KMIAS - Brahmastra 75 Days Revision Class - Day 40

Added: 2026-05-28

[00:09:19]So, very good morning.

[00:09:23]Those are absent for last classes.

[00:09:26]Questioner classes.

[00:09:29]economy >> [laughter] [clears throat] >> So, today we'll start with geography.

[00:09:45]economy paper one three papers we covered in two days.

[00:09:58]Tell the and climatology fairly very simple direct questions.

[00:10:05]A little cooperation one hour I could have finished the whole paper very easily. So answer first one.

[00:10:11]Read the question and give me the answer.

[00:10:30]Hydrogen and helium were stripped away from the earth during the early stages of atmospheric evolution.

[00:10:37]Yes or no? Yes. Removal in the removal and replacement of your primordial atmosphere and so on. That is the very first step of evolution of your atmosphere and hydrosphere.

[00:10:48]Earth had low gravity and was exposed to intense solar activity.

[00:10:54]Yes.

[00:10:55]What was the reason for stripping away of that particular gases?

[00:10:59]It is not actually low gravity it is the solar flares. Even solar flares in the day it not only stripped the hydrogen and helium from earth but from all terrestrial planets.

[00:11:13]And earth and the other planets couldn't cope up with that because of low gravity. And the air capture panic and all that. So second statement is also true. Hydrogen and helium are relatively very light gases. Yes. So the answer would be option A. Both the statements are correct and they explain the first statement.

[00:11:34]Removal and replacement of primordial atmosphere.

[00:11:49]The Sima zone is known for the surplus availability of acidic material.

[00:11:54]The Sial zone is the source of magma and lava resources. The Nife zone is dominated by heavy metals.

[00:12:06]One ah two and three ah See Sial in the crystal features ah crystal and more or less synonymous we equate with the crystal.

[00:12:21]Crystal and the magma source of the magma crystal clear magma source of the magma.

[00:12:27]Clear than that.

[00:12:28]So Sima layer is known for is the source of magma and lava resources. Sial layer is known for the crystal features continental crust and oceanic crust is known for acidic materials. Silica is a acidic component.

[00:12:44]Upper Sima is known as known for basic.

[00:12:49]So first is wrong second one is wrong only third statement is true.

[00:12:55]Magma source in the crystal clear crystal there in the magma or volcanic and all that.

[00:13:01]Yeah so it is crystal and mostly we equate with the Sial.

[00:13:06]If other than the or say crystal is equal to Sial mantle is equal to Sima in the magma crystal and that statement is wrong.

[00:13:14]More or less we can equate though crystal and it has silica and aluminum as the major component therefore it is referred to as Sial layer. Need not necessarily that upper mantle in the crystal lower crystal is again Sima. Not the entire crystal is only Sial and all that. So in the clarification of the Sima layer it is dominated by heavy metals like nickel and iron. Answer option Clastic sedimentary rocks and non-clastic sedimentary rocks they are formed by the accumulation of materials derived from pre-existing mechanically weathered rocks and non-clastic sedimentary rocks are found in the rocks that have been done by chemical erosion.

[00:14:06]Both the statements are true the very definition of clastic sedimentary rocks and non-clastic sedimentary rocks. Both the statements are correct.

[00:14:17]Option C both one and two.

[00:14:32]Question number four.

[00:14:41]Primary waves can travel through solid liquid and gaseous media with the highest velocity in solids.

[00:14:50]Secondary waves travel only through solids and disappear when passing through liquid regions.

[00:14:57]Yes. The velocity of surface waves or so called the L waves is higher than that of S waves but lower than that of P waves.

[00:15:06]No.

[00:15:08]P waves fastest and then S waves and then the other L waves.

[00:15:14]So third statement is wrong.

[00:15:16]First two are correct.

[00:15:18]Option B one and two.

[00:15:22]P waves S waves seismic waves again a favorite team other than the characteristics and the examples and the time lag and all that important and all that. Okay.

[00:15:34]Solifluction.

[00:15:36]Mass movements related question.

[00:15:38]Solifluction is most commonly observed in which of the following condition?

[00:15:50]And then what?

[00:15:54]Coastal areas. No no no.

[00:15:58]Solifluction creep action or slide action or rapid slow movements rapid movements in the mass movements and broader divide by based on the velocity. Yeah slow movements are creep and fast movements are slide rapid movements. Slowly and all that but it was soil creep soil creep and all that number dry regions and all that. Either way or saturated soil and creep action and all that other than that and all that solifluction. So slow movements upper saturated soil and all that the soil is moist. What could be the reason?

[00:16:31]Rainfall and all that and all that in the periglacial regions and all that. So in that the options of periglacial and all that so we can equate more or less solifluction with the slow down slope movement with a saturated soil due to freezing and thawing. So especially in the periglacial region option B.

[00:16:50]See coastal areas affected by tidal erosion and all that and the other than that tidal erosion and erosion movement.

[00:16:58]Arid region deserts and all that and all that. Okay.

[00:17:01]Consider the following statement with regard to the volcanic landforms.

[00:17:07]Composite volcanoes are characterized by eruptions of more viscous lava than basalt.

[00:17:18]Composite volcanoes are strato volcanoes from the complex and all that in my mind the volcano and all that more than my mind of the picture in the mountain system and all that and all that.

[00:17:32]Ah Either less viscous or more viscous or more than that.

[00:17:37]More viscous or other than that and all that more eruptive nature and all that less viscous and all that flow and all that more or less so smooth and sheet like flows.

[00:17:49]Okay. So this is composite volcanoes are strato volcanoes are characterized by eruptions more viscous lava than basalt.

[00:17:58]Calderas can only result from less explosive volcanic activity.

[00:18:05]What are calderas?

[00:18:10]What is the mouth of a volcano is known as?

[00:18:14]Vent in the neck the pipe and all that vent the mouth of a volcano.

[00:18:19]Crater. Crater So a collapsed crater or an enlarged crater is referred to as calderas.

[00:18:27]Mostly in the mouth and all that explosive nature and all that extensive and all that develop and all that. So only and all that the wrong.

[00:18:35]Calderas can also cause cause due to collapsing of a volcano and also in base in more explosive volcanic activity. So second statement wrong. The Deccan traps of India are an example of a flood basalt province.

[00:18:52]Deccan traps is a plateau.

[00:18:55]Central eruptive volcanoes and all that and all that volcanic cone form and all that.

[00:19:00]Basalt and all that and all that flood thin sheet like flow and all that volcanic and all that more than that spread and all that upper than the thick layers of volcanic sediments resulting in plateau formation. So plateau and all that and all that flood basalt province. So third statement is true. Answer and all that.

[00:19:17]One and three.

[00:19:20]Option B one and three.

[00:19:29]Which of the following factors are responsible for variation in horizontal distribution of pressure?

[00:19:40]Air temperature directly related to pressure and temperature earth's rotation presence of water vapor all factors. Yes. All factors are responsible for variation in horizontal distribution of pressure.

[00:19:58]Which of the following layers of atmosphere is responsible for ionosphere?

[00:20:08]Consider the following features of China type of climatic region.

[00:20:19]Year-round influence of onshore trade winds.

[00:20:24]Yes, that is true. Fairly uniform annual distribution of rainfall.

[00:20:30]Uniform distribution meaning in that area.

[00:20:33]More or less maxima summer maxima in the winter maxima in the winter area. Winter maxima in the climate in that area.

[00:20:48]Mediterranean type. Mostly generally all climates except some of the climates have summer maxima. And climate China type even though rainfall is throughout, there is no season without rainfall. We have a peak period and it is in summers.

[00:21:04]So summer maxima in the climate in that China type of climate. Upper fairly uniform annual distribution of rainfall in that area.

[00:21:11]Could be a wrong statement.

[00:21:14]Even though fairly I'm being ready generally stick my neck out but it has summer maxima. China has summer maxima.

[00:21:20]So answer A one only.

[00:21:25]Equatorial type of climate fairly uniform annual distribution of rainfall with double peaks.

[00:21:34]Equatorial type of climate speciality two peaks it has two peaks.

[00:21:41]Question number 10.

[00:21:45]Extra-tropical cyclones can form over both land and oceans.

[00:21:51]Yes, extra-tropical are nothing but your They generally move from west to east under the influence of westerly winds.

[00:22:02]In the northern hemisphere, extra-tropical cyclones rotate in anti-clockwise direction.

[00:22:12]Yes or no, now tell me.

[00:22:18]A and C.

[00:22:24]Anti-cyclones northern hemisphere clockwise.

[00:22:28]Cyclones northern hemisphere anti-clockwise. So the answer is D 1 2 3.

[00:22:45]Consider the following. How many of the above factors contribute for making Earth a habitable planet?

[00:22:53]Optimal distance from the Sun, appropriate mass and size, Earth's magnetic field.

[00:23:00]All all factors.

[00:23:05]Either What are Goldilocks zones and so on and so forth UPSC question P by Q Goldilocks zones in that area.

[00:23:17]Sun and a particular distance in that area.

[00:23:20]Hot and cold in that area. Particular distance in that area cold and hot.

[00:23:26]So the optimum distance in that area where Sun's energy is much more habitable thing. So in that area in that area.

[00:23:35]Earth in that area. In that area.

[00:23:37]Mars possibility of life in that area experiment in that area. Reason in that area. In that zone in that area. In that Goldilocks zone in that area. In that area.

[00:23:47]In that star in that area. Planet system in that area. In that area. In that Goldilocks zone in that area. Favorable in that area. So life forms alien species in that area. Possibilities Okay, we can found in the Goldilocks zone. Answer is C all three.

[00:24:03]Consider the following statements.

[00:24:05]Orographic movements, epeirogenic movements, earthquakes, plate tectonic movements.

[00:24:12]How many of the above are considered a part of diastrophic processes that build up portions of the Earth's crust?

[00:24:34]Identify the diastrophic processes which are land building processes.

[00:24:45]Land building processes are endogenetic.

[00:24:50]Diastrophic processes which are in the land wearing process in the land lowering process in that area.

[00:24:56]Exogenetic in that area. So simple in that area. Identify the endogenetic processes.

[00:25:01]How many of them are endogenetic?

[00:25:07]All all of them are endogenetic processes and endogenetic processes are diastrophic in nature.

[00:25:15]All exogenetic in that area.

[00:25:19]Land wearing processes.

[00:25:21]Endo is further divided into two.

[00:25:29]Diastrophism and sudden events.

[00:25:32]Earthquake in that area. Earthquake.

[00:25:35]Sudden events in that area.

[00:25:37]So endogenetic diastrophic process in that area. In that area.

[00:25:41]Earthquake in that area. Sudden sudden.

[00:25:45]All in that area. All in that area.

[00:25:49]Earthquake in that area. So the answer would be epeirogeny, orogeny and plate tectonic movements. And earthquakes are the major possibility causes is tectonism.

[00:26:02]Only three.

[00:26:09]Again a direct question. Explain the term which abyssal plains.

[00:26:20]Option B.

[00:26:24]Ocean related in that area. Extensive ocean in that area.

[00:26:28]Extensive ocean flat plains located between continental margins and mid-oceanic ridges. Abyssal plains.

[00:26:46]Consider the following and how many of the above tectonic plates are located along the Ring of Fire.

[00:26:56]Ring of Fire in that area. In that plate margin.

[00:26:59]Pacific plate convergent plate margin.

[00:27:02]So identify the plates which are in Pacific Ocean.

[00:27:05]Juan de Fuca plate the smallest minor plate Nazca plate Nazca and Coco plate in that area.

[00:27:13]Primarily responsible for the formation of Andes mountains. Pacific plate plate per se does not collide with your South American plate. Nazca and Coco plate so in that area.

[00:27:23]Philippines plate on the eastern side.

[00:27:26]Somali plate African plate in that Africa Indian Ocean in that area. So in that area.

[00:27:32]Answer is only three.

[00:27:39]Again a repetition question variation of horizontal distribution of pressure. All three are the answer.

[00:27:47]Which of the following layers of the atmosphere has the lowest recorded temperature?

[00:27:55]Mesosphere.

[00:27:58]Mesosphere.

[00:28:06]Which of the following parts of the continental margin has the highest biological productivity?

[00:28:13]Continental shelves.

[00:28:15]Continental shelves.

[00:28:18]Shelves and slopes. And what could be the reason why the productivity is more?

[00:28:25]The shallowness be extended version which is very shallow.

[00:28:29]Availability of sunlight as well as nutrient upwelling by the ocean currents. All three factors makes the continental shelves much more productive than other regions.

[00:28:40]Continental shelves.

[00:28:49]Consider the following statement with reference to the type of soils. Red soil contain a high amount of manganese dioxides. Red soil usually exhibit good drainage and aeration properties. Yellow soil have high amount of organic matter.

[00:29:06]Which of the above statements are correct?

[00:29:12]One and two. Why third statement is wrong?

[00:29:22]Hydrated version or hydrated red soil is your yellow soil. So it does not have high amounts of organic matter.

[00:29:33]So this makes the third statement wrong.

[00:29:35]Yes, manganese dioxide iron in that area. Miscommunicate in that area.

[00:29:41]Iron in that area. Manganese in that area. Manganese in that area.

[00:29:45]Redness in that area.

[00:29:47]Both the statements are true. Answer one and two.

[00:29:53]Question number 18.

[00:30:02]Which of the following types of rainfall is formed where air rises and cools because of a physical barrier? That is your orographic rainfall. Orographic rainfall is also known as No.

[00:30:19]Mountains.

[00:30:22]Mountains are the marker that is well and good. Plateaus, high plateaus will be the outcome. Orographic rainfall will be the very name. Oro means mountain.

[00:30:31]Orographic rainfall is also known as relief rainfall.

[00:30:35]A higher relief order is obtained and it will follow in order to win system.

[00:30:40]It will force the clouds to ascend up.

[00:30:42]So, relief rainfall.

[00:30:53]The largest landlocked country in the world by area.

[00:31:08]Which of the following statements is or are correct with reference to inversion of temperature?

[00:31:14]Temperature inversion again a favorite theme means that I can get one. Yes.

[00:31:21]Caspian Sea.

[00:31:27]You either do Chad Lake Chad Lake consider Mongolia.

[00:31:32]Landlocked land.

[00:31:37]Kazakhstan ask Google Mataji get me the answer.

[00:31:42]Largest landlocked country Kazakhstan.

[00:31:53]Correct. Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country. Thank you. Next one.

[00:31:59]Which of the following statement is or are correct with reference to inversion of temperature?

[00:32:09]Dense fog in winter mornings are caused due to temperature inversion. It is a feature of planes and is not observed on hilly terrains.

[00:32:19]Second one is wrong. Valley inversion of a concept like that.

[00:32:24]>> [clears throat] >> So, it is a feature of both planes and hills.

[00:32:30]Answer A one only.

[00:32:40]You already know the answer.

[00:32:45]Associated mineral copper, Kalgoorlie gold, Utah diamond. How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

[00:33:05]How many of them are rightly matched?

[00:33:08]Only US Utah province is known for copper.

[00:33:14]Copper.

[00:33:17]One of the largest open pit copper mining is in Chile.

[00:33:21]Kalgoorlie is for gold. So, the answer is only two.

[00:33:25]One and two.

[00:33:36]Question number 22. How many states are part of the Konkan Railways network?

[00:33:40]Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Goa.

[00:33:50]That's three.

[00:33:55]Only three. Tamil Nadu is on the western side. Konkan coast is on the east. So, Tamil Nadu is on the eastern side and Konkan coast is on the western coast.

[00:34:17]Arrange the following iron ore mines in India from west to east.

[00:34:22]Mayurbhanj, Durg, Goa, Ratnagiri. I'll make it easy for you. Mayurbhanj is here.

[00:34:28]One of the largest iron ore mines in India, Mayurbhanj.

[00:34:32]Huh?

[00:34:43]Sorry, Odisha Odisha.

[00:34:46]This is Chhattisgarh. This is Odisha.

[00:34:49]My bad. Odisha, Chhattisgarh.

[00:34:56]Jharkhand.

[00:34:58]>> [clears throat] >> And Maharashtra.

[00:35:04]Ratnagiri history we came across with Ratnagiri.

[00:35:09]I know that. Current affairs about them.

[00:35:11]Ratnagiri Udayagiri.

[00:35:13]Lalitgiri a lot.

[00:35:17]Diamond triangle. Yes.

[00:35:19]I don't know if I have a question.

[00:35:21]Arrange the following iron ore mines in India from west to east. State of Gujarat. Give me the answer.

[00:35:40]Option A.

[00:35:43]Option A.

[00:35:46]Mhm.

[00:35:52]Sour crude oil, sweet and sour crude oil.

[00:35:56]Current affairs class more detailed different types of natural gases is found associated with the crude oil in part two. But it's a little bit annoying but crude oil. Sour crude has a higher sulfur content compared to sweet making it difficult and expensive to refine.

[00:36:13]Sour crude despite its higher sulfur content yields higher quality gasoline efficiently. Venezuela is a leading producer of sour crude oil.

[00:36:28]Higher sulfur content, yes. Making it difficult and expensive to refine, true.

[00:36:33]Sour crude it does not yield higher quality gasoline efficiently. No. No.

[00:36:38]Second statement is wrong. Venezuela is a leading producer, true.

[00:36:43]Second statement wrong. One and three.

[00:36:46]Question number 24. The answer is C.

[00:36:59]How many of the above generally occur in sedimentary material? Coal, bauxite, copper.

[00:37:08]The most common abundant in a sedimentary is your coal.

[00:37:13]Bauxite is again found in the sedimentary rocks. Copper, no. They are found in the both igneous or metamorphic they are not sedimentary.

[00:37:25]Depending upon the place.

[00:37:29]It can be found along with igneous rocks or metamorphic rocks but they are not sedimentary. The answer for question number 25 is only two. One and two.

[00:37:41]Coal and bauxite.

[00:37:49]Seaport and state.

[00:37:56]Mhm. Paradeep port.

[00:37:58]Odisha. Deendayal port.

[00:38:02]Mormugao port.

[00:38:05]Goa Goa.

[00:38:07]Deendayal port is here.

[00:38:17]Option A. Only one.

[00:38:24]Again a repetition. Ionosphere.

[00:38:32]Mhm.

[00:38:34]Consider the following statements regarding anticyclones.

[00:38:37]Anticyclones are associated with the stable weather conditions, clear skies, and dry air.

[00:38:44]In northern hemisphere, winds in anti winds in an anticyclone rotate clockwise while in southern hemisphere they rotate counterclockwise.

[00:38:55]Yes. Both the statements are true.

[00:39:02]Stable weather condition, clear sky, dry air. All are true.

[00:39:11]See, it is a basic theory.

[00:39:14]The UPSC favorite. It is a basic and foundation.

[00:39:18]How many of the above given are direct sources of information from the earth's about the earth's interior. Sorry.

[00:39:25]Earthquakes, volcanic eruption, rocks obtained from mines, gravitation.

[00:39:36]Huh? Tell me the answer. Tell me.

[00:39:41]Seismic activity P waves earth waves are equal. activity earthquakes Are they direct source or indirect source?

[00:39:48]Indirect source.

[00:39:50]Earthquakes are there.

[00:39:53]Volcanic eruption are there?

[00:39:55]Yes.

[00:39:56]Rocks obtained from mines mining activity quarrying activity are there.

[00:40:00]Direct sources so these two gravitation is an indirect source. Magnetic anomaly is an indirect source. Seismic activity is an indirect source. The answer is two and three only two.

[00:40:26]Mhm.

[00:40:27]This is an erosional plain carved by the agents of erosion. Rivers, drain, ice, and wind help them smooth out the irregularities of the earth surfaces.

[00:40:37]They are almost plain.

[00:40:43]Hence called as coastal plain eliminate them all. Yeah, I don't know what it depositional plain.

[00:40:54]I don't know what it is. Coastal plains are riverine deposits. They are depositional plains. Structural plain structural plain fundamentally they are low-lying areas.

[00:41:06]Erosion agent I will confuse only A and B only. Only penny plain or penny plain.

[00:41:12]Option A penny plain. Penny plain is the almost plain caused by agents of climates river, rain, ice.

[00:41:22]Pediments arid zones land mountain or the foothills form a plain that pediplains.

[00:41:28]Collapse of sediments collapse of pediments foot of the mountain. Pedi foot of the mountain pedi plain. Okay, so penny plains are the almost plain actively formed by the climatic agents.

[00:41:51]Mhm.

[00:41:52]The assertion reason the eruption of volcanoes also brings climate change.

[00:41:57]The volcanic ash and gases affect the incoming solar radiation.

[00:42:05]A both the statements are correct. See.

[00:42:10]Brings climate change now climate change are of two types one of global warming and take global cooling and take that.

[00:42:16]Volcanic eruption in a massive volcanic pyroclastic material emission short term in a minute ago cooling that occur.

[00:42:25]Sulfur in the all that occur in a minute ago cooling that occur. Long term in a minute ago carbon dioxide I mean I don't know long term either in a global cooling warming that occur. Yeah, so the eruption of volcanoes brings climate change is very true. The ash and gas affect the incoming solar radiation.

[00:42:45]Yes.

[00:42:46]You don't know what it is the climate change or say that means global warming in a long term.

[00:42:54]Long term consequence and cooling as a immediate or short term short term one or two years.

[00:43:04]You don't know what it is process that occur that is ocean fertilization.

[00:43:12]The other components like iron, sulfur, phosphorus which are also been emitted into the atmosphere the ocean would take that.

[00:43:20]That is known as the ocean fertilization.

[00:43:23]Answer A.

[00:43:29]Consider the following statements most of the sedimentary rocks are deposited in water bodies. The riverine plains are composed of sedimentary rocks.

[00:43:38]Yes, both the statements are true.

[00:43:50]The British overseas territory is spread across which of the following ocean basins?

[00:43:55]North Atlantic Ocean, South Pacific Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean.

[00:44:02]All all all. The only British Indian overseas territory in Indian Ocean is your Chagos Chagos Archipelago.

[00:44:16]The only So the answer is all.

[00:44:26]The sun never sets in the British Empire holds true in current state condition also.

[00:44:34]Okay, consider the following statements on igneous rocks.

[00:44:37]Basalt is denser than granite.

[00:44:41]Granite is used in the construction industry but not basalt.

[00:44:54]Granite I will say the statement wrong.

[00:44:58]Granitic rocks are found largely in the continental crust. I don't know what it is. Granites are found in the crustal features.

[00:45:05]Basalt are found in the oceanic crust.

[00:45:08]The ocean denser are continental denser are ocean is denser.

[00:45:14]I don't know what it is they are mountains but the continental crust is relatively less denser than the ocean.

[00:45:21]So basalt is denser than granite is true. I don't know what it is continental crustal feature and oceanic crustal feature.

[00:45:29]First statement is true oceans are denser that is why they are sinking down they are in the low areas. So basalt is denser yes.

[00:45:37]Granite is used in the construction industry but not basalt.

[00:45:50]Basalt is also used especially in road constructions.

[00:45:59]Construction of buildings granitic rocks.

[00:46:03]Construction of infrastructure is granite construction of road infrastructure is primarily through basalt. So second statement is wrong.

[00:46:10]Option A one only.

[00:46:19]Mhm. Tell them.

[00:46:21]Period paragraph.

[00:46:22]Answer so Okay.

[00:46:49]Option A equatorial type of climate. A rock lies buried buried beneath the ground for thousands of years slowly plant roots reach it water percolates chemical reactions accelerate and over time the rock completely dissolves into soil leaving no trace of its parent material the type of climate in which intense chemical weathering and leach seeing is most likely to occur that is your equatorial type of climate. I don't know what it is. Once equatorial forest cleared up in a regeneration of forest takes more time because soil is infertile due to intense leaching.

[00:47:25]So the answer is A equatorial climate.

[00:47:37]Identify the atmospheric layer where temperature inversion is not observed.

[00:47:43]Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and ionosphere.

[00:47:51]Answer.

[00:47:53]Troposphere temperature inversion.

[00:47:55]Uh angle top troposphere layer I don't know what it is the troposphere I don't know what it is atmosphere angle valley inversion mountain inversion so lower troposphere cold winter nights that occur upper troposphere temperature inversion possible. Presence of ozone in the stratosphere is a example of temperature inversion in the stratospheric layers. Mesosphere layer that per se I don't know what I am temperature inversion.

[00:48:25]Ionosphere I don't know what it is layer in a thermosphere so the margin the upper ionospheric layers also experiences temperature inversion. So answer is C mesosphere.

[00:48:42]Tell them. Which river empties into the Pacific Ocean?

[00:48:50]Same same river opens into English Channel.

[00:48:55]English Channel in the river.

[00:48:58]Atlantic yes.

[00:49:01]I don't know what it is.

[00:49:06]Yukon yes.

[00:49:08]Danube opens into one of the largest rivers transnational rivers crop cutting across approximately 10 countries of Europe drains into Danube Danube river.

[00:49:23]The artery of Europe I don't know what it is. It drains into Black Sea.

[00:49:34]Ob one of the longest draining into Arctic Ocean.

[00:49:45]You do question in a minute. This was in news therefore the question has been framed.

[00:49:50]Three or four important rivers which are draining into Arctic Ocean and Ob is one of the largest rivers. One of the longest rivers, sorry. Longest rivers draining into Arctic Ocean. So the answer for question number 37 is Yukon River.

[00:50:07]38. Following statement with respect to types of coral reefs.

[00:50:11]Coral, again a favorite theme. Fringing reefs, barrier reefs and atolls. Read the statements and give me the answer.

[00:50:40]Mhm. Answer?

[00:50:43]One.

[00:50:45]Fringing fringes fringes.

[00:50:48]Margin borders fringes in the margin.

[00:50:51]Apple particular land mass corals are formed or developed on the margins.

[00:50:58]Aerial view mail in the back of the video and the island the island is it.

[00:51:04]It does fringes. So fringing reefs are separated from the coast by a much wider or deeper channel or Lagoon. That is your barrier reef. Or a continent land mass now.

[00:51:16]In that little develop a period of continent or water body video other copper in order corals video.

[00:51:26]So in the so called channel or Lagoon is separated barrier.

[00:51:31]Coral and the coral line and the platform close up on my another fringing reefs.

[00:51:39]Atolls in the Nepal atolls.

[00:51:44]In order in the platform in order submarine platform water to get a little platform in the platform in order corals develop in order mail in the back in the video in the video corals in the bottom in the bottom video.

[00:51:59]And the island in the submarine completely submarine in the presence of island in the video island atolls in the video barrier reef now.

[00:52:09]And I will be in the video circular shape in the video. So third statement is true.

[00:52:15]Fringing and barrier reefs might be answer in the Identify the correct statement option C.

[00:52:20]Fringing now border margin so in the particular land mass continent in the side layer in the video.

[00:52:32]This was in news. Yes.

[00:52:36]Super shear earthquake.

[00:52:42]Myanmar the earthquake in Myanmar 2025 is an example of a super shear earthquake. So that is in news.

[00:52:48]Earthquakes that precede larger earthquakes in the same location.

[00:52:56]Option?

[00:52:57]D. An earthquake occurs when fault ruptures faster than seismic shear waves can travel through rocks. Shear waves in the video.

[00:53:09]S waves.

[00:53:16]Normal in the bottom.

[00:53:18]The earthquake in the and the S waves in the faster move on a 3 km second in the video move on a super shear earthquake in the video option D.

[00:53:41]Question number 40.

[00:53:49]Answer.

[00:53:54]Uniformity of temperatures throughout the year well distributed precipitation around the year with low amounts along the summer and winter solstices. Heavy downpour of convectional rain every afternoon.

[00:54:09]Equatorial type of climate. Uniformity of temperatures no seasonal variation. Well distributed precipitation low amounts along the summer and winter solstices. Yes. After conventional rain every afternoon in the video.

[00:54:24]4:00 showers.

[00:54:27]Or evening showers.

[00:54:30]Answer is A.

[00:54:32]Undebatably it is equatorial climate.

[00:54:44]Question number 41.

[00:54:57]Which of the following precipitation type is given above? It is a frozen raindrops or refrozen melted snow water. It occurs when a warm layer of air lies above a layer of air below freezing near the warm layer of air lying below above a layer of air below freezing near earth's surface.

[00:55:25]Okay. Answer?

[00:55:27]Sleet.

[00:55:31]Do you know in the ground level on the surface it is a condensation form. Dew is a condensation form. Okay.

[00:55:42]Hailstones in the video.

[00:55:46]I don't know how to either one day not near the surface and the re-freeze in the upper current mail over coating of freezing happens again and again and it falls in the near surface upper air condition in the hailstones.

[00:56:02]Okay.

[00:56:08]Which of the following climatic regions has the above characteristics? Absence of shade.

[00:56:13]Mediterranean. Yes.

[00:56:15]I don't know how to in the video culture either one day So absence of shade is the distinct feature of this climate. These climatic conditions don't suit grass growth.

[00:56:26]Viticulture is the predominant occupation. We are talking about Mediterranean type of climate.

[00:56:42]Which of the following above pairs are correctly matched? Aleutian Islands, Canary Islands, Nan in the video.

[00:56:50]Nancowry Islands and Azores.

[00:56:54]Mhm. Hello. Aleutian Island in the video.

[00:56:57]Pacific Ocean. Aleutian Islands in the Pacific.

[00:57:02]Bering Strait okay Bering Strait in the Canary Islands in the video.

[00:57:07]Canary current in the Canary current is named after the islands. In the video.

[00:57:14]Atlantic Atlantic. Canary current is a cold current in the upper Atlantic region so it is Atlantic.

[00:57:23]Azores in the Azores Islands.

[00:57:28]Atlantic Atlantic. So the answer is option one only that is your third one.

[00:57:40]Nancowry Islands in the video so in the video in the video in the video. Nancowry Islands is in Indian Ocean. Aleutian, Canary and Azores are very commonly studied in your geography.

[00:57:52]Okay. According to Koppen's climate.

[00:58:04]According to Koppen Gangetic plains fall under monsoon with dry summer in the video.

[00:58:14]Summer in the video in the video.

[00:58:18]I don't know how to in the video in the video.

[00:58:21]Summer in the video in the video.

[00:58:24]Dry winters now winter in the Gangetic plains in the video in the video southwest monsoons.

[00:58:30]Northeast monsoon now winter season in the correlate northeast monsoon in the video in the video.

[00:58:37]Southern region especially the Coromandel coast in the video now.

[00:58:42]In the winter season in the video in the video.

[00:58:45]So this is monsoon with dry winter.

[00:58:52]I don't know how to India Koppen map in the video southern hemisphere in the video.

[00:58:57]AS type of AW map in the video Koppen's climate.

[00:59:04]Like Koppen in the Koppen climate especially India classification in the video in the Which of the following is not correct?

[00:59:15]Regarding El Nino.

[00:59:20]I don't know option?

[00:59:23]D.

[00:59:25]El Nino will always see a below normal precipitation in India.

[00:59:30]So incorrect statement is D. Even though El Nino is related with the monsoon deficit, it is not the only factor. If you know what it is, we have the Indian Ocean dipole IOD concepts positive IOD negative IOD. So El Nino or La Nina or La Nina or La Nina or La Nina or La Nina or La Nina or La Nina or La Nina or La Nina also determines the nature of monsoonal precipitation in India. So below normal it will not always be the case. It will not always be the case. Okay. Other three statements are true. El Nino means warmer ocean waters off the coast of Peru around December. A rise in air pressure in Indian Ocean in Indonesia Australia is the first sign of El Nino.

[01:00:11]El Nino is used in India for forecasting long range monsoon rainfall. Other statements are true so it is not always Indian Ocean dipole is again an important determinant in monsoonal rainfall.

[01:00:28]Okay.

[01:00:29]Arrange the following energy sources in India based on their contribution to total total sorry total installed energy generation capacity from highest to lowest.

[01:00:43]Can we part called the highest option A or B or C or D answer in a 50 out of 100?

[01:00:57]50 out of 100?

[01:01:00]What do you mean?

[01:01:02]What do you mean by that okay?

[01:01:05]Coal solar wind hydropower but not by the picture of cake 50 out of 100.

[01:01:11]What do you mean?

[01:01:12]Oh biofuel number 50 today.

[01:01:16]If you don't first generation second generation step by step with the mark.

[01:01:21]Nuclear yes.

[01:01:28]What is the total installed capacity capacity nuclear?

[01:01:34]8880 current affairs 50 out of 100 in the lab.

[01:01:43]Hello.

[01:01:44]Consider the following statements. India accounts for more than 20% of the world's land surface area. It is the seventh largest country in the world on the basis of area. The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India is roughly 60°.

[01:02:03]Number 10 the fact is two only.

[01:02:09]Why first statement is wrong?

[01:02:11]20% of land area is how much area do you know?

[01:02:15]2.4 not more than latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India is roughly There is a 30° approximately 30 29.5 latitude west to east and north to south more or less it has same distance even though the north south is slightly higher than the east west extent. So if the latitude and longitude difference is 29 29.5 30° it is not 60°.

[01:02:53]So the answer is C.

[01:03:07]How many of the above statements are correct? Laterite soil is generally rich in humus and plant nutrients.

[01:03:14]Black soil yes sir.

[01:03:16]No. First statement is wrong. Laterite is the soil formed due to the process of laterization and laterization is nothing but another variation of leaching. So leaching process nutrients are not there. Humus rich content laterite soil is referred to as the backbone of rural economy because they are found majorly in brick making.

[01:03:39]Okay. Construction brick making.

[01:03:43]Black soil is rich in magnesium potash and phosphoric contents.

[01:03:48]It is rich in magnesium and potash but it is very poor in phosphorus content.

[01:03:56]Yellow soil gets its color due to presence of diffused iron in dehydrated form.

[01:04:03]Hydrated form of dehydrated hydrated form of red is your yellow. So diffused form of iron hydrated form. All three statements are wrong. Answer is D.

[01:04:26]Answer is D. None of the statements are true.

[01:04:39]One only. What about the second statement? During this season hot and humid weather becomes oppressive in the northern plains.

[01:04:47]Yes it is true. October heat up in the phenomenon but it will be very much unbearable in the northern hemisphere but we would be enjoying more precipitation in the southern coast.

[01:04:57]Southern especially the Coromandel coast. This is true. This is true.

[01:05:02]Option A.

[01:05:03]Cyclonic storms develop over Bay of Bengal over this period is also true.

[01:05:09]In a path.

[01:05:14]Cyclonic storms develop over Bay of Bengal over this period.

[01:05:18]Both all three statements are true. All three statements are true regarding retreating monsoon.

[01:05:31]Cyclonic storms develop over Bay of Bengal over this period. General other than retreating monsoon direct shifting of pressure belts and the conditions in your ocean.

[01:05:43]Temperature and pressure conditions other than that monsoon retreat formation of ITCs shifting of ITCs. In the answer in a B 1 2 3 all three statements are true.

[01:06:11]It lies on the eastern Mediterranean in the by east Mediterranean east and read this all three statements and give me the answer.

[01:06:22]It lies on the eastern part of the continent in subtropical latitudes.

[01:06:26]Its daily range of temperature is small.

[01:06:29]The annual average temperature the annual averages of precipitation vary from 70 to 150. Thunder storms in summer and frontal precipitation winter are common.

[01:06:44]Humid subtropical climate.

[01:06:57]Again a classic question of ocean current in the northern Indian Ocean.

[01:07:04]The direction of ocean current changes seasonally in the northern Indian Ocean.

[01:07:08]The northern Indian Ocean is primarily driven by the changing monsoonal winds that cause the surface winds to flow eastward during the monsoon summer season and westward during the winter season.

[01:07:23]Yeah.

[01:07:26]Both the statements are true and it explains the first one.

[01:07:37]The region has no month without any rainfall. That is rainfall all year round. Summer maximum without a distinct dry period. Frequent cyclonic disturbances.

[01:07:49]Which of the given climate is described above?

[01:07:52]Laurentian tropical marine humid subtropical climate equatorial climate.

[01:08:04]Summer maximum with a without a distinct dry period. This is tropical marine climate.

[01:08:10]Option B tropical marine.

[01:08:20]Question 53.

[01:08:22]Which of the following statements is not correct about the igneous rocks?

[01:08:51]Identify the right statements then we can conclude. The rocks do not contain fossils. Yes they do not contain fossils because of their very nature of formation fossil evidences they do not have strata like other type of rocks.

[01:09:06]These are generally found in the volcanic zones. All are true. So not correct statement. These rocks are highly affected.

[01:09:14]They are highly affected by chemical weathering. Any rock is subjected to see weathering chart put by physical weathering chemical weathering biological weathering. Physical and chemical either by chemical or by conventional method. This is the chart. Okay.

[01:09:32]>> This is conventional used in the a rock system the rock This rock has been weathered primarily physical weathering chemical or not because of physical weathering chemical weathering It happens simultaneously.

[01:09:51]rock highly chemical Statement is wrong.

[01:10:00]The term accretion disk is sometimes mentioned in the news in the context of which of the Option A, the formation of planetary systems from interstellar dust and gas.

[01:10:23]The atmosphere question 55 The atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon.

[01:10:30]Yes.

[01:10:31]The ozone layer is primarily found in the troposphere.

[01:10:36]stratosphere Answer Option A, one only.

[01:10:53]Again, a repetition question regarding extra-tropical cyclones.

[01:11:07]Tropical monsoon AM tropical Savannah AW cold humid climate DFB Western Ghats, Chhattisgarh Plains, Arunachal Pradesh.

[01:11:15]Which are all correctly matched?

[01:11:18]All are all are rightly matched.

[01:11:33]58 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 seven types Okay, the point where the energy is released during an earthquake is called the hypocenter or focus.

[01:11:58]The earthquake which is first felt, the place on the surface is your epicenter.

[01:12:08]Chennai earthquake Chennai epicenter the actual release of energy would have happened meters below This is a focus is a crustal phenomena.

[01:12:21]This is a surface phenomena.

[01:12:26]shallow focus deep focus So, this is the focus.

[01:12:31]Focus is also known as hypocenter.

[01:12:38]Tsunami would occur only if the epicenter of the tremor is below oceanic waters.

[01:12:46]Yes.

[01:12:48]Tsunami would occur if only the epicenter is below oceanic waters.

[01:12:56]hypocenter focus epicenter A large-scale underwater volcanic eruption can also cause tsunami waves in the coastal regions. It is not merely of an earthquake.

[01:13:14]This is true.

[01:13:15]epicenter hypocenter oceanic oceanic tsunamis are going to possibly but it's not the only only case.

[01:13:35]This can also cause tsunami waves.

[01:13:39]Large-scale underwater volcanic eruption.

[01:13:43]So, answer for question number not Both one and two.

[01:14:02]Which of the following discontinuity separates core and mantle of the earth?

[01:14:12]Earth is a three-layer system.

[01:14:14]crust mantle core Of course, core outer core inner core because of the change of physical state.

[01:14:29]This is your Mohorovic M.

[01:14:32]mantle Gutenberg G So, Gutenberg discontinuity separates your core and mantle.

[01:14:45]within crust within mantle and within core either either Leman Yes.

[01:15:02]So, the answer would be A for question number 59.

[01:15:14]Consider the following Consider the following difference between differences between the terrestrial and Jovian planets.

[01:15:28]Both the statements are true.

[01:15:31]Unlike terrestrial planets, the Jovian planets have lot of gas and dust in the atmosphere. Terrestrial planets are warmer than the Jovian planets. Both the statements are true.

[01:15:47]Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Jovian planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune asteroids asteroid belt or asteroid zone which separates the inner planets and the outer planets.

[01:16:06]Yes.

[01:16:12]Question number See, epicenter and focus is largely earthquake And the earthquake can also can cause due to large-scale underwater volcanic eruptions.

[01:16:47]So, only only correct answer sentence second second statement is true not merely of earthquake volcanic eruption NCERT text NCERT NCERT debate even though a lot of exceptions general rules and all So, we'll stick We'll change the option for 58.

[01:17:49]So, answer is B.

[01:17:52]Please note only Okay, the answer is two only Sorry.

[01:18:00]one only not correct statement So, second statement is true.

[01:18:11]Question number 61 Mercury is the only planet without a satellite. All planets in the solar system rotate around their own axis from east to west.

[01:18:28]The asteroid belt in the solar system is located roughly between the orbits of planets Jupiter and Saturn.

[01:18:41]Hello. Is Mercury the only planet without satellite?

[01:18:45]No, Mercury and Venus.

[01:18:49]All planets in the solar system rotate around their own axis from generally from west to east.

[01:18:58]Earth rotates from Earth rotates west to east. That is why sun appears rise in the east. Sun rises in the east sets in the western area because Earth rotates from west to east.

[01:19:09]So, generally it is west to east. There are exceptions, Venus and Uranus.

[01:19:18]They rotate from east to west.

[01:19:21]The asteroid belt is between Jupiter and Correct statements. None of them are true.

[01:19:33]How many of the above statements provide an evidence for Earth's perisity sphericity, sphere shape of Earth?

[01:19:40]Spherical shape of other planetary bodies, different time of sunrise and sunset at different places, shadow of Earth on moon during lunar eclipse.

[01:19:51]All All are All are true.

[01:20:04]Potholes and plunge pools.

[01:20:07]Potholes are cylindrical depressions over the rocky beds of hill streams.

[01:20:13]Potholes are generally formed in sandstones and granites. Plunge pools are formed at the base of waterfalls.

[01:20:20]How many of the above statements are correct?

[01:20:32]Mhm. Answer.

[01:20:40]All three are true. All three statements are true.

[01:20:45]Or waterfall you could be in a waterfall or the base of form of the plunge pools.

[01:20:51]Yeah. Or river stream in the under the podia chinna chinna depressions the rocky bed with the other potholes.

[01:20:59]Sandstone is a easily eroding stones granite also. So, both the statement all three statements are true.

[01:21:08]Mhm. Again a P V Q. This is a direct P V Q. Which of the following is or are the causes of changes in the seasons?

[01:21:16]Revolution, rotation, Earth's tilted axis.

[01:21:21]One and three.

[01:21:25]Rotation causes Big Bang theory, steady state theory, Big Splat theory. How many of the above given theories are related to the origin of universe?

[01:21:45]Mhm.

[01:21:47]Big In the class and then I have to put my there.

[01:21:51]Uh all are true of all.

[01:21:54]Uh Big Splat theory talks about the formation of moon.

[01:22:06]Formation of moon. So, the answer is one and two.

[01:22:27]Mhm. Answer. Difference between terrestrial and Jovian planets.

[01:22:32]Terrestrial planets have a solid rocky structure surface, whereas Jovian planets are mostly composed of gases with no well-defined solid structure.

[01:22:41]The density of terrestrial planets is higher than that of Jovian planets.

[01:22:45]Jovian planets have stronger gravity compared to terrestrial planets due to their large mass.

[01:22:51]Answer.

[01:23:01]One and two. Third can I I want mass.

[01:23:09]Density is different from mass.

[01:23:15]Density in the dinner density in the dinner mass by volume. They are smaller they are bigger. So, they have larger mass. All three statements are true.

[01:23:26]Density of the terrestrial planets are greater. Yes.

[01:23:40]Okay.

[01:23:41]Hot deserts are located at low latitudes.

[01:23:45]Continental drift has moved them to lower latitudes from higher latitudes.

[01:23:53]Deserts hot desert formation there is a specific pattern on the western margin of continents in the form of 30° north to south mostly confined to the hot desert location pattern. Yes, this is true. What is the reason given?

[01:24:11]Continental drift has moved them to lower latitudes from higher latitudes.

[01:24:15]No.

[01:24:16]Pressure belt or the situation pressure belt or the positions so into to be more specific the Hadley cell subsidence anticyclonic conditions arid conditions western margin and again the wind system. They move offshore from the continents towards ocean and again along with that the presence of cold currents in the western margin. All factors collectively responsible for a specific pattern of distribution of hot deserts in the lower latitudes. It's not the continental drift. No, the statement is wrong.

[01:24:49]A is true R is false. Option C.

[01:24:57]You don't have the degree city.

[01:25:02]5° north 5° south.

[01:25:07]Tropical cyclones occur only in ocean areas where the sea temperature exceeds 33° C.

[01:25:14]Exceeds 27° C.

[01:25:22]27 the conditions for climate cyclone formation 27 surface temperature of oceans. So, this is wrong. In order to achieve the rotational component the tropical cyclone must be spawned at least 5° north or 5° south of the equator.

[01:25:38]Yes.

[01:25:39]0 to 5 margin yard in the garden cyclones form again.

[01:25:45]So, the answer is true.

[01:25:49]Option B two only.

[01:25:56]Mhm.

[01:25:59]The circum polar current encircles Antarctica from west to east.

[01:26:07]The circum polar current or the inner pain in the west wind drift.

[01:26:20]One of the longest continuous ocean current is your west wind drift encircling the southern ocean around your Antarctica region. So, other than circum polar current in the pole southern pole circum polar current encircles Antarctica from west to east.

[01:26:35]Answer true.

[01:26:38]The wind is always named from the direction it originates. So, west wind drift at the west in the east of the pole.

[01:26:46]The westerly winds in the southern hemisphere blow continuously from west to east and do not encounter any major land masses. Yes. Yes.

[01:26:55]So, that is the reason. So, answer A.

[01:27:00]Both A and R are individually true and it is the correct explanation of first statement.

[01:27:07]Repetition.

[01:27:14]The divergent movement of plates to the divergent.

[01:27:19]Results in which of the following?

[01:27:29]Which of the following are correct?

[01:27:31]Creation of new oceanic crust.

[01:27:35]Yes. Divergent plates in the inner upwelling of lower layers where oceanic crust formation of submarine mountain ranges very to mid-oceanic ridges in the formed along the divergent plate margins drifting of plates. Yes, drifting of plates on either side.

[01:27:54]You don't have drifting plate movement creation of transform faults. Yes, transform faults are mostly associated with the divergent and convergent also mostly with divergent. So, all four are correct.

[01:28:13]In the map there convergent plate margin in the middle of the map. Mountains form again in the map divergent plate margins double line put it back. So, in the ocean floor Atlantic ocean in the middle of the double line say.

[01:28:31]In the line in the middle of the transform.

[01:28:36]Illustrative of in the divergent plate margin or the correlated of a form of the transform faults. Okay, so all three all four are correct.

[01:28:58]Mhm.

[01:28:59]The basalt rocks are formed over the surface while granite rocks reach the surface only by being exposed to erosion.

[01:29:09]Basalt is an extrusive rock while granite is an intrusive rock.

[01:29:18]Mhm. Answer that.

[01:29:20]Both the statements are true and it is a correct explanation of A.

[01:29:40]Relative humidity tell me relative humidity is low in the sub tropical region. The capacity of air to hold moisture decreases with the increasing temperature.

[01:29:54]Cloud formation is abundant in the sub tropical region.

[01:30:23]Relative humidity is low in the sub tropical region. True. Okay, first statement is true. The capacity of air to hold moisture decreases with the increasing temperature.

[01:30:41]Increase in the so the capacity to hold moisture increases.

[01:30:49]With the increasing temperature. Cloud formation is abundant in the sub tropical region.

[01:31:02]Tropical region tropics la.

[01:31:07]It is your tropics. It is not abundant.

[01:31:10]Cloud formation is abundant in the tropical region. So two three wrong one correct up in the option of all.

[01:31:20]One one of the statement is correct. No.

[01:31:22]Neither two nor three is correct.

[01:31:26]Option D.

[01:31:31]Which of the following appeared on the earth last evolution?

[01:31:36]Birds.

[01:31:37]Fish, amphibians, then reptiles and finally birds.

[01:31:50]Which of the following is an intrusive volcanic landforms?

[01:31:55]Cinder cone, sill, dike, batholith.

[01:32:04]Only three. Cinder cone or ash cone is a extrusive landforms. So magma pulling in the other only ashes and senders in the other volcano emit bonus it is a extrusive.

[01:32:20]Sill dike in the parallel in the perpendicular.

[01:32:26]Sill parallel. Dike in the perpendicular.

[01:32:30]Batholith in the other than that.

[01:32:32]The magma chamber or the magma reservoir of that particular volcano.

[01:32:41]In the other fact in the other than that all of them are intrusive landforms based on the shape.

[01:32:48]Consider the following feature of the Indian peninsular block. It was formed majorly out of ancient and granites.

[01:32:55]The Thar Desert in the west and the Karbi Anglong Plateau in the east are extensions of it.

[01:33:04]Yes. Yes.

[01:33:07]Indian peninsular block both the statements are true.

[01:33:11]That is why Rajasthan is considered as a peninsular state.

[01:33:17]Thar Desert Aravalli Mountains are peninsular mountains.

[01:33:23]Peninsular mountains in the Aravallis in the so Thar Desert in the west Karbi Anglong Plateau in the Answer option C. Both the statements are true.

[01:33:42]In the geomorphology climatology topic but questions are all mixed up. Consider the following statements regarding peninsular plateau of India. It is a continuous stable block devoid of any rift or divergent boundaries.

[01:33:57]No. It is formed with a general gradient of west to east.

[01:34:04]Gradient not slope. General gradient of west to east.

[01:34:09]Yes. So it is a continuous stable devoid of any rift. No.

[01:34:13]Number prominent we have the Narmada rift and on the eastern side we have the Damodar rift.

[01:34:26]Rift valley rivers of India in the Narmada Tapi and Damodar in the other one.

[01:34:32]So True.

[01:34:37]So which is the not correct?

[01:34:41]A one only.

[01:34:44]Peninsular plateau The coastal plains in the peninsular margin western margin is a submerged coast. Eastern coast is a emerged coast but the general slope gradient is west to east. That is why most of the rivers are west flowing.

[01:35:04]East flowing. Thank you. East flowing rivers.

[01:35:09]I'll tell them. 79 in the other one above.

[01:35:13]Satellite launching stations are closer to the equator because gravitational force is less near the equator. Rotational velocity is low. The equator has high isolation. Coriolis force is zero.

[01:35:32]A.

[01:35:35]Gravitational force is less near equator in the other and the less of being in the period gradient period difference in the other one in the difference in the other one in the other one in the In the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one Coriolis effect is nil or zero in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one Equator in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one Okay in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one in the other one placed near the equator.

[01:36:57]All igneous rocks are called parent rocks. Yes.

[01:37:01]All igneous rocks are found on the earth's surfaces. No.

[01:37:07]Correct statement option A one only.

[01:37:13]A meteorologist question number 81 using a barometer makes corrections for which of the following? Barometer is used for measuring pressure.

[01:37:28]Pressure is always denoted with help of the unit millibar. I know that the barometer. Now tell me altitude, latitude and temperature.

[01:37:42]Pressure in the other one.

[01:37:45]Altitude temperature. So these are the two things where a correction in the barometer need a correction in these two also on altitude and temperature need not necessarily latitude. So the answer is only two. One and three.

[01:38:13]Which of the following is not a foehn wind? Foehn wind in the dry wind.

[01:38:21]Not a foehn wind. Zonda, berg, chinook.

[01:38:29]>> [cough] >> One is Argentina, Africa and USA. The answer is not a foehn wind is your southerly buster. These are local winds.

[01:38:43]Local winds, warm winds, cold winds in the other one in the other one in the other one.

[01:38:48]Main thing.

[01:38:56]Which of the following is or are correct? Inference from isothermal maps in the month of January. Isothermal in the other one.

[01:39:08]The places month of January. January in the hottest month or coldest month?

[01:39:15]I'm a earth layer entire year total either one the coldest hottest month.

[01:39:21]June. June Jan either end of the map with the isothermal maps in the isobar maps. So either January now isotherms are more or less parallel to the latitudes in the southern hemisphere.

[01:39:35]True. Why?

[01:39:37]Uh the very absence of major land masses makes a uniform distribution. Therefore, the isotherms appears parallel to one another.

[01:39:46]The presence of warm ocean currents and the Gulf Stream makes the isotherms parallel to the latitudes.

[01:39:54]False. What warm ocean current in the Gulf Stream or major streams in the redistribution of temperature not at all up in a uniformity of temperature maintain up places in the isotherms in a distort in the parallelism maintain okay distortion of isotherms will happen. So Okay, so second statement is wrong.

[01:40:22]First statement is true.

[01:40:28]You know specifically you know simply isotherms bend in the continents towards the oceans so warm month and again differentiation in the land heats up faster as well as land cools down faster than the ocean water. So more or less uniformity in the maintain ocean waters maintain in the country clarity in the statement questions address so the answer would be for this option A one only.

[01:41:04]With reference to Coriolis force >> [clears throat] >> What is the actual name of this force?

[01:41:10]It is named after the discoverer Coriolis.

[01:41:22]This is not a real force. Okay, it will come into picture only when earth has got a rotational mechanism earth rotate in a generate force now in the force force of the real force it is a deflection force.

[01:41:38]It is the very nature of the forces deflection force and it is named after the discoverer Coriolis.

[01:41:45]Coriolis meaning in the pain the nature in the freely moving current ocean waters deflect force deflection force now tell me it is directly proportional to the wind velocity and latitude.

[01:42:00]Yes, more the velocity the deflection would be greater and when we move from lower latitudes to higher latitudes the deflection increases. It is nearly zero at your equator. So this is true.

[01:42:14]It is perpendicular to the pressure gradient force. Yes, yes.

[01:42:19]Second statement is also true.

[01:42:24]Simply high pressure and low pressure.

[01:42:27]Pressure gradient or wind move up high pressure always from high pressure to low pressure and a deflection or freely moving object if it is northern hemisphere the deflection is towards it.

[01:42:41]towards its right and the wind or right to go So in the deflection in the pressure gradient up to go there there perpendicular act up perpendicular to the pressure gradient force.

[01:42:57]Okay, so both the statements are true.

[01:43:04]low pressure now you don't pressure gradient Coriolis force it would be deflected towards its towards its right so if we don't push it up Okay, perpendicular to the every pressure gradient perpendicular the force so both the statements are true.

[01:43:23]Consider the following climate types according to Koppen theory okay how many of the above climate have have a distinct dry season meaning in the particular season in the particular season in the absence of rain in the tropical wet humid subtropical marine west coast humid continental Answer is none none.

[01:44:03]A type of climate A W A M in the B B S B W step in the desert the C type of climate in the mostly distinct dry seasons according to in the distinct dry climate according to Koppen scheme of classification Koppen in the important in the Which among the following are not true regarding equatorial regions? Okay.

[01:44:46]Excuse me.

[01:44:54]Uh Option C It is sparsely populated it is sparsely populated region due to excessive heat and humidity not only that because of the presence of dense vegetation.

[01:45:10]forest equatorial type of forest makes it a very sparsely populated region. The climate is favorable for rubber and cocoa production true. The main occupations of the region are lumbering and livestock farming livestock in the easy but in the way either good or bad up in the statement correct up up in the correct up No, even though it is very thick forest larger forest cover equatorial region in the way lumbering activity major economy in the way reason in the because of the very nature of the forest types it is made up of impure strands.

[01:45:47]or a matter in the tree varieties or a geographical area localized in the matter in the lumbering activity profitable in the matter or economic activity in the matter but in the matter in the mountain mountain in the matter in the way trees or a matter in the impure strands in the matter in the lumbering activity facilitate in the matter temperate regions in the matter in the major occupation in the matter okay so either good or bad in the way statement is wrong.

[01:46:12]The climate encourages the spread of diseases and pests very true true true true.

[01:46:17]Answer in the way Answer is option C.

[01:46:38]The differential heating and cooling of continents and seas have more say in this climate.

[01:46:44]Okay, most of the year is dry with little or no precipitation.

[01:46:51]In addition to the Indian subcontinent this climate is observed in Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia and South China. Which of the following statements are correct regarding tropical monsoon?

[01:47:01]one and three No, no, no.

[01:47:11]Monsoonal rainfall is a characteristic feature of monsoon so this year most of the year is dry most of the year we are wet we are humid. So the answer is C one and three Uh tribes and region Bindibu pygmies and Orang Asli pygmies in the Amazon forest pygmies Africa pygmies slave trade between the African in the forest Congo basin Congo basin so this is not Amazon. Bindibu is in Australia.

[01:48:11]Orang Asli Malaysia So all statements all the tribes given are wrongly matched.

[01:48:27]none None of them are rightly matched.

[01:48:36]Indus river system entirely within India Beas Beas river Sutlej originates outside India It enters through India in Sutlej enters India through the pass pass in the pass Shipki La Pass Shipki La Pass >> Which of the following with respect to the neon gas is or are correct? It is a colorless, odorless, and toxic gas.

[01:49:22]Neon gas is used in advertising boards as a cryogenic refrigerant.

[01:49:33]It is a non-toxic.

[01:49:37]It is colorless, odorless, but it is a non-toxic gas. It is used in advertising boards as a cryogen refrigerant. Ukraine is the leading global supplier of neon gas. Yes, one. Okay. So, the answer is option A, two and three.

[01:50:02]Ozone concentration drop is more pronounced in the southern hemisphere than in the northern hemisphere. Ozone concentration drop is nothing but the very commonly popularized as the ozone hole. Right? So, the ozone hole is more pronounced in the southern hemisphere than in the northern hemisphere.

[01:50:24]Long long presence of low temperature in the region exacerbates ozone drop.

[01:50:32]Yes, both the statements are true.

[01:50:34]The long presence of low temperature or the absence of sunlight for a longer time in the bottom. Absence of sunlight.

[01:50:43]As well as the formation of polar stratospheric clouds in the Antarctic region makes it most favorable for ozone depletion resulting in ozone thinning known as ozone hole.

[01:51:01]Option A.

[01:51:14]It was closing up. The thinning of ozone was closing up.

[01:51:20]As the Ganga flows eastward, its left bank tributaries join in in a particular sequence. In a drainage parallel drainage, okay? Which of the following shows the correct order from west to east?

[01:51:36]Option Ramganga. A. A done.

[01:51:44]In the Ganga now in the Yamuna.

[01:51:47]After Ramganga, Ghaggar, Gandak.

[01:51:52]Ramganga cut the Gomti river. Gomti.

[01:51:56]Gomti cut the Ghagra and the Gandak and the Kosi.

[01:52:01]Kosi better than Mahananda.

[01:52:06]In the left bank tributaries. Right bank tributaries in the southern water.

[01:52:10]Chambal.

[01:52:13]Betwa, Ken, Son.

[01:52:17]Betwa, sorry. First in the Chambal, Sindhu, Betwa, Ken.

[01:52:24]Son and the last Damodar. Okay.

[01:52:28]Mental map of the so-called Ganges river is very very important.

[01:52:36]And the picture of Gangetic rivers tributary system.

[01:52:41]You need to memorize all the names. Left right Brahmaputra tributaries for the other part of the northeast Brahmaputra major river. And in the tributaries of Brahmaputra important question.

[01:52:58]So, that you you can eliminate them as not a tributary of Brahmaputra.

[01:53:06]Okay.

[01:53:09]Answer A.

[01:53:11]With reference to the Sendai framework.

[01:53:14]Sendai framework disaster management.

[01:53:19]Which of the following is correct?

[01:53:36]Option B.

[01:53:40]Either Sendai framework focuses on the adoption of measures which addresses the three dimension of risk disaster risk including exposure to hazards, vulnerability, and capacity.

[01:53:52]See, that is fine. Sendai framework disaster management.

[01:53:57]Ramsar Convention. It aims to halt and reserve biodiversity loss by 2030. See in the Global conservation framework.

[01:54:29]It is Ramsar.

[01:54:33]Ramsar Convention.

[01:54:35]This is Cartagena.

[01:54:40]It is a collaborative framework to ensure a more inclusive and sustainable approach to ocean conservation in wider Caribbean region. Cartagena.

[01:54:58]Marine heat waves.

[01:55:00]This time it's going to be very important question.

[01:55:03]Okay.

[01:55:04]Read the statements and identify the correct one. Correct.

[01:55:09]Identify the correct. It occurs when the surface temperature of a particular region of sea rises to 3 to 4° C above the average temperature for at least 5 days.

[01:55:21]Marine heat waves have the potential to persist over multi-year periods.

[01:55:26]It have been recorded in surface and deep waters across all latitudes and in all types of marine ecosystems.

[01:55:35]They can reduce the reproductivity of corals and make them more vulnerable to life-threatening diseases.

[01:55:50]That is okay.

[01:55:53]That statement is true.

[01:55:56]True true true. Answer for 94 is all.

[01:55:59]All statements are true.

[01:56:07]All the statements given about the marine heat waves are true.

[01:56:13]Recently, researchers have discovered the world's deepest blue hole.

[01:56:25]So, ocean surface learning or spiraling activity or other floor ready to reach out of the and the blue hole surface or sink hole generated on the money.

[01:56:34]Okay. It is named What is it?

[01:56:43]It was initially thought to be the second deepest, but recent measurements have now recorded it at a depth of more than 420 m below mean sea level surpassing all other blue holes known to date, which is located in Mexico. Mexico.

[01:57:00]Uh in here.

[01:57:04]Second deepest.

[01:57:08]Dragon hole.

[01:57:11]Dragon blue hole.

[01:57:19]China Sea. South China Sea.

[01:57:24]Okay.

[01:57:26]Other than surpass money 420 m, so Mexico.

[01:57:38]Uh yes.

[01:57:40]Characteristic climate of steppe region.

[01:57:43]Practically treeless and the grasses are much shorter.

[01:57:49]Absence of shade in the Mediterranean.

[01:57:53]Absence of trees. Practically trees of you know that is your steppe. Answer for 96 is D.

[01:58:08]Two uh Two and three uh And now I got to read it. Consider the following with respect to tropical and extra-tropical. Both can originate over the seas. Correct in there.

[01:58:21]See, tropical only seas.

[01:58:24]Extra-tropical over seas. Both develop a clear frontal system. No.

[01:58:29]Frontal system is present only for the One and three. Option C, one and three.

[01:58:46]Which one of the following climates is known for the practice of truck farming or market gardening?

[01:58:53]British. British type of climate.

[01:58:57]The British type of climate in Europe as well as the British type of climate in the northeastern America. Both favors truck farming and market gardening. I don't specific a market gardening for British region. Truck farming for Okay.

[01:59:29]Answer for 98 is British.

[01:59:32]Market gardening truck farming period number in the other What is What is the practice of truck farming or market gardening?

[01:59:46]Very extensive farming of horticulture in the now vegetables fruits now other than the one one guy market to go to go to one guy up to market to direct to go to go to one guy in the logistic facilities and the level of well developed so truck you know food in the food in the period in order farming produce truck truck to modern chick market garden of calendar to say yeah So market to go to go to go to so it is your British type of climate question number 99.

[02:00:36]Mhm.

[02:00:39]Receive steady rainfall from the trade winds throughout the year.

[02:00:43]The climate region is prone to severe tropical cyclones.

[02:00:54]Mhm.

[02:00:59]Rainfall throughout the upper part China type China China type In West Africa the northeast rates but you say that answer.

[02:01:19]West Africa I don't know the answer or not.

[02:01:23]Harmattan Sirocco causing simoon Sirocco blood rain is one way or the other in the northern Africa crossing Mediterranean towards Italy. Kassim in the Sirocco the other variant in the Egypt region in the solar panel Kassim the the word in Arabic language it stands for 50 Kassim now so 50 days of spring and the wind will come okay tomorrow this is also all So the answer is B.

[02:01:56]So tomorrow you have another session on geography.

[02:01:59]India geography okay.

[02:02:02]Tomorrow India geography So any doubts?

[02:02:06]No doubts. Thank you all.

[02:02:08]Happy learning.