12th Chemistry II Formation of Haloalkane II Organic Chemistry II by Pandit Sir

[00:00:00]Yes, hello friends, hello to all the students, welcome to my channel Physics Bihar.

[00:00:05]As you had a problem for a few days, after the problem we have come again and continued the class. So what we are going to talk about in today's class is again the formation on formation class which was going on, it was half-finished.

[00:00:20]Therefore, we will continue from the first to the last.

[00:00:24]Again, some children of the formation class, all the children who have joined, please share the video with their friends, please send the link of the video, all the children will join in anyway, okay, so today we are going to talk about the formation of haloalkanes, we will talk about the method of making haloalkanes, we will talk about the method of formation of haloalkanes, so in the method of formation we will first learn, today let us learn about halogenation once again, as we had given some classes on halogenation, how halogenation happens.

[00:01:00]But let us again talk about halogenation.

[00:01:04]So pay attention Ganesh Kumar ji. Okay, let's pay attention to what it is?

[00:01:10]What happens in halogenation? In halogenation, we get the alkane halogenated.

[00:01:14]What happens in the alkene is that the hydrogen of the alkene is pulled out and the halogen is attached.

[00:01:19]As you can see here that I have taken a simple alkane and added halogen to it, so along with the halogen, one hydrogen is coming out and along with it, another halogen is also getting added. Sir, what will be its name? Its name will be halomethane. What will its name be? Halomethane.

[00:01:36]Then what are we to do? This process has to be done until hydrogen is completely removed from an organic compound.

[00:01:42]Then what we have to do is that we will bring the product halomethane which was formed and then react it with x, x2 with halogen, so our xch ch2 x2 is going to be formed, we will call it dihalo dihalomethane, what do we call it, it is called dihalon, then what we have to do is we will again react the dihalon with halogen, then what will we get, we will get haloform, what will we get, we will get haloform, haloform is a very essential and suitable halo alkane, its use is what we call tri halogen haloalkane. Its very detailed uses are given later and then when we react the haloform again with x2, what will be formed? The carbons are going to become carbon tetra halides.

[00:02:29]Carbon tetrahalide is about to be formed.

[00:02:31]Ok? Carbon tetrahalide is going to be formed here. Let all the children who are connected write their names once and show which children have come to the class.

[00:02:39]Let's get here to talk to people.

[00:02:44]What are we going to talk about in the next step? So Master, see that I take another CH4.

[00:02:49]And I just get it reacted with Cl2.

[00:02:52]As you might have seen the mechanism of reaction in the previous class. What is going to happen? So hydrogen is going to be released and halogen is going to be added. Hydrogen is about to be released.

[00:03:02]Halogen is going to be installed. Sir, what will be the condition? One H will come out from it, it will form HCl with Cl and along with it CH3 Cl will be formed. Then sir what will be its name? Its name will be chloromethane. What will its name be? Chloromethane is going to be its name.

[00:03:18]Then what we will do is we will bring CH3Cl and react it with Cl2 again.

[00:03:24]Okay, here write the name Donst, Bua, whatever the name is, write the name, okay, if you do n't write it without the name, then proceed further, okay, then we will make it react with Cl, then one H will come out, one H will come out, yes, those children who did not understand all the things that have been told till now, a video has been uploaded before, please watch it, it has been explained there, we will talk about it in the next reaction, for now you should watch that video, then you will understand it very well here, okay, then what will happen is that we will take H new, keep the presence of light, bring light here and what will we do, we will take out one more H, we will make HCL with one Cl and it will become CH2Cl2, what will be its name, dichloro dichloromethane, what will be its name, dichloromethane, its name is going to be, then what will I do, I will take CH2Cl2 and then make it react with Cl2, H new is present, then one H will come out. Will form HCL with Cl and will form CHCl3.

[00:04:29]CHCl3 is named chloroform.

[00:04:32]Sir, it is the same chloroform which if smelled will make people unconscious.

[00:04:37]We can use chloroform to make you unconscious by smelling it.

[00:04:39]Believe it or not, some children who do not study will become something in the future. Isn't it? What will the thieves do? Will stop someone on the way. We will throw a handkerchief in front of his nose and the smell of chloroform will settle in his nose, he will fall down and all his money will be looted and he will go away. Can do.

[00:04:53]Kids do it. Isn't it? Those who don't read do the same.

[00:04:57]Those who are going to read it write their name in the comment, which no one has written yet.

[00:05:01]Let us come forward. So there's going to be CHCl3.

[00:05:04]Chloroform will then be reacted with Cl2.

[00:05:06]Then sir, the same thing will happen.

[00:05:08]One H will form HCL with Cl. Now see, where is the H after one H comes out? H is completely finished. And this is going to be CCL4 i.e. carbon tetrachloride. What is going to happen? Carbon tetrachloride is going to be formed. So, that's our thing, right?

[00:05:24]This was its complete reaction. Ok?

[00:05:26]Carbon tetrachloride is going to be formed. As the meaning is very simple. Know again what we have to do? Whenever we get halogenation done, what should we do after getting halogenation done, sir? Actually what we have to do is to collect all the organic compounds, be it methane, ethane or propane. We have to carry out halogenation of alkane only. So there in alkane you will get methane, ethane, propane, butane.

[00:05:50]So will we remove hydrogen from it and add halogen? Hydrogen will add to the halogen outside.

[00:05:56]Understood? Come on, tell me once, is it clear? What to do there? We have done the same thing in every process that you have been told what has been done to hydrogen? Has been removed. Halogen has been installed.

[00:06:07]Hydrogen has been extracted. Halogen has been installed. I have done a simple job.

[00:06:10]What has happened to hydrogen? Has been taken out.

[00:06:12]Halogen installed. Let us move on to the second method. Second is from alcohol. We are going to make people react with alcohol. Keep in mind that when we make people react with alcohol, what will be the reaction with alcohol? You guys have to pay attention to this. Ok? Okay, yes. Let's see it. It is looking good. Isn't it? Now sir, what should I do here? Take care. First of all we have to bring a ROH ROH is called alcohol. Is this what we have? There is alcohol. Ok? Then what to do? I will tell you all the reactions gradually. Ok? One after another, second after third, such reactions will keep coming.

[00:06:54]What will we do here first? I will bring one. Concentrated HCl Sir why did you not start with HF? The question arises why did you not start with HF? So we are telling you that the bond between H and F is very strong and it is not easy to break strong things.

[00:07:16]No, if something is strong then we will not be able to break it. The same thing is that the HF bond is very strong. That's why we won't be able to break it. We will bring the sal and here we will bring one which is waterless.

[00:07:29]What will you bring? It is anhydrous, right? We will take anhydrous ZnCl2 as a catalyst, sir, what will happen to this H? I will indicate from here, sir, will this OH go away with this H? Will it go away as H2O?

[00:07:47]Sir, what is this going to be formed?

[00:07:50]This is going to be formed here, RCL, which we call chloro alkane, meaning sir, we have got the halo alkane, sir, we have got the haloalkane, many congratulations, we have got the haloalkane in a very simple way.

[00:08:03]Now sir, what do we have to write here? So, with a little help from the language, we can write that Sir, we will write this alcohol that when to whom alcohol, when to whom alcohol with whom?

[00:08:16]with concentrated HCl with concentrated HCl.

[00:08:20]In whose present?

[00:08:25]In which of anhydrous anhydrous ZnCl2? In the presence of what, what do we do in the presence of anhydrous ZnCl2, Guru ji, what do we do when we react, what do we get, we get not halo alkane, we get chloro alkane, what do we get here, we get chloro alkane, what do we get, chloro alkane, what is chloro alkane, what is chloro alkane, what is obtained, what is chloro alkane, it is obtained, when when we react alcohol with concentrated HCL, which is in the presence of anhydrous ZnCl2, then we will get chloro alkane.

[00:09:04]Know one more thing. Sir, please know one more thing that the concentrated HCL here is concentrated HCL. Concentrated HCL which is this and anhydrous and sir which one? Anhydrous. Concentrated HCL and who sir? Anhydrous ZnCl2 is. It is commonly known as Lucas reagent. That is, Guruji, this is its name.

[00:09:30]Whose name is Lucas reagent Guruji? So what do we call the combination of concentrated HCL and anhydrous Cl2? Lucas reagent So this is the Lucas reagent. One more thing, a test is done with Lucas reagent which is called Lucas test.

[00:09:46]A test is done with Lucas reagent which is called Lucas test.

[00:09:51]What happens in Lucas test sir? In the Lucas test, what will 1 degree, 2 degrees and 3 degrees bring? Will bring the alcohol. If it is 3 degrees of alcohol, then it will give Lucas test in seconds. Will make a white PPT and give it in the product. If suppose it is 2 degrees, meaning there is alcohol, then when they do Lucas test on it, it will take minutes to make white PPT.

[00:10:15]And when we talk about 1°, it will not give white PPT. Then what do we have to do? Will have to heat it.

[00:10:21]After warming up, he will give eight pt. Okay Amit Yadav ji, hi is it? Okay, that's great. Keep adding such children.

[00:10:26]Add all the children. At least if all the children join, they will benefit.

[00:10:31]Because what is there here is that if you have known, learnt and understood this topic in the class.

[00:10:37]So I say it again and again, I say it a thousand times, I say it a million times.

[00:10:41]Organic is not a one-time thing. You should keep reading it regularly, keep revising it, keep reading it, keep revising it. Only then will organic become your partner and support you.

[00:10:50]If you leave it, do not revise it, do not ask it again, then organic will become your enemy and not your friend.

[00:10:56]Therefore, keep adding all the children you have. Come on, say comment here, I understood the topic, please comment on it. Don't do it on that. Okay, right?

[00:11:05]Someone tell me what do you do? Did you come after eating food or not? Don't comment on this. Ok? So what are we going to talk about here? What are we going to talk about here? So look, we have to take an example. For example, suppose there is CH3, CH2, OH. Sir what is this CH3 CH2OH? This CH3 CH2OH that we have is a two carbon alcohol. Two carbons are called eth.

[00:11:32]For single bond we will use N.

[00:11:34]All for alcohol. It is ethanol, sir.

[00:11:36]You must have heard the name of E20 now. Every child has heard the name E20. But keep in mind that if alcohol is mixed in petrol above E20 then the engine of the vehicle gets seized.

[00:11:47]Now look, now you will be surprised to know that the E20 petrol which you are hearing about is available only from 2022.

[00:11:55]But when did people come to know what is there? When it is fully known. I came to know about it 20-25 days ago.

[00:12:01]Before this, people's vehicles did not have any problems.

[00:12:03]Sir, E20 petrol is being mixed since 2022 and it has been told somewhere that the benefits are not that much harmful but some petrol sellers mix petrol with more than E20 and that is the disadvantage so this is a mixture of ethanol which we have just seen the formula sir what is the formula of ethanol CH3CH2 and what is OH it is CH3CH2OH send ethanol to us you have to send ethanol you have to drink ethanol write it is a strange boy understand come on so what to do with it we will react it with concentrated HCL sir it will be the same which is anhydrous anhydrous anhydrous see it is niljala in the village it is anhydrous it is anhydrous which is anhydrous so ZnCl2 is anhydrous sir what will happen did you see it some time ago sir it will go out what will go out by becoming H2O it will go out by becoming water. Isn't it? H+ of HCL and OH- of alcohol will come out as water. Then what will be left? So CH3 CH2 and Cl will remain.

[00:13:13]Its name will be chloroethane. What will happen? It will be chloroethane. Similarly, there is a mixture in petrol also.

[00:13:21]Whatever is there is mixed with petrol.

[00:13:24]What do you call this? Ethanol is produced through a gasoline process. That's it, right? Which process takes place? Gasline. Let us know this also. Isn't it? Gasline processes occur. Did you understand it once? I repeat once again that when any alcohol is reacted with concentrated HCL in the presence of anhydrous ZnCl2, then Guru ji only RCL is formed. Okay, if you understand then say yes once. So it is written there, we have also written the language. Okay, yes, very good.

[00:13:47]Ganesh on Ganesh Prakash Ganesh Prasad ji your way of reading is good. Look, this is a very unfair thing. 10 to 15 children are involved.

[00:13:54]But your like section is running empty. This is not right. Ok? There should be likes. Okay, right? There should be likes. It should be liked a lot.

[00:14:02]All the children who are connected, please like it a lot. Isn't it? There should be no shortage of likes. There should be likes. Ok? All the children who are connected, suddenly start liking. Every child should start liking it. Once again I will tell you that when R becomes alcohol, our ROH will react it with concentrated HCL in the presence of anhydrous ZnCl2, chloro alkane is formed and what do we call this concentrated HCL and anhydrous ZnCl2? Lucas test is called Lucas reagent.

[00:14:30]What would the Lucas test be? There is a way to identify 1°, 2° and 3° alcohols. In which sir, what did I tell you?

[00:14:36]In which I explained how 1° would be identified? So the way to identify 1 degree is that when we do something about 1 degree with locus test, what will we do, saying something means that if we get the test done, then if there is a little hesitation in giving white PPT, then it will give late, no, it will give late, it means it will give after heating, but if we get 2 degree done, then it will give white PPT after rubbing, then it will give in abundance, it will keep giving white PPT, it will keep giving always, so what should we call it, let's wait for 1 minute, yes and if we get 3 degree done, then see, I am saying it one more time.

[00:15:09]Ok? Once again I am saying that all the children who are connected, please like the video once. I don't like it, friend.

[00:15:14]Very few people like it. Everyone is connected.

[00:15:16]So many children are involved. Amit is connected. Ganesha is associated. Light connected. What children are involved?

[00:15:22]But no one is liking it.

[00:15:24]So what do we do then?

[00:15:25]Seconds. Let's talk about seconds. Ok? Let's talk about seconds. Now look, this reaction was given a name. Was named Sir Special. A scientist had brought this reaction after investigating it. That's why this reaction was named, Sir, what was the name given to this reaction? This reaction was named Grove reaction. What name was given?

[00:15:46]Grob reaction. Keep in mind what is the name of this reaction? Grob reaction. And I have already said this not many times, not many times, but a thousand times that naming reaction is as important for you as salt is required in food or vegetables. Okay, right? Similarly, naming reaction is important for you. One or the other naming reaction is going to get stuck in the exam. It is going to be printed on the board. It is going to be published from this class. Okay, right? Let's talk then. Let's talk about B.

[00:16:11]In B we come and say that sir, he has brought ROH.

[00:16:13]Look, know one more thing. Sir, what do you want to know? There is a difference between HCL and HBr. It's a terrible difference. What is the difference?

[00:16:22]That the bond between H and Cl is a little bit stronger there. There is a slightly stronger bond. But the bond between H and Br in HBr is weaker than in HCL. Which bond is stronger in HCl than in HBr? Is weak. So here I use H2SO4 as the anhydrous agent, that is, to break the bond.

[00:16:43]Whose? I use H2SO4. I will definitely teach you. Why won't Neeraj sir teach? I will definitely teach you. But he will come when his timing is right. Will come at 7:30.

[00:16:53]Ok? For now, you all enjoy the chemistry. Isn't it? Keep coming here to meet me. Isn't it? So what did I say then, what will you do with alcohol?

[00:17:02]Guruji, what will be formed when you react alcohol with HBr? Something will definitely be made. Isn't it? See, OH here will combine with H and form water. And sir, did the one who survived survive? RBr will be formed. What will happen?

[00:17:15]RBr. That's what RBR is. This will be called alkyl bromide or bromo alkane.

[00:17:21]Bromo alkane. Ok? What will you write to this? Bromo alkane. What will you write to this?

[00:17:25]Bromo alkane. Alkyl bromide or bromo alkane is its name. Isn't it?

[00:17:34]Come on, what will its name be? Bromo alkane.

[00:17:36]Its name will be alkyl bromide or bromo alkane.

[00:17:38]For example, if we talk about the reaction, then see the reaction is CH3 CH2OH and if we add HBr here then it will become H2SO4, what will it become H2SO4, from here OH will come out from here H will come out as H2O, so this will become CH3CH2Br Sir, what was its name? Just a while ago, I said that this is ethanol mixed in E20 and sir, what is this, this is our bromoethane, what is its name, bromoethane, what is its name, what is its name, bromoethane, what is its name, ok, what is its name, bromoethane, what is its name, next we are going to talk, next we are going to talk about C number, what will come in C, that is ROH will come and we will react it with HI, so sir, when we react it with HI, then see, the bond between HI becomes weak, sir, it is a simple thing. Now listen to a song. Look, our simple ones are telling one thing. Ok?

[00:18:32]Suppose if it is HF then the shape of H and this is the shape of F, if it is HCL then this is the shape of H and this is the shape of Cl. If it's HBr, it's H-shaped, right? This H is smaller in size, isn't it? This is the shape of H.

[00:18:46]And Sir just next to it this Br size.

[00:18:49]So sir, please know one thing that it is small in size.

[00:18:52]If we bring this small size to HI then this is the size of H and this is the big size. So what it means is that it is of small size and same age.

[00:18:59]When they are of the same age, the friendship will be strong and as they are of different ages, the friendship will become weaker. Or we can understand that he is rich and this one is a little richer than him. He surpassed that and it became the most money-making one.

[00:19:11]So friendship between poor and poor is good.

[00:19:14]But friendship between rich and poor is not good. Isn't it? Friendship between rich and poor is not good. So what do you call what is there? What is the middle bond of HI? It becomes weak. What happens? It becomes weak. The bond between HI.

[00:19:26]Oh, now everything gets completely related.

[00:19:29]So what will we do from here that who will come out from here sir? This will release OH and H. What will this make? Water will create it. And this will happen RI what will happen to us? RI will be done. So we will call it Aido. What will you say? Iodo alkane.

[00:19:45]What are you going to say to this? Iodo is going to say alkane. So this will become an iodo alkane. Let's take a reaction. I get a quick reaction with this.

[00:19:53]Sir, what will be your reaction? So this is CH3, CH2 and H2OH. Now there are three carbons with OH attached to them. So prop has three carbons and if we add N and OL to prop then it will become propanol. What will happen? It will become propanol and if I react it with HI then whatever is there with HI will come out. It will come out as H2O.

[00:20:17]So what will happen? This CH3 CH3 CH2 CH2 and this will become ours, we will call it iodopropane, what will we call it iodopropane, this has become iodopropane, yes we understood, you come at that time, okay, for now, pay attention to what is going on, yes, no, pay attention, then wait for that time, you are here, so what was our first, our first reaction was very important, very simple, very comfortable and we can say that comfortable, you will feel that what is there in the group reaction, the reaction of alcohol will be done with concentrated HCL, only then chloro alkane is going to be formed.

[00:20:57]Then we gave some reaction, in this we told you one thing that what is concentrated HCL and what is ZnCl2 which is anhydrous, what do we call it? Lucas Reagent says. And then what did I do? With HBr, that is, ROH was reacted with HBr. Then what happened?

[00:21:12]What we made is bromoethane. So this is some term of reaction. Isn't it? Okay, okay kids, we are saying it again, saying it once more, requesting that you who are connected, must like our video once, you guys don't like it, you guys join but do n't like it, see now, the show is running on 19th but people are not liking it, kids, let us move ahead, when we say further, there will be more reaction of alcohol, saying extra reaction means that it is useful for you, we will not bring any reaction which is useless for you, the first reaction is with you, it is done that you have ROH. It is ROH and let's say its reaction will be done with PCL3. What is the number of Cl? The number of Cl that is, right?

[00:21:58]What is the number of Cl? The number of Cl is three. So it will be multiplied by three here. And when multiplied by three. What are these going to become when multiplied by three? So look, be careful here. Three of them are O, three of them are H. So we will write three Go H one Go P and three Go so O3 H3PO3 there are some children in our class who can tell the name of H3PO3 there are some children anyone who can tell what is the name of H3PO3 so for now what will we do here this will be formed R Cl3 time let me talk about a reaction some children Amit Kumar Yadav Ajit Kumar Hi Sir Ajit very good Ajit has joined. Are there any kids who can name H3PO3? Isn't it?

[00:22:44]Tell me what will its name be? Like if we talk about an example. CH3 CH2OH remains ours. This is called ethanol.

[00:22:52]What do you say? It's called ethanol. And we will make it react with PCL3. Will react with PCL3.

[00:22:57]So what will happen sir? First, H3PO3 will come out.

[00:23:00]And sir, three times CH3CH2 CL is going to become chloro propane, Guruji three times pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pro no pro chloro propane will be formed, chloro propane sorry not propane, it has only two carbons.

[00:23:20]How did we count three, chloroethane will be formed.

[00:23:23]What will happen? Chlorothane Ajit Kumar ji will say once again and request you to at least like it before leaving. Ok?

[00:23:41]Sunny Arya here, hello sir. Hello aunt. Ok.

[00:23:43]Hello there. Hello to all the children. You should concentrate on your studies. Let no child write its name in the comments. I will tell you the comment.

[00:23:49]Its name is ortho phosphorus acid. What is the name of H3PO3? Ortho Phosphorous Acid. What is the name of H3PO3? Ortho Phosphorous Acid. Let's talk about the next one. Let's say this was D number. D number that C was there. If it comes in F number then sir it is ROH and if the reaction is done with PCL5 then sir what is going to be formed? With whom do you get the reaction done? So what's going to happen with PCL5? Now pay attention sir, what is going to happen? So write ROH down like this. R and OH PCl Cl Cl Cl Cut it like this. Is it okay sir, what did you make? RCL was formed. What became of RCL after all? HCL was formed. And Sir, what is POCl3 made here? POCl3 What is made here?

[00:24:37]What is POCl3 made of? POCl3 is formed.

[00:24:42]Yes. The child's name is Amit Kumar Yadav. This is Ajit Kumar. It's Sunny. Isn't it? What is made? Let me talk about an example like POCl3.

[00:24:50]See what it is? If you have CH3CH2OH and react it with PCL5 then you will get CH3CH2 CL + HCl and plus POCl3 will be formed.

[00:25:04]Let's have the same reaction, same meaning you don't have to do anything in the reaction. Keep this cutting term in mind, how we have cut it. Isn't it? Look at the way it has been cut, you might be wondering how did you get it sir, so let me cut it once and tell you. Suppose I will write it like this.

[00:25:18]CH3 CH2OH and PCL5 have to be applied in this manner. You all already know. Isn't it? You guys know everything. Cut it. Let's write down what's left after cutting. Sir, this was ethanol.

[00:25:32]What did this become? Chlorothane. No need to write it every time.

[00:25:34]Hello sir. Yes. Okay, fine. No need to write the name every time.

[00:25:38]Ok? You already know it. Let us move ahead.

[00:25:40]Ok. Let's move ahead. And sir, what will you study next? Now let's move on to the Darken reaction. Darjan Now let's talk about Sir Darjan reaction. This will be the F number. Number six is ​​the Dargen reaction in the formation of alcohols. Satyam Hello Sir. Hello Hello. Ok? We will talk about Darjan reaction.

[00:26:00]What is Darzen reaction sir? So first of all see and understand. We will take an R group again. We will get it reacted with OH.

[00:26:08]And here SOCl2 it is called thionyl chloride. What do you call this? Thionyl chloride.

[00:26:17]What is the name of SOCl2? With thionyl chloride.

[00:26:19]Now sir will get its reaction done, then Preedin will be present. In which will you get the reaction done? In the presence of Pridain.

[00:26:31]Write down the reaction in the presence of predine. If you have done writing in class then do n't write it. If you haven't read it, please take a screenshot. Now write it like this. Okay, right?

[00:26:40]In this way, double R O H S, put Cl here, put Cl here and cut it, sir, what all will come in RCL plus HCL plus H2O, okay, these are going to come.

[00:26:59]Now sir, what should I do here? So let me write its reaction as an example. CH3 CH2 and here is OH. If you want to react with SOCl2 then it will become CH3 CH2 Cl+ HCl + H2O Yes sir, please see how to break it. CH3 is CH2 OH. S is doubled O. Here is Cl, here is Cl. Cut it like this. Ok?

[00:27:43]Where is Shadipur? Aunt Satyam Kumar ji, which Shadipur are you talking about? We do not have any information and Ajit Kumar ji, please write whatever you read in the comment section again and again.

[00:27:56]Ok?

[00:28:02]Write what you read in the comment section. Yes Shadipur, which place Shadipur? Isn't it? I know Shadipur. I know a lot of Shadipur. Let's look further.

[00:28:13]So what should we write here? Isn't it? What will you write here? We will write that when alcohol is converted into thionil, what is its name, Babu? Thionil.

[00:28:33]What is the name of SOCl2? Thionyl chloride.

[00:28:38]What is? Pyridine with SOCl2. If the reaction is carried out in the presence of parabens, alkyl chloride is obtained. Okay, that's it. Let me read the comments. Satyam Kumar ji, you are speaking from Shadipur. Have you come to Shadipur? Shadipur Shadipur Which Shadipur are you talking about?

[00:29:28]Sir, please name the child. I am taking the name anyway.

[00:29:30]Ok.

[00:29:32]What should we do if the comments are useless? Now write something good in the comment.

[00:29:34]Write to the reader as you like. Is n't it Amit?

[00:29:44]Write what you want to read in the comments.

[00:29:45]Write down what you are reading. Isn't it? If you understand then please write yes sir once.

[00:29:52]Okay, right? If you understand then please write yes sir once. Isn't it?

[00:30:01]Come on, there is another 15 minutes of class left. Now what you have I go ahead and I go ahead with alkene. With whom? from alkene. I will talk about the third one from alkene.

[00:30:13]From I talk about alkene.

[00:30:17]Sir, there are two types of alkenes. One is symmetric and the other is non-symmetric which is called non-symmetric. We will talk about two types of alkenes: symmetric and asymmetric.

[00:30:27]We make it from Asmit. Ok? So the first one will come into this. The name of the first rule is Marcobani. Marcobani Cobb's Rule.

[00:30:37]Markbani's Rule, i.e. Marknib's Rule, comes and is very important. It is very important. Understood? The rule of Mark Bnikbs is very important.

[00:30:48]Sir, there is nothing to do. It is very simple.

[00:30:50]Consider an unsymmetrical alkene in which the number of carbons on both sides is not equal. There is a double bond here. Look here. One carbon here, two carbons there. There are two carbons on one side of the double bond. There is a carbon on one side. If there is one carbon then it is called asymmetric alkene.

[00:31:04]What do you say? It is called asymmetric alkene.

[00:31:06]Bring the asymmetric alkene and add it to it.

[00:31:09]Whose head is to do yoga? Polar molecules have to be added. That means HBr has to be added. A polar molecule is one that forms ions. What would they be making?

[00:31:19]ions and one of the ions should be hydrogen H plus.

[00:31:21]What should happen? H+. So you see here that break it into two parts.

[00:31:26]One in H plus and one in Br-.

[00:31:30]So what the rule says is that the negative part, the minus part, will go to the one with less carbon and the hydrogen H plus will go to the one with more carbon, so sir, what is going to be formed, what is going to be formed here, see, what is going to be formed with us is CH3 and Br will be attached to CH and this will become CH3, sir, what is its name? Its name is propene and what is its name? Bromopropene.

[00:32:02]Bromo propane. What is the name? Bromo propane. What is made from propene?

[00:32:06]Bromo propane is being formed. Ok? Let me talk about another example. Let me take another example. Ok?

[00:32:13]Just assume that it is CH3, CH2, CH2, sorry it is not CH2 but CH. And what we have in the double bond is CH2. What else is there to do here? HCL has to be added. Whom to add? To HCL. The two parts of HCL, H+ and Cl-, will break the double bond. Ok?

[00:32:35]One carbon on this side of the double bond, three carbons on this side, meaning it is asymmetric somewhere.

[00:32:40]So who will be the one with less? Cl- so this will become CH3 CH2CH, Cl- is added here and it will become CH3 Sir, what do we call this? This is called butene or butane one can also call it this and this sir is made sorry sorry sorry sorry two chloro butane. What is made? Two chlorobutanes are formed.

[00:33:07]We write it down as. Yes, what should we write?

[00:33:14][nasal sound] What would you write as a language? Please pay attention. So we'll write here when the asymmetric asymmetric alkene on the asymmetric alkene which molecule of polar molecule? Polar Molecules Polar HCL is a polar molecule. Addition of polar molecules occurs. If addition takes place then yes sir who is Ajit Kumar ji yes sir then the negative part of the polar molecule gets attached to that carbon atom of the asymmetric alkane.

[00:34:24]I'll read the language again. When a polar molecule of an asymmetric alkene is added to a polar molecule of an asymmetric alkene, the negative part of the polar molecule gets attached to that carbon atom of the asymmetric alkene which has the least number of hydrogens.

[00:34:56]Who has less number of whom? The number of hydrogens is less. Ok?

[00:35:07]Sir was asking this. Isn't it? What is ours? So it is simply that a polar molecule is added to the asymmetric alkene.

[00:35:17]So the negative part of the polar molecule gets attached to the carbon atom of the unsymmetrical alkene which has less number of hydrogens. I did not understand to give an example. what did you say? Just take a look. If you understand then it is a good thing. It is not coming. Okay, you must be understanding it, you must be understanding it well, so should I move ahead, so let me move ahead, I will read further, then what did he understand further?

[00:36:10]Let us describe the rules of Antim Markani Qu.

[00:36:14]Which one will come after the Markvani kick? Anti Markvani. Its opposite rule will be the reverse of this.

[00:36:19]So take this B, that was A.

[00:36:23]What is his name? Anti- Marconi Cobbs Rule.

[00:36:31]Sir, what does this rule say? You please take care. There is nothing to be done in this rule, sir.

[00:36:35]Just turn it upside down. I'll bring a peroxide. Will turn it upside down. For example, suppose it is CH3. CH = CH2 and here we will add HBr. Whom will you add? Add HBr.

[00:36:48]Peroxide will be present. Only whose? of peroxide. Only with the presence of peroxide will the rules become opposite i.e. reverse. What will happen? The minus part, the Br part, will be attached to the carbon with more carbon and the carbon with more hydrogen. What was it at that time that the minus part was connecting to? The one that was joining was the one that had less number of hydrogens. So here we have to reverse it, what only do we have to do? The reverse means Br has to be added to it. So what will happen? Only H has to be added with CH3 CH.

[00:37:19]What should be added to CH2 and then CH2? To Br. Sir, what is going to happen? It's going to be propene.

[00:37:27]And this is going to be bromo propene.

[00:37:30]Bromo propane. Single bunded propane. For example, if we talk about another example, then see CH3 CH2 CH double bond CH2 and here we will bring HCL, H+ and Cl- are going to break.

[00:37:48]Who will be present? Peroxide. Who will stay?

[00:37:50]Peroxide. Sir, what will happen here? So Cl Cl- is going to connect with H2 CH2 so it will become CH3 CH and CH2 and who will connect with CH2 is our Cl- one. So sir, what was its name?

[00:38:05]Butene. What was his name? Butene. And what is the name of the person who turned out to be Sir?

[00:38:10]Chlorobutane. What is the name? Chlorobutane.

[00:38:13]So this is Anti Markobnik's rule.

[00:38:16]What do you have to do? You just have to do the opposite.

[00:38:18]Whose head? Of Marconix's rule. That is, what Sir will write is that whenever the addition of polar anion on asymmetric alkene takes place in the presence of peroxide, then the negative part of the polar anion gets attached to that carbon atom of the asymmetric alkene. The carbon atom which has more number of hydrogen atoms. So what was there in Markmani, I took the carbon with less hydrogen and what is here and what have we done here? The carbon with more hydrogen is taken. Ok? So look at this, let's come here once more. What was our when did we add a polar molecule to the asymmetric alkene.

[00:40:12]Simple is not a catalyst. So the polar reactive part gets attached to that carbon atom of the unsymmetrical alkene which has less number of hydrogens.

[00:40:24]But just when I came here, when I came here, when I added a polar molecule to the asymmetric alkene, whose?

[00:40:31]In the present of peroxide. So what happened here is that the polar ion is attached to the carbon atom of the unsymmetrical alkene which has the highest number of hydrogen atoms. So just do the opposite. It has to be turned upside down and nothing else. Ok?

[00:40:49]Let us do one or two more reactions. Let's do it quickly. I have 5 minutes of time right now, so the reactions will be done in five minutes.

[00:40:56]So sir, what do we have? Number four is on the ether.

[00:41:05]Reaction of PCL5 on ether Reaction of PCL5 means we have to take ether and react it with PCL5, so sir take ether ROR and with whom will we get the reaction done with PCL5, just keep in mind that if it is ROR then PCl Cl Cl Cl and Cl cut it like this, okay so sir what will be formed is RCL twice, twice RCL and plus POCL3 POCL3, maybe you had cut alcohol in the same way but remember in that RCL is formed once and whatever is formed once is formed, our HCL is formed but in ether R is there on both sides. What is the difference? What is the difference that ROH was there and here it is ROR, so this one was giving HCL, this one was giving RCL, this one was giving HCL, now this one has given RCL, so now this one will also give RCL, understand, this is the difference and there is no difference here, yes Butin is saying, so what will we do here, let us see what is there here, let us see again what is there and what is not there, so pay attention, if we talk about an example, then suppose here it is CH3. There is CH2, there is O and there is CH3 and we are going to come with PCL5. So try breaking the reaction. CH3 CH2 O and CH3 P Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl This is cut. So what will happen sir? Once CH3 CH2 Cl was formed, once CH3 Cl was formed and once POCl3 was formed Sir, what was this, its name was ethyl methyl ether, its name was ethyl methyl ether, its name was ethyl methyl ether, right, we will repeat it once, okay Ajit Kumar, good evening sir, good evening, right? I will repeat it once. You please pay attention. I still have some time. Let's repeat what did you do?

[00:43:19]Who should we get it done by first? Halogenation: In the lecture of the previous video, why did I take sunlight in halogenation? I had refuted this.

[00:43:27]If you have not seen the previous lecture today then you should attend that class.

[00:43:32]You will understand why we need light. Then what do we have to do in hegemony? The number of hydrogens in the carbon hydrocarbons has to be reduced. The number of halogens has to be increased. Well, that's what I did, which is to create chloromethane. The dye is made of chloroethane. Chloroform is made. Carbon tetrachloride was formed.

[00:43:50]Okay, right? Then what did I do?

[00:43:53]Made with alcohol. What was the name of the first reaction in alcohol? Grow reaction. What was his name?

[00:43:56]Grove reaction. What happens in the Grove reaction? The alcohol has to be reacted with concentrated HCl in the presence of anhydrous ZnCl2. Which gives chloro alkane. Okay, right? In which you have to remember that concentrated HCL and anhydrous ZnCl2 were called Lucas reagents. what was said? It was called Lucas reagent. Then what did we do? Then we got the reaction done with HBr. The reaction was done with HI and then we got it done with PCL3 in which you got to see ortho phosphorus acid and RCL was seen three times.

[00:44:27]Then we got it done from PCL5.

[00:44:29]When it was done through PCL5, you got to see RCL in it also.

[00:44:34]Yes, we can take PBR5 on PC PCL5.

[00:44:38]Can take PI5. So different reactions, for example, suppose there is ROH and we take PBR5, then what will be the reaction sir? So see what happens? RBr will become here along with HBr and here it will become POBr3.

[00:44:53]This product is going to be made. So we can take this reaction also. Ok? If we talk further, we will talk about alkenes and the Dargen reaction with thiodine is very common. Predine is required in the Dargen reaction.

[00:45:03]If you guys know Pridin then please tell me Pridin's formula in the comments. Isn't it? You have to write in the comment section. You have to write in the comment section, not in the chat.

[00:45:16]Whose? Isn't it? You have to write in the section.

[00:45:18]Write in the section. Preridin's formula. Whose formula? Prejean. of Pridain. What is the formula of Preridin? You have to write in the comment section.

[00:45:26]Okay, if there are biology students, they will make you write it with great difficulty, it is all an idiot, it comes in the exam, so they will make you write it with thionyl chloride. If pyridine is present then alkyl chloride is obtained. Then if we talk, let us talk about alkene.

[00:45:40]How do you react with an alkene? So from alkene we get the first Marconi rule.

[00:45:44]Then they come up with the anti-Markoban rule. Isn't it? Let's bring the rule of Markovnik. Ok? What happens in this? The addition of a polar molecule to the unsymmetrical alkene occurs. The minus part gets attached to the carbon with less hydrogen.

[00:45:57]Then we will bring anti-American rules sometime soon.

[00:45:59]Peroxide: Keep in mind that we cannot use normal peroxide.

[00:46:06]We cannot use normal peroxide. Here we use some derivative product of benzene which will be peroxide. Like we have C6H1 COO and C6H1 CO, what do we call it? Benzoic peroxide. What do you say its name?

[00:46:21]We use benzoic peroxide. Which one do you use? What do we do with benzoic peroxide? Let's use it here.

[00:46:26]Next, we are going to talk about Ether. Ether Pay became simple. Whatever our class is for tomorrow, we will make the topic here. The name of the topic is okay? Halogen exchange reaction. Halogen Halogen Exchange. Isn't it? Tomorrow we are going to study halogen exchange reaction and also do a detailed study of physical properties. We are going to study with concepts. That's all for today. Then we will meet in the next class. You might not have understood the topic which you might have liked.

[00:46:56]Write it once in the comment section. Yes sir, I liked it very much. That's it for today, here we go again.

[00:47:01]See you in the next class. Hail India.