12TH || CHAP-2 || LEC-28 ||26/5/2026 ||

Added: 2026-05-27

[00:00:02]Write Dialectic Para is an important topic. We last for two days. The two long questions that we have left regarding Dharita will be cleared by this.

[00:00:15]What is mercury electrolysis? In one line you have to understand that mercury is an electrically insulator.

[00:00:21]Like paper, glass, mica, wax, rubber, wood, all these materials are insulators.

[00:00:34]What is called a bad conductor? A substance in which no charge is free to move.

[00:00:42]If we want to move it by pushing its charge, then there is no free electron or free charge inside it which can move. Conductors contain free electrons that can be pushed and moved to create a current.

[00:00:59]Insulators do not have such electrons. There are no free electrons.

[00:01:03]All the pluses and minuses remain strongly bound to each other.

[00:01:05]Hence there are no charge carriers in a bad conductor.

[00:01:11]Current does not flow through an insulator. Today I am not talking about the driver. Who am I talking about today?

[00:01:17]Today I am talking about dielectric i.e. insulator.

[00:01:22]So dielectric is an insulator and when this insulator is placed in an electric field, it affects the electric field and when it affects the electric field, you had named that property in Chapter One itself as mercury permittivity.

[00:01:40]So today we will discuss this in detail.

[00:01:42]What is a dielectric and what effect does the electric field have on the dielectric when it is placed in an electric field? Write and give heading. If you write, write two lines first.

[00:01:54]Dielectric is a bad conductor.

[00:01:59]Dielectric is a bad conductor.

[00:02:04]Dielectric is a bad conductor.

[00:02:08]Dielectric is a bad conductor. A dielectric is a bad conductor.

[00:02:16]An insulator is a material that reacts with an external electric field.

[00:02:26]You may not understand this word right now as to how it affects the external electric field.

[00:02:31]We will discuss this now. which affects the external electric field.

[00:02:39]How much will it reduce the effect of the electric field? It depends on the different mercury power. The electric field that affects the external electric field.

[00:02:50]Write it down in the example.

[00:02:58]Write in the example.

[00:03:02]You can write glass glass wax rubber rubber wood paper paper these extras all of these are dielectric materials.

[00:03:22]are insulators.

[00:03:39]Listen, now these dielectric materials, insulators are of two types in our nature.

[00:03:46]Which ones are there?

[00:03:49]Listen to this. Basically this is a topic for chemistry sir.

[00:03:52]Chemistry sir will teach you better what dielectric is.

[00:03:56]I am taking whatever share of work I have from here. To understand dielectrics, you first need to understand a little about electric dipoles. What will it take to understand? I am reminding you. You had read a topic earlier in Chapter One, Electric Dipole. Electric dipole. What was an electric dipole? The electric dipole was a system of two opposite charges. One pole had a negative charge at one end and a positive charge at the other end and the distance between the two was very small. It looks so big on the board. It is so short that you cannot see it with your naked eyes.

[00:04:34]This plus minus remains at such a short distance that the distance is very small. So according to Coulomb's law, what will be the force between the two?

[00:04:42]More. Because what is the formula for force between two charges? 1 / 40 q / r² q1 q2 / r² See, the lesser the distance, the greater will be the force. There is a very less distance between the two plus and minus. There is a small distance, hence the force between the two will be tremendous. What will be the nature of the force, attractive or repulsive, so this minus is pulling this plus strongly and this plus is pulling this minus very strongly.

[00:05:18]Now if you take this positive charge away from here.

[00:05:20]This negative charge also goes with it.

[00:05:23]Take this negative charge away. The positive charge will also go with it. Now it has become a system.

[00:05:30]And what was the name of this system that I mentioned? The electric dipole was called the electric dipole. And remember, I must have taught a physical quantity of this electric dipole.

[00:05:40]Which one? Electric dipole moment. The electric dipole moment we reported to Who? It was informed by P.

[00:05:48]From P and equal to P I told you a formula. The formula was explained. The magnitude of either charge times the distance between the two charges. This is the electric dipole moment. And I also told the direction of electric dipole moment.

[00:06:04]Where? Look at this from the minus.

[00:06:08]We have told the direction of this electric dipole moment.

[00:06:10]What else were you told? Then I told you that the electric field due to electric dipole also creates electric dipole electric field. How much electric field does it create? So what was the electric field on the axis of the electric dipole? How much was mentioned on 1/402p/r Niraksha? 1/4 not p / r, this is all that was told, we had also told about the electric field at the neutral and at the general point, do you remember anyone, 1/40 p / r * over 1 + 3 cos² theta, this was it, but in all the three formulas you must have seen one thing, what came at the top, P was the electric dipole moment. If the electric dipole moment P becomes zero, what will be the intensity? It will become zero. This is all a Chapter One thing. I am reminding you because you will understand this only if you remember it. Now, this electric dipole -q and +q, which you just called electric dipole, is this system. Where is this seen in our nature? Where can we see it around us? So you see the answers every day. Give an example.

[00:07:31]So who are the electric dipoles? Na Cl What is this? Electric dipole. I told you earlier also.

[00:07:42]We call N ACl sodium chloride. Let's take NaCl, it behaves like our electric dipole.

[00:07:48]This is actually an electric dipole. The electric dipole you read on the board. This NaCl is our electric dipole. How? So you see. This electric dipole is fulfilling the condition.

[00:07:58]Sodium. Well, you must have read in chemistry what every element in the world wants to do with itself? Wants to stabilize.

[00:08:07]Wants to make it temporary. And it adopts a process to make it temporary. When does any element consider itself most unstable? When eight electrons come in its last orbit.

[00:08:22]He considers it to be the most temporary. And there are also their scales of being temporary. But what is the condition for being the most temporary?

[00:08:31]That there should be eight electrons in its last orbit.

[00:08:34]And it reacts and so on to be temporary.

[00:08:40]How many electrons are in the last orbit of sodium?

[00:08:42]You should say in the last orbit of sodium. There is sodium. How many electrons are there in the first orbit? Two electrons.

[00:08:51]Eight electrons in the second orbit. 8 2 10 If we see one electron in the third orbit, the total becomes 11. Sodium has 11 electrons. See, if sodium gets seven electrons from somewhere, then how much will be there in its last orbit? There will be eight electrons. Or think in reverse, if an electron releases itself, then its last orbit will become this.

[00:09:17]So how many electrons are left in it?

[00:09:19]Eight electrons. And it became stable. So sodium wants to release an electron to stabilize itself.

[00:09:26]And if its combination is formed with someone.

[00:09:32]With whom will it be combined? Which would want to take an electron. It wants to give away one electron. If someone wants to take an electron, what will happen to it? A combination will be formed.

[00:09:45]Who wants to take an electron? Chlorine.

[00:09:48]How many electrons are in the last orbit of chlorine? Seven. Chlorine has seven electrons in its last orbit. The first orbit has two, the second orbit has eight, the third orbit has seven. 8 2 10 7 So chlorine has seven electrons in its last orbit and it needs one electron.

[00:10:06]And it has to give one electron.

[00:10:09]One person has a boy and one has a girl. Then what will happen to both of them? Only when the combination is formed will the firecracker burst, otherwise the firecracker will not burst.

[00:10:23]Vehicles will not be booked. Why? Because combination one has a boy.

[00:10:28]What does the other person even have? It's a boy. The firecracker will burst or not. If it explodes, it will become news.

[00:10:33]Look, this combination is being formed between the two. So, looking at the combination of both and its nature, what do we do?

[00:10:46]We keep sodium and chlorine together in a vessel. Whichever vessel you keep it in, sodium gives one electron to chlorine.

[00:10:52]It asks will you take it from chlorine or if he says yes then it gives one electron to it.

[00:10:58]Look, as soon as an electron comes to chlorine, it will become negative because wherever the electron goes, there is a negative charge and if sodium gives an electron, it will become positive. Look at this.

[00:11:14]Think about plus and minus like this, here comes plus and minus, will the centre of both be the same or will they be different, chlorine is at a different centre and sodium is at a different centre, plus minus and what is this between the two, there is some distance, very less distance but there is a distance, both are not coincident, are not at the same point, both plus and minus are not at the same point, are on different side meters.

[00:11:43]Now look at this carefully.

[00:11:46]Whose condition is he fulfilling?

[00:11:49]It looks like an electric dipole. So what is NaCl one? There is such a strong force of attraction between the electrical plus and minus due to Coulomb's law that you take this minus.

[00:11:59]Take the chlorine.

[00:12:01]Who will go with this? Sodium will also go away. And move on to sodium.

[00:12:04]Chlorine will also go away. Sodium was the first atom. Chlorine was also the first atom. Now both have been found. Became a family. What did you make? Anu Molecule.

[00:12:16]This has now become a molecule. And the electron came out from here and went into this. At that time we call this thing a chemical reaction. A chemical reaction took place here.

[00:12:26]And due to chemical reaction, Coulombic force is acting between plus and minus. And in the language of chemistry, we call this Coulombic force that a bond has been formed between the two.

[00:12:35]And if we have to end this bond, what will we have to give from outside? Energy will have to be given. How much energy will have to be given? This point will end today.

[00:12:45]Chemistry teacher will explain all this to you in a better way. So NaCl is an electric dipole in our nature.

[00:12:53]What even is Next One H2O H2O? This is oxygen. This is hydrogen. This is hydrogen.

[00:13:00]How many electrons does oxygen need to be stable? Two. You need two, right? Because how many electrons are there in the last orbit of oxygen?

[00:13:07]Six. And if he is eight years old, how much does he need?

[00:13:11]Two. So this oxygen takes one electron from one hydrogen and one electron from the other hydrogen.

[00:13:17]Took one electron from it. Two minuses here and one plus here. Now this is one plus one plus two plus one.

[00:13:24]Where is the center of these two pluses? It will be here, right? The centre of both plus will be here. Now look, two minuses here and two pluses here. What is he making? Making an electric dipole.

[00:13:38]H2O is electric dipole. Similarly, HCl hydrochloric acid is also an electric dipole. Carbon monoxide, what is this? Electric dipole. The molecule which behaves like an electric dipole is called a polar molecule.

[00:13:58]Polar Anu speaks. They say polar molecules.

[00:14:05]Polar molecule.

[00:14:07]Now let's think about one more thing.

[00:14:11]Think about CO2 or O2 or N2. Atomic number of nitrogen?

[00:14:18]How many electrons are in the last orbit? Five electrons. Five electrons, right?

[00:14:22]Look at this. Do you know what the structure of N2 is? N and how much bonding triple bonding see this is N2. Similarly, you know about CO2.

[00:14:43]What remains on both sides? Oxygen and carbon in the middle. How much bonding double. This is CO2, how many electrons did this oxygen take from carbon? Two. How much did this take?

[00:14:59]took two electrons. Because carbon has four electrons to give and take.

[00:15:03]You must have read all this in Chemistry.

[00:15:05]Look carefully here. There's 2 minus here. There are two minuses here and how much plus here?

[00:15:12]4 plus. Now take the center of this two minus two minus.

[00:15:16]Where will he go? It will come here, right? Take the center of both. It will come here.

[00:15:22]So look at this, where are both 4 -2 -2 - +4 and -4? It is at the same point. It coincides. It is not different. Plus and minus are not different in this. So this will not be our electric dipole. CO2 is not an electric dipole. Such a molecule is called a non-polar molecule in chemistry.

[00:15:48]Nonpolar molecules So what are N2, CO2, O2 all of these? It is a non-polar molecule because its plus and minus sides are not at different centres. It happens coincidently. It coincides with, it coincides with.

[00:16:07]And since plus minus is at the same point. There is no distance developed between the two. So this will not be an electric dipole.

[00:16:15]This will become a non-polar molecule. Now some dielectric materials are made up of polar molecules and some are made up of non-polar molecules. The dielectric which is made of polar molecules is called polar dielectric. Whom did we just call dielectric? To the insulator material. What would the insulator material be made of? from a polar molecule. It will be called polar dielectric. So all these NaCl, H2O, HCL, CO, all of these, which dielectrics are they? will be a polar dielectric. And come here, the molecule which will not behave like an electric dipole will be a non-polar molecule and the dielectric formed from the non-polar molecule will be called a non-polar dielectric. So how many types of dielectrics are there? There will be two types.

[00:17:13]Polar dielectric and non-polar dielectric Definition of polar dielectric which is made up of polar molecules Definition of non-polar dielectric which is made up of non-polar molecules What is called a polar molecule which behaves like an electric dipole which has a permanent electric dipole which has a permanent p The one which has a permanent p will be called a polar molecule and what will be called a non-polar molecule? Which does not behave like an electric dipole. That is, the one who will have P zero in normal state.

[00:17:50]What will be its electric dipole moment? will be zero.

[00:17:52]In normal state. So it will be a non-polar molecule.

[00:17:55]Ok? I am drawing the structure of these polar molecules and non-polar molecules.

[00:18:00]Look, it looks something like this.

[00:18:08]Look, I am making this.

[00:18:13]Plus minus plus minus plus minus which anu is this is polar because where is its plus and minus? It is at the same point. It coincides.

[00:18:33]Look what I'm making here.

[00:18:38]Minus plus minus plus minus plus minus plus minus plus This is the adjustment of polar molecule and this is the adjustment of nonpolar molecule. Look at this plus minus plus minus plus minus plus minus see where is all the plus minus? It is at different centres and if plus minus is at different centres then it will be a permanent dipole and this is not our permanent dipole. So remember this is non- polar.

[00:19:30]Non polar and it will become polar. But there is one thing you have to see here. I would say what is the electric field here? So zero.

[00:19:39]Why? Because what is the electric dipole moment? Zero. Because if there is no electric dipole moment, if the electric dipole moment is zero then the electric field will also become zero here.

[00:19:51]Let me tell you what the electric field will be here? Will it be zero or something? The answer is what will be the electric field here also? It will be zero. Why? Because if you look carefully, where is the direction of P? So look here from minus, this minus and this plus, this is the direction of P.

[00:20:11]Look at the direction of P, from minus to plus, this is the direction of P.

[00:20:18]Look here, this is a minus. This is a plus. This molecule is a polar molecule. It is a polar molecule.

[00:20:25]But in a polar molecule it is not necessary that all the minuses are on one side and all the pluses are on one side. It keeps adjusting irregularly.

[00:20:32]See, this is minus and the direction of P will be here.

[00:20:38]This is minus and this is plus so the direction of P will be here.

[00:20:40]Look, 2 P is here, 2 P is here.

[00:20:43]What will one do to the other? Will cancel it. So what is the net electric dipole moment?

[00:20:48]Zero. And if the net electric dipole moment becomes zero then the electric field will also become zero.

[00:20:53]So here also the electric field is zero and here also the electric field is zero. Whether it is a non-polar molecule or a polar molecule.

[00:21:01]What will be the net electric field inside it? Will it be zero or what will be the electric dipole moment? will be zero.

[00:21:10]If we talk about total then what is the difference? The difference is that this is not a dipole. There is no permanent dipole. But what are all the molecules in it? It is a permanent dipole. Electric dipole moment is formed in it. But what is the problem? That one is above and one is below. Therefore, the resulting total effect is zero. It becomes zero.

[00:21:34]But here the moment will not be created.

[00:21:36]Ok? This is about polar, non-polar and polar. What is our topic today? Our topic is what will happen when both of these are placed in an external electric field? This is asked in your exam. It is also in our DPP. It will say when a dielectric is polar or non-polar. What happens when a non-conducting material called a dielectric is placed in an external electric field? This may become your question. Just think what will happen if you keep it in an external electric field?

[00:22:09]This is an electric field.

[00:22:13]is the external electric field.

[00:22:16]Look carefully. This is an external electric field.

[00:22:20]Now in this I am taking the external electric field from the E note.

[00:22:22]Let's say it's 30 newtons per coulomb. Now what did we do? I picked it up and brought it here. I picked it up and brought it here.

[00:22:32]You have to look carefully.

[00:22:35]We brought it here.

[00:22:37]Look, this non-polar one and we brought the polar dielectric here. As soon as it goes into the electric field, what will the electric field do to its plus and minus? Will apply force.

[00:22:49]Where does the electric field exert force on the plus and minus sides? in the direction of the field. So where will this positive shift? in the direction of the field.

[00:22:56]And where does the electric field exert force on the negative? on the opposite side of the field.

[00:23:01]This is the same thing that two objects are placed at one point. Move one over here. Move one over here.

[00:23:08]Now both remained at one point or different. As soon as you place it in this electric field, its plus and minus are at one place in CO2, bring this CO2 in this electric field, then in which direction will this electric field apply force on this positive charge, in its direction. And where will he put this negative charge?

[00:23:31]in its opposite direction. So will it stay at plus or minus one point? It will not remain. Now look, this one is done.

[00:23:40]What happened here? Plus and minus both have shifted to different points and take plus and minus, minus and plus again remove the electric field, what will happen, plus and minus will come at one point, they will coincide but if there is an electric field then what will happen to both, it means that when CO2 is kept in an electric field, then how will it behave, it will behave like an electric dipole. Temporary or Permanent Temporary It will start behaving like a temporary electric dipole. When placed in an electric field. This thing has to be remembered. When a nonpolar molecule is placed in an electric field. Like if it becomes CO2 etc. then what does it do like a temporary electric dipole? He deals with it. Ok? Now tell me.

[00:24:34]Okay, keep this. Let it be.

[00:24:36]Keep this also.

[00:24:41]Tell me what will happen if I keep this? Same work will be done.

[00:24:44]What is this already like? It is different. Plus minus is different from before. But when you put this here, just look at it. So this plus this plus on this side, where will the electric field apply force on this side?

[00:24:58]In your direction. And where will you put the 'f' on the minus sign? Look at yourself, this is a plus and this is a minus. So the electric field will apply force on this plus in its direction and on the minus in its opposite direction, so it will go from here and will get aligned like this. Where will the positive be displaced?

[00:25:18]Look, this kind of combination will be formed in the direction of the area and the negative area.

[00:25:20]Minus plus minus plus minus plus minus plus minus plus see this minus plus what is the difference between this and this?

[00:25:36]Dipole existed before, Dipole still exists.

[00:25:39]What is the difference? Earlier there was positive and negative here and there.

[00:25:42]Now everything went towards the positive zone.

[00:25:45]Look where all the positives are and where all the negatives are on the opposite side of the field.

[00:25:51]What will happen now? Now find its P. So where is P? From minus to plus. P minus to plus. From minus to plus. From minus to plus. From minus to plus. Look at this, from minus to plus. Tell me where are all the P's? In the same direction.

[00:26:06]What was there? Some P was here and some was here.

[00:26:09]But when placed in an electric field, all the Ps became in one direction. So tell me, will the total electric dipole moment P here be something or zero? Yes. Now here a net electric dipole moment has been generated inside it. And if a net electric dipole moment is generated inside it, a net electric dipole moment is generated, then tell me will the electric field now be zero or something?

[00:26:34]What was the electric field here before? It was zero. But now the electric field inside it will not be zero. There will be some electric field inside it.

[00:26:41]And we will call this electric field induced electric field.

[00:26:48]Will there be an electric field inside it?

[00:26:50]Answer: Yes. What was the electric field inside it earlier? Zero. But now there will be an electric field inside it. Why would it happen?

[00:26:58]Because what's inside it? P will be inside this too, right? Where from minus? On the plus side. It will have P inside it. Hence there will be electric field inside it. So what will be the net electric dipole moment of mercury when it is outside the electric field? Zero. There will be no electric dipole moment. And when it is inside the electric field, then electric dipole moment will be generated inside it. Then take out the electric field.

[00:27:26]What will be its electric dipole moment? will become zero. It will become zero. So in your exam you may be asked that when any mercury electrode, whether non-polar or polar, is placed in an external electric field, then what effect does the external electric field have on that mercury electrode? So you're looking at what will be its electric field when it's out? will be zero. When it goes inside the electric field, there will be some electric field inside it. You have to tell me where will the electric field that came inside it come?

[00:27:56]Where is the electric field located?

[00:27:59]Answer: Electric field is always from plus to minus.

[00:28:02]All the pluses are here and all the minuses are on one side. So where is the electric field plus? Look at this, listen to it carefully. This is a big thing. We will discuss this.

[00:28:14]Look, the electric field will be generated here. In this direction.

[00:28:19]What caused this electric field to arise?

[00:28:23]This electric dipole moment was generated due to the generation of this mercury electricity. And why did this electric dipole moment arise?

[00:28:30]Because plus and minus went to different ends. Why did the plus and minus get aligned at different ends in one direction each?

[00:28:37]Because where was it kept? Shift electrical.

[00:28:41]Listen again.

[00:28:44]Plus here and minus here is plus here. There is a plus here. There is a plus here. There is a plus here. That means plus minus is adjusted irregularly in it. But when we placed it in an external electric field, the external electric field applied force on all the positive charges and aligned them in its direction and sent all the negative charges in the opposite direction.

[00:29:01]Due to which electric dipole moment was generated in it and electric field was produced. So what causes this electric field to arise? If this E note was not there then this electric field would not have been generated. This is called an induced electric field. So what caused the induced electric field? The external electric field. Look carefully at the reason for the generation of induced electric field. Is this induced electric field being generated in the direction of the external electric field or in the opposite direction? Yes, it is happening in the opposite direction.

[00:29:31]Let's say this one is your induced electric field is 10 newtons per coulomb. How much?

[00:29:41]See how much is there here? 30 When we placed the mercury electric substance, how much did it increase here? 10 So tell me what is the total electric field here? So what will this 10 become in this 30? It will become minus. So how much is left? 20 newtons per coulomb. So tell me, did the electric field increase or decrease here? It decreased, right?

[00:30:05]This means what can an insulating material do to an electric field? Can reduce.

[00:30:11]And why can it decrease? You are seeing this.

[00:30:13]This insulator material can reduce the electric field, what do we call this property of insulator material? Dielectricity was taught. Permittivity which you wrote to whom? From Epson. Initially, you read about permittivity in Coulomb's law that the force in the air is more.

[00:30:32]Why will the force decrease if water is added?

[00:30:35]Because this is the electric field in the air and when you put water, insulator or any material, then what does this electric field do in the opposite direction of this material?

[00:30:48]Generates electric field. And what does that opposite electric field do to the previous electric field?

[00:30:55]Decrease it. And what do we call this property of matter? is called permittivity. It is called dielectricity. And the higher the permittivity of the insulator, the more it will affect the electric field. Will Work.

[00:31:09]The higher the permittivity, the lower will be the electric field.

[00:31:11]Well, suppose we put another substance in it. What happened in that was that 1000 extra plus came here and 1000 extra minus came here. So tell me, will this electric field be the same or more? This will be too much. Now it will become 29 Newton per coulomb. How much is there here? 30. So what is the total electric field? One. So what else did this material do to the electric field? Reduced it. So it depends on the material as to how much P will be formed in which material?

[00:31:45]The amount of electric dipole moment generated affects the total electric field accordingly. But you have understood one thing that whenever a dielectric material is placed in an external electric field, the resulting electric field inside the dielectric material will decrease. And you have read a formula. If the electric field decreases, the potential remains equal. Remember what we said about the potential difference between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor? E * D and if the electric field decreased. Look, the electric field has decreased. By keeping what?

[00:32:22]By keeping dielectric material.

[00:32:25]Remember. Maybe you don't remember. This was a parallel plate sandhai. And what was there here? It was the wind. And the electric field between the plates was E and what did we find the potential difference between the plates? ED I had taken all this out. Now we placed an insulating material between these plates. Tell me, when we place an insulating material, will this electric field remain the same or will it decrease? Will decrease.

[00:32:51]And if this electric field between the plates decreases then what will be the potential? Will decrease. And the formula for capacitance is charge divided by potential. If the potential decreases, the capacitance will increase. This means that when a dielectric material is placed between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor, the capacitance is Indian This VVI Question.

[00:33:14]Provided in your PPP. The question will ask why the capacitance increases when a dielectric material is placed between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor? So you have to write it in one line. The resulting electric field is reduced by placing a dielectric material.

[00:33:31]What happens to the potential when the resultant electric field decreases? decreases and as the potential decreases the capacitance increases. One can say this or ask questions like why does the electric field decrease by placing a dielectric material? So see why the electric field decreases? Because a new electric field is induced inside the dielectric.

[00:33:52]Which is what happens to the external electric field? It happens in the opposite direction due to which the total electric field decreases.

[00:33:59]What will we finally write again?

[00:34:06]What is our topic?

[00:34:14]What is the effect of electric field on dielectric material when it is placed in an external electric field? So what will you say? When a dielectric is placed in an external electric field, the positive charge present in the dielectric gets displaced in the direction of the field and the negative charge gets displaced in the opposite direction of the field, due to which a net electric dipole moment is produced in the dielectric.

[00:34:35]Well, what will be the direction of this net electric dipole moment?

[00:34:40]From minus to plus, see this direction is of P and whose direction is this? External means in which direction will the electric dipole moment be generated? is in the direction of the external electric field.

[00:34:54]But what will happen to the electric field? in the opposite direction.

[00:34:58]Inspired. This induced electric field will not be in the direction of P. It is opposite to P. That means the opposite happens.

[00:35:04]Listen to the finale again. When a mercury dielectric is placed in an external electric field, the positive charge present in the mercury dielectric gets displaced in the direction of the field and the negative charge gets displaced in the opposite direction of the field due to which a net electric dipole moment is generated inside the dielectric and where is the direction of this net electric dipole moment? It is in the direction of the external electric field. Should I also discuss the electric field here? Yes, you can but I am not discussing it right now.

[00:35:30]I will discuss it tomorrow because this is going to form our next long question.

[00:35:34]Right now I am only discussing the net electric dipole moment.

[00:35:38]But before that we have to write how many types of dielectrics are there? Write. So write there are two types of dielectrics. There are two types of dielectrics.

[00:35:49]Keep some speed. There are two types of dielectrics. There are two types of dielectrics. There are two types of dielectrics. There are two types of dielectrics. There are two types of dielectrics.

[00:36:07]Write a number.

[00:36:09]Write a number. Polar dielectric Polar dielectric. Well, this net electric dipole moment that is generated when kept in an electric field, is it temporary or permanent? Is it temporary or permanent? If the temporary electric field ends, what will happen to the net dielectric dipole moment? It will be over. Polar mercury electric Polar dielectric Polar dielectric Polar dielectric Write the definition of polar dielectric The dielectric formed from polar molecules is called polar dielectric. The dielectric formed from polar molecules is called polar dielectric. It is called a polar dielectric. It is called a polar dielectric.

[00:37:50]Write below it polar molecule polar molecule polar molecule so hurry up our time is five minutes we did it yesterday polar molecule polar see that anu that anu that anu which behaves like electric dipole moment.

[00:38:38]The particle which behaves like an electric dipole moment.

[00:38:40]The particle which behaves like an electric dipole moment.

[00:38:48]The particle which behaves like an electric dipole moment.

[00:38:50]which behaves like an electric dipole moment.

[00:38:56]behaves like an electric dipole moment.

[00:38:58]{comma} is called polar anu. It is called polar sensor. It is called polar sensor. It is called polar sensor.

[00:39:13]Example, let us write NaCl H2O CO HCL extra, rest you keep on making its structure, you will come to know about the molecule, secondly this was not there in it, secondly, now see non-polar non- polar dielectric, we have to see the dielectric, non-polar dielectric and from this dielectric, dielectricity is made, non-polar dielectric, non-polar dielectric, non-polar dielectric, so write it, see, the dielectric made from non-polar molecules is called non-polar dielectric. Is called non-polar dielectric. Is called non-polar dielectric. Is called non-polar dielectric. Is called non-polar dielectric.

[00:41:17]Write nonpolar molecule non polar molecule non polar molecule non polar molecule Let us see the molecule which does not have electric dipole moment. That means it does not behave like a dipole.

[00:41:59]The molecule which does not have an electric dipole moment.

[00:42:04]Which does not have an electric dipole moment.

[00:42:06]The molecule which does not have an electric dipole moment. Which does not have an electric dipole moment. Is called a non-polar molecule. Is called a non-polar molecule. Is called a non-polar molecule. Like O2 H2 N2 CO2 but what will happen if all these are kept in an external electric field? It starts behaving like a dipole because then its positive and negative do not remain at one centre. He aligns on two centers. Please do this question PVI. So look, what effect does the electric field have on a dielectric? When a dielectric is kept in an external electric field, what effect does the electric field have on a dielectric? When a dielectric is kept in an external electric field, what effect does the electric field have on a dielectric? What is the effect of electric field on dielectric?

[00:43:41]What is the effect of electric field on dielectric?

[00:43:47]What is the effect of electric field on dielectric?

[00:43:50]What effect does it have?

[00:43:53]Write the answer. What the effect is that the positive charge in one direction displaces the negative charge in one direction, creating an electric dipole moment. Write, write. When a dielectric is placed in an external electric field. When a dielectric is placed in an external electric field. is placed in an external electric field. If placed in an external electric field, then the positive charge present in the dielectric gets displaced in the direction of the external electric field. If placed in an external electric field, then the positive charge present in the dielectric gets displaced in the direction of the external electric field. The positive charge present in the dielectric is placed in the direction of the external electric field.

[00:45:25]appears in the direction of the external electric field.

[00:45:30]appears in the direction of the external electric field.

[00:45:35]appears in the direction of the external electric field. It gets present in the direction of the external electric field and the positive charge and the negative charge and the negative charge and the negative charge present in the dielectric gets present in the direction of the electric field and the negative charge and the negative charge in the direction opposite to the electric field and the negative charge in the direction opposite to the electric field and the negative charge in the direction opposite to the electric field, hey stand up boy, get up, I am asking you to come out, have you got admission in the class, hey you have not got admission, you will not come from tomorrow, go out and study and the negative charge and the negative charge gets displaced in the direction opposite to the electric field and the negative charge gets displaced in the direction opposite to the electric field.

[00:46:50]And the negative charge gets displaced in the opposite direction of the electric field. And the negative charge gets displaced in the opposite direction of the electric field. Due to which, due to which, due to which, due to which, due to which, you people should not bring Bansar child to us inside the mercury electricity.

[00:47:23]Who brought it? You brought it. You have brought it, you have not brought that. What together? I have arrived. Where does he study physics?

[00:47:36]When is Sara?

[00:47:39]What becomes present in the direction of.

[00:47:45]Now we are leaving our defensive approach. Till today, in the last 8 years, we were adopting a defensive mode that if there is a teacher or someone else, what can we do about ourselves, just defend ourselves. He is doing evil to you. If he is saying something about you then what should you do about yourself? Take care. Now we have changed our principle.

[00:48:04]Now don't adopt a defensive approach.

[00:48:07]Now you be aggressive. If he says something about one slap, then you say something about 10 slaps. That means he is opposing you, so you should oppose him completely.

[00:48:18]We made the change. You ca n't defend yourself all day, can you? Due to which a net electric dipole moment is generated inside the dielectric.

[00:48:37]Due to which a net electric dipole moment is generated inside the dielectric.

[00:48:41]Due to which a net electric dipole moment is generated inside the dielectric. A net electric dipole moment is generated. A net electric dipole moment is generated. A net electric dipole moment is generated. A net electric dipole moment is generated. If you understand the direction of this net electric dipole moment more, it will take more time.

[00:49:09]5 min 10 min Direction of net electric dipole moment Direction of net electric dipole moment Direction of net electric dipole moment Direction of net electric dipole moment is in the direction of the external electric field. is in the direction of the external electric field. The direction of the net electric dipole moment is in the direction of the external electric field. is in the direction of the external electric field.

[00:49:45]And write this down as a diagram. Do you understand what is happening? Positive charge in one direction, negative charge in the other, note this.

[00:49:56]Earlier we used to tell the students that if someone is saying something then why won't you convey the information to us.

[00:50:00]Now I say that you should convey the information. If anyone says anything wrong or unnecessary, please convey the information to me personally.

[00:50:33]How is the net electric dipole moment written? What happens with P Net? The magnitude of either charge times the distance between the charges.

[00:50:46]Okay, I understand the meaning of Q but what does P mean there? P stands for polarization. That means it is being induced due to polarization.

[00:50:53]Hence this is the positive charge induced due to +QP polarization. Negative charge induced due to polarization. What is polarization? Aligning the plus and minus at different ends. To become displaced. What is this? There is a pole. So this is positive charge due to the pole.

[00:51:08]This is the negative charge due to the pole. And the same old formula for electric dipole moment is charge times distance between charges. Let us take this forward tomorrow. it's not over. We will discuss this tomorrow and it will be a long discussion.