EXTRACTION OF IRON SIMPLIFIED || ECZ 2019 || WELL EXPLAINED || SCIENCE P2

[00:00:00]Hello, viewers. Welcome back again. So, let's revise extraction of iron.

[00:00:06]So, we are dealing with extraction of iron. So, let's just simplify and revise.

[00:00:11]Okay? But, with the same concepts being maintained. So, this question came in 2019.

[00:00:20]2019. So, this is the question. So, it is saying C1 Uh iron is extracted from its ore in a blast furnace. So, this is the extraction of what? Of iron. When we say extraction of iron, this is where you you need to begin from.

[00:00:38]When they say extraction they mean uh how do they get the pure metal from its ore?

[00:00:48]When they say the ore, it is the the native combination of the metal and impurities when it is just in the in the earth's crust. When it is underneath the earth the entire metal with all the impurities combined when they are when they just dig it, that's the what?

[00:01:10]The ore. And it is where now they get the what? They get the metal from.

[00:01:15]So, that is the ore. So, the process of of purifying this ore, removing all the impurities until the extent where now you can use iron.

[00:01:26]Or where you can use the metal. That is now the extraction what? Process. So, the extraction of iron is uh always being performed in this blast what?

[00:01:37]Blast furnace. So, it is this tower.

[00:01:40]Now, so if you take a look at the question, it is saying coke here at the top the arrow is showing that they are feeding they are putting in coke, eggs, and what? And wine. Then here we have waste gases and this side waste gas is going out. Here we have hot air, even here hot air coming in. Here we have molten slag going out and here molten iron coming out.

[00:02:10]This is the diagram. Now, let's let's let's look at the questions. So, the first question, the instruction is saying coke and materials X and Y are fed into the furnace. So, how many things are fed? Three things.

[00:02:24]We have coke, material X and Y.

[00:02:28]Then they say name the materials X and Y. Now, you need to understand that whenever you are dealing with extraction of iron, we always have these three things. So, this question is a must, you should expect it whenever they bring extraction of iron.

[00:02:43]The three components which are called the charge. So, the three things that are needed here firstly, you need coke. Okay? Then you need um the uh the ore of iron itself, which is hematite or mag- magnetite. Then lastly, you need calcium carbonate. So, three things that you need, you need coke, but coke is listed, so we'll start with X.

[00:03:11]This is our C1.

[00:03:14]So, we'll start with X. So, this X is you say iron ore.

[00:03:25]Iron ore.

[00:03:30]Okay?

[00:03:31]Iron ore.

[00:03:32]Now, the iron ore mainly is hematite. So, in brackets you can say hematite.

[00:03:43]We have hematite and magnetite, but this is the most common one. Hematite is iron iron three oxide.

[00:03:53]This is the O. So, this is the X. This is X the other substance which is being put here. Okay? The substance being put here X is iron O.

[00:04:05]Then we have Y.

[00:04:06]Y now is what? The other substance, the other material. So, the other thing is calcium what?

[00:04:13]carbonate or limestone. So, you can say limestone.

[00:04:20]limestone or calcium carbonate.

[00:04:31]So, that's it for this one.

[00:04:33]Then the other thing, so the chemical symbol for calcium carbonate is calcium carbonate.

[00:04:42]Yeah.

[00:04:43]So, these are the the other materials that they are feeding in. We have X and Y. hematite and what? Limestone. All right. We go to the next question now.

[00:04:54]So, the next question is saying, "What is the use of the waste gases?" So, if you take a look here, waste gases are what? Are moving out.

[00:05:03]But what is the the use?

[00:05:06]So, the use is This is our question.

[00:05:10]So, this was A. This is our B.

[00:05:13]The use of waste gases is to heat the incoming air.

[00:05:27]Yeah. To heat the incoming air. But what does this mean? So, air is also needed, okay? It is needed because we need air here, if you can see.

[00:05:41]Hot what? Hot air. So, when all the the the the air surrounding this this blast furnace gets heated by what? By these waste gases. Because you understand that the air that is needed here needs to be what? Needs to be hot.

[00:06:00]Now, how is it going to be achieved? How are we going to ensure that the water coming in is hot? That's the use of these waste gases because by the time they are moving out of here, the temperature is extremely high, very high. So, these gases are very hot.

[00:06:17]Okay? So, when they come in contact with the air surrounding here, you understand that this air will get heated and it will now uh being put into the what? Into the blast furnace as hot air. So, that's how that is achieved. So, it is to heat the what? The incoming air.

[00:06:38]Then the next question.

[00:06:40]C one. What is the reducing agent in the in the extraction? Okay? So, the reducing agent So, this is our C one.

[00:06:50]So, the reducing agent basically, it is that substance that is breaking down the other. Okay? When you have a big substance, a complex one, then you have another substance that is breaking down that big substance.

[00:07:04]The one that is doing that is what we call the reducing agent. Okay? So, that is in simple terms. So, in this case, the reducing agent is always I'm saying always for the extract for extraction of iron only.

[00:07:19]It is carbon monoxide.

[00:07:24]Carbon monoxide.

[00:07:29]This doesn't change. Okay? So, carbon monoxide is what?

[00:07:33]Is CO. Now, how is this possible?

[00:07:38]So, you understand it when uh when when we when when we deal with the with the next question. Because the next question is saying describe how the reducing agent is produced. So, we are saying the reducing agent agent is carbon monoxide, but how is it produced? That's the next question. So, the reducing agent, which is carbon monoxide, is always produced by combustion of what? Combustion of coke.

[00:08:08]So, this coke, you need to understand the other for coke is carbon. When they say coke, you need to understand that they are talking about carbon. So, uh this is C two. How is this carbon monoxide reducing agent produced? So, you simply say it is produced by combustion with oxygen.

[00:08:39]When you say combustion, you are simply saying the reaction involving what?

[00:08:43]Oxygen.

[00:08:45]That is be in basic terms. Combustion, it means uh the reaction involves what?

[00:08:51]Oxygen. It is reacting with oxygen. Or it is burning. That's the same term.

[00:08:55]When they say burning, just know that the reaction involves what? Oxygen.

[00:09:01]So, now we need to write some equations here so that you understand well how carbon monoxide is produced. So, the first thing that happens, so these are the equation that you need to know under this topic. The first thing that that that happens here, when these uh three substances, so these collectively are called charge. Okay?

[00:09:20]Charge. When the charge is fed in from the top part here, the first thing is coke, which reacts.

[00:09:29]So, coke will react with this incoming hot air. Because this hot air is oxygen.

[00:09:36]So, coke will react with this oxygen, which is the combustion of oxygen we are talking about here. So, coke will react with what? With oxygen. So, coke is what? Is carbon.

[00:09:46]So, coke, carbon plus oxygen it's going to form carbon dioxide. This is the first reaction that happens. The coke we fed in plus the oxygen from the hot air reacts to form carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide again further now reacts with what? With more coke. So, the next reaction now is this carbon dioxide being produced reacts with more coke, more carbon, to form what? To form carbon monoxide. And for us to balance this equation, we need the two here so that we have two carbons, two carbons, two oxygens, two oxygens. So, these are the the the equation. So, this is the reducing agent and this is how it's produced. I hope you understand that one also. So, that's it. Then the next question says, "What is the purpose of each of the following?" The purpose of these.

[00:10:45]Firstly, we have hot air and coke. What is the purpose of hot air? So, we start with hot air. This is question D.

[00:10:54]Hot air. So, the the purpose of hot air is to produce what? Oxygen, like I said.

[00:11:01]Because I said that this hot air is involving oxygen, which reacts now with what? With coke to produce the reducing agent.

[00:11:09]I hope you understand that. So, the the purpose of hot air is to do what?

[00:11:17]To produce oxygen.

[00:11:22]You can simply say this. But if you want to ensure that you get it right fully, then you explain why they we need this oxygen also? So, we need hot air to produce oxygen which reacts with coke. Like I explained, we need this oxygen. I mean this hot air to provide this oxygen to react with coke and form what? Carbon dioxide, which later on forms the reducing agent. Then, the other question, what is the purpose of each of the following? So, the second question is coke. The purpose of coke.

[00:12:00]Well, you understand that coke is the one which is producing the reducing agent.

[00:12:06]Yeah. If you If you follow the equation, this coke, after reacting with this with We have this. Then, this same coke reacts with more carbon dioxide to produce carbon monoxide. So, the second question, coke is used to do what? To produce the reducing agent.

[00:12:31]As simple as that. The last question now, show the balanced chemical the balanced equation in which iron is extracted from the ore. So, the balanced equation on in which iron is extracted from its ore.

[00:12:46]So, iron they are talking about is this.

[00:12:49]How this we How they extract iron from this hematite. So, you will say this same iron ore reacts with carbon monoxide. So, this is the final equation now.

[00:13:07]Reacts with carbon monoxide to form iron plus carbon dioxide. And we need to balance it. So, this is the reducing agent. It is the one which breaks down the core the iron core. Breaking Breaking it down so that this oxygen is removed and we remain with ore. and by that by this we thus do what? We thus extract our iron.

[00:13:36]All right. So, we need to balance it up.

[00:13:37]Here we have two irons. Here we have one.

[00:13:41]So, we need to put a two here. Here we have two, even here we have two.

[00:13:45]Here we have three oxygens plus this one, four.

[00:13:51]What about here? We have two. So, we need to put a two here so that it becomes two times two.

[00:13:56]Because this two affects everything. So, it becomes two times two, which is four oxygens even here.

[00:14:02]Okay? So, uh What about the What next? The carbon. So, here we have one, here we have two. So, no, this one will not work. So, what are we going to do here?

[00:14:19]So, what we'll do here we'll change this. This has to be three.

[00:14:28]Yeah, because see, if this becomes three, it means we have three carbons here, and oxygen becomes two times this three, which is six.

[00:14:37]So, here since this is three carbons, we'll put a three here so that even here we have three carbons. What about the oxygen?

[00:14:45]The oxygen will also become three.

[00:14:48]This is three plus this three. So, oxygen becomes six. So, if we were to count it, two irons, two irons. Oxygen three plus three becomes six. Here two times three it becomes six. Carbon three even here, three. So, this is the what? The equation, the balanced chemical equation. Now, if we if if we need to Yeah, this is it. This is it. So, this is extraction of what? This is extraction of iron. I hope you've understood the the the simplified explanation. Yeah. All the best, and don't forget to subscribe.