Q & A Session with Experts at the 17th Rang Fair!

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[00:00:06]Look at the educational programs today.

[00:00:18]>> [music] >> Those two numbers got Royal Arts and Numismatic Gallery Run to YouTube channel for a possible good day.

[00:00:25]Those two How many of you 17 from Peru are there?

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[00:03:08]>> Basically, the ratio between the Yeah, we've been talking about Mughal coins and the quality of coins.

[00:03:14]Uh so, considering coins of Ahmedabad and the strike, the material, and other things, according to you, which ruler produced the best quality coins in uh Ahmedabad?

[00:03:26]>> The quality did not change across right from My study is based on Akbar to Muhammad Akbar. That means starting at around 1570s, '80s, uh 980 Hijri to the time the mint closed in 18 uh in the It stopped production in 1832 or something. In 1836, the mint was closed.

[00:03:48]But, the percentage of silver did not vary. Okay. And uh the quality of die, the quality of strike >> I would say Jahangir was amongst the best.

[00:03:58]>> Amongst the best. And then you have the Maratha rulers started minting coins in Ahmedabad. What about the quality of their coins? Even when other rulers came, there was no change. Like for a short period Ahmedabad where it was taken over by the Nawab of Cambay.

[00:04:15]He took over the control from the Marathas for about a year.

[00:04:19]But there is no change either in the quality of the coin, the design of the coin, except the marks in the scene of the Julus which changed from the ruling entity.

[00:04:33]That means when let's say the Mughals were there, there was a particular design in the scene of the Julus.

[00:04:41]And when the Marathas came in, they introduced the Ankush, the elephant board.

[00:04:47]That was when the Peshwa was in control.

[00:04:51]Then gradually Peshwa started farming out the rights of the Ahmedabad mint.

[00:04:57]Basically like what we have here, here parking here, so they will auction the parking.

[00:05:02]The contractor can collect whatever he gets, but he has to pay a fixed sum to the government.

[00:05:07]Same system.

[00:05:09]Uh there was a governor appointed. He was called Kamavisdar.

[00:05:13]He the position was auctioned.

[00:05:16]He had to pay that fixed amount to the Peshwa and he could collect whatever taxes and revenues that would come from the city.

[00:05:24]So with every change we find a different mark.

[00:05:27]Basically my belief is that that would help that if there was some cheating, they could find out that during whose tenure it had happened.

[00:05:36]Thank you.

[00:05:41]Hello sir. My name is Purva.

[00:05:44]I wanted to ask that during the Mughal period, the Britishers had the controlling rights over the minting mint.

[00:05:52]And so according to you, what significant changes can be seen between coins issued by the later Mughals themselves and those issued by the British East India Company?

[00:06:04]Uh see basically when you say during Mughal rule, no, the British came and started controlling the country much later, almost about 200 years of Mughal rule.

[00:06:15]After that only the British came in.

[00:06:18]In the main mints in the initial period there are no changes.

[00:06:24]After that in various areas they introduced higher percentage of the alloy metals.

[00:06:30]That means they debased the coin and reduced the silver content.

[00:06:36]So that they could align the value of the coin to their British coinage.

[00:06:42]The exchange rate.

[00:06:48]Uh so sir, we are talking about many mints and their differences. So to what extent did they work autonomously or were they completely in control of the center?

[00:06:59]Uh during the Mughal time early Mughal times, that is up to Muhammad Shah, the mints were generally controlled by the central authority. That means from Shahjahanabad or Akbarabad.

[00:07:13]But the minting was done by the local governors.

[00:07:18]In the early period we find that even sometimes the dies used to come from the central authority because the Mughal empire was not so big. At the time of Akbar and the early rulers, it extended only up to Malwa.

[00:07:31]So at that time and there were only six or seven major mints at the time of Akbar. So those were quite often the dies used to come from the center.

[00:07:41]But later on the die cutters spread out and they used to make and you can find those differences at that time.