AB SIR class11 nomenclature

Ajouté : 2026-05-12

[00:00:00]next we'll come to the branches of organic chemistry sorry what are the different branches means we see the classification of the organic compounds because that okay so basically organic organic chemistry is divided into first one that is open chain compounds and the second one is closed chain compartes okay so it is also called a cyclic compound this is on a sidekick alright I open chain compounds is also known as aliphatic aliphatic meats open chain you can see that this is also known as aliphatic all right now open chain compounds can be further subdivided into saturated compounds and unsaturated compounds just now I see you saturated compounds is driven into alkenes and unsaturated compounds again is very into - that is a liens and alkynes all right now always as I said you I guess mix chiral carbon single bond this is also known as alkenes are otherwise also known as paraffins whereas alkenes are known as olefins I tell you the reason why trees and alkynes and on us as settle in now listen very carefully Christina benefits it is made of a two-word data and things that means little or less fields means affinity or reactivity we can select so hence it is known as paraffins that means these compounds are less reactive in nature they can I beat para and thinks para means little Douglas and pin Smith Stephanie your reactivity so this compounds are less reactive in nature why because what is exaggerated already already dissatisfied it has got carbon-carbon single bond but it if you need to break the carbon-carbon bond a large amount of energy is required to break the bond but it for that reason you study when you will study alkenes I will sell you at that particular time it undergoes substitution reaction you have studied in the lower classes in class 10 your certificate that alkenes like methane ethane propane butane they undergo substitution reaction for that is an interpretor substitution means you cannot add you can substitute means suppose if you go hydrogen and in place of that you bring chlorine sorry like this reaction you studied in class 10 hydrogenation ch4 plus CL 2 in presence of that is UV light this H nu missive minute so what is ready ch3cl plus HCl that is hydrogenation protonation usury sorry Delia you see this is meeting between alkenes in any the name ends in and makes it is alkane correct paraffins the Sun is beating so verifying here that I removed one hydrogen and in place of that I've added chlorine what is that substitution this is called a substitution reaction because I cannot increase the number but again supports carbon will have maximum four dots because why the having four bonds it assigns five is getting stable dr. Michelle is having eight electrons with his octet structure hence it gets staple guidance it becomes stable she cannot a fight bonsoir him says sir I will have five bonds ha how it is possible more than eight electrons it is not possible without emotion neither you can have six but he ends it three bonds because it will have six electrons in the outermost shell three bonds one six electrons five bond so it's ten electrons four bonds we can say it electrons and eight means it is stable okay it is a stable structure all right how promotion is stable compound is stable arena are you following so this is not a substitution reaction you can see yeah very clear we have removed by another in place of that a proper clothing and that hydrogen which are removed from here it combines with another chlorine to form it seal this is for substitution substitute and removing hiding place of that I am putting chlorine so hence why I alkanes undergo substitution I say because saturated already dissatisfied if you see the structure here I'm gonna comes here for bonds for hydrogen it already satisfied you can charge any satisfied family is also satisfied buttocks answer is high means sorry so all the alkenes are called as a effects and for that it is less reactive because it is already satisfied already it is stable already saturated if you wonder it should react then it will react under certain conditions like here it requires what is that UV light or diffuse sunlight it reacts it requires and hence it undergoes substitution rate not any other reactions all right now I think it's clear more effect as I said you that all this is chapter al can you be studying a chapter don't think a mere ending alkene here you be studying alligators chapter in class 11 and in says another chapter hinges on this chapter will be sitting one chapter all right at that time you know more details about it it's not one reaction you will see so many reactions are there all right so just we have started remembering more than five lakhs of organic compounds are there so how it can be a small one it's a huge huge branch of chemistry now and things and him Solana's olefins only things things what we come pops OD this compound sir so alkenes mix it has got carbon-carbon double bond already ascended smoker you alkenes means it has got carbon-carbon single bond so he has got carbon carbon double bond as can see and incense yeah so as it has got double bond so hence it will undergo what sort of reaction that is addition reaction for that is an X for unsaturated means it is not satisfied yes because double bond can be still broken all right without the changing the structure I can still break it this one and I can bring it where I can bring it one bond here I can bring one one pit pair of electron here because it will share with to monitor it another attack may be hydrogen or maybe chlorine or any other item near roses in in this carbon will share with any other but it and it will form word against a there is saturated compound so saturated compounds undergoes addition reaction they become saturated now look here look here at the book see it ch2 double bond CH - alright competency ch2 carbon is having how many got to consider than 200 so for here it is two bonds are 204 so it will combine with hydrogen you have studied this reaction also in presence of nickel and 525 Kelvin let us see what will happen you see this bond will break up and what you get ch3 single bond CH now if I draw the structure and show it to you it will be dis si si si si - si can you sign side double bond now but it forms C is three single consciously I draw the structure and shortly see what happens you have having already this it how did you see it what it is now this one see what will activate this one has remove and I will bring it here and here it's a one bond breaks up to 200 actually what happens is that here this carbon is having one electron this electron come see this carbon has four one electron this electron comes here and this electron it gets wrong for one another integer you see it and this electronic comes from another gorilla understood apply the common sense don't think the two breaks have to give one breaks up to get to now here one electron here one electron these electron comes here and this electron comes here alright and one electron it gets from one man hydrogenerator that's it you see suppose instead of talking you don't get from 2 D suppose bromine so where are we in this way it gets it and it forms what it Trump's unsaturated to saturated how it forms and sorry in addition what I needed here just simply added simply added it just like maths 2+3 5 that's it alright but it gives you the I change different from that of maths but it but again same thing counting only unit count each year Calvin is having 4 here 1 2 3 4 power 0 2 this number one two three four gods because it's the science all right it's not a story that you have to believe them all you need to understand so here you can see it undergoes addition reactions and it's not funny the right is for an unsaturated because it can still the line further double bond we can still break it further and we can make it into a single bond we can suggest this is one example I'd say you'll be studying a chapter at that time you know much more in details all right now nexus alkynes same thing a CTA buddies call it's acetate because the first compound that is your h c triple bond CH which the molecular formula you've studied in lower classes is c2h2 this name is essentially the name of this compound is as situated so from the first member of the series from the alkane series it has got its name but if I recall acetylene because the first member of this alkyne series is called as acetone for that purpose it is for them now don't ask me who has given height is given no there is nothing such we are doing it that's how all right who else even why it is given no name is being given by the Saint is there given it they thought something at them given it all right we don't have to study about why it is being given who is given who ye is your guild in history we are not history this chemistry all right yes sir hence for that particular purpose the name from a geek has come I told you also the name from where it has come from the name of the first compound X C triple bond CH whose molecular form is C - H - all right the name of this compound is for as my acetate or IBC name is it high mean to it propelled on ie so it hyemi in Israel so this is open chain compounds which is ready to sign children saturated saturated we are alkanes which is called as paraffins unexaggerated we are having alkenes and alkynes alkenes are called as olefins on has oily compounds alkynes are called as acetylene because the first member of the series is called as as citable all right and the undergoes which sort of reaction addition why because there's essentially this undergoes water reaction substitution reaction why because it is already saturated they decide side all right here thank you