Cartels, such as OPEC or hypothetical collaborations between Coke/Pepsi or Boeing/Airbus, fail because individual members have incentives to cheat by secretly increasing production and offering hidden discounts, which destroys the cartel's price-fixing agreement and triggers a price war, illustrating the prisoner's dilemma in real-world oligopolies.
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Why Cartels don’t work?Added:
What if Coke and Pepsi secretly decide to team up? I'll ask you an even more insane question. What if Boeing and Airbus did the same?
Together, they control almost the entire commercial aircraft market.
And if they decide to cooperate, plane prices could shoot up overnight. And the airlines would have no choice but to comply. Economists call it a cartel.
And no, not that kind of cartel.
But cartels often don't work for the same reason teenage relationships don't work.
Trust issues. Because what if a company does more production and gives hidden discounts? The cartel falls apart.
And it's a price war again.
It's basically prisoner's dilemma in real life. So, I guess Coke and Pepsi will not be cooperating after all.
Unless they already do.
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