:35]So, final theory. This one is easy.

[02:31:37]>> Okay. Okay. Disproven. Doing science things. All right. Uh science disproving theories. Annoying, but how things work.

[02:31:48]>> To understand with a cone. If you run your finger along these, you see how they bend and snap back? Researchers think that that's what's happening with the ice under a curling stone. So, as the curling stone moves across the pebbles, it sticks to them for just a moment, which pulls like the tines of the comb. And this sticking and snapping causes it to pivot and slide forward over and over. But all of these things are happening at such a small scale under a moving rock. Researchers in Japan ran a very comprehensive study testing these theories and they found that both are plausible. One thing is clear, curling is a game of millimeters.

[02:32:26]Tiny microscopic things are at play here. But for curlers, >> oh the physics, uh, in the moment, we do not think about the physics at [laughter] all.

[02:32:35]>> After all of this, >> I I see. So, it's definitely a microscopic thing that is compounding into a larger spin. And curlers just play by feel.

[02:32:47]That sounds about right.

[02:32:48]>> I'm trying to put my finger on why it frustrates me. so much [music] when people make fun of curling. And I think I figured it out. Curling is one of the best examples I've ever seen of why it's so important to be interested in the world and the people around you.

[02:33:05]>> This feels like own little microcosmic.

[02:33:09]It's so limiting. You only see her on the surface. But if you're curious enough to dig a little bit deeper, >> I agree. I think it's lame to make fun of stuff. might seem a little strange is actually the most >> I mean I'm a freaking anime man, right?

[02:33:24]People think I'm a loser >> and I I love it.

[02:33:28]>> Yeah.

[02:33:31]Thank you. Thank you, Chloe. That was a good video. Very well made.

[02:33:35]>> I liked it a lot. I liked it a lot. That was good. That was good. Thank you, light. Okay.

[02:33:42]I I It It was a good one. It made me I learned a lot about curling. Curling. I did not expect to know that much or see a sport that deep. And they're way more gentle gentlemanly than I expected. Like way they they have way too much faith in one another. Crazy.

[02:34:03]>> That was a fun video. I'm glad I watched it.

[02:34:12]Hereump.

[02:34:16]There we go. And then we can go back to the [music] space station.

[02:34:24]Wait, that's the wrong screen. That's the wrong screen.

[02:34:30]It's this one. Hello. Hi. Hello. Oh my goodness. YouTube chat, let me fix you.

[02:34:35]Let me fix you. Your displays are off today. Don't know why, but here we go.

[02:34:40]Oh, welcome in Jeremiah. Hi. Hello.

[02:34:42]Hello. The Hail Mary vid is in interesting. I have a confession.

[02:34:47]I have yet to see Project HAIL MARY.

[02:34:52]I'M a fake space fan.

[02:34:56]At this point, I might as well wait for it to come out to streaming and watch it at home with you guys. Maybe I'll watch it for the first time together with you.

[02:35:04]Okay. Dang, it's been a while.

[02:35:07]I know. I know.

[02:35:10]I know. Same. I haven't seen it. Maybe I'll do like a like a watch along. I think that'd be fun. Maybe. I think that'd be that'd be nice. It's okay. My sister watched it. She said she loved it. [music] A lot of people loved it. I think the ratings are very um very good for that for that movie. I I I really want to watch it. Okay. I'm trying to I'm trying to um Anda, thank you for the Thank you for the sub. Thank you. Thank you for the prime sub. I very much appreciate it. Thank you. Thank you.

[02:35:38]Mhm. It's a bit of a rush compared to the book. I mean, aren't they always, you know, stuff that's like compared to the book? There are like the books are always a they always zoom through compared to the longer form books, though. There are I also have to read.

[02:35:53]There's a lot of books I need to read.

[02:35:54]So much to catch up on. Mhm.

[02:36:00]Yeah. Yeah, that was fun. I'm glad that we took a little bit of video detour today. Normally we don't do sort of uh fun watch alongs like this. So it was nice to nice to mix it up. Now keep in mind uh next time I think having a single stream where we all watch the same science topic for the entire stream can be a little bit taxing. And now in the future I'm going to mix it up. I'm going to throw some curling iron video curling stone videos in the middle of my rocket physics videos cuz I think that'd be fun. So yeah, thank you for coming today. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. I read the book when it was new and I loved it.

[02:36:36]The movie was pretty awesome though. The hair curling sorry stone curling stones curling curling the sport the sport curling.

[02:36:45]Thank you always. Thank you. Thanks for coming. All right. All right. I will wrap up stream. Um I've been keeping streams relatively short nowadays because I want to do like a bunch of offline [music] stuff. Um, but hopefully if if I I'm gonna try three streams a week for the next like um maybe for the next like couple weeks, like maybe two or three weeks and see [music] how my schedule feels and we can add more streams if it if it if it works, you know. So trying to trying to trying to balance it, [music] you know, trying to trying to have a good good juggling act, so to speak. It works from my schedule, so that's okay. I know. I try I try to like schedule things ahead of time so that people know. Thank you. Thank you for coming. Bye-bye. Bye. Bye. Bye, Emma. Bye. Bye. Bye, Ashley. Hello.

[02:37:31]Okay. Okay. I'm going to say bye to YouTube first as as per usual. As per usual. All right. All right. Goodbye, YouTube. Goodbye. Thanks for stop coming. Thanks for coming. Bye.

[02:37:41]>> I appreciate it. Bye-bye. Hope you enjoy the videos. Uh, this stream is probably getting nuked because of because of Chris Hatfield singing, but that's okay.

[02:37:49]That's okay. [laughter] All right. Sleep well. You too. You too.

[02:37:54]See you later. Bye-bye. Bye-bye.