COMBINED SCIENCE LESSON ON ACIDS AND BASES PART 2

[00:00:03][clears throat] Sacrifice.

[00:00:25]Examples of acids. Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid.

[00:00:46]My strong acids this strong acids I think again.

[00:01:05]All right.

[00:01:08]All right.

[00:01:16]All acids contain hydrogen.

[00:01:38]ID reaction reactive metals they dissolve in acid potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium ei acid dissolve in acid and gas.

[00:02:23]Reactive metals dissolve in acids and hydrogen gas is produced. is evolved.

[00:02:36]All right.

[00:02:39]Acid plus metal acid metal acid.

[00:02:56]Hydrogen gas. Hydrogen gas always say the first example hydrochloric acid is reacting with the metalium.

[00:03:18]>> Calcium calcium chloride.

[00:03:26]Then plus hydrogen gas.

[00:03:30]Next one. Same hydrochloric acid.

[00:03:38]>> Magnesium [clears throat] magnesium chloride hydrogen gas.

[00:03:48]The third example hydrochloric acid.

[00:03:56]zinc chloride plus hydrogen gas as the salt plus gas hydrogen. So the gas produced when an acid react with a metal.

[00:04:43]Hydrogen gas formed.

[00:05:00]>> Yes. Sulfuric acid forms nitrates and nitric acid forms.

[00:05:17]It forms nitrates.

[00:05:30][snorts] Then nitric acid.

[00:05:34]>> Nitrates.

[00:05:38]about reaction.

[00:05:41]Acid base.

[00:06:09]All right.

[00:06:12][clears throat] carbonate. You know the acid carbonate reaction.

[00:06:35]Acids fees with carbonates and carbon dioxide gas is evolved.

[00:06:51]All right. So, carbon dioxide.

[00:07:26]How do you know this is carbon dioxide?

[00:07:29]How do you know that this is hydrogen?

[00:07:35]General equation acid carbonate carbon dioxide.

[00:07:57]For example, Hydrochloric acid plus sodium chloride.

[00:08:22]Carbon dioxide always carbon dioxide always. An acid guy [snorts] experiment. And you hydrochloric acid.

[00:09:17]All right.

[00:09:32]>> Is there any sign showing that the reaction is taking place? Is there any sign there?

[00:09:43]sign there.

[00:09:47]>> Appearance of bubbles in >> appearance of bubbles.

[00:09:53]There is a certain gas that is being what? Released.

[00:09:59]What do you think is the gas released there?

[00:10:11]Carbon dioxide. Why carbon dioxide?

[00:10:18]>> Because acid hydrochloric acid carbon dioxide.

[00:10:29]What is the function of lime water?

[00:10:36]Hydrochloric acid.

[00:10:39]But why limestone to the other to the other test? Why?

[00:10:48]All right.

[00:10:59]If they can use bicarbonate indicator and changes biccarbonate indicator from red to yellow.

[00:11:17]What are they saying?

[00:11:20]Testing [snorts] for carbon dioxide. [clears throat] How do you test the presence of carbon dioxide?

[00:11:32]Lime water indicate lime water.

[00:11:40]Lime water. If carbon dioxide is present, it turns it to indicide.

[00:11:50]It turns bicarbonate indices they ask a question like this prepare magnesium oxide.

[00:12:19]How do you prepare magnesium oxide? How do you answer that question?

[00:12:23]How do you prepare magnesium oxide?

[00:12:28]In other words, describe how magnesium oxide is produced.

[00:12:41]What you are doing here, we are preparing G carbon dioxide. We we are showing you how it is produced.

[00:12:54]It reacts with hydrochloric acid.

[00:13:02]Ephesence is observed is seen as carbon dioxide is evolved.

[00:13:14]What is the thing there that we can see that we can observe is observed is sin.

[00:13:27]This is an [laughter] indication that there is a gas produced. There is carbon dioxide that is being evolved.

[00:13:38]This froth >> froth.

[00:14:04]All right. Any research very soon we'll talk about that metals are violent most reactive metals.

[00:14:28][clears throat] to prove to prove that gas produced is carbon dioxide. So how do you test the presence of carbon dioxide? We use lime water and when carbon dioxide is present it turns from clear to what >> or we use what bicarbonate indicator.

[00:15:12]When carbon dioxide is present, it turned This is a testy.

[00:15:56]How do we prepare hydrogen?

[00:16:06]>> [clears throat] >> and right. We have a certain solution solution.

[00:16:36]Hydrooid [clears throat] gasal.

[00:17:08]magnesium right is taking place.

[00:17:39]up.

[00:17:41]Really? Hydrogen 2 with a popping sound. P.

[00:18:02]It extinguish the flame.

[00:18:12]most sound least reactive.

[00:18:27]the slowest when it comes to reacting it extinguish the reason why I'm teaching you this how do what is the difference in the testing of the gas produced sodium because the reaction is just extinguish it with pop sound produced.

[00:19:23]So how do we test the presence of hydrogen gas? We use a match stick. When hydrogen is present, it burns with what?

[00:19:31]Pops out or it extinguishame.

[00:19:35]The flame You don't know.

[00:20:02]They contain oxygen.

[00:20:07]Oxides of what?

[00:20:10]>> Oxides of what?

[00:20:12]>> Oxides of what?

[00:20:22]to blue reactor with acid for salt energy.

[00:20:45]All metal oxides are what?

[00:20:48]>> For example, we have >> is a base. Aluminium oxide is a base.

[00:20:54]Zinc oxide is a base.

[00:20:58]Clearly the reaction between an acid and a base [snorts] reaction between acid base in it is called neutralization reaction. I'm not going to talk about that today because even the type of salt formed by hydrochloric chloride sulfuric sulfate nitric acid you know nitrate yes weak bases just was 14.

[00:22:06]I think this pass [clears throat] swords are made when >> we can make souls.

[00:22:33]By reacting acids and metal oxides which means we can make salts by reacting oxides.

[00:22:57]experiment is purpose aim is to make copper to solve solution. Copper 2 sulfate. What is copper to solve? As you can see there, copper 2. Copper solid.

[00:23:12]Copper 2. Copper 2 sulfate. What is what is this one?

[00:23:18]Chon's copper 2.

[00:23:22]Copper copper.

[00:23:36]reactance.

[00:23:43]The aim of this experiment is to make copper to sulfate oxide.

[00:24:07]It's what? copper oxide and saluric acid.

[00:24:21]Number one add Copper oxide dilute suric acid.

[00:24:53][snorts] and stay continuously stag.

[00:25:10]I was oxide to warm acid.

[00:25:29]>> [clears throat] >> You add more and more copper oxide until the oxide can dissolve. No more you are adding more cooxide. stirring.

[00:25:55]You're adding more copper copper oxide until the oxide can anymore.

[00:26:09][laughter] All right.

[00:26:14]This means the reaction is complete, right? What say [clears throat] filter and collect the blue filtrate formed.

[00:26:41]Blue.

[00:26:44]This is a solution of copper sulfate.

[00:26:54]solution blue solution that is going to be formed there.

[00:27:13]evaporate some of the solution until it is saturated. What is going to evaporate then?

[00:27:22]>> It's water.

[00:27:25]Right.

[00:27:30]Allow the solution to cool. Then copper of what? Copper two of copper.

[00:27:59]Filter off the chtos using filter paper and allow them to dry. That's how we form salt. Question. How do you prepare salts? This is the answer. How do you make up a salt?

[00:28:22]until it saturated until we get what we want. I think that that's the simplest definition.

[00:28:32]>> Until we get what we want. You know, if you eat until you become saturated anymore others they are saturated. Others they are what? Unsaturated. You learn more there. You get the sense when the warm air and the cold air meet this air and warm it is forced to rise.

[00:29:06]When the woman is saturated when it reaches a certain point it can no longer ascend. It stops there. That's where condensation takes place.

[00:29:19]dry over.

[00:29:47]I don't want to use a name for that one.

[00:29:52][laughter] [laughter] >> [laughter] >> PH 0 to 7.

[00:30:34]The solution PH is the degree of acidity or alkalinity.

[00:30:47]It is measured on a scale from 0 to 14.

[00:30:51]Then pH less than 7 acidic. PH that is exactly 7 is neutral. PH greater than 7 is alkaline. Strong acids have pH closer to what?

[00:31:02]>> To one. Strong bases have pH close to what >> to 40. I think litmus paper can be used to test whether something is acidic or alkaline. Acids they turn blue but they turn red.

[00:31:26]I think they're very angry. Very very I do