The Cosmic Microwave Background — Echo of the Big Bang

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The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is the faint thermal radiation permeating all of space, representing the afterglow of the Big Bang itself, emitted approximately 380,000 years after the universe's birth when the universe first became transparent to light; first detected in 1965 by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, the CMB provides cosmologists with a detailed snapshot of the early universe's temperature, density, and structure, serving as crucial evidence for the Big Bang theory.