Unification of Italy

追加: 2026-05-18

[00:00:00]Hello everyone. Today's concept is about verification of Italy which is one of the important five marker question in your CBC board examination and has been repeated in your board paper several times. So it is very important and you're going to learn about theification of Italy and how to represent the same answer in your paper. Okay, we'll start.

[00:00:23]Before starting the reification process, we need to understand how Italy was fragmented into small small pieces.

[00:00:31]Okay. Yes. On board we can see different parts of Italy written. For example, Freedmont, Sardinia, Djadi, Venicia, Pa, Moda, Taspani, Paper States and Sicily.

[00:00:45]So this is two kingdom of Sicily. Upper Sicily and lower Sicily. And if you write about the fragmentation of Italy for sure 1 mark to 1.5 okay we start the unification of Italy starts from fragmentation yes listen very carefully the places like Lombardi and Venicia was under the direct control of Austrian prince Lombardi Venicia was directly controlled by Austrian prince Palmer Mona these places was also controlled by the halfs of empire which means it was indirectly controlled by the Austrian prince. So totally the whole northern Italy was under the control of Austrian king directly or indirectly. And you have papal state which was controlled by pope. Papal state was controlled by pope. We all know that pope pope is the head of Roman Catholics. And two kingdoms was under the control of Goan dynasty of Spain. up history both was controlled by government denast of Spain and Sardinia and which is together called as seo sardinia don't get confused the southern part is called as sardinia the northern part is called as together they are called as seo sardinia and there is nothing but kingdom of sardinia which was controlled by the Italian king victor man out of all these places only two places were the Italian king controlled that say so unification process nothing but to bring back all these places to Italy's kingdom and that will be the unification process okay I repeat to bring all these places back to kingdom by writing the answer how should you represent the answer the northern Italy was controlled by Austrian Empire the central Italy this paper was controlled by the southern Italy was controlled by the H sorry it was controlled by ministry of Spain king and finally these two places were under the king Vid Emanuel Z who is the vitalist king. So this is about fragmentation of kidney and once we start the process withification we need to remember four important identities name that is count Victor Manuel second and Dariati Mazni and Dari party were revolutionaries was the chief minister of Italy and king Victor Manuel second is the king or the emperor of the Italian kingdom. Okay.

[00:03:22]The process of the Italian reunification was first begin by the revolutionary called Mazni. He began the reification process in 1830 and 1848. Which means he attempted twice for the reification process. Mazani you all know that Mazni had two secretities young and young hero. By the help of young and young hero he began the unification process and attempted the unification of further two times that is twice which means in 1830 and 1848 but unfortunately he was unsuccessful. So the reification process starts for Mazi 1830 1848 unsuccessful attempt for the unification of methine.

[00:04:07]Then when Mazim fail obviously theification process the responsibility fell into the hands of Mr. Raman again.

[00:04:15]So he took the responsibilities but the most important person to be noted in the reunification process is the chief minister counter who is called as the brain behind ethania unification. Countd is called as the brain behind ethania unification. Why? What's the reason behind it? It's very simple. Now as we know that we need to bring all these places back to Italy's control. So what H did cable took the help of France.

[00:04:48]He took the help of French army. He took the help of France and defeated the Austrian Empire in 1859.

[00:04:59]He defeated Austrian Empire in 1859.

[00:05:03]So Austria, Direct and India had five places in control. Lombardi, Venicia, Karma, Madina, Tasani. Out of all these five places, four places came back to Italy when cable defeated Austria with the help of French kingdom, French army.

[00:05:21]Which are those four places? We got Lombardi back, we got farmer back, we got Madena and also Tasmani. The only place which is left out is Genia.

[00:05:32]People need to remember this. Okay. Then what happened? After a took all these praises back. Now the next step would be about Ghani party. Ghibi is also revolutionary who is a student of Mazeri. He had established his own army called as red shirts. Red shirt is a secret society and also his own army.

[00:05:55]This information is in your page number 22. Page number 22 in box two. Page number 22. Box two. This information is given with sorry Bari party established his own army called as lecturers. With the help of red shirts he also gained the support of local peasants. We red shirt local peasants and many other people supported and he defeated the barber dynasty of Spain. That was in 1860.

[00:06:27]1860 Nalibar defeated Bomb International Spain and he got the two Sicilian kingdom back to Italy and now we have only two places left out that is Paper State and Indonesia has joined the kingdom. Now what happened after 1860 you should remember the date called 1861.

[00:06:49]In 1861, King Mangan once again declared Italy as the unified Italy. He declared Italy as unified Italy. Sir, Italy has not unified. We have two more places left out that is Venian state. Yes, those two more places were not considered to be. Now 1861 Italy was declared as we find Italy and then call it as Laia.

[00:07:18]large unified Italhian language and some common people illiterates believe that is a without that it's a little man's wife name so if someone ask you when was Italy declared unified it is 1861 but we have two more left out 1866 Venicia got into Italy's control there is no such information about Venicia there is only one given in page number 21 where exactly you can find the date for 1866 right next to Vanisha which means Vanishia was merged into Italy in 1866.

[00:08:01]Then we have paper state which is very important. Paper state was ruled by Pope. Pope is a church head was ruled by Pope. He is a Christian church head but this pope was supported by French army.

[00:08:17]Pope was supported by French army.

[00:08:22]Now what happened? For some reasons, for some reason in 1817, for some reason in 1817, French army moved out of paper state. French army moved out of this paper state and Pope had no hope and no support. Now Pope had to surrender to Galiadi. Pope had to surrender to Ghardi and actual unification of Italy happened in 1870 and771. Okay, it's very important. Some of you do know this.

[00:08:54]1861 Italy was declared unified but there was one more place called state which was still under the control of Pope. It was not under the control of Italy scheme. So now what happened? Po was supported by French army and French army moved out of paper share. Why did they move on paper state? What's the reason? That will be towards a unification of Germany concept. So now the French army moved out of paper state and Pope had no hope. He got alone and he had to surrender to Dhari. So the final actual complete navigation of was done in 1877. Yeah. And this information also given in your textbook. Well in box 2 page number 22 this information is mentioned. If someone ask you what was unified the declaration was done in 61 but the actual unification was done in 1871. So that's all about your unification of a five marker. Start with fragmentation. Remember these four important identities and numbers is very easy 30 48 attempt happen. If you write about English you get half marks and one marks and 59 60 61 easy and finally don't forget to write 77 here. Okay. So that's all about verification of the English chapter. We'll meet you in next class and please do comment what next concept do you choose or like to hear from me. Okay guys, thank you.