Bihar Deled Science Classes 2026 | Bihar Deled Science Master Class | Bihar Deled Exam Date 2026

追加: 2026-06-04

[00:00:40]Hello, how are you all? I hope all the students are doing well and are preparing vigorously.

[00:00:46]Friends, I, Dilawar Singh Parihar, welcome all of you dear friends to this online platform of Careville One. All the dear friends who are connected here, all of them are very welcome from the bottom of my heart.

[00:00:57]Friends, here we are discussing your master classes for Bihar D.El.Ed 2026 exam. Class number 12 is here and we are going to move forward here in a tremendous way.

[00:01:10]Ok? So all the dear friends who are connected here and are preparing for Bihar D.El.Ed exam, then they should quickly join here, you guys should quickly try to share the session as much as possible, brother, the first question is in front of your screen, I will try to tell you the reason for the shining of diamond, you have to tell here what is the reason for diamond shining, tell me the reason for the shining of diamond, you must have seen that your diamond shines, now the reason for its shining, I will try to tell you here, your refraction, diffraction, total internal reflection or your only reflection, tell me the reason for the shining of diamond, along with the reason for the appearance of mirage, friends, your mirage will come here only, the reason for the appearance of mirage, which we call mirage, what is it called, mirage, so mirage or your mirage, the reason for its appearance is the water that is visible on the distant road in summer, on the distant road in summer, on the distant road in summer But remember, the water that you see, the water that you see on the distant road in summer, what will be the reason for all this, I will try to tell you that your mirage will be visible, what will be the reason for the water that you see on the distant road in summer? So friends, if we talk here, the reason for all this will be total internal reflection. This thing has to be kept in mind. What will happen? There will be total internal reflection. You should know.

[00:02:52]TIR will happen. Ok?

[00:02:54]TIR. So you have to understand this. This will cause the diamond to shine. In summer, when you travel on the road, that is, when you travel on the highways in the summer season and you see that there is no vehicle coming in front of you. So it seems like what happened to you there water? It is lying on the road.

[00:03:12]But actually water would not have fallen on the road.

[00:03:14]This is an illusion that you see because of the way TI TIR works. When a person wanders in the desert and there is only desert as far as the eye can see, then it seems to him that there is a pond of water somewhere far away, but it is only a mirage. You should know that it is formed in a way due to TIR. What will happen to the critical angle here? There will be formation.

[00:03:38]All of you please pay attention. Ok? Whose formation will it be? A critical angle will be formed. Ok? Is there any problem? Well, let me try to tell you one thing.

[00:03:47]What is refraction?

[00:03:49]Remember the object submerged in water.

[00:03:52]Note down an object submerged in water. Your object is submerged in water. The object appears raised. To appear elevated. This is very important that you should know. Your term is that whatever is submerged in water, it becomes visible above the surface. For example, if we dip a coin in water, it will appear as if the coin is facing upwards. Ok? So what will happen to all these things? You will have refractions. You should know.

[00:04:23]Ok?

[00:04:25]Is it clear? next.

[00:04:27]By heating the dash, a compound is obtained which is used in the making of toys and statues.

[00:04:34]Try to tell. On heating dash we get a compound which is used in making toys and statues. Tell me which substance is used in your formation of toys and statues.

[00:04:47]Tell me which substance on heating gives such a compound? The name of that compound has not been asked. Did not ask the name of that compound.

[00:04:54]Who gets that compound when heated? Option number B is coming here.

[00:04:58]CaSO4.2H2O Did you understand the question? Very good.

[00:05:02]You understand the question. It is a good thing that when heated, we get a compound which will be used to make toys and your idols.

[00:05:10]Friends, POP will be used in making toys and statues.

[00:05:15]POP plaster of Paris will be used. And your chemical formula of plaster of Paris will be CaSO4, calcium sulphate hemihydrate, remember hemi hydrate. Calcium sulfate your hemihydrate. Calcium Sulphate Hemihydrate This is plaster of Paris.

[00:05:34]Calcium sulfate hemihydrate guys. Ok? Now how is this calcium sulphate hemihydrate formed? So this is basically calcium sulfate dihydrate.

[00:05:46]What did we do to calcium sulfate dihydrate? One way you heat it is at 130 degrees Celsius. And what did we get? CaSO4 dot 1/2 H2O and this CaSO4. 1/2H2O which is plaster of Paris. This is plaster of Paris.

[00:06:04]And this is your gypsum. So your plaster of Paris is obtained only after heating the gypsum.

[00:06:09]This means friends, what will be our answer?

[00:06:13]CaSO4.2H2O means your gypsum. If you heat gypsum, plaster of Paris will be formed here.

[00:06:20]You have to understand this. Okay friends?

[00:06:23]Everything is clear till here, right?

[00:06:25]Ok?

[00:06:51]So here we will try to tell you brother, what will be your answer, it will be your answer, here you have to understand it clearly, friends, if we talk about FeSO4, then with this FeSO4, in a way, FeSO4 will become 7H2O, it will become FeSO4.7H2O.

[00:07:08]This will be your green vitriol.

[00:07:13]This will be your green vitriol, friends, your green vitriol. Green vitriol will be green vitriol.

[00:07:22]You should know. Okay sir, why would this green vitriol be yours? FeSO4 because see here the oxidation state of oxygen is Fe+. Why is Fe+ present? Because sulphate which is SO4 is -2.

[00:07:36]So to react with it, we need iron whose oxidation state is +2. And when the oxidation state of iron is +2, friends, then it is green in colour. Because you know that iron is a d block element and d block elements form colourful ions.

[00:07:52]So what makes them colorful?

[00:07:54]Make your iron. So if iron is in the +2 form then it will be green in colour.

[00:07:58]Like let's talk about zinc. If zinc is on your +2 form then it will be white colorless.

[00:08:03]How will that be, friends? Yours will be colorless.

[00:08:06]Remember the color, all of you will be lace.

[00:08:09]Now it will be colorless, so when it reacts with zinc sulfate and forms septahydrate, it will be called white. White vitriol will speak. Because your zinc is colorless. Now zinc is colorless, my friends. So when the oxidation state of zinc is +2, it will be colorless, so what color will it become? It will become white in colour. You have to understand this. And another interesting thing is that when your copper is in the +2 form, it will be blue in colour. It will be blue in colour.

[00:08:38]That is why when copper reacts with sulphate, it forms pentahydrate.

[00:08:43]And this blue vitriol is what you're called here. What will you say, friends?

[00:08:48]Remember your Blue. Vitriol you should know.

[00:08:52]Blue will become your favorite. Next question: What is known as the 2n² rule? Tell. Your rule of 2n², which rule is yours in chemistry? Tell. Your rule of 2n², which rule is yours in chemistry?

[00:09:09]Tell. We filled the electrons inside the orbitals using the 2n² rule.

[00:09:12]Ok? Meaning, you should know that your nucleus, which is your nucleus in the atom, was discovered by Rutherford and what is this, your entire atom is one. Ok? This is the entire atom. Now a scientist comes to your house and says, brother, you should know what spherical structures are being found around this nucleus? Paths are being found.

[00:09:38]What are the sphericals being found? Paths are being found.

[00:09:40]And this spherical path, this spherical path is called our orbit.

[00:09:45]These spherical paths are called shells.

[00:09:48]This spherical path is called your kosha. Guys, what is it called? It is called a dictionary. So this is the orbit, the shell or your cell which is your spherical path.

[00:09:58]And you should know that it is in these spherical paths that your electrons are existing. Ok? And you should know what is there here? Your electrons are causing you to exist.

[00:10:10]So friends, these electrons that are existing, we said that this is your K shell.

[00:10:16]This is your K shell. This is L. This is M and what is this yours? N is. So K has two electrons. L has eight electrons.

[00:10:24]M has 18 electrons. And N has 32 electrons. So what about these electrons of yours?

[00:10:33]Where is the configuration or distribution of electrons? Who does that for you, in the shell, in the repository, or in the classroom? 2n² and this was explained by Bor Bury.

[00:10:41]So Bohr and Barry were two scientists.

[00:10:44]Together they gave a concept that in what order will the electrons in your orbit, your shell, go. In which sequence will you go? So he first told the sequence that your shell is k ln, what are these? Basically you have shells.

[00:11:00]And here the number of electrons you are going to have are two electrons in K, eight in l, 18 in m, 32 in n and how did we know this? So this was found out by the rule of 2n² where n is equal to what, friends, your n is equal to your shell number. So this is the first shell. This is the second shell. This is the third shell. So what will your 2 * 1 square be for the first shell? Two electrons will come. 2 * 2² For the second shell, n = 2 will have to be kept. So how much will it be? 8 electrons. 2 * 2 = 4 and 4 * 2 = 8. 2 * Now replace n with 3. The square of 3 will come. So friends, yours will be 3 * 3 = 9 and 9 * 2 = 18. Now what should you do by doubling it? Substitute four for n.

[00:11:41]Square of four 4 * 4 = 16 and 16 * 2 = 32 electrons. Now when you come forward, replace 2 * n with five. So the square of 5 where this number is 1 2 3 4 5 is 1 2 3 4 5 as we move forward 5 25 and double your 50 electrons, so he told that brother, as your orbits increase, the number of electrons in them will also increase, so remember your innermost shell has two electrons, the second shell after that has eight electrons, the third shell has 18 electrons, the fourth shell has 32 electrons, the fifth shell has 50 electrons, second thing, how are they named? So first of all the shell name will start with K. KLMN and what will happen? O. Then what will happen? PQR. This requires a little attention. So you have two in forever. L has eight. There are 18 in M. There are 32 in N. How many will be there in O? 50. So you can fill further.

[00:12:37]So you have to remember that maximum 18 can go in M.

[00:12:42]Maximum 32 can go into N. Maximum 50 can go in O.

[00:12:44]You guys should remember this.

[00:12:46]Ok? In the model of Somerfield, he told that these orbits are of different sizes and sub-cells are also found inside them. So here you have to understand the rule of 2n², did you understand what I said? So if a question comes in Chemistry, look, one question will come in Chemistry that brother, who discovered the nucleus? The nucleus that your atom has a nucleus in the middle of it. There is nucleus. So friends, who discovered the nucleus? So the nucleus was discovered by Rutherford.

[00:13:29]Who did Rutherford? I would like to tell you what Rutherford did.

[00:13:31]So you should know who discovered you? Your Rutherford made the discovery. Who made the discovery? Your Rutherford. So the discovery of the nucleus was done by Rutherford. Ok?

[00:13:44]Share the session as much as possible, my brother, quickly.

[00:14:01]Next what type of covalent bond is there in H2O2O3 Cl2 etc. Is it polar, non-polar, simple or is it your none of these? Tell. Speaking of H2, what are the two? Yours are similar.

[00:14:14]Speaking of O2, what are the two? Yours are similar. Talking about O3, here all three are similar to yours. Cl2 has both your similars. It means it is a simple thing that this is being formed between your identical atoms.

[00:14:30]Remember the identity. It is being formed in the middle of the atom.

[00:14:33]And what happens to you when you get between identical atoms? There is sharing of electrons.

[00:14:37]Ok? So which one is your closure? Tell me, you should know whether it is non-polar or normal covalent or none of these or polar. Tell me B, the answer is coming, tell me for sure, what is this covalent?

[00:15:17]Remember here what is the partnership of electrons?

[00:15:22]B, the answer is coming, your partnership is partnership, is B correct, so remember there is partnership of your electrons.

[00:15:31]Now the partnership of electrons can happen in two ways or there can be similar ones on both sides, like Cl2, so what are the two chlorines doing with each other here? Connecting.

[00:15:40]Or NH3 NH3 Partnership is happening here too.

[00:15:45]But one is your nitrogen and three are your what? In a way, you have hydrogens.

[00:15:50]What are your three? There are hydrogens.

[00:15:52]Three are your hydrogens. And remember this, all of you. Three are your hydrogens. And remember what's yours, friends? There's your nitrogen. What is your one? In a way, your nitrogen is there. What is your one?

[00:16:05]Nitrogen is and remember your three what are your? In a way you have hydrogen.

[00:16:09]Ok? So let's talk about it here.

[00:16:16]So if I talk about here, what is there here? It is non-identical. There is nitrogen here. Here is hydrogen or is it identical. Meaning, there are identical candidates in all the exams. So the identical one will be your nonpolar covalent bond. Non-polar covalent bond. Non- polar covalent bond. Non-polar covalent bond. So what would non-polar covalent bonds be? You should know about the base covalent bond and these are the ones that you will basically be familiar with.

[00:16:41]What will happen in these, friends?

[00:16:43]In these you should know that there will be similar atoms.

[00:16:45]Ok? And what will this basically be? This will be a polar covalent bond.

[00:16:50]1 minute. This will be a polar covalent bond.

[00:16:52]You should know this.

[00:16:55]All of you remember Polar.

[00:16:59]Covalent where what? Where in a way what will happen in Polar? You should know.

[00:17:05]Where both are different things. Ok? Is there any problem or trouble? You understood till here, right? This will definitely raise one or the other question from your chemical bonding. If I'm saying electron is being donated to electron.

[00:17:20]Electrons are being donated totally.

[00:17:22]And how is the donation being made?

[00:17:24]By transfer.

[00:17:29]By making a transfer transfer. By transferring.

[00:17:35]Now when the transfer is being done, remember your electrovalent there.

[00:17:44]Electro, remember electrovalent bond. Electrovalent bond and this electrovalent bond is also called ionic bond.

[00:18:11]What is an ionic bond called? It is called ionic bond.

[00:18:14]Now here when two atomic orbitals overlap laterally then they are formed.

[00:18:18]When two atomic orbitals overlap each other then which of the following is form? Tell us that the sides overlap. Tell me brother, it means something like this, this is one of your orbitals and the other orbital is this, so if a bond is formed here in this way, if a bond is formed in a lateral manner, then always remember that you know that sigma is lying down and pi is standing upright.

[00:18:59]Ok? Now the second thing is that the orbitals also have linear overlap.

[00:19:05]How do they do it? Linear overlaps also occur. What do they do?

[00:19:10]Linear overlapping also does that. And the linear overlapping that happens goes something like this.

[00:19:19]Ok? So what happens here? One is the formation of your bond. So if this one is lying down then it is of sigma type and if this one is standing straight then what type are yours? You should know this. It is from pie type.

[00:19:30]Is it or not brother? The pie is standing. If Sigma is lying down then it has to be understood like that.

[00:19:34]If basically lateral overlapping and here linear overlapping or head on head overlapping. If someone ever says this, this sigma of yours is called head on head.

[00:19:46]Head on head. And always remember that Sigma is stronger. It is head to head and remember this is strong, friends, yours is strong.

[00:19:59]Because you know that when head to head overlapping is done then the heads of both get connected to each other. Head on head overlapping. So which bond is this of yours? is a sigma bond. So I asked what is it? Let's expand your side.

[00:20:11]Basically, what bond will be formed here?

[00:20:12]Pi Bond will be formed, friends. This question will be asked of you. Ok?

[00:20:16]Is it clear? Which Bond will be yours? will be the pi bond. Is it clear? Which is your stronger bond, friends? You have your sigma bond here. Is it clear? Is there any problem or trouble? Is it clear? So this is what you have to understand here.

[00:20:34]Ok? Let go.

[00:20:39]So this is how you have to understand it here. Next, the volume of water when heated between 0 and 4 degrees Celsius is asked. When water is heated from 0 to 5°C its volume will increase or decrease; firstly increase then decrease and remain the same. Tell me we are going from 0 to 4° Celsius.

[00:20:59]So what will be its volume?

[00:21:01]Tell. B Answer is coming. B Answer is coming.

[00:21:04]B Answer is coming. Look, if I talk about where are we going from 0 degrees Celsius? 4 degrees Celsius. So look, 4 degrees Celsius and now from four we are moving ahead to 10 degrees Celsius. Now understand what I am saying.

[00:21:20]Ok? 4 degrees Celsius is one such condition.

[00:21:23]4 degrees Celsius is a condition where the density of water is highest. Does it happen or not? Friends, the density of water is the highest. There is maximum density.

[00:21:53]Maximum Density: Remember, maximum density is of water.

[00:21:59]Maximum density means that at 4 degrees Celsius the water molecules come very close. What happens to the water molecules at 4 degrees Celsius? They come closer. Do the water molecules come suddenly? They come closer. At 4 degrees Celsius. Do water molecules come immediately? They come closer. Ok? Now due to this its density becomes the highest. The density is highest here.

[00:22:32]And if the density is high then what will be the volume?

[00:22:36]Obviously the volume will be less.

[00:22:39]Because density and volume are inversely proportional. are inversionally proportional. Density means the close proximity of molecules.

[00:22:47]And volume means how much space they are occupying. So if the molecules come closer. If they come closer to each other, they will occupy less space and if the density decreases, the molecules will spread and as they spread, the volume will increase. So what is the density? In a way, all of you will remember me from zero. If we are moving towards 4 degrees Celsius, then the density will increase at 4 degrees Celsius, so what will obviously happen to your volume? Will reduce.

[00:23:19]So here the answer will be decrease.

[00:23:22]But if the same question is asked that we are taking your water from 4°C Celsius towards 0°C Celsius or we are taking it from 4°C Celsius towards 10°C Celsius, then what will happen in this way, that is, if you go above 4 or below 4, then what will happen, then the volume will increase, then what will happen to you, then your volume will increase, friends, your volume will increase.

[00:23:52]I told you this because tell me one thing, if the molecules come closer.

[00:23:57]Look, there's this molecule and then there's this molecule. Look, now the molecules are coming closer so the density is increasing.

[00:24:06]But the volume is decreasing. If molecules are moving far apart, what is happening to the density? It is decreasing. But your volume is increasing. You have to understand this.

[00:24:16]Water molecules are closest together at 4°C.

[00:24:19]You should know this. Did you understand? Keep it till here. Where do the nuclear reactions that produce the heat required for energy production take place? Tell. Tell me brother. Where do your thermonuclear reactions, which are related to your energy production, take place? Your center of the Earth, inside stars in volcanoes or in your artificial satellites, tell me about your process for the production of energy, share the session with all your friends quickly, so that you guys can make this wonderful session reach as many people as possible, so that all our students can benefit from this wonderful session, okay, tell me here, brother, so what will be your answer, brother, the heat required for energy production, the reactions of the nucleus, so these are your inides inside the stars, well, remember one more thing about the stars, which are basically stars, friends, which are your stars, okay, in them the fourth state is found, the fourth state of your matter is found, the fourth state of our matter, that is plasma state, that is plasma. The temperature of plasma is 10 to the power 7 Kelvin. The temperature of the plasma state is 10 to the power 7 Kelvin.

[00:25:47]10 to the power 7 Kelvin is such a high temperature that if this temperature is reached inside a gas, the gases get ionized. So actually the gas itself is heated. The gas itself is heated and what is made of it? Plasma. What is made?

[00:26:04]Plasma. 10 to the power 7 Kelvin at this temperature. So what do we prepare from gas? Prepare plasma. So plasma is your process in a way.

[00:26:13]Like talking about stars. There is a hydrogen inside the Sun.

[00:26:21]What does that hydrogen do to other hydrogens? Yours reacts.

[00:26:23]And forms a large nucleus of helium.

[00:26:26]A large nucleus of helium prepares you here. Ok? And this is a big nucleus of helium, here hydrogen and hydrogen combine to form helium and when helium is formed, this process is called nuclear fusion, nuclear fusion, remember nuclear fusion, remember fusion, okay? Is it clear? Let's next go to what is known as rat poison.

[00:27:03]Tell me rat poison.

[00:27:08]Tell me what is rat poison? Well, rats cause a disease. Do you know? Rats are better than rats, rats do not cause that disease. It doesn't happen with rats. The flea found inside it is your flea. What happens to the flea, brother?

[00:27:20]You get a disease. So it is not the rat but a cub found inside the rat. It causes a disease. So what disease is that? That is the plague.

[00:27:35]Ok? Which one is it? plague. Well, now the plague is called the Black Death.

[00:27:40]If I talk about this plague, your disease was so dangerous. It was such a dangerous disease that a large population of Europe was wiped out by this plague. Ok? It was spread in India also. It is called the Black Death. And who does this happen to? From bacteria. Hey sir, this is not caused by any virus. It is caused by bacteria. Yes friends, it is caused by a bacterium. The name of that bacterium is Pasteurella pestis.

[00:28:08]Pasteurella pistis.

[00:28:12]Pasteurella Pistis What is this Pasteurella Pistis? What is the Pashurala Pistis?

[00:28:22]What is your kind of Pasurala Pistis? There's bacteria, there's your bacteria. And this Pasteurella pestis is your bacteria. It spreads plague.

[00:28:28]And plague sir, how did so many deaths occur due to bacterial disease at that time? So so many deaths occurred due to bacterial diseases because antibiotics had not been discovered till then. So at that time, even if there was any disease caused by bacteria, many people would have been cured of it.

[00:28:43]Because if I tell you that if we talk about it now, then plague disease or any bacterial disease can be easily treated. It can be treated.

[00:28:53]Because now we have antibiotics to fight bacterial diseases.

[00:28:59]But do you know that the world's first antibiotic was made in 1928.

[00:29:03]Alexander Fleming took a fungus, a fungus called Penicillium notatum, and from that he prepared your penicillin, which we used to treat what? To bacterial disease. And now bacterial diseases are largely under our control. Isn't it? So now the damage that occurs on a very large scale is due to viral diseases. Which are your viral diseases. Just like the diseases caused by viruses like Covid, if we look at it, it is an RNA virus coming from the retrovirus family.

[00:29:30]Ok? It is yours.

[00:29:33]So till that time, from bacteria, that is why you know that the population of the world has increased at the same speed in the last 100 years, remember, for all the years that humans have been on this earth, the graph is coming straight. Meaning, ever since humans have been on this earth, the graph has been looking like this.

[00:29:54]And in the last few years, almost 100 years, basically your ah population has increased like this. So this graph is coming out flat in a way because basically there used to be a lot of wars at this time.

[00:30:06]People were killed.

[00:30:08]Secondly, many diseases used to occur and there was no way to prevent them. So many people used to die due to diseases. Isn't it? Many such diseases came like plague, at that time the plague came like a pandemic. A large area was affected by the plague epidemic. A pandemic, you understand what I mean? Pandemic means a global epidemic that engulfs the entire world.

[00:30:29]Ok? But since medical science progressed, medicines were made and after the medicines were made, people started getting saved easily. When organ transplantation started, people started avoiding it. So the death rate here has suddenly reduced. Ok? So the population increased. Ok? Is it clear? Now let's talk.

[00:30:50]So here your potassium cyanide, which is potassium cyanide, will be the answer. Your option number will become C. Let's talk about white phosphorus.

[00:31:01]Ok? Well, there is one more thing, there will be two answers here. Zinc phosphide is also used brother. So apply both of these my friend. Meaning both A and B will come, I think. Here both A and B.

[00:31:13]A and remember C both. Because zinc phosphite is also used here. Let's talk about white phosphorus. It is kept in water because what is it? It is self-flammable. It burns automatically in the air. It is self-flammable.

[00:31:27]White phosphorus is spontaneously inflammable. It is self-flammable.

[00:31:36]You should know. White phosphorus is kept in water.

[00:31:38]Ok? One is red phosphorus. All of you remember Lal.

[00:31:42]Phosphorus Red Phosphorus Red Phosphorus is your this is your makes matchstick.

[00:31:56]What does your matchstick do? It creates.

[00:32:01]This is your red phosphorus.

[00:32:04]Which wood will be used to make the next matchstick? Tell. To make a matchstick, matchstick means matchstick. So the resin that you have in the matchstick is red phosphorus. Now what do we use here? So we use your pine wood. Pine wood is used. Konan is basically your Sakona plant, brother.

[00:32:28]What will happen to you Cinchona? There will be a plant. There will be a cinchona plant. Basically Sakona will be your plant. The bark of the Cinchona plant, what will you have, what will we extract from it, remember quinine, what will be extracted from it, quinine and then the medicine will be prepared, chloroquine, chloroquine, remember quinine, chloroquine will come and this chloroquine medicine will be used in the treatment of malaria, the word malaria was given by Maculose in 1827, the word was given by Maculose in 1827, recently a new medicine for malaria has been made, R2 Matrix M, R2 Matrix M, what is this medicine for malaria? It is a new medicine. What is the R2 matrix of malaria? In a way, it is your new medicine. R21 Matrix M is a new malaria drug. And this is your R21 Matrix M, the new malaria medicine. Friends, who has prepared this for you? Where else has its trial been conducted, in Serum Institute and Oxford University, UK? It is conducted within three countries: Burkina Faso, Ghana and Nigeria.

[00:34:14]You should know. Next, which factor is usually checked in the pollution testing of vehicles? You must have noticed that now PUC cards are being made. Even if you do not have a pollution card within Delhi, your vehicle may not be causing pollution. Still, friends, how much is your challan?

[00:34:30]₹10,000. Yes, ₹10,000. If your car is in perfect condition, the engine is good, it is not emitting smoke and you do not have that PUC card of ₹150 certified that yes brother, your car is really pollution free. So you will get a direct challan of ₹10,000 even if you are buying the car from an agency.

[00:34:47]Ok?

[00:34:50]What can be done now? We go to the petrol pump and when we reach there the petrol pump owner says start the car brother. Ok? When we talk about vehicle pollution, when we go to the petrol pump, the vehicle is started and the smoke from the vehicle is collected in a machine and the machine calculates the particles of what kind in that smoke, so it detects lead and also you should know carbon particles. So the machine detects lead and carbon particles.

[00:35:19]If more lead and carbon particles are found in that smoke. This means that your engine is not working properly because it is emitting lead and carbon in large quantities. Meaning the functioning of the engine is not proper. However, the card can still be made in India. Even if more lead and carbon particles are found, he still makes the card by charging ₹100 extra. But this is wrong. If I talk about this thing, one way to check here is your lead and carbon particles. Lead and carbon particles will be tested in a way here, friends. Ok?

[00:35:57]So you understood, right? Is it clear?

[00:36:00]You have to understand this. Why so? Because basically, when there is congestion of petrol, friends, then after the congestion, when its smoke comes out, then there are lead and carbon particles in the smoke. Look, they are in the smoke. But it should not be so much that it spreads too much pollution. Isn't it?

[00:36:19]Your question will definitely come from Master Glass, brother. So let us talk about lead. So friends, let me tell you here that your lead will be your PB 82 and your carbon will be C for carbon atomic number six. Ok?

[00:36:36]Whenever an atomic bomb is blasted somewhere, then from inside the atomic bomb, from inside the nuclear bomb, friends, I would like to tell you that your final product is lead only. Ok? The final product becomes your lead. You have to understand this here.

[00:36:52]Antimony take take take take take lead silica. Well, the particles of silica, all of you should remember this, silicosis, all of you should remember this, it is a disease.

[00:37:07]Ok? Silicosis becomes a disease.

[00:37:11]Silicosis occurs in people who work in sand mines, coal mines, where there is a lot of dust.

[00:37:20]Ok? Where do the workers function? The workers work at such sites where there are coal mines, coal excavation or you can say mining is going on, sand etc. is being excavated. When they work there or in any dusty place, what happens is that when they breathe, some amount of dust around them goes to their nose through their nasal pharynx? It goes into the lungs.

[00:37:52]And silica particles get deposited inside the lungs. Because that dust contains silica particles.

[00:38:00]And from there a disease occurs called silicosis. Which disease? Silicosis. So silicosis disease will occur in such people who are generally working in dust and from that silica particles are entering their lungs. Is it clear?

[00:38:17]All these things. Let's go ahead brother. Let's move ahead. Next, what do you get if you treat cellulose with concentrated and cold sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide? It is said here friends that your cellose. Well, speaking of cellulose, what is it? Cellulose friends, cellulose is your polysaccharide.

[00:38:43]Cellulose is your polysaccharide.

[00:38:45]And what is the form of? of carbohydrates.

[00:38:51]And if we talk about carbohydrates, then the cellulose in your plants and your algae, the cell wall around them is made up of this cellulose. Their cell wall is made up of these.

[00:39:09]What are your friends made of? Your cell walls, which are those of plants and algae, are made of cellulose. Cellulose Which of the following is found in the highest quantity among all the polysaccharides in the world? That is cellulose. Because you know there are so many plants, there are so many algae.

[00:39:27]Although there were so many plants. Now there are not that many plants left because you know what the governments are doing, that is, the forest land, the land of the tribals, the land of the animals, they are giving it to the industrialists for ₹1, ₹2, 50 paise, go and loot it, do you understand what I mean, it is being looted like this, that is, you should understand, that is, in the forest areas, so many trees are being continuously cut. Let me tell you one thing. You will say, come on sir, let the earth be destroyed.

[00:40:04]Elon Musk is going to occupy Mars or we will move to some other planet.

[00:40:09]So son, even after going to that planet, first of all you will have to plant trees.

[00:40:14]You will have to arrange for water. Are you getting the point? So you understand how deep it is that if you are seeing life on any planet, then the first thing you have to do on that planet is to go and plant trees.

[00:40:26]Understand? So if you want to start building a life somewhere, if you want to start your life, then first of all you will go there and do plantation. Only then there is some hope and you are playing with the plantation where it is. Think.

[00:40:40]This is what is called not valuing what you have and expecting something that you neither have nor is in your possession nor will you ever get. Isn't it? This is what happens to humans. Did you understand? Even if we occupy Mars, brother, first of all you will have to do farming there. You will have to plant trees only then you will be able to breathe. Now you are not a plant, what will you do with CO2 by photosynthesis?

[00:41:10]And there is a lot of methane gas and a lot of toxic gases. Did you understand? What am I saying?

[00:41:18]Let's go and all of you will join on the Telegram channel brother this is your Telegram channel Dilawar Sir Times Club, okay so this is our Telegram channel all of you can connect on this Telegram channel.

[00:41:46]Ok? What should happen brother, you guys should connect here.

[00:41:53]Let's start forming nylon from here.

[00:42:07]Well, this nylon is also a very interesting thing. What is nylon actually? It is an artificial fiber. Nylon is a synthetic fibre. Now this nylon which is your artificial fibre, how was it prepared? Ok? It was prepared. As I told you, by reacting cellulose in the presence of concentrated sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide.

[00:42:31]Ok? To what?

[00:42:33]How is our nylon prepared? So our cell nylon was prepared by reacting cellulose with concentrated sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda, in the presence of carbon dioxide.

[00:42:45]Now Nylon is actually made up of two words.

[00:42:48]NY Ny and L O N Your Lawn Nylon. NY is the name of one of your cities.

[00:42:56]And LON is also the name of a similar city. Ok? NY means New York and LON means London. So by combining the names of these two cities, New York and London, we finally created nylon, which is an artificial fibre. Are you getting the point? So NY New York LO N for London. Ok? Like rayon etc. are being used a lot now, but the first artificial fibre to be prepared in the world was your nylon, made by combining the names of the cities New York and London. Is it clear?

[00:43:27]Absolutely fine. Like Rayon is written below. Let's look at the next question.

[00:43:31]What is the process of vulcanization called? what is done?

[00:43:34]Friends, what will be done in the process of vulcanization, see the rubber which is natural rubber, okay, what is natural rubber like, brother, it does not have any shape, it does not have any size, it is not very hard, it is not rigid, so actually if we are talking about your volcanic vulcanization, we are talking about vulcanization, then vulcanization which is a process, what will be done in it, what will be done to your rubber, in a way it will be heated with sulphur, what will be done to the rubber with sulphur? It will be heated to harden it. Can be made rigid. It can be made hard, it can be made rigid and along with making it rigid, it can be given a certain shape.

[00:44:22]Because there is no certain shape.

[00:44:25]We can give you the exact size. Certain Shape Certain Shape What can we give him? Certainly remember that you can give it shape. Certainly remember that you can give it shape. So that we can give it a certain shape.

[00:44:44]You have to understand this here.

[00:44:46]Remember that definitely. Can give shape. To give you a fixed shape. That is called vulcanization.

[00:44:54]Which bond is present in H2SO4? Which bonds are present? Let me tell you.

[00:44:58]Mainly, what is this example of yours?

[00:45:02]Please tell me. Please tell me in the offline comment box that your H2SO4 is mainly an example of which bond. Let me tell you, two bonds will be formed here. Two different types of bonds will be formed. But still, the example of this bond is most commonly taken as H2SO4. Ok?

[00:45:22]Where will you tell me this? Will you tell me in your offline comment box what will be its correct answer? Ok?

[00:45:32]So brother, that's all for today, we will meet in the next session.

[00:45:35]Thank you very much. Hail India.