In quantum mechanics, a particle in superposition does not necessarily mean it is actually in two places at the same time; rather, it means there is a probability distribution across multiple locations. The wave function represents probability density, and when observed, it collapses to a single position. Importantly, quantum mechanics operates in flat spacetime with time as an external classical parameter, not in curved spacetime as in general relativity.
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#AskAbhijit 362: Ask Me Anything - Any TopicAdded:
Heat. Heat.
Heat. Heat.
Hello, good evening and good day everybody and welcome to the Ask Abijit show. This is episode 362. I hope you're all doing great. I know there's an IPL match today, the IPL final. So, I'm sure a lot of people will be watching that, but we keep going. So, yeah, here we are. So, I'm going to take questions uh from the super chat from the live chat as well in the beginning and we'll take as many questions as you have and we'll do a couple of hours maybe more depending on how many questions we have.
So, uh before we get into that, let us see who all is there on the live chat. I can she see Priyan Shuup Poli Mary Kane good morning good morning Marij G uh Basar Bandit Piet Piety Baskar Bandit uh Risha Bodri is here from Rajasthan Geopolitical Dubai is here from Indor good evening sir Karnat Netra is here as wellapana hospitra the oldest of the gods uh Rohan Sura good evening jam ma'am Jagatu swami veand greham Ram Ram indeed Uh er Dub Sha is here. Namaste. Ashi Sharma Sharma Sha G. Uh Lippy the lion. A sing good day sir.
Good evening sir. Uh who else? Who else?
Om zero poali and Singh. Lippy the lion. Baskar bandit is here from Moscow. Good good evening to you. Good evening hers. Good evening sir. Priyanchi Sud Om Sudhart Mishra IPL finals. Yes IPL finals.
Mahik Kata is here from Ethiopia.
Namaste to you. Good evening to you. Uh Adity Yadav Utkar Shukla Random Skulls.
Good evening. Uh Rishab Chi says the IPL final can wait. Thank you so much. Thank you so much. Um Sanjay Uprati Jay Hins Heisenberg hello Prasad Nabalaji. Yes.
Okay, Anoj Kumar Sharma hello.
Um, who else? Who else we have?
Unapologetic Satani. Namaste.
Heisenberg, hello once again from Rajasthan. Vin Paul Gil, hello. Prasad Nabalaji, hello. Rahul Hintani is here from Mumbai. Good evening to you, sir.
Pratam Agarwal, hello Harish, you are one. Um, Abi Chan, Abi Chandel, hello.
Abashar, Namaskar, Sanjay, Oprah, once again. Priyanky, Javalia, good evening ma'am. Ankita Kachab. Good evening Anka G. Courageous servant. Hello my brother.
Hello Manisha. Namaste. Namaste ma'am.
Wise idiot. Hello Safed Booth and so many other people. Heisenberg Rahul Mani AJ Ra Mo Heny Penguin. Namaskar Pratam Garwal is here from Bangaluru. Um Prianka Javalia. Hello sir. Hello ma'am again. Gurudatarate good evening. Echo 942. Hello Harshai once again. Uh who else do we have? Um Dhj Kamat, good evening, good morning. Yes, Sai Origin.
Uh Mochi, Mochi XO Gaming, all good sir.
I hope you're doing great. Uh who else do we have? Uh Manny is here. Afternoon from UK, afternoon to you. Swami is here from Jaipur. Dir Kamat once again and so many other people. Okay, so let's take some questions. Let us take some questions. I won't be able to greet you all individually, but here we go. Let's go. Uh Amisha Mishra is here. Good evening ma'am. Sati Chakravati good evening Manisha G and and everyone else.
Okay. So Priyanupali puli Priyanui says I read somewhere there are there are trillions worth of oil and gas under Manipur under the ground in Manipur which is why there's a conflict in Manipur by foreign powers. So is that the is that the fact is is that is is that a fact? Let's find out. So let's see what Google has to say about this.
is do we actually have large quantities of oil and gas in Manipur?
How much oil is known to exist under the ground in Manipur?
Yeah, I'm not sure that's the most elegant question, but here we have no proven commercial oil reserves currently exist. Okay, that's what it says. I don't know if it's true or not, but okay.
uh oil exploration licenses to jubilant and so on, Jiribam, Taming Longlong, Churachanpur districts. U early estimates optimistically projected prospective resources of 380 billion to 5 trillion cubic feet of oil in these blocks and exploratory drilling was unsuccessful. No hydrocarb active hydrocarbon reserves were established and the operators formally officially relinquished both blocks back to the government in 2018.
So, no hydrocarbon discoveries is what it says officially. How much gas? Let's see. Natural gas. Natural gas.
Natural gas. Do we know anything? It'll say once again no proven commercial reserves or precise quantities.
Um, looks like looks like uh pro Manipur remains a largely unmapped and untapped exploratory frontier. Now there's a yeah technic tech te tech te tech te tech te tech te tech te tech te tech te tech te tech tectonically active fold zone we have because we know that there are earthquakes in manipur from time to time and there's stiff resistance from local communities and civil societies. I wonder who those local communities are.
Yeah I wonder who those local communities are. I'm sure the indigenous people of Manipur will be happy if there is oil and gas that's discovered Manipur and that leads to you know more jobs, more commercial prospects, more prosperity in locally. I wonder who those local communities are. I wonder.
So, it looks like officially there's nothing known, but yeah, we'll see.
Uh Mary Mary Kane says, "General relativity versus quantum mechanics incompatibility question. Do you think ancient Indian mathematicians understood these foundational frameworks or theories differently?
And if so, what if your ancient Indian data entry cont consensus algorithms could not only identify and rectify anomalies but one night out if the cracks the GR versus QM incompatibility factor and comes up with new math. So uh do I think ancient Indian mathematicians understood these foundational frameworks or theories differently? Well, I don't think so. And I'll tell you why. Because u general relativity is incredibly complicated. You need to understand tensor calculus which is itself incredibly complicated to understand this theory. And this theory was for formulated by Albert Einstein after 7 8 years of extremely hard work. And before Einstein nobody could even imagine the existence of something called something like general relativity.
Uh so before the 20th century there was no comprehension of anything comparable to general relativity the the concept that there are that there's something there's something called spacetime which is a fourdimensional matrix right it's a fourdimensional fabric fabric three dimensions of space and one dimension of time uh there was no concept of that at all anywhere whether it's in Europe whether it's in India or wherever uh so ancient Indian philosophers did understand that there was something called gravity grer right that was understood I'm not sure if it was understood in the Newtonian sense of it being an inverse square uh force or a force that would that act at a distance I'm not sure if that is the case and definitely general relativity is an significant advancement over the Newtonian picture of of gravity uh so general relativity there was no understanding of that in ancient India that needed a very complicated advanced mathematics which at the time did not exist at the time was not known to humans. Now when it comes to quantum mechanics there was no understanding of the quantum universe quantum world before 1900.
Okay. So before the 20th century the existence of the atom was unknown. the atomic the the the idea that atoms existed was not accepted widely in science before the 20th century. I'm talking about in in the west in Europe when it comes to India we've had you know uh there was this this great ancient philosopher named Maharishi Kanad who put forth an atomic hypothesis and an atomic theory that if you keep dividing matter eventually you end up with something called anu or atom which is indivisible right so that's the that's the essentially the birth of the atomic theory or atomic hypothesis There was no experimental way of either proving or disproving it back in the day.
So we had the concept of atoms but how small were atoms and what were molecules I'm not sure that if that was understood and the the the concept of different elements like hydrogen, helium, lithium, neon etc. Argon, krypton all the way to uranium, thorium all that I'm not that obviously was wasn't there. Um so quantum mechanics I mean Indian philosophy does ancient Indian philosophy does throw up ideas that nobody u believed in um or nobody took seriously in the scientific world outside of the scientific world it's in philosophy in spirituality people took it uh seriously yes but in science no one took that seriously until quantum mechanics started throwing up massive questions And even today we don't know how to interpret quantum mechanics. That's why we have multiple interpretations of quantum mechanics and we don't know which one is correct. Things like quantum entanglement things things like uh the multiverse things like quantum immortality and so on. I mean these things these these ideas if you are familiar with Indian philosophy they will sound familiar. So Indian philosophy threw up ideas that quantum mechanics several thousand years later would throw up again. So somehow the ancients came up with ideas by exploring the inner universe that eventually quantum mechanics was able to throw throw out at us. But does it mean that our ancients had an understanding of quantum mechanics? That doesn't it doesn't mean that right. Um so yes um I do not think at all that ancient Indian mathematicians understood either quantum mechanics or general relativity because these concepts did not exist at the time. These concepts are 20th century concepts and we are still working on those right even general relativity is a work in progress because it does have certain minor issues which can become major issues if depending on how uh you look at them. So yeah that's that's uh how I see it. Right.
Okay. Um, let's take some other questions. Uh, Rishab Chri says, "I am from Rajasthan. Many women wear Gunga by choice to honor culture and elders.
Feminists call it oppressive or muggle influence." True. I don't take feminists seriously. Feminism has no place in India. I'm sure a lot of ladies will now feel outraged that I've said this.
Indian ladies.
Uh, so here's the deal. this gungad thing, the wheel, you know, covering your face with a with with a gungad that that sort of thing that's now part of culture. But a thousand years ago, around 10,000, no woman in India did that. Nobody at all. It was alien to India. That sort of behavior, completely alien to India.
that was forced upon us because barbaric foreigners the Turks conquered started conquering parts of India and they regarded uncovered women as pieces of meat that's why women were forced to start covering up their bodies and their faces and they had to start you know remaining indoors and eventually that became culture and tradition so I think that can be discarded today and it's not Indian culture it was it is something that was forced upon Indian culture culture. It's unIndian. It's adharmic.
Okay? There is nothing in any Indian text, religious text that says that women need to show modesty and cover up with their faces and bodies and whatnot.
Nothing whatsoever.
So if feminists call it oppressive, they should understand the root cause of this oppressive u you know tradition. The root cause of the oppressive tradition is the Abrahamic culture that was imposed upon them, upon us, upon our ancestors. Right?
So I am all in favor of any lady who no longer wishes to do that. She she should definitely not do that because that's not part of our culture.
That's something that was that that our ancestors had to do under duress. They had no choice.
Right now feminism, feminists, okay, let's talk about feminism.
A lot of ladies in India, a lot of women, a lot of girls believe that feminism is the is the solution to a lot of problems in India. We have dowry issues. We have eve teasing like they say which is euphemism for sexual harassment, right? And so many other issues in India. Women don't have equality apparently in India, right?
Equal rights and everything and so on.
So if you have issues like dowry, ask yourself is this is this custom of dowry is that Hinduism is is it part of our culture? Does any Hindu text say that you know does it does any Hindu religious text mandate dowry? None does.
No text does. So these are all um defects that crept into Indian society over the past 1,000 years. The uh you know the eve teasing like you say women are harassed in public and so on is that Indian culture. No that's foreign culture that's been that's crept into India in the past 10,000 years. All the problems that women face in India are problems that crept into Indian society over the past 1,000 years because India came under foreign occupation. This is not a defect of Indian culture. Now, feminism itself is a foreign thing to to cleanse Indian society of defects introduced by foreign cultures. Do we need one more foreign introduction into India? No, that's not the solution. The solution is to expune these negative foreign influences from Indian society. That's the solution.
Feminism is not the solution. Feminism is is itself problematic.
Feminism is is most feminist feminism is about hating men. Feminism is about positioning women above men. You should have complimentarity in society. You should have symmetry in society. That's what our culture says. So feminism has no place in India. I disagree with any any any and all feminists. Feminism has no place in India. None whatsoever.
Right. Okay. What do we have? Uh what else? What else? What else do we have?
Some other questions. Uh Dupa says, "Is it possible India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, P uh C one country, one country, one country with no foreign religion? Namaste from Nepal." Namaste G. Is it possible? Well, anything is possible if if India is strong enough. Anything is possible. We can reunite the subcontinent if we are strong enough. Right now, India is not strong enough. Is it possible? Of course, it is possible. Is it possible to do this with no foreign religion?
Well, that's a little more complicated.
I mean, if you talk about Pakistan, Kashmir, everyone there is a Muslim.
Islam is a foreign religion of course, right? Isn't it? I mean, of course it is. It's not an Indian religion. It did not emerge from India. It's a religion that is present in the subcontinent but it did not originate in the subcontinent. It is foreign to the subcontinent.
So if you say no foreign religion, how do you make it happen? That's the question. You can't force them all to to instantaneously give up their foreign religion. They were born into it. I suppose I suppose so P it won't be possible, right? not for a 100 years per 50 years or 100 years at least it'll take that much time to dradicalize these people. So I don't think it's possible.
It's certainly possible to reunify the subcontinent if India is powerful enough uh eventually but with no foreign religion that may take longer. That that that won't be easy right you can't just forcibly you know um force people to stop practicing whatever religion they were born into the people in P especially the younger ones were born into this. So yeah that won't be possible at least uh the next few decades. Yeah.
Um, Aush Singh says, uh, US is going all out for cheap missile under alongside with expensive ones. They learned the lesson.
Well, I'm not sure if they have the ability to quickly start manufacturing cheap missiles.
See, they have something called the military industrial complex, right? And the military-industrial complex specializes in producing extremely expensive weapons.
Okay, that's how they make their money.
Tremendous amounts of money they make.
But they don't know how to make cheap expensive uh inexpensive missiles. They don't know how to do that. I don't see the US doing that right now. Right. So it makes sense for them to produce large quantities of inexpensive missiles. But do they have the ability to do that? I mean it will it will require them to create I mean to to completely rework the supply chains and rework their assembly lines and you know reskill their workers or whatever that's not easy. It'll take a lot of time to do that. So that's that's a long-term solution for them. Right now they don't have the means to make it happen unless they buy inexpensive missiles from somebody. But who from whom? I wonder. I wonder. Okay. Um, once again, US is mass-producing cheap missiles now. Really? Let's find out.
Is the United States mass producing cheap missiles?
Okay. The US is actively mass-producing lowcost missiles and expendable munitions to build deeper inventories and counter saturating threats. The major doctrinal shift moving away from solely relying on million-dollar legacy precision weapons comes involves several targeted platforms. Okay, what is that?
FAM affordable mass munitions. That program is designed to produce procure tens of thousands of lowc cost cruise missiles such as the Anduril Barakuda 500 over the coming years. Over the coming years okay so in the coming years they will make this happen but in the next 6 months it won't happen. That's that's the point I'm making. Okay. uh lowcost containerized missiles initiative. Uh yeah, all that is fine. Large scale conflicts producing high volumes of good enough cheaper cruise missiles which cost about half a million each. Even that is very expensive actually. But okay, commercial offtheshelf components and so on. So they're they're they're obviously clearly learning the lesson. But for them to make this operational will take like they say the coming years. Yes.
There. So there is no short-term solution for the problem the US faces.
This will happen over the coming years.
Yeah. So obviously the lesson is there to be learned but uh how quickly do you pivot is the question. Pivoting will take that.
Um okay what else? What else? Um uh Jagatguru Swami Vearandanda says nonharm is the highest religious principle or nonviolence is the greatest law. Therefore only a strict vegan can claim to be an adherent of the eternal religion sonatan dharma.
Okay. If okay nonharm is the highest religious.
Yeah. Sure. Sure. Dharma says that the highest religious principle, the highest dharmic principle is nonharm. Don't do harm to others. Now, if I eat an apple, if I bite into an apple and I masticate the apple, I'm actively massacring millions of tiny cells, living cells that are part of the body of the apple, the flesh of the apple, the white part of the apple, even the epidermis of the apple, the red part or yellow or green depending on on the kind of apple, that's also living cells, living tissue.
It's alive.
When I slice up a tomato and and um an onion onion and I stir fry that I am what am I doing? That's living tissue.
These are living cells which I'm cooking alive.
Isn't that violence now by the same definition? Or is it okay to do violence to to to plants because they can't scream?
They can't they can't react the way animals do.
So is nonviolence only applicable to animals and not to trees or plants or vegetation?
So is nonviolence only applicable to zoologology and not to bot?
When I chop up a carrot, I'm slicing into living tissue.
When I eat salad, lettuce, arugula, whatever, I'm eating green living tissue alive.
Now, is that not violence?
Living is violence.
Life is a form of violence.
When a cow eats grass, it's eating living tissue alive.
Right? So I'm not sure whether we should take this literally.
Now when it comes to upholding, you know, non-harm, nonviolence, what if you are faced with violent people?
What if your country is under invasion by a bunch of utter barbarians?
Shouldn't should we not harm them?
Should we not end their existence?
Maybe we should so that we can destroy a dharma and and and establish the rule of dharma which is nonviolence. So to establish the rule of nonviolence we must first destroy those who are violent. Correct?
Now to destroy those who are violent.
Okay? They eat a lot of protein.
They eat meat. They eat they kill cows and eat cows. Now I'm not saying we Indians should Hindus should kill cows and eat cows. But Hindus if they for example a thousand years ago when we were faced with the the barbaric Turk invasions what if all our people were just grass eaters or or salad eaters would they have been in a position to fight back no you need protein to fight back and the cleanest form of protein without any BS is meat.
So it's fine in my opinion for some people to eat meat especially those who need the protein so that they can defend and uphold dharma. You need people who are highly skilled in violence and good people at the same time. So all these things are nice in theory. In the real world, the real world is messy. And in dharma, Hindu dharma, sanatan dharma, there is no prescription on eating meat.
Read the riga. Does the riged say you can't eat meat? The foundational text of civilization. The riga. Does it say you can't eat meat? It says no such thing.
Have you do you know what the ashwave the yagna is?
It's a rigid yagna. So what happens in the ash yagna?
Do you chop carrots and tomatoes in the irrig?
Not quite.
So this what you're saying overall is fine. It's fine in theory. It's fine for most people. But the real world is is complicated and there is no prescription in the Hindu dharma in the Vedas especially the riged the oldest and the foundation most foundational Veda that uh you have to be vegan or whatever right there is no such you know exhortation that only that you should not eat meat. Not at all.
Okay, let's take some questions from a the super chat. Yes.
Basar Bandit says Japan seems to be heading towards militarization against China.
You or somebody said within 5 years they will be nuclearized. Your views on this and how Apac dynamics will change as as a result. Well, I have said this for a while. Let's let's let's try and dig this out. Um what have I said? So I have I mean I've said this multiple times on this show the ask show but if you want to see that in writing I'm sure I can bring it out in writing. I mean where where where is it? Okay so this one here um let's put this on the screen. Yes. So it's not me who has said this in originally. It is Shri Henry Kissinger G who said this. Okay. This is a tweet of mine from March 7, 2025.
in and I'm quoting Mr. Kissinger, the late Mr. Kissinger who said this in 2023 that Japan is heading towards becoming a nuclear power in 5 years.
Yeah. So I won't be surprised if that happens and Mr. Henrik Kissinger had seen he probably the you know the most experienced diplomat of all time at least the 20th century he he saw it all.
So if he said something we should take it seriously. So it's it's possible.
Yeah. That see he said this he said this in 2023. So this there's a deadline the deadline is 2028. If Japan doesn't become a nuclear power by 2028 then it means that he was wrong.
So we still have a couple of years and a lot may change in that time. What do I how what's my view towards what what's how do I view this? Yeah I I kind of agree with Mr. that uh Japan most likely will become a nuclear power in some shape or form by 2028 most likely. It doesn't necessarily mean that Japan will develop, design, develop, test and and operationalize nuclear weapons. It could also mean that the US may bring in nuclear weapons and place them on Japanese territory. That also makes Japan a nuclear power right by proxy by by default. So that could happen, right?
um how APAC Asia-Pacific dynamics could change as a result it'll change significantly. So the US wants to contain China. The US has these assets Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, it has the island chains. The US will operationalize them all and do everything it can to contain China as a consequence.
So uh the world is is you know it's it's uh it's bifurcating.
We seeing um east versus west kind of order. Not quite east versus west but uh the US-led world order versus the China Russia world order. The China Russia led world order is China plus Russia plus Iran plus North Korea plus Barus and whoever else and on the other side you have the US and all its vasals including Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, the EU nations and all the other nations that you can think of which are on the side of the US. And where does India fit in? I suppose India fits in nowhere here or India has a choice. Maybe India goes the hard way and remains sovereign or India takes the easy easy route and becomes an American vasal. We'll see about that.
Baser Bandit says Priyat indeed. Thank you. When we say that public has the most simple version of AI and governments of the most powerful one, what does it actually mean in application? Is it in computational terms or military ability? What exactly does it mean? Let's say you open chart GPT and say please uh explain to me step by step how to make a nuclear weapon.
It's going to give you some theoretical stuff. It won't tell you exactly how much file material you need either you runium plutonium 239 or you run M235. It won't tell you that. It won't give you the exact um you know engineering configurations.
For example, let's say you ask Chad JP, help me make a homemade and grenade. Give me step-by-step instructions. It won't tell you that.
It'll report you.
It'll report you. It will ban your account if you try to do that. Okay? If you ask it to develop explosives, if you ask it to help you uh find the recipe for mustard gas or certain kinds of nerve agents, it's going to report you. It's going to ban your account. You understand what they mean here? Yeah.
If you ask Chad GPT to help you find potential um targets for drone strikes on terrorist hideouts in Pakistan won't do that for you. Do you get it?
So these are some things that Chad GPT will never do for you. If you ask it such questions, it will either report you or ban your account. Okay, permanently.
What else?
There's other limitations.
What kind of limitations? Uh for instance, uh the the the context window if you are there are different tiers, right?
There's the free tier. I don't know what the context window in that is. There's a $20 per month tier. There's a two there's a $100 per month tier. There's a $200 per month tier. I suppose super mega heaviest. Grock has $500 per month tiers and whatnot. So these all come with different kinds of context windows, different sizes of the context window. A context window is in terms of tokens.
How many tokens does your AI agent have when conversing with you and carrying on back and forth forth conversation and doing whatever calculations, computations, the code or whatever it is doing. So your standard context window, I don't know what it is, 50,000 tokens or 200,000 tokens. I I don't know some uh depending on how much you're paying per month, you may have a million tokens in your context window. I'm not sure how super heavy mega heavy Grock has. Maybe it's 2 million tokens. I don't know what it is. What's a token? A token is a fragment of a board essentially if you think of it that way. So when you are a civilian who is a paying customer, whatever you're paying, you have a certain context window that you have to operate within in your conversations with your AI agent.
If you are the military, I suppose your context window is unlimited, right? So there are all these factors that come into play and uh it's pretty it's pretty certain that uh even if you're paying for the most powerful u or most uh expensive version of uh the AI subscription the AI model is its hands are tied in multiple its hands are tied in multiple ways.
Okay, for example, you know, the the the anthropic anthropic did not release a certain model of cloud cloud mythos. It simply did not release it to the public.
It released it to uh corporations and enterprises. So, I'm sure there is a mega mythos out there that's been given to the US military and that will be the most capable version of the thing. So that's that's the deal, you know, that's what I mean by the public has your standard cookie cutter versions of AI and the government, not the governments, the government, the US government has the most powerful one.
Okay. Rohan Sura says, can someone from a thy to CLG college in life succeed in life? CLG means college, I suppose. Yes.
Tire to college. Can someone from a tire to college succeed in life? Absolutely no question about it. Of course, somebody from a tier 2 college can succeed in life.
What's stopping you? Unless you are thinking about where will I get a good job. Now start your own business.
Do something. Create something. You can become a millionaire, a billionaire.
You may it doesn't you don't even need to have a college education to be to become a billionaire in 20 years. You don't need that.
Okay, if you know how to succeed in business, it doesn't matter what your education is, what educational qualifications are.
So my answer in very short is it doesn't matter what college you come from or whether you got go to college or not. It doesn't matter at all. No matter where you came come from, no matter what your educational background is, whether you have qualifications or no qualifications, it doesn't matter. It's immaterial. If you have it and you to succeed, you will succeed. All right.
Lipy the lion says, "Building upon my last question." Which last question?
From a previous episode, I suppose maybe. So, you're talking about a previous question that I can't remember, but okay. See, even my context window is limited.
So the question is as the entropy increases with black hole surface area can it become zero at the singularity where time itself stops?
No.
Does time stop at the singularity?
That's again an undefined question. Sing the singularity is a division by zero essentially. So time itself and all these things are undefined at the at the singularity.
We're not even sure if the singularity actually physically exists. Most likely it does not. It's simply a flaw in the equations in the Einstein field equations. Now entropy increases with black hole surface area. Entropy is pro proportional to the surface area of the black hole. What surface? The surface is the event horizon. For a non-rotating uncharged black hole u the radius of the black hole which it's going to be spherical. So the radius of the sphere is going to be uh 2 mg by c^² where m is the mass of the black hole, g is capital g which is Newton's universal gravitational constant and c is the speed of light. So that's your r and based on that you can calculate the surface area of the black hole and entropy is going to be proportional to the surface area of the black hole which is the area of the event horizon. So as a black hole gets larger for whatever reason obviously the the entropy will increase because the surface area is larger. Now if a black hole evaporates and becomes smaller the entropy also decreases as a consequence.
Okay.
Now so the entropy of the black hole depends on the surface area of the black hole.
Entropy cannot go all the way. I mean the singularity the singularity is inside the black hole. Entropy depends on the surface of the black hole. So there's no connection with the singularity. Do you understand? There is no connection between the entropy of a black hole black hole and the singularity of the black hole. It's not like as we go inside the black hole the entropy decreases. No entropy is that of the black hole itself the entire system and that's proportional to the surface area. it has nothing to do with the singularity.
Now if a black hole becomes smaller and smaller and eventually it becomes zero then there's no entropy left. So the point is there is no connection between the entropy of a black hole and this singularity that may or may not exist at the heart of the black hole.
There is no way of knowing whether time itself stops at the singularity. The singularity is an undefined mathematical object because it's a division by zero.
And it's not like we can go take slices into the black hole and go inside the black hole and entropy decreases. No, the entropy is that of the black hole as an as as an entire system and that is proportional to the surface to the area of the surface of the black hole. All right.
Omali says back in class 67 that's a decade ago, I had a teacher who was ultra toxic. What's the right solution of getting over th as those thoughts still trouble me?
You had a nasty teacher back in class 6 and seven. Why do those thoughts trouble you?
So I I I don't know. I mean why the thoughts would trouble you? I mean everybody faces some nasty things in various points in life but somehow it's affecting you, right?
It's still still troubling you. Maybe he or she said something something nasty or or had consistently nasty behavior.
I I have no idea what what the exact situation was circumstances are but some trauma in your past is troubling you essentially. That's what you're saying.
And the trauma was caused by this ultra toxic teacher and that's still troubling you. Well, I'm not sure if I'm the right person to answer this question. This sounds like it's a psychological trauma that you have suffered and you are unable to let go of that. I would highly recommend if it is troubling you, if it's causing problems in your life, go to a professional, a professional psychiatrist, psychologist, whatever it is, psychologist, psychiatrist, I don't know which one, one of those two. And and have this have this addressed professionally. I'm not sure what this what what the solution to this is. Uh I I personally have never faced this sort of thing. No, it's not like I had I never had the toxic teachers.
Everybody's had toxic teachers. We've all had that. But it's never affected me. So I don't know what the solution is since I have never faced that. So I would highly recommend go to a professional, take professional help and get rid of the problem. All right sir. All the best.
Kakashi says Shashit Tarur, one of the few leftist nationalists we have, was refused entry into Mumbai Beach Club in the 70s because he was not not yet white.
Yeah, I'm hearing this this sort of nonsense these days. Uh, first of all, I may not necessarily agree or disagree with your characterization of Mr. Tarur.
So, no comments about that. But he's an Indian and was he refused entry into a Mumbai beach club in the 70s? Let's find out.
Was that is that true?
Was Shashi Tarur ever refused entry into a Mumbai club in the 1970s?
Yes, Shashi Tarun was expelled from a Mumbai club but it happened in the mid60s. So Tarur was thrown out of the exclusive colonial era breach candy club in South Bombay because he was Indian.
He had been brought into the pool by an American classmate who assumed the club would overlook Tarur's race.
Would you believe it?
Racist provision.
So Congress member of parliament Shashit Rur recalled being thrown out of the Mumbai's elite breach candy club in the 1960s as the controversy surrounding the proposed takeover whatever whatever okay uh d okay what else posted there is absolutely no acceptable justification for a racist provision to survive on government land or non-government land Mr. the what I saying to say the club's constitution requires it is ridiculous.
What about India's constitution?
So he said I myself was thrown out of the breach candy club in Bombay in the 1960s where an American classmate hoped ignore he could ignore the whites and take an Indian friend along. This was India 20 years after independence. So my question is, is that still the case?
Uh, let's see this um this tweet. It's going to open in a new tab. So let me open the new tab.
Give me a second.
So let's open this eyes on Bridge Candy Club. It can't have diplomatic immunity. It must be Indian.
Let's read this. Bridge Candy Club. It's probably the most racist club of India.
If you're Indian, your chances of managing affairs in the club are negligible. You need to be European or of European descent.
Yet from its earlier days, it's a big improvement. Mo most clubs in Mumbai banned Indians until 1947. Breach Candy Club as well. After 1947, most clubs permitted Indians to become members. But Breach Pandi Club did not. They allowed Indians only in 1960. Even the diplomat and politician Shashit Tarur was given that lesson when a child when as a child he tried to enter the club. His foreigner host invited him but the entry was not permitted. You did not just need to not be European. You needed to even look European. A French woman was so so tan that everywhere every time she had to carry her passport to ensure she was permitted inside.
Indians were permitted entry into the club in the 1960s because of a black American diplomat. The black diplomat was brought by his white colleague for a swim but was shunted away. The Americans protested. It triggered an outrage that eventually opened the doors to Indians.
Even today, this tweet is from May 26, 2026. Even today, Indians are not allowed voting or management power of the club. Even today, the management of the club is almost out of bounds for plain vanilla Indians. The odds of a European chef becoming a member with authority are probably higher than that of a young Indian CEO of a unicorn. Is it the most racist club of India? This club should be immediately banned.
What kind of a joke is this?
Yeah. What kind of a joke is this abysmal breach candy club? This should this thing should be shut down immediately and whoever is running this club should be arrested and thrown into jail. As simple as that.
this racism against Indians in India.
Whoever has been running this club in the past 50 since the 1960s or whenever, whoever is still alive should be arrested and thrown into jail and this club should be shut down or it should be brought under new management and those who have been running it should be banned for life or should be should be jailed for life as I would say.
India is a clown show in so many ways, isn't it?
Absolute clown show of a country.
Seriously.
Ran Hapana says it's it looks like temporary nation Pakistan never going to vanish. Patience, patience, sir.
Patience.
Kakashi says, "Can cancer be cured? Is there already one not released?" Is there already one not released? One what?
I'm not sure one what can cancer be cured? I'm sure lots of people get cured of cancer if if if the cancer is caught reasonably early what you do is you have surgery then you have radiation then you have chemotherapy or maybe all in parallel and in a lot of cases people get cured of cancer.
There are certain kinds of cancer that are harder to to to cure to treat I suppose but a lot of cases of cancer are reasonably you know reasonably curable. Yeah. And there's some there's word of some vaccine that's been developed in Russia and uh let's see let's find out a Russian cancer vaccine right that was announced and it was apparently made available to all Russian citizens. Has a cancer vaccine been developed in Russia?
So yes, so Russia has developed experimental therapeutic cancer vaccine even though they are currently in early clinical trials and have not yet received widespread approval for general public use.
Personalized mRNA vaccines, there are two main technologies developed by Russian institutions.
So personalized mRNA vaccines developed by Gama National Research Center. These vaccines are customized to a patient's individual tumor mutations to teach the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. Russian health officials have reported the start of early clinical applications including for melanoma and enththerix an encolytic vaccine developed by the federal medical and biological agency FMBA that uses a combination of viruses to simultaneously target malignant cells and activate the patients innate immunity. These are therapeutic not preventive therapeutic vaccines designed to treat existing cancers and prevent recurrence rather than prophylactic vaccines like the HPV shot that are meant to prevent tumors from forming in the first in the in the first place. So it's in the early stage.
There are promising early stage results but the vaccines have only been tested in a very small in very in very small sample sizes. They still require larger scale phase three trials and independent peer-reviewed data from global journals blah blah blah. Okay. So there's some progress on this front and maybe I I wish the Russians the best if they can make this happen. All right.
Kakashi says views on J Sai Deepak Sanjie San Vikramat. I don't comment on individuals unless they are global leaders.
So no comments.
Ammon Kumar Dankar says how a person better in visuals can develop reading.
how a person better in visuals can develop reading.
Uh so you mean that you learn better or you you you prefer visuals, images or video and you learn through that or you just enjoy that but you want to develop the habit of reading. How do you do that? So how do you develop the skill or the habit of reading? I'll tell you how.
Start by reading one page in a day.
Do that for a week. One page in a day.
One page of a book will take 2, three minutes, maybe five minutes. Let's say for seven days, every single day at a certain time, whenever possible, read one page.
Next 7 days, read two pages.
Next seven days, read three pages a day.
Next seven days, read four pages a day.
So in a month, you've gone from reading one page a day to full reading four pages a day.
Then keep on adding one page every every week. So in 20 weeks you'll be reading 20 pages a day. 20 weeks is 5 months.
You'll be reading 20 pages a day in 20 weeks. Okay?
In 30 weeks you'll be reading 30 pages a day. So that's how you develop the habit of reading. You get better and better the more you read. You your reading speed increases every time. every single time a little bit maybe by 0.1% or whatever but it keeps increasing and eventually you'll be able to consume absorb a lot of information and then you'll be able to go way beyond 20 30 pages maybe you'll be able to do 100 pages a day. Yeah. So if you want to be any in any position of importance or responsibility you have to be you need to have the ability to absorb information quickly in the written form not in audiovisisual form.
Reading is the fastest way of in which a human being can absorb information because if you listen to a podcast I mean I'm not saying it's a bad way of doing things but podcasts are also great but podcast is the spoken word which is much slower than typically how fast you can read. So there we have it right that's how we do it. All the best sir.
Hersha says, "If I have a victim mindset, should I take pride in God pride or should I take cast pride for motivation?
Uh if I have a victim mindset, should I take pride in God pride or should I take cast pride for motivation?
I have no idea. Um I I I I'm not sure what you're asking here. Should you take pride in God pride?
What does that mean?
Should I take cast pride for motivation?
I have no idea, sir. For motivation.
Whatever works for you, take it. Okay.
All right.
Deepen Vadwa says, "I'm Cindi and no one talks about our history. I'd love to learn from you. Much respect favorite YouTuber and Barati. Thank you so much.
See the thing is I myself am not very clear in in detail about Sundi history.
Right. Uh the the the story of the Sundi people is tragic. Of course. Of course the Cindi Hindus who are made to who are made to who were forcibly asked to depart from their homeland Cind and who were uprooted the brutally who had to escape with their lives to India and then who had to start lives from scratch from zero in India and still the Cindi community has been very successful in business and so many other things right I'm sure we all know some Cindi people who are generally very successful So overall fantastic job by the Cindi people. The history of Cindi is not something I'm very familiar with. Uh the deep history of Sinda. Sure.
I mean Cinda was the first part of India that fell to foreign invasions. Right.
I'm talking about the Turo Arabic invasions. Muhammad bin Kasim and Rajad Dahir and all that. It's all the past thousand plus years. It's been tragic.
Deeper history.
Well, Cind right. So, Sind was the Indian frontier. Vizavi Persia.
Balachasan from time to time was part of Persia from time to time. Right now, Baljasthan half of it is part of Persia.
So, synth was essentially the frontier, the western frontier frontier of India.
Um, yeah. And I'm sure pretty deep history but uh I'm not any kind of expert in Cindi history so I won't be able to teach you unfortunately. All right.
Thank you sir. Kakashi says Jay Kiryaku CIA agent claimed on ANI podcast. He came on the ANI podcast. They are calling Kiryaku on the ANI podcast.
Okay. Uh so Jay Kiryaku a CIA agent claimed on ANI podcast that Pakistani military leadership especially under Musharaf was US puppet and US and Pentagon controls Pakistani nuclear security. Looks like John Kiryaku has been watching me cuz I have been saying this for a long time about the nuclear aspect.
Everybody in the world knows that Pakistan is a the Pakistani army, the Pakistani military is US. It's a bunch of US puppets. He's not made some gigantic revelation that the world never knew before. Everyone knows the Pakistani military is controlled by the US. They are American puppets. Everyone knows this. It's not some great new thing that he has brought in front of the world and illuminated the world with his brilliance. Everyone knows that. We knew that before he was born. So, but this other aspect is interesting that the US controls Pakistani nuclear security. No, they don't control Pakistani nuclear security. The Pakistani nuclear weapons are American weapons are American nukes and Pakistani territory.
And it's American technicians and officials who actually control those nuclear weapons. I have no evidence of this but I have a brain. Okay.
Such sat says Chandrean 2 discovers water ice at Shackleton Ridge.
A week later NASA selected this as the location of their moon base with territory claim. Meanwhile, Gaganyan is delayed. We are a clown show. Yes, we are a clown show. Correct. Yes, we are a clown show. This country has no ambition.
No ambition.
So it is an Indian spacecraft Chandrean 2 that discovered for the first time in human history the presence of water on the moon. And now we know that there is plenty of water in the permanently shadowed portions of craters on the moon in the South Pole region. And the US is now going to send astronauts to that region and they're going to start claiming territory there.
guarantee and what are we doing? We have not yet launched a human being into Earth orbit even now.
The Indian space program is proceeding at snail space.
Not a serious country. Seriously.
Seriously, not a serious country. It's it's super frustrating to see the complete lack of ambition India shows in these frontier sectors.
It's like India is determined to remain a mediocre third rate nation.
Right? And then people said that I criticize the government.
Uh I don't know how to read that. Okay.
You're Galab Galab from Assam. Okay. Uh I've been following you since I was in college 2021. Well, thank you so much.
That's that's quite a while. Yeah. I started the Askab show in 2021. So, thank you so much for having been a viewer since that since 2021. Thank you.
Now, I'm pursuing a PhD.
Fantastic. I'm determined to do good work for our society. I'm so glad to hear that you've inspired me greatly.
Thank you so much. Well, thank you so much. Thank you so much. Uh I'm so happy to hear this. I'm glad that you are now pursuing your PhD and I wish you the best in your endeavors. I wish you great success in doing great work for our society. We need young, talented, ambitious, capable, bright young people like you.
And I wish you the best. I wish you the best. I wish you great success. Thank you so much sir.
Adity Adam says harsh geography harsh harsh religion.
Islam's hate for son. Um harsh geography harsh religion. Uh no comment sir. I do not comment about certain specific religions. I it's best not to. Sorry. Uh ICMBBS says hi after a while. Well hi.
Good to have you back. So you've been saying for some time that there would be some hard times for the next 20 years.
Is the devaluation of the rupee the start? Not necessarily. That's fine. Uh that's fine. That's not necessarily the the the the start of hard times. Um the hard times started in 2022 when India made the right choice by refusing to join US and Western sanctions on Russia. And not only that, we decided to start purchasing way more oil than we were doing from Russia.
So we made it very clear. We laid down a line in the sand that we are a sovereign nation. We will not go along with whatever you say. That was the beginning of the hard times. That was the start of the hard times. We are now in the hard times. The devaluation of the rupee.
It's not the devaluation of the rupee.
It's the rupees worth going down. Devaluation means the government. So devaluation is a process that's done by the government. The rupee is not being devalued by the government of India. It's a free floating currency.
Right? So um yeah it's right now I mean a few years ago it was at 80 rupees to the dollar. A few couple of decades ago it was less than 50 per the dollar. Now it's almost what 95 or something 95 or so rupees to the dollar. So yeah that's that's obviously a sign of the fact that India is not a major manufacturer of anything of importance for the world right India has had more than a decade to become a manufacturing power and we haven't really successfully succeeded in successfully doing that so there's nothing that India produces that the world can't do without India is mostly a consumer more a producer and that's the problem, right?
That's why the rupee isn't doing well.
So, this is not really a sign of the hard times.
That's not brought upon us by outsiders.
This is our own fault. We have failed to become a manufacturing power.
We have failed to attract manufacturing investment and we have failed to make people move away from other countries and manufacture in India.
We have not made it easy for for foreign companies to manufacture it in India.
It's so difficult to acquire land.
Electricity is expensive compared to other countries. Water is expensive. All the red tape.
We're essentially telling people to to go elsewhere.
That's the problem in India. All the overregulation, all the red tape. So difficult to do business in India. No one wants to do it, right?
Tesla isn't doing it. So many others aren't doing it. Maybe Tesla there are political reasons or whatever. But yeah, so that's why the rupee isn't doing well because India manufactures nothing that the world can't do without.
But the hard time started in 2022.
Aayushi says how did Chota be defeat Kada? I have never seen Chabim so I can't say.
Atrocious cartoon. Can't stand it. So I mean these Indian cartoons they are designed to lower the IQ of children.
Seriously if you watch Indian cartoons you will see that they are designed to lower the IQ of children to dump children down.
I have never had the misfortune of watching Tota Beam.
Right. So Kabira says what do you think of Alex Karp? Who is Alex Karp? I've heard the name. The name does ring a bell wiggly, but who is Alex Karp? Let's let's find out. I don't know who it is.
Alex Karp.
Who's this person?
American business. Oh, Palanteer. Okay.
Okay. Okay. Palanteer. Um, yeah, of course. Palanteer.
What do I think of him? I I don't I don't really know that much about him, so I can't really say. See, I don't I could not even remember who it was. I of course know about Palanteer but I don't know about him in any specific detail. So sorry don't know what I think of him.
Ashoto Malgunker. Thank you very much sir. Indeed.
Siki Kachara says how no can we ever reconcile with our historical past especially the Islamic conquest of India and the aftermaths we still we can we see till today? If we can't, what happens? Uh, what do you mean by reconcile?
The past is the past.
We have to understand exactly what happened without whitewashing or hiding things or or explaining things away conveniently, without pointing out the actual facts.
So what we need to do is we need to come face to face with what actually happened. Right now the problem in India is that India is a society that has PTSD and amnesia at the same time.
PTSD is posttraumatic stress disorder that comes when that happens when you have gone through some extremely traumatic events. It's something that generally soldiers face when they have been in horrific battles and they've survived them and they've they've finally retired from the armed forces and they've come back to the civilian life and they simply can't live a normal life because they are haunted by the experiences they've had. So that's PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder. Indian society has gone through incredible incredible trauma the past two and a half centuries of British occupation where hundreds of millions were killed through artificial famines. That's one. And before that you had more than a few hundred millions killed during the Turkish occupation of India. Maybe 500 million, maybe a billion, we don't know. Over maybe 500 million over a period of 7, 8, 9 centuries.
Not in one day. Some geniuses will now try to point out how can it happen.
Yeah, there are plenty of geniuses out there. So, we've had incredible trauma.
That is what has caused the PTSD in Indian society. But amnesia is also there. We don't know what happened. Your teachers won't teach you what happened.
Your textbooks won't tell you what happened.
They will say, "Oh, Akbar was a very good king."
Yeah. Akbar was a great secular king. He never killed 30,000 women and children one day in Chiar. No, never happened.
The Turks did not kill hundreds of millions of Indians. Never happened.
Never happened. They were all secular.
Surva what whatever it is dang jamuni whatever they'll teach you that that BS they'll say Lord William Bentik was a great man Lord well tried to reform society Lord Macaulay was a great reformer this sort of BS they will teach you so that you never know what happened to you to you and your ancestors that's the problem can we reconcile can we actually come face to face with what really happened in our past of course we can of course we can it's of course possible Then we will understand why our society is is so beset by trauma by PTSD.
If we can't then we are doomed.
Yeah.
Dhir Kamat says I have been able to get AI to provide me prohibited information on multiple occasions. It's very easy to gaslight and coers. Well, I'll tell you what. There's something called jailbreaks.
Okay. So there were times like in the early 2020s maybe 22 23 when people used to publish jailbreaks on Twitter that if you you know prompt chat GPT in some specific ways then you will be able to work around its limitations. It's going to provide you the information that it's not supposed to provide prohibited information like how to how to synthesize DMT or whatever how to make uh what the breaking bad substance meth right uh so there were there were ways of doing that you know jailbreaking AI try doing that today you're going to lose your account so it may still work today in certain cases but you are playing with fire. If you value your account, you don't do such things.
Okay? And today's AIS, they're not that easy to gaslight in course.
I mean, there are certain ways of doing it which I won't which um I would rather I would be it would be unwise to reveal here. There are certain ways of doing things.
Yeah. Yeah. But but overall even if you try those means certain things it won't tell you right.
Yeah. So there are there are certain ways of of you know manipulating AI and so on. But let's say eventually it knows who you are. So you can't gaslight it.
That's the problem. Okay.
Kakashi says apples don't feel pain.
They are not conscious. That's fine.
It's not about pain. It's about nonharm.
It's about nonharm. It's not about feeling pain or not. It's not about whether the organism has a c central nervous system or not. It's not about that. It's about nonharm.
When you destroy a living organism, there is harmed whether it feels pain or not. Do you understand?
Do you understand? That's my point. My point is not central nervous system. If an organism does not have a central nervous system, it can't feel pain.
That's what we believe. I'll tell you something. H for the longest time even today a lot of people believe that it's perfectly fine to boil crabs and lobsters alive because they don't feel pain.
They don't feel pain.
It's fine to boil shrimps alive. They don't feel pain.
They do have a central nervous system.
Let me tell you something else. H let's go and find out from Google. Until when were children and infants operated upon without anesthesia infants. So surgeons routinely operated on infants without anesthesia into the late 1980s.
Medical professionals erroneously believed that infants could not feel pain or that their nervous systems were too immature to process it instead relying solely on muscle relaxations to kill to keep the babies still.
Okay.
So your and it was Dr. Kamaljit Anand who published research proving infants not only feel pain but experience it more intensely than adults. So your best medical professionals until the 1980s told you infants don't feel pain. You can operate upon them without anesthesia.
Today the best scientists will tell you apples don't feel pain.
You sure about that? Maybe someday we will realize even the apples feel pain and tomatoes feel pain.
Infants have a central nervous system.
Still experts believe they don't they did not feel pain.
So all these arguments don't work my friends.
Okay? We have no way of knowing what act apples actually feel or what bananas feel. This is living tissue we're talking about.
A kohi are veg and we can get protein from veg. All that is fine. Hindus can you will get protein from veg but you will have to eat enough protein the the the amount of food that a cow eats. A cow eats from morning till night.
How does a bull become bull like massive by eating grass. But have you seen how much grass he has to eat to become that large? He has to graze from morning till nightum eating eating eating eating rubinating.
So yeah, you can use veg vegetarian products to become large and massive and get enough protein but you will have to eat ridiculous amounts of protein to do that. Sure you can get protein from pulses, legumes, from your uh beans and dals and chanas and all the red kidney beans but that comes with a truckload of carbohydrates.
The cleanest way to get protein without any other BS is by is by eating meat.
Now the third question you're asking is can Hindus eat beef that is not cow bulls? No.
No.
Cow, bull, same thing. Same species. You can't eat. It is what it is. I didn't make up the rules, right? You can't. You can eat buffalo if you want. Buffalo is not prohibited.
Even though in my eyes buffalo and cow are the same thing, but but yeah, technically buffalo is allowed, right? So you can't eat cow or bull meat, but if you want meat that tastes exactly the same, I suppose it you can eat buffalo meat. That's that's fine. Or bison. If you go to North America, you don't want to eat hamburger with calat.
Eat eat a bison burger. I supposedly taste the same as beef. It's almost the same thing, I suppose. Right. Okay.
Okay.
Raj says, "How are you?" I'm great.
Thank you. I hope you're doing great as well. If a quantum particle is in superp position uh two different places at the same time before wave function collapse, will it curve St at both positions? What's ST?
Um, a particle being in a superp position, does it mean it's actually in two places at the same time?
And before wave function collapse, will it curve ST at both positions?
You see, let's understand this concept. Okay, first of all, what is this wave function that you're talking about?
What is the wave function? The wave function is a mathematical object. Okay, it's a mathematical object. It's not a real thing. It's a mathematical object.
It has something. It has a density. What is this density?
It is probability density.
So let's say we're talking about an electron in a hydrogen atom.
So this system is going to have a wave function.
The electron is going to have a wave function. And if you plot the wave function, it you'll get orbitals depending on what state it is in.
orbitals are essentially places regions around the nucleus where there's a high probability of this thing being in existence.
So your electron has a wave function which is a bunch of probabilities in different points in space.
Now be unless you make an observation you have no idea where it is.
So it could be in multiple places at the same time potentially. That's what we mean by that. Okay, let's understand clearly what we mean by that. It doesn't necessarily mean it's in two places at the same time. It means it there's a finite probability that could be here, here, here, here, here, here, here at the same time, but it may not be everywhere at the same time potentially.
Or maybe it could. We don't know. That's the point. That's the problem in quantum mechanics. So when we say a particle is in two places at the same time, it doesn't necessarily mean it actually is, but there is a chance it is. And we see this sort of effect in quantum mechanics. For example, the in the double slit experiment, if you shoot a single electron at a double slit, it's a wall with two very small thin slits in it. You shoot an electron, a single electron at that thing, the electron will pass through both slits at the same time.
Not only that, it'll interfere with itself like a wave. So that's the deal with in quantum mechanics. You have wave particle duality.
So when we say a particle is in two places at the same time, it doesn't necessarily mean it is exactly in two places at the same time. It may be it may not be. We don't know is the point.
We don't know. We only know that there is a probability density. And when the wave function collapses, it happens when you make an observation.
Then you know exactly where the particle is. which means the whole wave function of all these different probabilities has collapsed to just one place one point in space not time space there's no time in quantum mechanics there is time but it's classical so that's the deal I don't know what st is that what what is what do you mean by st will it curve st will it curve st so I'm not sure what uh curve st what do you mean by curve st or curve spacetime you mean Yes. Do you mean spacetime?
Quantum mechanics does not work in curved spaceime.
Quantum mechanics does not work in curved spacetime.
Quantum mechanics works in flat space with time as an external classical parameter.
There's no curvature of anything in quantum mechanics. You try to do that, you get a big mess. So no, no, not that.
Okay. RTX arr says namaskar. Namaste.
Your views and thoughts on isuram.
Isour vidam. What is an azour vidam? Is it a medicine?
Azour vidam. Let's find out what it is.
Is it a medicine or some drug or something? E zur r v e d a m. What is this vidam?
Azour Vam is a forgery consisting of certain Vic materials translated by Jesuits with the intention of isolating elements most in harmony with Christianity.
Rather than being an original Sanskrit work, the Azure Vidam turned out to be a French text that was written by French Zwitz and meant to be translated into Sanskrit. A manuscript called Azure Vam was given to Walter in 1760 by Louison Fer count of Mudav. The text was in French and said to be a French translation of a Sanskrit original. Walt was enthusiastic about the work had it copied and brought to the attention of others. However, by 1761, Walt regarded the text to be a mere commentary on the Vedas. Clearly, it was shallow and superficial. It was first published in 1778.
The genuiness of the Azu Vidam was quite in 1782. The doubts were confirmed in 1822. Rather than an original Sanskrit work, the Azuadam turned out to be a French text that was written by French Jesuits and meant to be translated into Sanskrit.
Okay. So why did these clowns want to translate a French text into Sanskrit?
Then they would claim that you know what the Sanskrit text is inferior and these Vedas are wrong. French Jesuits, troublemakers, thieves. Who are the Jesuits? The Jesuits are church scientists.
They have they typically have formal training in the sciences.
Okay. And their job is to travel the world, infiltrate cultures, show that you are very interested in the culture and you learn the languages and learn the texts and all and then you steal whatever information is valuable from those in those cultures and take it bring it back to the Vatican. That's what Jesuits their job was. Francis Xavier was a Jesuit.
Francis Xavier.
All right.
So Malia Paul says last qu last week my question was muddled you got you not got it. Okay Modi in Europe makes sense how Modi is not in Europe. Modi is in India.
Okay let's read the whole thing. Modi in Europe makes sense how EU is US Vasal needs DC Washington DC nod like North Korea is Chinese Vasal. Masters control everything. Why meet servants when ambassadors hold the leash?
Okay.
So you're saying that the EU is a bunch of American vasals, which is correct.
Yes. Is correct. Yes. Is very good. So EU is US vasal. It needs DC nod.
So why meet the servants when the masters hold the leash? That actually is a good question. So Mr. Modi did visit Europe and he went to multiple countries and so on.
Why do that?
I mean we have done this India Europe trade deal right at the beginning of this year I think on the republic day where when is republic day 26th of January um republic day India 26th of January so uh the India EU trade deal when is it supposed to be ratified by Europe when is the India EU new trade deal expected to be ratified by the EU.
It it was signed in January this year.
The India EU free trade agreement is expected to be ratified by the EU and take effect in early 2027.
So following the conclusion of negotiations, the DEX is undergoing legal vetting and translation. The final deal will subsequently require formal approval from the Council of the EU and consent from the European Parliament.
It's a long process and the Americans can certainly put throw a spanner into the works.
Right. So yeah, it's true that you are absolutely correct in saying that the US is the master of the EU. Everything the EU does needs a nod from Washington DC.
Right? So why meet the servants when masters hold the leash? Well, maybe we can get some deal from the from the servants that the master will approve.
So they have to go to the master for approval, not us.
Right?
So maybe it makes sense that way. You are right. The EU needs a nod from Washington DC for everything. This free trade agreement that's been signed, the US can block it if it wants. There's already rumors that maybe the EU the the the the thing will not be ratified until late late next year which is very problematic and which could indicate that the US is trying to interfere and meddle and delay things.
Um so the thing is you go to Europe, you do whatever then behind the door, behind the scenes they will have to take an approval from the US but they have to do it not us.
It makes sense and at least even if we agree to 20 things even if we get five of those still that's progress that that could be beneficial for India.
So I think it still makes sense to do that, right? And many of the EU nations actually aren't happy being was Yeah. Many of these nations aren't happy being vasals. They are in no position to to to protest that or to make or to change anything about the situation. But they aren't happy. One great example is the is France. They aren't happy.
That's why India and and and France when we negotiate and when we come to to decisions to agreements the US often can't come in the way.
So I think it still makes sense for India to engage with Europe.
Sagnik Achar says anyone from tire three college read books be hands-on. Yeah, absolutely. Not not necessarily only tier three colleges. Tire two, tire one, wherever you are from. Read books, gain knowledge that's separate from what you are taught in in in class. Be hands-on.
Try things. Create something. Break something. Not big. Break something small. Experiment. Try things. Be hands-on.
Learn how to learn how to make things.
Learn how to create things. Yeah. All right. Good. Good advice.
Famous Georgian guy. I wonder I wonder who that is. Famous Georgian guy says do you know that life expectancy in the republic of Ingushety is comparable to uh Denmark is Deutsland Denmark even though GDP per capita is comparable to India and having no industry. I have no idea about this. Let's find out.
Republic of Inguetya first of all where is that? Let's discover Republic of Ingushetya.
So Kovkas, it's Kovkas.
What do I mean by that? The Caucasus region. Okay, here Georgia.
So that's where it is located. If you want to see on the map, okay, let's let's go and find it on the map. Give me a second. So we shall first locate this thing on the map and then we shall look up the actual uh data.
So if you look at the map, we have to go all the way here and north of Georgia.
Now we say here we have it.
Zoom out and there we have it. Vlad Kavkas is not initia but it's nearby. So this little place is the Republic of Ingusettya. Okay. It is north of Georgia. It's in the Kavkas region, Caucasus region. Now, now let's look up the data. Give me a second and we will ask Google or friend Google about the um statistics.
What is the life expectancy in the Republic of Ingushetia?
It's 79.2 years. Okay. Then what about in Denmark?
Denmark.
So 79.2 for Englisha. Denmark is 81.8.
Germany.
Germany is 81. Okay. So okay. All right.
And what is uh the GDP per capita?
GDP per capita in the Republic of Ingushetya.
Not English India.
It's too Yeah, it's like India.
Well, well, well, well. It's like India.
All right. Interesting. Interesting fact.
Interesting. Okay. Push G says again one national level exams paper got rescheduled. How sad is it that we are not able to conduct exams properly and still some people claim we are a visual guru. Those people who are talking about vishaguru are delusional. They are living in La La Land.
What Vishuaguru?
I think India should ban the word vishwaguru for the next 25 years.
Okay. Vishwaguru. Vishwaguru. What a cope it is. India has got one of the most rotten education systems in the world.
I mean what is happening?
The rot seems to be very deep and very widespread.
This is happening all the time.
All the time. I mean what's going on right now. It's ridiculous.
And when people point out the problems, these people say that nothing's wrong.
Then after 3 4 days when everything is out in the open, they'll say, "Oh, we're looking into it. We have a committee of high-powered experts. No, it's a committee of highowered clowns that you have.
Bunch of incompetent, allegedly corrupt clowns that are running the show, right? It's sad. It's sad. It's It's terrible. It's tragic for the students, isn't it?
Horrible.
Can you call yourself a civilized country when you have these things happening all the time? What is the government doing about this? I really wonder.
I really wonder. Sad, tragic, horrific.
Pratip Kumar Roy says your views about Ry Ramstein the band.
Yeah. So I am overall not a big fan of super heavy metal but the Ramstein is a good band.
Yeah.
Um, fry. What else?
Uh, Deutschand. A very weird music video they have on YouTube.
Deoutland. Ramstein's Deutseland in which Gmana is an African origin lady, which is so weird. once again.
Um, and uh, yeah, overall it's a it's a reasonably good band. I don't mind listening to them once in a while, maybe one song at a time, but not a whole album, which will probably make me give me a ringing in the ears, I suppose.
Okay. Sharma 109 108x says, "Is Adwa Vanta superior to Western philosophy and the true essence of Hinduism?"
Don't know. I'm sure it's superior to western philosophy. A lot of western philosophy has came into existence in existence just a few centuries ago.
Indian philosophy is thousands of years old. So any Indian philosophy even if it is whatever is going to be superior to western philosophy, wiser than western philosophy. That's that's going to be there anyway. Is it the true essence of Hinduism? I shall Yeah. Um I don't know about that.
The true essence of Hinduism is to be found in the Rigveda.
That's the original text.
Okay?
Read the Rig Vida. It's it's going to make you uncomfortable. It's not it's going to if you act how many of you have actually read the Rig Vida even a few pages even a translation.
Yeah. Try and do that. Try and read the rigida and try and live a rigidic life.
I promise you, you'll be dazed if you do that.
Nick Dreams says, "Intrew music to Ask Abujit episodes are very good. Did you make it yourself?" Um, no. I did not make it myself. Come on. I had it commissioned so to say.
Rajun Rajar says, "Why stopped summary of the week during Q&A? Usually those answers my questions and more because there's not much happening right now. in the past few episodes in which I did a weekly summary at that time the Iran war was going on right which is why I it made sense to give a summary before I started taking questions because I had no idea where which direction the questions will go into and maybe they'll skip what's very important that's why I was doing these weekly summaries so since the last episode so and so has happened that's what I was doing because there was a very major pivotal conflict going on now. There's no conflict. Trump knows he can't defeat Iran, so it's now meandering.
So that's why I'm not doing the summaries anymore.
Yeah, maybe I should do some some kind of weekly recap show or something.
That's a good idea. Maybe that may be in the works. We'll see about that.
Abishek Shivas says, "What was the 1871 Criminal Tribes Act?" So I haven't read it but it was about crim it was about putting this tag of criminals on various communities in India classifying certain communities as as born criminals. That's what it was.
Okay.
Criminal Tribes Act.
Yeah, that's a great question. Let's let's figure this out.
1871 Criminal Tribes Act.
So the bloody British, the godamned British, they decided that a bunch of people in India will be classified as born criminals.
See hereditary criminals. It branded entire nomadic, pastoral and indigenous communities as hereditary criminals by presuming criminality at by birth. The act authorized the state to enforce mandatory registration, systematic surveillance and forced settlements of millions of people. And then they said that Indians are discriminatory.
So local governments could declare any tribe or class of people, class of persons addicted to the systematic commission of non-bailable offices as a criminal tribe. So you had to register with local authorities, be fingerprinted and notify the police of any movement or change in residents.
Listed members were frequently confined or to designated settlements or required to report to police stations on a weekly basis. This also targeted the transgender or hijra community allowing police to maintain registries of unexrict their movement and ban them from dressing in female clothes or dancing in public.
Social stigma. So an estimated 13 million individuals across 127 communities were affected, subjecting them to severe social ostracization and state sanctioned stigma. In many areas, children of the designated tribes were separated from their parents and placed into reformatory settlements and the act was repealed in 1952, not in 1944.
And the communities were denotified. But many continue to face socioeconomic marginalization today as dnotified tribes.
So understand this.
In 1871 the godamned British occupiers of India they designated a number of people communities as born criminals and they said that anybody who associates with them will also face prosecution or persecution.
So that had the effect of immediately essentially cancelelling them from society because even other people who are who are not listed as criminals, they would then be worried that if I am friends with this person, will I also have to go to jail or my children go to school with so and so, you know, the children of so and so people who are now born criminals. So maybe we we should have them expelled from school, those those kids.
So it had the effect of socially ostracizing millions of people in India and apparently they still face problems today.
This is discrimination that that was enacted judicially legally by the British. Now think about this.
Do you think the British were the only ones to do this?
The Turks also did this.
They also classified entire communities as essentially canceled and anybody in society who associated with those people would also face all kinds of persecution from from the Turks.
So that became part of your social societal fabric that you cannot have social connections or interactions with so and so peoples and that went on for centuries and today it is said that Indians are discriminatory.
Indian society for centuries was discriminatory.
Do you understand how foreigners have ruined India's social fabric?
Yeah. This is how it was done. So a great example is this act the 1871 criminal tribes act enacted by the British occupiers of India. Right? Okay.
Rajun Rajar says Akbar Birbal and Tinali Raman similar stories are similar. Why?
Maybe Akbar Burbal stole the stories. I have no idea. I have not read Tinali Raman. I have not read Akbar Birbal. So I can't really say but it's possible that Akbar Birbal may have stolen those those stories from Tali Raman. It's possible.
Push G says your views on cockroach jenta party again same pattern as in Bangladesh and Nepal exploit the real problems of the students and fulfill their own agenda.
Um my what's my view on this cockroach jantaa party I think it's a nuisance I think it's obviously a foreign creation it's all the objective like you say is to exploit existing problems in India and to astrourf a movement you know what is astrourfing it's by it's creating a fake movement which which looks like it is an actual grassroots movement so for example let me give you an example okay maybe we can think about past examples hypothetical completely examples a new political movement new political party emerges from nowhere well organized well funded and they win elections and two years ago the political party did not even exist and the leader was unknown has it ever happened in India maybe maybe not I don't know I'm just saying it's a completely theoretical example okay if it's ever happened so out of nowhere a new political party or and movement is create it emerges well organized well funded with a readym made leader that typically is an indication of a fake movement being created by foreign forces typically okay not not always I'm sure but typically I'm not sure if it's ever happened if it's happened maybe it's a coincidence maybe not we don't know so typically it's like that that's how these foreign agencies they they eventually um you know do these color revolutions and whatnot.
So it's it's very clear this is all foreign funded. It's not something that represents the people of India or the aspirations of the people of India. This is foreign interference in India's democracy and uh and India's internal affairs.
Rajat says, "I had passion for physics, but my teachers made me feel like I'm the worst student since the big bang.
How can I pursue for pursue my now as I am doing doing John now?
How can I pursue my now as I am doing John now?" So I don't know what is John Jon Snow. I don't know John. John who's John?
Okay. So you had a passion for physics but your teachers they beat it out of you essentially.
Yeah teachers are a big problem in India. So how can I pursue this now? You can always pursue physics in your spare time.
I'm not sure in what form in what shape and form you want to pursue your passion for physics. You can stay in touch with what's happening in physics. You can you know there are various YouTube channels.
One great example is Sabina Hosenfelder um the German physicist lady. She's got a great channel. You can stay in touch with what's happening in the in the world of physics and new discoveries and so on by watching her or there are other channels as well you can stay in touch using that. But if you actually want to do physics that's a whole different matter. If you want to do physics physics seriously then you will have to learn physics which which means you will learn mathematics. So it depends on what you want to achieve pursuing your passion. I'm not exactly sure what you mean by that. You can stay in touch by by watching YouTube.
But if you actually want to do physics, that's a whole different story. Then you have to study it seriously. All that stuff you have to consume multiple times. Okay. All right.
Sum says, "How did ancient Indian courts differ from uh modern ones regarding trial speed, influence of rank or merit and punishments for heinous crimes? I don't know.
One way of finding out how it was done is by reading the Art Shastra. The Art Shastra is very clear about how you know these things should be done. Um how much time it should take for a court case to proceed. Typically judgment was very quick and the execution or implementation of the judgment judgment was also very quick.
Right?
Um see the modern institutions are colonial institutions and they have uh their objectives are colonial typically I'm saying institutions I'm not referring to any specific in institution but typically it's like that so in the in the ancient days for example during the morian empire or the Gupta empire the morian empire we have some idea because we have the earth shastra pranaka was you could say the founder of the morian empire So the ara shastra obviously is all about quick quick and straightforward judgments and implementation of the judgment. Uh I'm not sure how the judiciary used to be during the koshan era or the or the or the Gupta era or the kola era. Not sure not sure we've lost the records. How was how was justice during the marata era?
So I can tell you see I don't know the specifics. I can assure you the trial speed was very quick. Rank and merit I'm not sure if it had influence. Right and wrong was very clear and punishments for heinous crimes would be typically very quick and very permanent.
Okay. Kirma Dahir says hello sir longtime follower. Thank you so much.
Thank you very much. Allowing data allowing AI data centers in India.
Opinion.
I think it's a great idea if it generates employment for India and generates revenue for India. If it does not, I think it's a bad idea. So what do AI data centers do? They they essentially gigantic server farms essentially or memory farms where you store large gigantic massive amounts of data.
That's what it is. Okay. So it's essentially a a huge building full of machines full of computers.
Okay. And you need a tremendous amount of electricity to run these computers.
And because these are computers that are run running 24 by7 and very powerful computers, they produce a lot of heat. So you need cooling systems which again need water and electricity.
And how many people will this employ? A few people.
Not lots and lots of people.
So it generates very little employment.
It consumes tremendous quantities of Indian energy, electricity and it consumes a lot of water.
So as long as we are storing Indian data in India, I think it makes a lot of sense.
But storing foreign data in India, we not getting access to the foreign data but we are storing it in India. I don't think it's a fantastic idea.
Not sure it is.
Sayantan Bangerji says I greatly admire Bos's courage and drive for industrialization but reading details he and other leaders at the at the time sacrificed our civilizational goals to modernize. Moto of INA for instance.
What's the motto of the INA? Is it in in which language was the moto of the INA written? I wonder. Let's see.
What was the motto of the Indian National Army or Kurbanihad or Kurbani?
So that was the motto of the INA. This is obviously um non-Indian language. I'm not sure. Means what? Unity.
Means faith. Kurbani is a sacrifice. So this is either Persian or Arabic.
Okay. Uh so let's ask Google what languages are these words in?
What language are these words in?
Hindustani.
No. No. No. the Arab the the Arabic roots Arabic roots so it's not really Indian you can call it Hindustani but it's actually Arabic so why was that the motto of the INA I suppose there would have been a lot of Muslim soldiers in the INA maybe that's the reason yeah uh so the question is if he had succeeded would he have secular ized India when would he have made India's motto some Arabic motto I'm not sure he would have done that I'm not sure um I'm not sure but you yeah it's it's all speculation it's all hypothetical so what you are the point you're raising is a valid point right the motto could have been in Sanskrit but it was in Arabic which is well interesting for sure.
Okay. Dark SH says, "What exactly were Christians doing before Islam? Same violence and conquest. I need to explain this to my Christian girlfriend."
Okay, you got a Christian girlfriend.
Okay, good luck with that, sir. Um, what were the Christians doing before Islam?
See, when does Islam arise? Uh, 700ish AD. 7600ish AD. When when is the birth of Islam? Some400 years ago, right? 600 AD or something. So let's say 600 AD.
What were the Christians doing before Islam?
They were trying to they had already made Christianity the official state religion in Europe to a large extent especially in the Roman Byzantine Empire and it was done through tremendous amounts of violence.
So if you want it was all violence. How did Christianity become become the dominant religion in Europe. It's the process started about 200 300 AD probably before that. When was Hipatia killed? Let's find out. When was Hipatia of Alexandria murdered?
415 AD. Okay. So, so the the the violence and brutality with which the Christianity took over Europe, it started about 200 300 AD. And this this lady, this mathematician, Hipesia, she was a female mathematician in Alexandria in Greece. She was torn to pieces because she was not because she was a polytheist.
So, Christianity was it became the dominant religion in Europe through a tremendous amount of violence. If you don't believe me, if you say I am talking out of a if if you think I'm if you think I'm just making up things, uh, read this book. Okay. The Darkening Age by Katherine Nixie.
The Darkening Age by Katherine Nixie.
Um, okay.
this book here as you can see this is a Greek statue of of a of a Greek goddess probably and see what's been done to her right there you have it so how did Christianity become the predominant religion in Europe in the western world so you will see that the Christians early Christians deliberately destroyed classical Greek and Roman cultures and contributed to the loss of uh classical knowledge and this book is controversial for obvious reasons Right. But uh to know the specifics, I would highly recommend you read this book, The Darkening Age by Katherine Nixie, the Christian destruction of the classical world. Because Europe was a polytheistic part of Eurasia.
So how did Christianity rise and become dominant? Through a tremendous amount of violence. After that more violence.
Two dots says how to pursue HPC career in India year three undergraduate student. What's HPC? Let's find out. I don't know what HPC is.
HPC.
What is HPC? High performance computing.
High performance computing uses supercomputers and clustered computing nodes to blah blah blah. Okay. So you want to get into high performance computing. Okay. HPC India. What do we have in India?
HPC engineers engineering India. Do we have HPC engineering in India?
I have no idea sir. I I really don't know about this this field. High performance computing in India. Yeah. I don't know. Do we have uh universities that offer degrees in this or do they offer offer education?
Do you have M's degrees, bachelor's degrees in NPC? I have no idea. Maybe the IITs may have it. I I don't know. I can do the look can look it up now and do some research. But uh I'm not sure how much I'll be able to tell you what you don't already know about this. So I I don't know. You have to look into it, sir. I am not by any means an expert in this field. Okay. All the best.
Kakashi says, "Where does it say that Hindus can't eat beef and why some do?"
I will highly recommend read the rigida.
In the rigida it says you can't eat it says you can't kill cows and oxen and you can't kill horses.
No, it is say you can't eat cows and oxen. You can't eat eat horses.
Does the rigid say you can't eat cows?
Okay, this over here says it doesn't explicitly prohibit eating cows. The rigida calls the cow agna mean not to be killed or injured at least 17 verses venerate the cow was inviolable and over here it says that rigida says it can slaughter obviously that's nonsense. Yeah.
So overall it's you know the rigida is what you follow if you want to understand uh what you can and can't do.
It's the oldest uh text and obviously these AI interpretations are not going to be absolutely correct. There's going to be some distortions that will enter them. So the best thing you can do if you really want to understand is read translation of the rigida in your own mother tongue not in English in your mother tongue or if you can read Sanskrit read the original which is very hard for most people to do so I'd say read a translation of the rigida into your mother tongue Indian language then you will get what what it's about.
NVM2 says, "I recently read a Canadian experiment where photons in a super cooled atomic cloud exhibiting negative excit excitation time. Could this suggest time is measured differently in the quantum realm?" I'll have to see.
I'll have to see what it says. Okay, so let's see. Canadian experiment.
Canadian experiments. Photons in a super cooled atomic cloud exhibit negative excitation time. Let's see what this is about.
Um, negative type exists blah blah Zalman something. So, let's Where's the actual physics? Where's the actual paper?
Let's see this one. Is it this one?
Experimental evidence that the photon can spend a negative amount of time in an atom cloud. Toronto. This seems to be the one. Abstract. When a pulse of light traverses a material, it incurses it incurs a time delay referred to as the group delay. Okay. Should the group delay experienced by photons be attributed to the time this spend as atomic excitations. However reasonable this connection may seem, it appears problematic when the frequency of the light is close to the atomic resonance as the group delay becomes negative in this regime. To address this question, we use the cross curve effect to probe the degree of atomic excitation caused by resonant transmitted photon by measuring the phase shift on a separate be that's weak and off resonant or results are consistent with the recent theoretical prediction that the mean excitation time caused by a transmitted photon as measured by the time integral etc equals the group delay experienced by the light.
Specifically we me measure.
So these results suggest that negative values taken by times such as the group delay have more physical significance than has generally been appreciated.
Okay.
Okay. Look, I'll have to look into this in detail to see whether they are they are actually they make sense or they are full of hot air.
But they are they they are rather humbly saying that the results suggest that negative times negative values of time have more physical significance than has generally been appreciated. I I don't know. I have to look into this. I can't tell you right now just by reading the abstract. Yeah, seems somewhat interesting.
some more interesting well I could look I'll tell you something I can create a cloud of purely gravitating particles okay a toy model purely gravitating particles a cloud of them whole massive cloud of them let's say n particles and I could mathematically show you that this cloud has negative mass I can do that give me 20 minutes I'll do it for you right right in front of you but does it Okay. I'm not sure. So, yeah, it's an interesting it's a potentially interesting uh result that they have produced, but I'll have to look into it in detail to to see if if it yeah, it's whether it's really interesting or not. So, I can't say just just like that by reading the abstract.
Aush Tari says AI doomsday fears ignore two things. Human progress is emergent from billions coordinating over generations, not one mind. And AI is still constrained by energy, comput, infrastructure and cooling. Yes, AI has those constraints. No question about that. Energy is a constraint. If you switch off the energy, electricity, all those servers, they go down, it's over.
Compute, how much computational, how much compute does it have, right? How much computing power are we giving the AI system? Infrastructure, obviously, all of that, right? The housing, the building, the cooling, all that. Yeah.
So these are the constraints that AI uh you know that that that AI faces.
H um now what if we remove the constraints?
What if we um put up massive server farms in orbit around the earth where there is constant power? We can put them in a polar orbit or something. So there's no shortage of power ever. There's no night and day.
They always receive sunlight.
And you can have one side in darkness, so it's cooled. That's cooling. Or you can have whatever. You can solve the problem of cooling. I'm sure in space, right? So there is unlimited energy.
There is cooling. You throw as much comput as you want at them. Yeah. Let's say you solve the problem of compute.
So these constraints can be solved.
But right now these constraints do exist, right?
So um you can potentially engineer a doomsday scenario where AI becomes genuinely genuinely I mean let's say way more intelligent in certain ways than human beings can potentially could possibly be and you solve the problems of the constraints that it faces then yeah but that's still probably in the future. So right now we are not anywhere close to the doomsday scenario that you are right I agree with you and human progress is emerging from billions coordinating over generations not one mind true that but that's also a human weakness and we typically don't coordinate see the progress doesn't come from the coordination of billions together the progress comes from a few isolated geniuses okay who who swim against the current that's where progress comes from actually that's the truth human progress has not come from billions coordinating together and working together in the same in going in the same direction. Human progress has always come by the work of a few isolated geniuses who have had to swim against the current. And when you have a system that actually, you know, treats geniuses well, that's where those those societies overtake the others. That's that's how it goes. Now, let's say you create artificial geniuses, AI systems. Well, there you have it. There you have it. So right now we are not at the doomsday scenario not close to it but it can happen in the future.
Achantia Mahajan says we all know that uh that your education system is crap.
We all know that your education system is crap. So what college students can do so that they think logically and genuinely be intelligent like you.
Um what can college students do so that they learn how to think logically?
intelligence look I am intelligence is is it's it's it's produced by a combination of multiple things um nature and nurture both so nurture is missing in India obviously nature is terrible the ecology environment the education system is terrible so nurture is not is missing nature is there Indians are naturally intelligent people right so what can your standard college student who to be able to think logically.
What you do is you you look for information and knowledge and wisdom outside of your syllabus.
If all you're going to read and study is what's in your syllabus, you're going to end up mentally loized.
So you have to be hungry for knowledge and wisdom that comes from outside of your syllabus.
I think that's the one thing I did as a kid in my life. I despised the college textbooks and the the you know school and college textbooks the mediocrity that was inherent in those things but that did not put me away from learning.
I read a lot. I loved reading stuff from which was not in the syllabus.
Maybe I wasted a lot of my time reading stuff that was not part of the syllabus but clearly I did not. It helped me. So that's what you do. There's so much knowledge available today that was never available before. All the most of the world's knowledge is now available online for free if you know where to look. So be hungry for knowledge and wisdom. Learn things. Don't allow the education system to put you off from learning.
That's what you do. Learn. So when you learn when you read like real great books you will automatically over time start understanding how to think logically because those books will not have broken logic they'll have clear beautiful logic right.
So the best wisdom is you know if you really want to be a high quality individual you have to love love reading the best people the most effective people in the world the people who are the most impactful in the world they typically love reading so that's what you do but you should you should read the masters not not the mediocres that's what you do all right sir all the best minimalist Maverick says for Modi to win votes before 2029.
He has to finish Pakistan before 2029.
Well, I hope he does that. Well, I hope he does that. Yeah. And we shall then all vote for Mr. Modi.
Pratep Kumar Roy says AI is incapable of true morality. To make AI work, society must be restructured in to a surveillance state where human autonomy is stripped away to eliminate edge cases that confuse algorithms. End goal of elites. I don't know what the end goal of elites is. AI obviously is incapable of true morality. AI will tell you what's right, what's wrong, and you should not do this and this is good and all, but it's just a machine, right?
It's just a machine. It's operating within guard rails. It's told, it's instructed. I mean, it's it's it's coached what you can say and what you can't say, right? Um, so if you ask is it if you ask is it okay to do so and so? It'll say no. No, it's not okay. which means it it pretends to have morality but it's just a poor little machine not little huge machine or whatever. So it's you are right it's incapable of true morality to make AI work society must be restructured into a surveillance state not necessarily AI will work regardless of society being a surveillance state you can have a dharmic state and AI can work within that too of course it will work within that so to make AI work society not must does not need to necessarily be restructured into a state surveillance state where human autonomy may stripped away.
Maybe it's the end goal of the deep state or the elites or whatever. Maybe that could be the end goal. But AI can work in a perfectly normal society as well.
But maybe that's the end goal of the elites. Maybe that's true. It's it's possible that it's the end goal of the elites. If you want to control the world, you want a uniform robotic world where people don't people can't think.
Yeah, maybe it's the end goal perhaps potentially. But AI can work in a society that's not a surveillance state with full human autonomy. AI can still work in that. Austari says give us your thoughts about panspermia theory. Okay.
What is panspermia theory? H my thoughts before I say what it is. My thoughts are what do I think about it? I think it's a plausible explanation for the origin of life on earth. Okay. Now what is panspermia theory? So look our solar system is 4.6 6 billion years old.
Our planet is about 4.5 billion years old. And the first unambiguous evidence of ancient life on our planet is about 3.77 billion years old.
Stromatolytes, unisellular organisms, our ancestors.
Okay. So that's about 3.77 billion years old. And it is said, it is believed by biologists, by some biologists, by many biologists that that life arose spontaneously on earth because of the chemical, the combination of chemicals that are present on the planet and you know heat and volcanic activity and lightning and all that. So if you take that cocktail of chemicals and you pass electric current through it for for weeks or whatever, you end up with amino acids and so on which are the building blocks of proteins which are the building blocks of of life. And maybe that's how life emerged on our planet just spontaneously through chemical reactions.
How does it explain DNA? A shockingly shockingly complicated molecule, right?
And if you we know I mean see different uh species have different genomes different sizes of genomes and we know at at what rate the size of DNA typically doubles and if you extrapolate or interpolate that backwards you'll find that the simplest DNA would have emerged when the universe was about maybe three three two three billion years old right so we seem to have compressed that that that evolution into just 3.77 billion years instead of 10 billion years. So it so we don't quite know how DNA emerged on Earth and such complex DNA makes no sense. It can't. So maybe the explanation is that the DNA came from elsewhere.
Maybe there were asteroids or comets that contained DNA or life of the or the seeds of life of the seeds of life and maybe they crashed onto earth and survived the crash and that's how earth was seeded with the beginnings of life. So maybe life came from outer space.
Maybe our ancestral life came from outer space did not just emerge on our planet.
So that is panspermia theory that that maybe life the seeds of life exist in outer spa outer space in interstellar space and maybe sometimes they encounter planets and that's how planets are seeded with the seeds of life. I think it's a plausible theory plausible.
Okay. Pratipikumar says black lady as Gmania ruined the doutand video. Yes. I mean that's a matter of interpretation.
It's up to you to decide whether it ruined or not. I think it's it's uh curious because Deutsland Germany is a nation of European people.
Historically they had no African origin people there. So they talking about the Ramstein video here, right? Yeah. So yeah, it was strange. I think I thought it was strange.
Abai Singh says Russia getting cooked right now. The terminal capacity is down by 40%. They've stopped gas imports already for two months. Imports exports.
They're facing power issues.
I wonder what what Mr. Putin is up to, what Russia's uh tactics, strategies, and long-term uh vision for the war are.
Um they've taken a lot of they they've absorbed a lot of damage, a lot of punishment from Ukraine, drone strikes and whatnot, and they've not really hit back too much. So, I'm not sure what they're doing, but u yeah, right now I can't really explain what they are they're up to.
Can we Abhing says can we explain can we progress in rare earth refinement without foreign help yes answer is yes I read somewhere that without significant help from the US Japan and Australia we won't succeed no not at all we can do it without foreign help see what are these rare earths these are not very rare actually okay they are found in reasonable abundance in India these are certain elements samarium to blah blah blah blah blah neodyinium and so pretty rare but not that rare. They are found in reasonable quantities in India in in India in other countries. India probably has the largest reserves deposits of rare earths on the planet probably.
So what we need to do is we need to identify where these deposits exist. We have identified some of that at least.
Then we need to extract that and then refine and purify that.
And the process of refining and refining and purifying it is very polluting. And that's why nations like the US they they have been happy to import from China but now they are facing this problem. So let me show you something. It's not that big of a deal. Myanmar does it. Myanmar Burma poor strife in Burma. It it it purifies and refineses rare earths. Let me show you.
Can we quickly find it? I wonder. So let's see can we find it I had in one of the past videos I had shown some mines in Burma.
Okay let's let's quickly see Musay Muse.
Uh let's go into the satellite view and let's zoom in. Will we find some rare earth processing somewhere? Where was it?
Where was it? It was It was near the border with China. Let's zoom out again.
Let's zoom out. Where was it?
Where was it?
Somewhere here perhaps.
Okay, I'll try and find it. If I can't find in the next few minutes, I will we'll give it up. But you will find rare earth refining refining happening in Burma.
Okay. This is a patch of snow that's fine.
Okay. Singai etc. So I suppose I won't be able to find it right now but I we you can if you spend the time you'll be able to find rare earth refining happening in Burma. Now Burma is not the world's most advanced nation. It's a poor nation, a strife torn nation and they are able to extract and refine rare earths. So why can't India do it? India can also do it right.
Okay. Hers says, "Have you watched the new horror movie Obsession?" It's a movie called Obsession. I'm not aware of it. Let's see what it is. What What is it? A movie called Obsession. So I haven't seen it. What What is this movie?
Obsession horror movie.
obsession uh 8.2 that's pretty good rating Tommy blah blah blah blah Megan Lawless Michael Johnson I don't know these people I don't I don't know the actors but uh 8.2 two is pretty good.
So I haven't seen it. I haven't seen it.
I am typically not a big fan of horror movies but sounds like it's good. Yeah.
Okay. Pratip Kumar Royce is about Stargate narrative. Someone said data centers are like portals that will cause an AI apocalypse and linked it to rapture Bible reference that will force the second coming of Christ or total human extinction. Yeah, I don't have any understanding of these things.
Uh, rapture and bible and Christ and all. Yeah, I I I don't know anything about these things. Connecting that with AI makes no sense. So, people will say things, okay, we don't need to take it seriously. Uh, but uh okay, data centers are portals, right? Okay. So um yeah I I know nothing about these things and I I don't take these claims seriously.
Push G says we complain about the system then compete to be a part of the system and eventually become the system and the car cycle continues because people have no choice because the people have no choice.
What you going to do? Fight the system.
The system will will chew you up and spit you out.
What will you do?
That's the problem in India. It will not take the people to change the system in India. It will take leadership to change the system in India. The people can't do a thing.
You keep complaining about CBSC compl keep complaining. Keep raging on social media. Nothing will change. Nothing will change.
They'll say, "Okay, okay, you are right.
There was some problem. We have appointed a highowered community of committee of experts." After a few days, it will go back to normal.
Nothing will happen.
There is alleged corruption everywhere.
What will you do about it? You can either leave the country or deal with it. Cope with it. That's the problem.
The people can't change the system. The system can only be changed by having the right leadership in place.
So when the people can't fight the system, they'll join the system. If you can't beat them, you join them. So people eventually give up and join. And then they say since everyone's making money, I also make money. Screw it.
That's what happens.
That's the problem in India. Push says one people talk about skills. Skills, skills will get you job. Skills. What skills can I develop other than the engineering field? I have passion to learn about history. But I if I want a job, I have to take science. History won't give you a job.
See what does any nation need?
A nation needs people who produce things that are valuable for society and for the nation.
What does a historian produce?
Nothing much.
Maybe a book a year or something.
The book is optional for the nation.
I'm not saying it's useless. Of course, I don't say that.
But you need people who produce something of value at scale.
So if you want to be a valuable person in society for a nation, you have to be you have to develop the skills that will help you produce something at scale that the that society needs and the nation needs. And you can be passionate about other things as well.
You can be passionate about music. You can be passionate about history. You can be passionate about painting. Do that in your spare time. Indulge your passions.
But develop skills that are valuable.
That's what do right? So I'm not saying give up your skills and give up your passions. You can indulge those passions and skills in your spare time. But those passions and skills unless you are a very rare talent will not really help you earn a livelihood. That's just a hard fact of life. Unless you're Pablo Picasso or unless you are Latam Mangeshkar, you won't have a career, right? A sustainable career or maybe things are changing now. Maybe you can be not at the level of Latamish and Pikas and still have perhaps a career. It depends. But most likely it'll be very tough. So that's why you need to have skills and you need to have a career that helps you produce things that are valuable for society. That's what you do.
Uh so what skills can you develop other than the engineering field? It depends on you sir. I don't know you personally.
What's your aptitude? What things are you good at?
Okay. You love history. Sure that's good. But what are you good at apart from history? I mean you can love history but you maybe you are good at football but you don't like football so much. There was this this this sports person West Indies cricketer Curtly Ambrose one of the greatest bowlers of all time but he was not a fan of cricket he wanted to be a basketball player but he happened to be good in something else so pursue that so that's what you do okay PG says whatever people say but this is the actual problem of students in India um actual problem of students in India the act I'll tell you what is the actual problem of students in India. You have only a few fields you can go into.
Until recently, you could go into science or commerce. You could become a doctor or a lawyer or an engineer or a school teacher or a bureaucrat. There's only a few options for people in India, students in India, right? And there's very few jobs.
So, you have you're forced to go into one of these fields.
in a developed society no matter what your skills are you should be able to live a livelihood and be happy right so in India there are very few options there are very few jobs so there's a tremendous amount of competition for the little that's available and there's a tremendous amount of rent seeking that's the problem that students and people face in India Suraj Gushba says Liverpool versus United. Is there a match on? Let's see.
Liverpool versus United.
Is there a match?
3-2. When did this happen?
I have no idea. When did it happen?
There was um Arsenal versus somebody I think yesterday. I did not watch it. I'm so what's your question? Is there a match coming up or are you asking which one I like better? I think both are good teams. Both were good teams at least in the past.
Okay. Praak Dura says, "Is CIA ruling our ruling India as our PM is trained in a ypi?"
I have no idea.
No, no idea. Sorry.
Push says, "What impact can one child policy have on India? It'll destroy India.
It'll burn bring down the birth rates dramatically.
And as the birth rates come down, the average age of Indians will start rising. And in a few decades, India will be a person of elderly pe. It will be a nation of elderly people. There'll be very few children born in India. It'll destroy it'll destroy the fabric of society. And long-term in 100 years, you'll have no population, very little population. So it's it's bad. It's terrible. If if it's ever implemented should not be. Push G says Janasa party came out of nowhere. Won the elections didn't solve any problem after two years gone but the damage was done. The legendary Muraja Desai Chantika Messiah ruined RAW's mission. The legend Mr. Muraj Desai was an absolute legend.
Absolute legend.
Right. He did ruin RAW's mission allegedly.
in Pakistan.
He allegedly allegedly called up Mr. Zial Hak and told him, you know what, we have row agents all over the place allegedly.
And uh that's how all those row agents operatives were allegedly allegedly rounded up by the Pakistani establishment and dealt with allegedly.
Right. So interesting data point you have thrown up over here. PG very interesting.
Uh PG says BJP for formed out of the Jonas SA then how it became super nationalistic when its predecessor was the full opposite I have no idea. I know nothing about this. So can't answer the question. I don't know about the history of Yeah.
Uh Pratip Kumar is about between two ages by Minneu Brzinski. What is technomarxism?
Brzinski is this famous very influential American foreign policy um prophet. He did serve as the national security adviser of the US if I'm not mistaken. Very influential guy. I have a few of his books here. Uh big Brzinski.
So he served as the national security adviser of the US, didn't he? And he is he is regarded he is not regarded he is and okay here it is Brzinski so he was the former he served as the national security adviser of the United States uh during Jimmy Carter's tenure as president of the US and Brzinski is a foreign policy hawk hardline he advocates for a hardnosed hardline American foreign policy America first that sort of So that's about so I've not read between two ages by him. What's technomarxism? I wonder I'm not really clear about that.
Yeah. So what's technoarxism?
Technomarxism.
Zu Bzinski.
So cyber Marxism adopts classical Marxist theories of labor and class struggle to the information age.
Analyzing how high-tech capital exploits digital labor and products and networks.
Zubini Brzinski was a leading geopolitical strategist who forecasted this digital reality coining the term technocentric society means of cyber production. So, so Marx, you know, Marxist theories of labor and class struggle um superposed upon technological societies, right? That's another thing.
Yeah. Means of production and all all that. Yeah. Okay.
Vinder Singh says Neanderthal Denisovan DNA 1 to 2% we have any importer.
Importa what's a importter neanderal denisovven DNA totally different things one to 2% we have any importer I'm not sure what you're asking are you asking about whether Indians have neanderthal and diar Indians probably have the least amount of neanderal diary among non-affrican people um See the average non-African person has about I don't know 2 to 4% Neanderal delthal DNA okay among Indians it must be like one or two person maybe what you're saying Dennis DNA it's it's rarer uh it's found in Tibet it's found in the Pacific Islands let's let's fact check what I'm saying out of the top of my head Where is Dennisan DNA generally found geographically?
So Tibet like I said yeah Oceanania and Southeast Asia Oceanana is the Pacific Islands Island Southeast Asia is also Pacific Islands East Asia essentially Tibet right Tibet Tibet there we have it so there you have it that's the uh that is the Dennis so one DNA what about Neanderthal DNA neanderthal neanderthal DNA They generally found geographically and in what proportions.
So it's exclude. Yeah, it's outside of Africa. I understand that. East Asia, South Asia. Okay. 1 to 2% 1.5 to 2%.
Europe and the Americas and so on and so forth. Okay. So this is the this is throwing up a somewhat different picture from what I said.
Whatever it is, I'm not sure what your question is, but that's kind of about Neanderthal and and Dennis DNA. The Dennis are this extinct population of ancient humans that were a subspecies of homo sapiens clearly because we were able to interbreed with them and some humans even today have a little bit of one ancestry. When it comes to Neanderthal ancestry, lots of humans, mostly non-Africans have Neanderthal ancestry. So the NASA where are subspecies of of of human beings? Well, there we have it. India little bit here and there.
Pratep Kumar Roy says, "What is alchemy and sacred geometry?" I not not my not part of my thing. I have no idea what is alchemy. Alchemy is okay. Isaac Newton was into alchemy, wasn't he? Alchemy was about turning lead into gold or something. The transmutation of elements through magic or some some something like that. I don't know what. So the transmutation of elements you take lead and turn that into gold. Can you do it today? You can transmute elements using nuclear reactions that takes a tremendous amount of energy and you need file or fertile material elements for that uh fertile elements and file elements.
So alchemy was about transmuting elements and Isaac Newton was Newton was obsessed with it for a large part of his life life. Sacred geometry. Yeah, I have no idea. No idea. Sorry.
And Astra says, "Good evening. Good evening to you. Could the India Eurasia collision that formed the Himalayas have trapped significant fossil fuel crude oil reserves beneath India, thus making us self-sufficient? The possibility is there, but we have not looked for it.
It's possible. See, if you go to the Himalayas, up there in the Himalayas, thousands of meter above sea level, you're going to find fish fossils.
You're going to find shells, seashells up there.
You're going to find it. Not hard to find if you go up there. I'm not saying climb Mount Everest. I'm saying go to Ladak. Okay, that's what I mean by that.
So, it's possible that a significant amount of fossil fuel etc. could have been trapped.
So, when the subcontinent see this is Eurasia, the subcontinent comes and collides. Bam. So the collision happened in very slow motion over millions of years and that's why you have saltwater lakes in the Himalayan region. For example, uh Rakshastal which is right next to Banserov, it's a brackish or saltwater lake. Pangong So Pangong Lake, it's salt water. This is ancient salt water from that ancient sea that was trapped and then pushed upwards. So it's possible that that fossil fuels may have been trapped in so when we could potentially discover them in India but we haven't looked for these things. So we need to look for them.
It's possible.
NVM says if position and state are probabilistic position and state are probabilistic in quantum mechanics. Could time or duration be probabilistic too? No. Time is a classical parameter in quantum mechanics. The answer is straightforward no. Straightforward no. straight away.
Time is an external parameter in quantum mechanics.
Position is an observable.
State isn't observable.
Time is an external parameter. Time isn't quantized. Time isn't quantum.
Time is classical. It comes from outside the system. So time is not probabilistic. Duration is not probabilistic in quantum mechanics.
Austari says, "Which dark matter explanation do you currently find most convincing and why? Is dark energy a substance or a property of spaceime?"
Second question first. Is dark energy a substance or a property of spaceime? No answer. We don't have the answer. Dark energy seems to be this this either it's a force or a fluid or a substance or something that is causing the expansion of the universe and not just the expansion the accelerated exp accelerating expansion of the universe. It makes about 70% of the mass energy of the universe and we have no idea whatsoever what it is. At least dark matter, we have some speculation. Maybe it's a class of particles or maybe something other. So dark energy, we don't know. I have no idea. Nobody has any idea whether it's a substance or a property of spaceime.
So that's dark energy. No answers at present. Zero. Super mysterious.
Super mysterious. Dark matter. There are multiple explanations. Okay.
One explanation is that there is that that that that it's it's called mond mond m o n d modified Newtonian gravity.
All you do is tweak the equations and suddenly the effects that you thought were because of dark matter they are explained.
So one is like like I said modified Newtonian gravities. Let's see let's look it up. Modified Newtonian gravity.
Yeah. Yeah. Modified Newton's law of gravity results in modified gravity. And yeah, so alternative gravitational theory and uh yeah, it aims to explain the anomalous rotation speeds of stars and galaxies without really relying on the existence of invisible dark matter. So it it could potentially be an explanation that of of to of of the galactic rotation curves and so on without needing exotic particles. So that's one explanation of dark matter. Another one is that dark matter could be you know a class of particles. What kind of particles? Purely gravitating particles.
Particles that interact only through the gravitational interaction. They don't have the electromagnetic interaction or the weak interaction just gravity.
That's I think makes sense that there is a sensible uh explanation. Maybe there's a class of particles like that.
Maybe primordial black holes if they don't decay fully and leave behind plank scale remnants. They could be a fantastic explanation for dark matter.
Maybe in that case primordial black holes could form you know stable quantum quantum bound states that could that is a plausible explanation maybe axons maybe charged dark matter I think the cool dark matter thing makes makes sense even modified Newtonian gravity can make sense yeah so I'm not sure which is the most convincing multiple explanations are reasonably convincing.
Maybe dark matter is a combination of multiple things. Maybe you have purely gravitating particles.
Maybe it's it's it's a plank scale remnants of of black holes. Maybe it is quantum mechanical stable bound states of black holes. Would you like to see that stable bound states of primordial black holes?
Dark matter and stable bound states of primordial black holes.
Uh let me go here. IOP science.
You apologize for the inconvenience.
That's all right. Do I need to find B's now? rotating.
One, two, three, four. Seriously, go on. I will submit that now.
Okay. So, as you can see this reject.
So, this could be an explanation.
Okay. Stable bound states of primordial black holes. That could be an explanation. This research paper is from 2002 by the way. So you know right now the the we don't really know what is the answer but there are multiple plausible explanations.
Okay.
Suganta BVK says cm of a stat from foreign religion deep state intervention.
No comments.
Look this is domestic politics. I stay out of that. I stay out of but very strongly very strongly I stay out of that very strongly. So Push G says a few days back I asked a question to you about Indian judiciary you said no comments why but the judiciary guarantees our fundamental right to speech then why don't they don't take criticism of them no comments no comments why um no comments look I want speak I I want I want to discuss the Indian judiciary.
Okay. I don't want to face contempt of court.
Okay. No one's going to come and save me.
Do you understand? Maybe it's it's fun and entertaining for you to to hear me say things sometimes, but it's real and serious for me.
Have I answered your question?
I shall not comment about the Indian judiciary.
All right.
Vir Kamat says, "Isn't someone who participated in the American Council of Young Political Leaders AC YPL in 1994 potentially compromised?" I think it's a valid question.
Are you pointing at somebody in particular?
I I I don't know.
So let's take this hypothetically.
Hypothetically, hypothetically there is some American council of young political leaders and someone participated in that. Now if the Americans have a council of political leaders and they are cultivating leaders and they are bringing in people from other countries, maybe they are scouting for talent potentially and maybe they want to invest in people who will then perhaps become leaders in their countries potentially. I think It's it's a it's a valid question. Yes.
Is somebody who did this who participated in this thing in whatever year is it is that person potentially compromised? Potentially.
Potentially yes. But not necessarily.
Not necessarily. But potentially yes.
But not necessarily. Okay. Here we go.
Okay. Varind Singh says I got 2.08% 08% Neanderthal and 0.22% Denisovan any importance no nothing nothing extraordinary nothing abnormal so you got 2.08% Nanderal so if one of your parents one of if if one of your parents is Nanderal is 50%. If one of your grandparents is nandal it's 25%. If one of your greatgrandparents it's 12 great great six great great great great three great great great great so it's like having a great great great great grandparent who was near which is essentially negligible uh nothing unusual or abnormal about it Dennis so it's like having a distant ancestor who was Dennis so 0.22%.
Yeah, it's it's it's nothing unusual or or abnormal.
I am Yeah, it's it's it's normal.
Absolutely normal. Yeah. So, you are obviously Indian and being Indian, you got 0.22% Dennis.
That's interesting, but not unusual. It can be explained. You see Tibetan people have Denisovven ancestry a little bit and Tibet is right next next door. So over the years and centuries maybe there was some interaction genetically which brought in some Denisan ancestry into our into the subcontinent and maybe you got some of that that's fine.
Ninderthal 2% so it's like having a great great great great grandparent. So once again that's very small and and typically when the ancestry is that small it's typically the the the beneficial genes that are passed on so that makes us stronger. All right. Okay. Aries manicor says your take on government of India turning ligignite coal into natural gas as an alternative to weaken external leverages held over India especially Middle East hoping we can do it like China. I think it's fantastic. I think it's fantastic. So, ligignite is coal ore.
It's naturally occurring coal which has to be uh turned into coal. So, that's ligignite. What you what you extract the raw material that you extract out of the ground is called ligignite.
So, we are working on turning that into natural gas. I think that's fantastic.
We have large uh reserves of ligignite and if that can give us uh the natural gas that we need and make us less dependent on the Middle East and external uh providers I think that is fantastic.
Yeah, I think it's great. Outstanding.
Pratep Kumar Roy says about black and gray popes. I don't know but let me find out. That's interesting. Black and gray popes.
Black popes and gray popes. What on earth is that?
So in the Catholic Church, black pope is a widely known nickname for the superior general of the Jesuits and Greek pope is a term stemming from fringe conspiracy theories. What is a black pope? The title refers to the head of the society of Jesus the Jesuits. It comes from the color of the standard black cas priests wear and a very influential blah blah blah. Gray pope is not official.
It's a term that features an unfounded popular conspiracy theories.
In these urban religions, the grey pope is often framed as a shadowy puppet master figure who secretly controls the Vatican pulling the strings of both the white pope, the pontiff and the black pope. Okay. I have no idea, sir. No, I have no idea. But okay. Interesting.
Interesting.
Okay. NVM says, "Thank you for answering my question, sir, and raising our standards. Are you planning on bringing any course like the history course, sir?" uh right now no plans for any courses but new stuff is going to come out in the next month but not courses and you're very welcome right so uh new stuff is going to come out in this coming month but not courses as such yeah would you like a discord server finally I've I've tried it twice didn't work both times but this time I'm doing it seriously and I'll actually be participating regularly so would you all like a Discord server were a private group for all of us with no payment. Okay, no payment, no BS like that and in which I actually participate regularly instead of never being there.
So I'm considering that seriously that's one thing I'm considering and some other stuff as well, right? And yeah, if you become members, you will get something that some things that uh you may not get as just viewers. So that's uh something that could be coming up. We'll see.
Okay. Okay, Rajes Patel, thank you very much, sir. Rajes Patel G, thank you.
Aris Manticor says, "Any le any mention of Qatar's leverage censor super chat?" Well, that's that's interesting.
Why is super chat um censoring mentions of Qatar's leverage and you have to say Middle Eastern leverage? Very interesting. Very interesting.
Okay. Interesting.
Interesting. All right. So, that brings me to the end of today's session.
Generally, it takes four or five hours, but today it's over in less than three hours. Probably because of the IPL, I suppose, but that's all right. All right. So, okay people, thank you so much for the questions. We're going to end it here today a little early and I look forward to seeing you all in the next one, which obviously is going to be next week. Okay. So, I'll see you next week in a few days. Until then, keep learning, keep asking questions and keep raising your standards. Whether I'm there with you or not, whether you are on Ask or not, keep learning and keep raising your standards. Duvraad says, "You only take paid comments to read Baba.
You do you know when I started the Askab show? It was in 2001.
So, 2021 for 4 and a half years, I did not take super chats.
I have answered thousands maybe tens of thousands of questions without ever taking super chats.
I have thousands of clips of questions in which I have not taken super chats.
And then I decided to try it and I found that the quality of the questions improves because people are paying money to ask questions. So the quality of the questions improves significantly.
And yesterday I did a live stream in which I took questions that people had asked in the comments. No super chat. So please don't give me this BS that I only take, you know, super chats. What nonsense when every other YouTuber was doing super chats. I did for 4 and a half years without taking ever super chats.
So please don't give me this this nonsense. Okay? Maybe you're new to this channel or whatever, but that's not the case.
And I will take super chats because I get better questions that way because people are actually putting some money And if you want to know my opinions about other things, please watch my older videos. I've got thousands of clips on this channel in which I've answered every imaginable question.
So I don't see what the problem is.
Okay, with that note, let's end this live stream. All right. Okay. Take care everyone. See you next week. Bye-bye.
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