HUMAN SKELETON CLEARLY EXPLAINED

追加: 2026-05-19

[00:00:00]In our today's anatomy class, we'll be looking at the overview of the human skeleton.

[00:00:06]The human skeleton is a bony framework of the human body.

[00:00:10]The human skeleton can be classified into two. You have the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.

[00:00:21]The axial skeleton The axial skeleton is composed is composed of the ribs, the rib, the sternum, >> [snorts] >> the vertebral column, the vertebral column, and the what? The skull.

[00:00:53]The skull.

[00:00:55]Why the appendicular skeleton The appendicular skeleton The appendicular skeleton is made up of the lower limb, the lower limb, the upper limb, the pectoral girdle, and pelvic girdle.

[00:01:35]This a model of the human skeleton.

[00:01:41]Now, the the axial skeleton form the axis of the body. It form the central part of the human body. And as you can see right here, this is the skull.

[00:01:53]This is the thoracic cage, which is made up of the ribs, The 12 pairs of rib, 12 on the right, 12 on the left hand side of the chest.

[00:02:04]Posteriorly, we have the vertebral column or what we call the backbone.

[00:02:12]So, this core superiorly, the backbone or the vertebral column posteriorly, anteriorly, the ribs together with the sternum form the axial skeleton.

[00:02:28]Why the appendicular skeleton is attached to the axial skeleton? That is why we call it the appendicular skeleton.

[00:02:37]Appendicular meaning appendages and attachment. Now, the appendicular skeleton is made up of the lower limb as I stated earlier.

[00:02:47]The upper limb, the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle. So, the bones of the upper limb comprise of the femur in the thigh.

[00:03:01]In the leg, we have the fibula.

[00:03:05]We have the fibula. Why in the foot, we have the tarsal bones, the metatarsal bones and the phalanges.

[00:03:13]So, these are the bones of the lower limb.

[00:03:16]The femur in the thigh, the tibia and fibula in the leg, the tarsal bones, the metatarsal and the phalanges in the foot. Why the upper limb is made up of bones such as the humerus in the arm.

[00:03:36]In the forearm, we have the radius laterally. While medially, we have the ulna.

[00:03:45]And in the hand, we have the carpal bones, the metacarpal bones and the phalanges.

[00:03:54]While the pectoral girdle is made up of two very important bones.

[00:04:01]The scapula and the clavicle.

[00:04:06]>> [snorts] >> Right here we have the scapula, one on the left and one on the right. So, the the scapula the scapula are two. So, you have a left scapula and we have a right scapula. While posteriorly we have the we have the scapula.

[00:04:26]The scapula the two scapula on the on the left as well as on the right hand side. So, two clavicles, two scapula posteriorly.

[00:04:39]While the pelvic girdle is made up of the pelvic bone this bone right here, the pelvic bone the pelvic bone and a bone called a sacrum.

[00:04:55]A bone called a sacrum posteriorly. So, the pelvic girdle is made up of the sacrum posteriorly which is attached to the pelvic bone or what we call the hip bone.

[00:05:11]So, the the sacrum and the hip bone come together to form what we call the pelvic girdle.

[00:05:20]Now, the these bones that um run through using this model can also be looked at in parts to consolidate the understanding. The bones of the lower limb are the the femur, this is the femur.

[00:05:43]In the leg we have the tibia which is a big bone of the leg.

[00:05:50]Then we now have a slender bone in the leg called the fibula.

[00:05:54]Why in the foot we have the metatarsal bones.

[00:06:00]We have the We We have the metatarsal bone right here. We have the tarsal bones. Then we now have the phalanges.

[00:06:07]Why in the upper limb Why in the upper limb we have a long bone in the upper limb in our arm, precisely in the arm here we have a long bone called the humerus.

[00:06:22]Why in our forearm Why in our forearm we have two bones.

[00:06:29]the radius and the ulna.

[00:06:34]Then in our hand In our hand we have these sets of bones the carpal bones, the metacarpal bones, and the phalanges.

[00:06:46]>> [clears throat] >> This is a gross view of the pelvic girdle. The pelvic girdle is made up of the hip bone and the sacrum posteriorly. So this is the sacrum posteriorly. Why this is the hip bone that is attached to the sacrum.

[00:07:08]Why the pectoral girdle or what you call the shoulder girdle is made up of two bones.

[00:07:15]the scapula and the clavicle.

[00:07:21]the the thoracic cage The thoracic cage which is part of the axial skeleton is made up of the ribs. This model is showing the ribs.

[00:07:32]At the middle we have a bone called the sternum or what you call the breast bone.

[00:07:39]Now this is the sternum right here.

[00:07:41]These are the ribs. So, the the form what we call the rib cage or the thoracic cage.

[00:07:50]Then this is a model of the skull. This right here. This is a model of the skull.

[00:08:03]In the human body, we have about 206 bones in adults. But in infants, they have over 300 bones.

[00:08:12]Why? The reason why we have more bones in infants than in adults is because as the infant grows into adulthood, some of the bones fuse together to form uh single bones. Some of them fuse together to form two bones. Some form fuse together to form a single bone.

[00:08:36]So, this is how far we'll be going in our today's class.

[00:08:43]Watch out for my next video. I am your anatomy educator, Simon.

[00:08:51]Thank you for watching this video.