Lesson 2 Personal computers

追加: 2026-05-09

[00:00:04]good morning dear students um today we'll have lesson number two and we will talk about personal computers or a typical PC so the PC or personal computer it consists of three main parts the first one is Monitor as you see in the screen and the second one is processor and the third one is keyboard so they are considered to be three main parts of PC as you know the PC it has many just um many devices which are connected to it and they are called uh let's say additional parts for example let's say mouse speakers webcam um printer scanner as you see in the picture hard disk or CD disc um they can be an example of additional devices um and we shouldn't forget that they play um these uh devices just you see on screen they play additional role for example um let's say speaker it helps to listen to the uh sounds yeah which are processed by the PC or um let's say a flesh memory card they just use it to store the information and as you see they have some functions and these devices they have their own Ro so a typical computer or PC it consists of two main parts the first one is called hardware and the second one is called software so what's Hardware the students Hardware um it's an electronic and mechanical part of the computer let's say the um devices they they can be considered as Hardware because we can uh they are let's say built electronically and we can touch or we can see them physically and that's why they're called hardware and the second type of the uh let's say part of the PC it is software and um software is a set of programs let's say everything that are covered in the memory of the PC like files documents the items that can we cannot touch or uh let's say physically um see and they called software both of them have their own functions and mostly software is used to control the [Music] hardware so dear students um we'll talk about now a basic sections of Hardware so the hardware it consists of um three main sections and the first one is CPU uh CPU stands for central processing unit and it is the heart of the PC and it processes data and coordinates activities of other units so this is the main part of the uh Hardware let's say the main device of main device which are considered to be Hardware is CPU the next one is um the main memory and the main memory it is situated in uh in inside of the CPU and it holds instructions in data uh the M main memory it consists of two sections R and r o m and the third one uh the third section of the hardware is peripherals and peripheral peripherals they are the physical units attached to the computer they can be let's say a mouse keyboard or a printer scanner they are physically attached with the help of cables and that's why they're called peripherals so now we'll talk about peripherals themselves itself uh so peripherals are divided into three parts they are input devices storage devices and output devices so input devices um let's see them as you see in the screen input devices they used to store data or end up data uh to the PC and they can be touchcreen joystick keyboard mouse scanner microphone and Etc why do we call them input devices because they are used to enter data or information to our computer that's why we call them input devices next we have storage devices so what are they storage devices they're mainly mainly us it to keep or store the information for example memory cards hard disk drives flash memory cards Floy disc Optical discs the store the information and they play the role of storage that's why we call them storage devices so uh the third type of the devices they are output devices so they can be printer monitor plotter headphone projector video card and Etc why do we call them uh output devices because they are used to take out the information from our PC and for example let's take printer we have for example we may have this information on our PC and we want to take just print the information by printing we just take the information from our Compu and that's why um generally these type these types of devices they're called output devices and I should mention about parts so what are they PS a small parts of processor which we can plug other devices they are mainly uh located at the just back of the PC and they use it to connect um as they said connect other devices like mouse keyboard scanners printers to the PC itself um and they also have their own role on just um on processing the p now we'll talk about um functions of a PC so there are main uh mainly four functions of a PC and they are connected to each other so the first one is data let's say input so in input process or function data is enterate with the kboard or webcam for example we' like to make make a document and uh we let's say we create the do document and then enter some kind of information uh on it and this process is called input or uh the second one is processing so what's processing in this uh function in this process uh the data is manipulated according to the program instruction which means that we can add change the Document program everything and if we make changes or edit it and this process is called processing mainly uh the documents um files they they are uh processed and this called this let's say process is called processing so uh after input we may make some changes or we may add something and shortly we call this process processing and next we have storage so in this process we keep data and programs in memory of a computer so after making some changes we will store them I mean the information in our in the memory and this process is called storage the students do you know what we will do after storing the uh information we will do um output which means that we will take the information out of our PC so in this process uh we can see the result on the screen or in printed form so this process is called output um let's imagine we are just seeing or I'm doing something on just on our PC and we see what we are doing on monit Monitor and this process called output or if you if you want just if we want to dis Sprint something like um to get a hard copy and uh this process also called output so dear students don't forget that the computer has main four functions it begins from input and ends with output so this uh the processes they are um they are done step by step and don't forget this uh let's say their turn okay and thank you for your attention dear students and um don't forget to to do the tasks given on the assignment uh thank you for your attention guys