Human reproduction neet questioners

Added: 2026-05-07

[00:00:00]So today we are going to begin the series of second year that is PS second year science particularly in a zology part. So we can say you are going to refer this for board as well as for NE for your competitive purpose.

[00:00:21]So these are the units and the chapters respective in front of them. See first chapter is what?

[00:00:30]Sexual reproduction in flowering plant.

[00:00:32]It is belongs to the botney. Next chapter number two human reproduction.

[00:00:40]It is our first topic which we are going to learn after this introduction.

[00:00:46]Next reproductive health. This is also of zoolology.

[00:00:51]Next these all chapters are coming in the unit reproduction. So next unit we have genetics and evolution.

[00:01:00]So in that all three belongs to zoologology category itself. So first chapter in this genetics and evolution is principle of inheritance and variation. It also belongs to zology.

[00:01:16]Next chapter number five molecular basis of inheritance. It is also belong to zology category. Next we have chapter evolution that also belongs to the zology category. Next we have unit piology in human welfare. Out of them one belongs to zology and one belongs to botney. So here we are going to have human health and diseases.

[00:01:47]Okay. This category or this chapter belongs to zoolology.

[00:01:52]Next we have biotechnology.

[00:01:56]It is next unit. In the unit both the chapters belongs to body.

[00:02:03]So by biotechnology principle and processes and next is biotechnology and its application it also belongs to botney. Coming to the next unit we have see ecology part we have next to ecology unit out of that two belongs to biology section and one belong to zology. First one is organism and population it belongs to botney. Next ecosystem it belongs to botney and biodiversity and conservation it belong to zology.

[00:02:46]So based on this information we are going to begin today with the lesson that is nothing but the human reproduction.

[00:02:59]So just for the introduction today we are going to do this live streaming.

[00:03:06]So shall we proceed?

[00:03:10]Okay.

[00:03:11]So here we have human reproduction.

[00:03:16]So in this we have synopsis we can say the male reproductive system, the female reproductive system, gamtogenesis, menstrual cycle, fertilization and implantation, pregnancy and embionic development, parturation and lactation.

[00:03:36]See this topic we can say one of the hesitative chapter to learn why means in the early stage in the adults in spirit some of the students know about this some of them don't know and much difficult part is to teach this lesson see first as you are aware human are sexually repetizing And we will paris means what the human beings are reproducing. Okay. They having the physiological process sexually reproduction. Next what the mean of vivaris means they are going to give birth to the young one. The reproductive the reproductive events in human includes formation of gamuts that is nothing but the gamtoenesis. The process of formation of gamuts is known as what?

[00:04:38]Gam gamtoenesis.

[00:04:41]In gamtogenesis if we divide it in male and female sperms in males and in female. C if the gamtogenesis process in males means it is referred to as spermatogenesis and if the gamtoenesis process in females mean it is referred to as eugenesis.

[00:05:04]See here transfer of sperms into the female genital tract.

[00:05:10]See here the male gamuts are going to transfer into a female genital tract or female reproductive part. That process is known as what? Insemination and fusion of male and female gamuts is known as fertilization. See whenever we are referring the sexual reproduction at that time we are going to discuss about the fertilization. So here what is going to happen? The fusion in between male and female gamut is going to happen.

[00:05:43]That process only referred to as what?

[00:05:45]Fertilization.

[00:05:47]After fertilization it lead to formation of zygote. See after fertilization only the zygote we can say it is the byproduct which is forming.

[00:05:59]This is followed by formation and development of blastoyst and its attachment to the uterine wall. See after formation of zygote it is going it is undergoing cell division and forming the blastoyst after that it is going to attach to uterus or utrine wall. That process only known as what?

[00:06:24]Implantation.

[00:06:26]See after implantation further it is going to divide the that blastoyst is going to divide further like gastrillaa blast morula all these development is known as what embryionic development and that period is known as what gestation or the pregnancy gestation period or the pregnancy period and delivery of the baby after pregnancy the baby is going to deliver. Okay. So that process is known as what?

[00:07:04]Parturation.

[00:07:06]You have learned that these reproductive events occur after puberty. As we all know this thing if maturity doesn't occur means these things cannot possible. Why? Means sperms as well as have been not yet formed. So how these all events are possible? So after puberty only all these events are possible there are remarkable difference between the reproductive events in male and in the female. See we can say a remarkable changes we are we are going to observe in between the male as well as in the female. For example, sperm formation continues even in old men. See, sperms can be formed even in a 60-year-old man or 80 years old man. But formation of OM seizes in OM women around the age of 50 years. Here what they're trying to tell means the gamuts in males these are continuously producing in males whereas in females the gamut formation or the formation is going to seize around 50 years. Let us examine the male and female reproductive system in humans.

[00:08:40]So next we have the particular reproductive system we are going to first subunit that is nothing but the male reproductive system. So here the male reproductive system is located in the pelvis region. We can say it is lower abdominal region that is called as pelvis region. Okay. Or pelvic region.

[00:09:08]Both are the same. Next, it consists of the male reproductive system includes a pair of testes along with accessory ducts, accessory glands and the external genitalia. Means the male reproductive system consists with all these things like a pair of testice, accessory ducts, accessory glands and external genitalia.

[00:09:36]So by looking this figure you're going to understood.

[00:09:42]So these are the sectional weave of male pelvic region and this is the male reproductive system.

[00:09:51]Here you can observe a pair of testes along with the glands and accessory ducts along with this external genitalia. Okay. Next the testice are situated outside the abdominal cavity within a pouch called scrotum. See this is the pouch covered to testives that is known as what? Scrotum.

[00:10:24]So what is the importance or significance of that particular scrotum?

[00:10:30]Why God has created this?

[00:10:33]See each and every part each and every organ in our body have a specific functions.

[00:10:41]Okay. So here you can see the scrotum helps in maintaining the low temperature of testes.

[00:10:51]Keep this in your mind. So these are going to ask in the need as well as in the board question. So if it is related to scrotum means what is the significance it the low temperature of the testes I'm forcing I'm highlighting I'm focusing on these words okay wherever it is necessary see about 2 to 2.5° lower than the normal internal body temperature usually our normal body temperature is 37° so say about 2° we are going to minus then it will be around 35°C or if I minus with the 2.5° at that time it will be 34.5 5° C.

[00:11:59]So this will be the temperature of this will be the temperature of testice.

[00:12:09]Okay. So this will be the temperature of testice lower than the normal body temperature necessary for spermatogenesis.

[00:12:20]Why it is essential or important means for the sake of spermatogenesis that is nothing but the formation the process of formation of sperm is only referred as spermatogenesis.

[00:12:35]In adults, each testice is oval shaped with a length of about 4 to 5 cm and width of about 2 to 3 cm.

[00:12:53]See first thing it is oval in shape. The testice is oval in shape.

[00:13:02]Okay. as well as its length is. If we are going through the length means see assume that this is the testice and length of this testice is about 4 to 5 cm.

[00:13:23]Okay. Whereas if we consider the width at that time this is length this is width. So width will be 2 to 3 cm.

[00:13:40]Okay. Next the testice is covered by a dense covering each. See this crotum.

[00:13:52]Okay. It is VB zigzag.

[00:13:56]It is what dense covering.

[00:14:00]Okay. Each testice has about 250 compartments called testicular lobules.

[00:14:10]See here these are the testicular lobules.

[00:14:16]So here if I make the rough line over it it looks like this.

[00:14:24]It looks like this. So this how many compartments we can say around 250 250 compartments or testicular lobules are present in a single test.

[00:14:44]Next, each lobule contains 1, two, three highly coiled seminar tubules. See here within this one within this one 1 2 3 1 2 3 seiferous tubules seminer tubules are present.

[00:15:18]See in which sperms are produced. See in this seminifpherus only the sperms are going to produce the sperms are produced.

[00:15:39]Okay.

[00:15:41]So each seminifpherous tubules is lined on its inside by two types of cells called male germ cells that is spermatogonia.

[00:15:56]Whenever we are telling about the cells here we have in our body two type of cell. One is germ cell and one more is somatic cell. Same germ cell are able to reproduce. They are capable of reproduction whereas they are incapable incapable for reproduction.

[00:16:30]Okay, they are incapable of reproduction. Whereas these germ cells are capable of reproduction.

[00:16:41]That's why they are presents only in the gonads or the private parts or the reproductive parts. Okay. Along with what? Here in the male seminiferous tubules along with germ cell one more cell is present that is serotally cell.

[00:17:07]Okay. The male germ cells undergo miotic division finally leading to sperm formation.

[00:17:18]See whenever we are telling about the miotic division means here we can say it is reductional division reductional division. Okay. Next why it is happening so means if the gamuts are in a deployed state it need to convert into a hloid state sperm formation. Okay. While settle cells provide nutrition. So keep this in your mind. Storal cells are going to provide the nutrition to the developing germ cells.

[00:18:04]Okay. The region outside the seminiferous tubules called intersticial space. This is also going to ask in the mid syllabus. So the region the region outside the seminifpherous tubles is called as what? Interest.

[00:18:29]See and it contains a small blood vessels and interial cells also called as leic cell. Leadic cell or interial cell both are same cells but having a different name. See leic cell synthesize and secrete testicular hormones. the musculine hormones we can say called androgens.

[00:19:00]So namely it's what androgens hormones are secreted by the ladic other imunologically competent cells are also present along with this like blood vessels uh leic cell and some of the imu imunological competent also present in the intestial space. Next the male sex accessory ducts include.

[00:19:29]So here accessory ducts are ratitis, vessa efferentia, epidmis and vast difference. These are called as accessory ducts. The seminiferous tubules of the testes open into vessa efferrenia.

[00:19:57]See first thing the seminifpherous tubules of the testes open into vasa ephrenia.

[00:20:07]So here from this seminar tubules it is going to lead to where vasa effia first.

[00:20:16]Okay, it opens into a vasa ephrenia.

[00:20:20]After that it move to a bit. From here it moves to epidameis located along the posterior surface of each testice. See both the sides these things are present but here in only one side we have cut open and showing.

[00:20:45]So next the epidamase the epidamase leads to vessa difference. See this is what the tube line this is the tube line which is referred to as vessa difference. So that ascends to the abdomen and loops over the urinary bladder.

[00:21:10]that ascends towards the abdomen and loops over the urinary bladder.

[00:21:17]It receives a duct from seminal vesicle.

[00:21:25]It receives a duct from the seminal vesicle and opens into the urethra and opens into the urethra as a ejaculatory duct. Okay. When during ejaculation the sperm and the semen as well as the urine is going to come out from this urethra itself.

[00:21:55]These ducks store and transport the sperm. These ducks store and transport the sperm from the testice through outside through urethra.

[00:22:10]The ureththerra originates from urinary bladder and extends through the penis.

[00:22:19]This is the penis to its external opening called urethral mus. See urethra is also known as urethral mus.

[00:22:32]Urethal mus.

[00:22:36]Y means it is going to eject out urine as well as the cemen. both the things both the fluids is expelled out through the urethra or urethral metas. Okay. So next we are going to see about the further things. So this diagram is referred to as seminiferous tubers.

[00:23:13]So 1 2 3 see this kind of three seminiferous tables are present in one testicular lobule. So in this you can observe this set.

[00:23:29]This is the set cell and these are the spatos or the tailed cell is known as these are the already matured cell.

[00:23:40]Okay, which are staying away from the cyto cell. They are mature sperms also called as spomeatzoa.

[00:23:48]See here immature cell they are present to inner germ line. See inner lining of the seminifpherous tubules that is what germ cells or the spermatogonia.

[00:24:03]Okay. See in between two seminiferous tubules one space is present that is dark pink color is present that is interial space. Whereas the cells located in this space is known as what?

[00:24:22]interial cell or leic cell.

[00:24:34]See these are also known as what?

[00:24:37]Intestial cells or the ladic cell.

[00:24:45]See next here the penis is the male external genitalia.

[00:24:53]It is made up of special tissues that help in erection of the penis to facilitate insemination.

[00:25:05]The enlarged end of penis called the glance penis is covered by a loose fold of skin called foreskin. See the penis is firstly it is helped in the insemination and it is having a cap-like structure that is known as glands of pennis and that cap-like structure is covered with the skin that skin is known as foreskin.

[00:25:32]See along with the accessory ducts the male having the accessory glands too. So the glands are a paired of seminal vesicle prostate and paired of bulb ureiththral gland. Here the secretion of these glands constitute the seminal plasma which is rich in see we can say constituent of plasma are fructose calcium and certain enzyme. So seminal fluid made up of calcium, fructose and some of the enzyme. These are the constituent constituent of seminal fluid. See when this seinal fluid is going to convert into a semen means when it is fused with the sperm or when it is combined with fluid.

[00:26:48]So at that time it is going to be a semen. Okay. The constituent of seminal fluids are calcium fructose enzyme when it is going to fuse or add on with the sperm at that time that fluid is known as what semen. So hope so viewers you are understanding and enjoying my videos. If you have any doubts, any query or if you want any of the video related to the zoology content, you can comment me in the comment box and for the new please share this and like my YouTube channel. Comment make sure to comment and subscribe. After subscribing, don't forget to hit the bell icon.

[00:27:39]So I'll meet you in the next video or next streaming or the next shots or next video. Till that Allah