-SCIENTIST-B-CHEMISTRY=21/6/25=INTERVIEW=22/5/26-SELECTED/-M.Sc+PhD-CHEM / --1

[00:01:21]Yes, I delivered you.

[00:01:25]>> Yes, sir.

[00:01:35]>> Sir, am I audible?

[00:01:37]>> Yes, you are audible.

[00:01:39][clears throat] Yes.

[00:01:49]>> Yes. Let we start today's final mock.

[00:01:51]Yes. Ma'am, let we start first of all basically. Yes.

[00:01:56]>> Uh sir, what have you said? Uh the connection was interrupted.

[00:02:00]>> Yes. Introduce yourself.

[00:02:03]>> Okay sir. Uh thank you sir. My name is Shy Daktum and I am from Asasul, West Bengal. I have completed my schooling from there and after that I have completed my graduation from the University of Kolkata and then I have completed my postgraduation in chemistry from the diamond harbor women's university and uh after my masters I have um I appeared in several national based examinations and I have qualified uh a few national based examinations like the CSI NET examination uh GATE examination And currently I am a CSR GRF in IIST she. I am doing my PhD in the field of electrocatalyzis and uh green hydrogen generation. And my hobbies include uh story book reading and as a person I am a very much enthusiastic learner and an optimistic person.

[00:03:10]Yes. Good. [clears throat] Your next move on the your CPCB post.

[00:03:15]Yes. Suppose if you get selected in this post.

[00:03:18]>> Yes. To how do you >> uh what do you do in your department as a scientist B? What are the new innovative creative idea from your side?

[00:03:25]Any five 10 new innovative one from your side?

[00:03:29]uh sir uh at first I think that uh the present problems that are the major problems uh regarding pollution in India are the water pollution and the air pollution. So sir in terms of water pollution I can say that the waste water treatment is very much needed and I think that we can implement the electrochemical uh methods there and um in that case as I have done my PhD I as I'm doing my PhD on the electrocatalytic water splitting I think that this can be a very good idea in my PhD project I have also worked with the ura oxidation reaction which is where ura is actually used in place of the anodic reaction instead of the oxygen evolution reaction and it is utilized to form the green hydrogen uh in a more easy way and the the advantage of this experiment is that in that case the biological waste that is ura that also gets utilized and reduced as a waste. So in one hand we are producing green hydrogen and on the other hand we are decreasing the amount of ura from the nature. So I think that we can implement this idea and s along with that we can actually take different that help of different modern technologies we can implement them into uh the pollution control method. In a case of air pollution, we can uh make much effort on the air pollution monitoring and we uh should notice the uh trends that are falling throughout the years in uh case of air pollution that what are the main sources and why so much pollution is taking place and we can actually put our effort on that that how can we solve this problem? how can we prevent that problem because prevention is always better than cure.

[00:05:32]So I think as a scientist in CBCB um I will always try to implement these ideas and I will also take the guidance from my seniors that how this situations can be handled and getting uh the experience from them and uh learning new things from CPCV I will be able to implement some new ideas there.

[00:06:01]Yes.

[00:06:02]Good. Next. Move on the uh CPCB. Yes. Uh CPCB organization, Central Pollution Control Board.

[00:06:10]>> Yes. What are the main role of CCB organization in our country India?

[00:06:15]>> So CPCB is the FX institution in terms of pollution in India. uh where CPCB does various works like uh the pollution monitoring and pollution control to meet the original standards that are maintained in terms of pollution. So CPCB actually focuses on that. Along with that CPCB forms different rules and regulations to uh reduce such type of uh pollution all over the India and it also advises uh the uh central board of ministry to implement different uh rules and regulations to control pollution.

[00:06:54]Along with it CPCB actually works with different SPCBs and thei pollution control committees of United territories. Um it uh also helps to solve different disputes between the CP all the SPCs around India all the state police control boards. It also works to uh increase the public awareness. So I think these are some main roles that are served by CPCB.

[00:07:25]>> Yes. Good. Next is scientist B. CPCB scientist B. What are the major role of scientist B in CPCB?

[00:07:32]Uh so the major roles include uh the monitoring of different uh pollution uh related data in CPCV that are collected from different SPCVS and pollution control communities and different monitoring systems all over the India.

[00:07:50]So uh scientists mainly u monitor such pollution trains and try to control them by providing different tools and regulations. So they work on formation of different rules and regulations and along with that they also work in the R&D sector of CPCB to continue different types of scientific experiments uh so that the pollution can be under control.

[00:08:17]Um so I think that these are some main roles of scientist Yes. Good.

[00:08:36]Next one. Move on the water pollution and air pollution.

[00:08:42]>> Yes sir.

[00:08:42]>> India is the most polluted city. You polluted country. Yes. Water also as well as air pollution. Yes. As a scientist if you get selected in this post. CPCB organization. CPCB organization. India's most top one organization in our country India as a polution department. Yes. Now what solution from your side as a scientist B how will you solve these type of problems in our country India? What is pollution and air pollution?

[00:09:14]uh sir in terms of water pollution uh as I have already mentioned that I will give more focus on electrochemical process and on the waste water treatment that all the waste water that is flowing throughout the country uh the drainage system the seaweed system they should be well maintained and we should make it sure that all the polluted waters at first gets well treated and then um they gets drained into different part bodies.

[00:09:45]Along with that the sprit rules should be uh provided by the pollution control boards to all the industries so that uh they before releasing the effluence into different water bodies they can actually process the water and can remove the harmful pollutants from it. And sir along with that I think that the water monitoring should be done in different uh water bodies like different ponds and rivers. the monitoring of the water quality should be uh done time to time and uh in terms of air pollution I will say that uh the monitoring of air is also very much needed and uh the uh as we can say about the daily air pollution it is mainly due to the stable warning in uh the nearby region like the up varana along with that the pollution is mainly due to different vehicular emissions and industrial emission. So I think that in that cases also some strict rules should be there that such type of pollutions should be avoided.

[00:10:59]The industries can be instructed that they can use some modern equipments like the electrostatic precipitator or gravitational safety chamber, fabric filters to uh um to uh control the pollutants that basically the particulate matters that gets emitted um through the uh emission system. So at first they should be u the uh emitted gas should be at first well processed so that uh their pollution uh the pollutant that is present in such type of gases can be well reduced and s along with that I think that there should be different rules in case of vehicular emission also that all the vehicles they should well maintain the auto fuel policy or the virus remission. So such types of precautions can be taken. So I think that these are some ideas that we can actually strictly follow and uh I think that this will be helpful in reducing such type of pollutions in India.

[00:12:12]>> Yes.

[00:12:22]Yes. Waste water treatment and solid waste treatment.

[00:12:26]>> Yes sir.

[00:12:28]>> Yes. What are the difference and how it work?

[00:12:33]>> Waste water treatment.

[00:12:35]Waste water treatment is actually treating the equivalent water that is coming from different industries or different seage uh seages uh or drains uh in the urban areas. So uh the waste water treatment is done by different stages like the waste water is actually collected and uh the different large enforcements that are or debris that are there. They at first are filtered from the water bodies and then the water is well treated with different disinfectants and uh they uh sometimes some microorganism treatment is also done which is called micro filtration in which using different microorganisms water gets more purified. So after that the water can be reused or can be actually uh drained into different water bodies like pawns or uh streams or rivers. Answer. In case of solid waste that is we know that solid waste are mainly the waste that we produce every in domestic uh in domestic world and also in outside that the waste that are actually produced. So for solid waste management there are different rules like there should be 100% doorto-door collection by the uh waste collectors and >> the segregation of the waste should be done that is in biodegradable waste non-biodegradable waste or the domestic hazardous waste. The nonbiodegradable waste can be recycled and the biodegradable waste are actually used in different land fields to form mature or compost. This those type of waste are also used by forming compost from it. So such type of measures actually taken to manage the solid waste.

[00:14:48]Yes. Good.

[00:14:52]Next. Move on the suppose if you get selected in this post, how will you contribute your master project knowledge in your PhD knowledge in your department? Yes. Presently have you published any research paper?

[00:15:04]>> Uh no sir, I have not yet published any research research paper but I have almost completed two of my projects.

[00:15:11]>> Yes. Yes. Okay. No problem. Move on.

[00:15:13]Your question is suppose if you get selected in this post uh how will you contribute your master project knowledge and your PhD project PhD topic knowledge in your department as a scientist B.

[00:15:26]>> Yes sir sir in my masters I have done my uh project on the magnetically separable nano catalyst. So in that case we actually synthesized some type of nano catalyst which were magnetically separable. we can after the entire reaction we can separate them using a magnet. So in uh I think in waste control also mainly in the waste waters if we use such type of catalyst to remove uh the polyons that are present in such type of waste water and after that if we can magnetically separ separate them so that can be of great use. So such type of innovations can be taken from our sides and uh sir in case of my PhD topic I think that it can be very much helpful in CPCB because my PhD topic is mainly on the electroc catalytic water splitting and the green hydrogen generation and so we know that green hydrogen generation is uh is an highly emerging field nowadays because of the scarcity of renewable non-renewable resources of energy. they are being extinct day by day and we know about the current fuel problem that is occurring worldwide. So we are mainly focusing on the green hydrogen generation because it's a very much pollution free process where no hazardous byproduct is actually formed.

[00:16:55]the product that is formed is green hydrogen and which doesn't cause any harm to the environment and it has high energy density as a fuel. So sir I think that uh this idea can be taken in CPCB also. We can actually use different type of biological waste like ura to u use such type of biological waste in such green hydrogen generation process and along with that we know that CO2 is a greenhouse gas which is affecting our uh global warming that is occurring uh that is a huge problem nowadays. So CO2 is a major reason of such type of global warming. So in by my research I can say that CO2 reduction reaction is also an emerging field in the electroc catalytic water splitting process where we can actually reduce CO2 and form the value added product form from it.

[00:18:02]So sir, I think that such type of electrochemical applications can be very much useful to reduce uh the pollution and can to make some uh important products. So I think that such type of ideas that I have gained from my PhD can be helpful because such type of technologies I think are needed in recent days to make something better and to reduce the pollution that are growing day by day.

[00:18:34]Yes, good.

[00:18:36]Next move on technical part chemistry in organic organic physical spectrum. Yes.

[00:18:42]First of all in organic chemistry what are the basic application of inorganic chemistry?

[00:18:48]Uh so in the periodic table if we remove the element carbon and hydrogen then the entire all the other elements the study of such type of elements are actually called the inorganic chemistry. So in organic chemistry is also a huge subject where we study about different elements, their chemical properties, their physical properties, how they are acting, how they are forming different types of compounds, how they are behaving in different environment. So in organic chemistry is highly useful to learn about different elements and uh to uh how and their reactions and we can actually apply them in our daily lives because we know that everything that we are using nowadays are derived from chemistry. So in organic chemistry can be very much helpful there because all the chemicals or chemical compounds that we are using there mainly everywhere some kind of inorganic chemistry is required. So that is an huge application of inorganic chemistry.

[00:20:03]>> Yeah. In organic first basic periodic table. What are the main role of periodic table?

[00:20:07]>> Yes sir.

[00:20:09]Uh so in periodic table we actually study about the periodic properties of elements with increasing atomic number.

[00:20:21]>> Yes. Next in organic basic is chemical bonding.

[00:20:27]The role of chemical bonding. uh sir sir chemical bonding is actually an attractive force that is formed between two different atoms which makes the atoms to come close and form a new type of compound. So such attractive force is actually named as chemical bonding coordination OMC what are the role of coordination? Yes, >> in chemistry >> sir coordination compounds are coordination chemistry is actually the branch of chemistry where we study about different coordinate coordinate compounds where coordinate bond is actually formed and such type of compounds are usually applied in our daily labs mainly in pharmaceutical regions and also to produce different type of chemicals catalyst etc because they have huge var variety of their chemical properties, oxidation state and their electronic transition are also very much different. That's why we have made a completely new chapter to study about such type of compounds.

[00:21:41]>> The next move on the periodic table is S block P block D block element. Yes. What are the difference?

[00:21:46]>> Yes sir.

[00:21:48]Sir block elements are mainly the group one and group two elements where the final electron enters into the uh s orbital and p block elements are actually the group 13 to group 18 elements where the final electron enters into the p orbital. The db block elements are from group three to group 12. These are also called the transition elements. This in this type of elements the last electron enters into the d orbital. Whereas the block elements are mainly the lanes and latinise where the final electron enters into the f orital.

[00:22:33]So this is the basic difference between them.

[00:22:41]>> Yes.

[00:22:43]Uh F block element is um which S block P block D block F block element.

[00:22:50]Yes.

[00:22:51]>> Yes sir. Yes. The difference between hydrogen and helium's periodic position in a periodic table >> sir. Hydrogen is present hydrogen has the electronic configuration 1 and helium is have the electron configuration of 12. Helium is said a noble gas because it's it does it is completely inert in its chemical properties as it's shell is completely filled so it doesn't tend to react so much but in case of hydrogen there is one electron in its s orbital and it is it has completely a separate uh position in the periodic table uh it Actually it has some properties like the one s elements sorry not 1s the s block elements of the group one and some properties like the uh group uh seven elements. So hydrogen has been given a completely new uh position in the periodic table. On the top of the periodic table we can find out hydrogen.

[00:24:14]Yes. Good. Next move on organic chemistry. Organic chemistry. Yes sir.

[00:24:20]Basic. How do you apply organic chemistry knowledge in your department as a scientist?

[00:24:26]Uh sir uh in case of uh as a scientist B in CTC I think that uh there are different organic pollutants in the atmosphere that we have to deal with. So as a scientist B I think that my organic knowledge will be used there that how different type of organic pollutants are reacting and how they can be managed well.

[00:25:00]Yes. Organic is first go.

[00:25:03]Yes sir.

[00:25:04]>> Inductive effect hyper conjugation.

[00:25:08]>> Yes.

[00:25:08]>> Resonance.

[00:25:09]>> Yes. Differences.

[00:25:12]Uh sir if we say about the inductive effect it actually takes place due to the presence of electron rich or electron deficient groups and it the effect is permanent and uh the uh effect actually occurs due to the difference between electro negativity between two atoms. That's why the presence of a particular group makes one particular atom electro negative or electropositive that is electron rich or electron deficient. This is actually the inductive effect. If we say about the mesharate effect then uh this type of effect appears due to the pi conjugation on the system. Here the p conjugation occurs and that's why a particular atom becomes electron rich or electron deficient and in case of hyper conjugation hyper conjugative effect this includes both sigma bond and pi bond the displacement of sigma bonds or pi bonds make one particular atom electron richer electron deficient in that case and sir the final one that you have mentioned >> yes yes Uh sir the final point that you have mentioned after hyper conjugative effect >> resonance >> resonance okay so sir resonance is the phenomena by which we can actually define a particular molecule with its different molecular structure like for a particular molecule we cannot describe it molecular properties many times by only it one structure in that case uh the deoized electron density between the entire molecule actually represents different molecular structure of this compound and the all the molecular structures overall represents the molecular properties of this compound.

[00:27:10]So such type of phenomena of deoization of electrons and formation of different molecular compounds this phenomena is actually called presence.

[00:27:22]>> Yes. Good. Next basic is intermediates.

[00:27:27]Intermediate. How many type of intermediate reaction mech? How many type of reaction can you explain one by one?

[00:27:33]>> Yes.

[00:27:34]So intermediates are actually uh the elements that are formed in between reaction and product that when the reaction reactants actually tends to form products then in between uh those two states some unstable state may appear and such type of unstable states which sometimes can also be isolated.

[00:27:57]These are actually called the intermediate steps which are of higher energy than the reactants or the product and from that intermediate the products are generally formed. So such type of complexes unstable complexes are actually called the intermediate.

[00:28:26]Yes.

[00:28:29]Next. Move on. Organic chemistry, parisyclic, hetro, photo aromaticity, stereochemistry.

[00:28:35]Yes. What are the differences?

[00:28:36]>> Yes sir.

[00:28:39]>> Uh sir, first one you have mentioned is peryclic.

[00:28:42]>> Yes sir. Piccyclic reaction is actually one type of organic reaction which involves the cyclic transition state that by cyclic transition state a reactant is actually formed transformed into product. So this type of reactions which involves a cyclic transition state that are named as very cyclic uh compounds per cyclic reaction sorry.

[00:29:12]Yes. Next.

[00:29:16]>> So next one uh what you have asked?

[00:29:19]>> Yes. Yes. Where is photo aromaticity hetro aromatic and stereo. Explain one by one. Photo >> photochemistry.

[00:29:30]>> Yes.

[00:29:32]Uh so photochemistry is actually the branch of organic chemistry where we study about different chemical reactions which are initiated by the absorption of light or photons. When a particular reactant is irradiated with the light then by the light absorption it may have some chemical changes which uh changes uh are actually called the photochemical reactions. So these are some these are actually the and the study of this type of photochemical reactions and photochemical photochemically active compounds is that can be called the photochemistry. And so then you have mentioned aromaticity. Amaticity is actually uh the branch of chemistry where we study the extra stabilization of different uh organic compounds due to uh as it obeys some rules like the 4N plus two pi electrons rules when uh and organic compound follows rules like the completed cy structure conjugated uh pi bonds conjugated electrons that can move over uh the entire structure and also uh the presence of 4 plus two number of pi electrons it becomes aromatic and thus highly stable. So this the study of such type of aromatic compounds uh can are included in uh the organic chemistry and the phenomena of some such aromatic compounds to show the nature of to show such nature of extra stability due to the deoization of 4 plus two pi electrons is called aromaticity.

[00:31:31]Yes. Next. Yes. Photochemistry is you know organic photochemistry and and physical photo chemistry. What are the difference?

[00:31:42]Uh sir in organic photochemistry actually we study about different organic reactions which are initiated by light and in physical photochemistry actually we study about uh that how light changes different type of reactions like how much product can be formed, how much the quantum me can be there uh how much absorption of light can um form products from the reactants.

[00:32:12]So such type of physical properties related to light that drives any chemical reaction that is actually physical photochemistry. The study of this is actually physical photochemistry and the reactions the study of particularly the reactions the mechanisms that are undergoing the study of this is actually organic photochemistry.

[00:32:34]>> Yes.

[00:32:35]Organic photo and physically jealousy diagram. What is javelinski diagram?

[00:32:41]>> Yes sir.

[00:32:43]Uh sir actually in Jablonsky diagram we uh study about uh the absorption and emission phenomena of uh the light where light is absorbed and it gets a transition into different sorry sir in jablonsky diagram we study about the absorption and emission of different light the fluesence and phosporations phenomena where at first light is absorb absorbed by different molecules and it gets excited into higher excited state like from S0 state to S1 state or S2 state and when uh they after uh the absorption and excitement they shows some emissions phenomena that can be radiative or non-radiative emissions and the study of such type of emissions can be studied by Jablonsky diagram where we can say see obser Oberve the diagram of different type of emission and absorption which leads to phosphorations interystem crossing etc. So this diagram this type of diagram which represents this all is can be called the danc good. Next is aromaticity. Aromaticity aromatic aromatic nonaromatic homoaromaticity.

[00:34:14]Uh sir aromaticity aromatic compounds are those compounds which actually obey the hook rule hook rules. Uh that is the tenant structure the number of plus 2 pi electrons uh complete pre-loization of electrons over the entire structure. when a particular molecule obeys such type of rules they can be named as the aromatic compound because after that they get extra stability. In case of antiaromatic compounds the same rules are followed but instead of 4 + 2 number of pi electrons only foreign number of pi electrons are present there. So uh in that case the molecular structure becomes highly unstable. So such type of compounds are actually called the antiaromatic compounds and nonaromatic compounds are those type of compounds which are basically non tener though they can be the presence of deoized electrons but they cannot get actually deoized due to their non polarity nonplerity. So such type of compounds can be called the nonaromatic compounds which doesn't show aromaticity, doesn't show anti-aromaticity at all. So these are actually some nonaromatic compounds.

[00:35:34]Homoaromatic compounds are actually such type of compounds where not all the atoms that are present within the molecule are involved in the conjugation. There can be one or two atoms which are not present in the configuration and which are not actually involved in the conjugation and they goes out of the plane but the other electrons they get deoized and actually gets the planer type of structure. So such type of phenomena can be called the homoametricity.

[00:36:10]So sir these are some basic differences between such type of phenomena. Yes, goodness. Is stereochemistry stereo basic things is isomear in organic isome organic isomear what are the difference >> sir organic isomeism and >> no organic isome?

[00:36:30]>> Okay. Uh so in case of inorganic isomearism we actually study it in case of we mainly study it in case of the coordination chemistry there actually we study the isomearism in different inorganic coordination modes like we can actually observe the ionization isomeism where there is the change in the ionization sphere. uh the coordination is uh there are the different types of isomeism like the geometric isomeism C and trans. So such type of isomeisms are actually present in coordination chemistry or in inorganic compounds. But in case of organic compounds we actually observe the C and trans isomeism the actually here isomeism takes place due to the same bond connectivity but the structures not become the same. So they are nonh super imposible and sometimes they can form mirror images and sometimes they cannot form mirror images. So such differences actually lead to the organic isolation.

[00:37:52]>> Yes. Let's move on physical chemistry.

[00:37:55]Yes. What are the basic application of physical chemistry?

[00:37:58]>> Uh so physical chemistry is actually a conjugation or an connection between uh the chemistry and physics where actually we study the physical phenomena of different chemical compounds. their nature and different physical reasons of different chemical phenomena. Uh so the uh branch where we study about such type of things this is actually the physical chemistry.

[00:38:28]>> The next is spectroscopy. What are the basic application of spectroscopy?

[00:38:34]So spectroscopy mainly is used to study the chemical structure of different compounds that when a compound or a sample is in our hand we don't completely know the structure. So spectroscop spectroscopy can be of highly useful in that case. Using spectroscopy we can actually study about uh different functional groups that are present in that compound or their number of equivalent or non-equivalent atoms that are present there or the different chem electronic transitions that are taking place within them. So analyzing such type of data we can predict the chemical structure of that type of compound which can be helpful for us for synthesizing new compounds later. So um this is the main application of spectroscopy that is used.

[00:39:30]>> Yes. Good. Next one is how will you apply that your spectroscopy knowledge in your department as a scientist? Any new point?

[00:39:39]uh such spectroscopy is usually used to study the chemical structure of different compounds. So uh I think that it can be highly used to determine different pollutants in any sample. So if we have a sample in our hand and if we apply different type of spectroscopic techniques like uh suppose we are performing the air spectroscopic technique. So from that we can know that whether this type of pollutant is organic pollutant or not and if it is then which type of functional group is present there. We can also study the UV spectroscopy the NMR spectroscopy we can perform. So uh studying different type of spectroscopic uh data we can actually analyze the structure of that type of compound. So uh here I think that spectroscopy can have huge utilization.

[00:40:38]>> Yes overall is good answer from your side. All the best for your interview.

[00:40:42]Okay. Thank you.

[00:40:43]>> Okay sir. Thank you. Answer from your side. Okay. Thank you. All the best.

[00:40:46]>> Okay sir. Thank you sir.