The U.S. Banned a Novel for 12 Years. A Judge Read All 900 Pages.

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[00:00:00]In 1933, a federal judge read an entire 900-page banned novel cover to cover, then freed it.

[00:00:06]James Joyce's Ulysses had been declared obscene in the United States since 1921.

[00:00:12]Customs agents were seizing copies at the border.

[00:00:15]The book could not be legally sold, imported, or published in America.

[00:00:20]For 12 years, one of the most celebrated novels in the English language was contraband.

[00:00:25]So, Random House decided to pick a fight.

[00:00:28]The publisher deliberately arranged for a copy of Ulysses to be intercepted by US Customs, engineering the seizure specifically to force a court challenge.

[00:00:36]The case landed before Judge John M.

[00:00:38]Woolsey in the Southern District of New York.

[00:00:41]Woolsey did something almost no one expected.

[00:00:44]He read the entire book.

[00:00:46]All 900 pages.

[00:00:49]His 1933 ruling is now a landmark in First Amendment history.

[00:00:54]Woolsey found that Ulysses was not obscene. It was, in his words, "a sincere and serious attempt to devise a new literary method."

[00:01:01]He evaluated the work as a whole, not by its most controversial passages.

[00:01:06]That standard was revolutionary.

[00:01:09]The decision cracked open American publishing.

[00:01:12]D. H. Lawrence, Henry Miller, and countless others eventually followed through the door Woolsey opened.

[00:01:18]The government banned a book.

[00:01:20]A judge did his homework.

[00:01:22]Follow for cases they never taught you.