In 1791, enslaved Africans in Haiti launched a successful revolution against France, Spain, and Britain, led by former slave Toussaint Louverture, establishing the world's first Black republic in 1804; however, France demanded a massive 150 million franc debt for Haiti's freedom, which the nation paid for 122 years until 1947, ultimately transforming the Caribbean's wealthiest colony into one of the Western Hemisphere's poorest nations.
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The Slave Who Defeated 3 EmpiresAdded:
a former slave with no army against three empires, France, Spain, Britain.
[music] In 1791 in Haiti, half a million Africans enslaved work to death on the [music] richest colony on Earth. Then one night the drums begin. Plantations burn. Masters flee. The enslaved [music] rise. France comes defeated. Spain comes defeated. The British Empire sends 60,000 soldiers. Many leave in coffins.
One man helps lead it all. Tusaran Luvaturur, a former slave. No military [music] academy, no empire behind him.
Just a people who decide they will never kneel again. Then Napoleon [music] Bonapart sends 30,000 troops. They fail.
So France changes tactics. They offer peace and [music] then betray him. Tusar is captured, chained, and sent to a frozen prison in France where he [music] dies alone. But the rebellion doesn't die with him. In 1804, Haiti wins. The first black republic on Earth. The first nation born from a successful slave revolt. Freedom [music] finally achieved. But it doesn't last in peace.
France returns with warships. Pay us [music] 150 million Franks for your freedom or we come back. Haiti pays for 122 years. The final payment [music] leaves in 1947.
The richest colony in the Caribbean becomes one of the poorest nations in the Western Hemisphere. Schools collapse, [music] hospitals fall apart. Then in 2010, disaster strikes. An earthquake kills more than 230,000 people. By then, Haiti was already [music] weakened by generations of debt and exploitation. But the story doesn't end there. France kept the wealth. Haiti [music] kept the burden. And history never forgot what happened there.
Because Haiti did the impossible.
>> [music]
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