Nano fertilizantes - NANOFERT - Fertilidade em outro nível

[00:00:11][clearing throat] I'm following along here. It 's opening.

[00:00:27]Good morning. Good morning everybody.

[00:00:31]those who are watching live here. Well, for those who don't know me, I'm Marcelo Eduardo Líderes from IBRAF, the Brazilian Bean Institute, and some time ago, I came into contact with an Indian technology. In India, I learned a little more about what will be discussed here. And this industry that we're going to present is establishing itself in Brazil with a very interesting and promising technology for all crops, right?

[00:01:02]Well, Ibra has a greater focus on crops, on special crops, right? And in beans, sesame seeds, popcorn, etc. But we think it will be very interesting for everyone.

[00:01:16]During the presentation, you can send in questions that will be answered as much as possible, either at the time or shortly after.

[00:01:29]We will also have the presentation recorded and available for you later. I would now like to introduce Nanofert, a company with both Indian and Brazilian capital. Fausto Caron is the CEO of the company. He'll explain a little more about the company and the project. The factory is almost ready here in Paraná, in Curitiba, but the company is already working, has stock in the interior, has already done tests, in short, they will give us all the details. And Moacir Coutto Júnior will be presenting the technical content to us. No, Moacir. I had the opportunity to meet him recently and I saw that he is an expert, a person who has dedicated himself to his training and improvement in the field of nanotechnology.

[00:02:26]And today he is the person responsible for the technical area of ​​Nanofert, and she has been working quite hard there, so, based on these details that I have given you. And I'll pass the word here to Fausto. Fausto Caron, thank you very much for being here, thank you very much for this opportunity to present this technology to producers, agronomists, technicians, and indeed, to the people who follow the agricultural market in Brazil. It's a pleasure to have you here. Welcome. The decision is yours.

[00:03:05]Thank you very much, Marcelo, for the opportunity. It was a pleasure to meet you, you know, in India and during those visits and travels through the agricultural sector. Well, as you've seen, right, what nanotechnology is doing and the revolution it's causing in the Indian market, and you were interested in bringing this to Ibraf, we are very happy and satisfied with this opportunity to present Nanofert. So, Nanofert is the first Brazilian company with a 100% nano plant nutrition portfolio. What do I mean by that?

[00:03:46]We truly sell products that are 100% true-to-size in nanoscale, so there's no such thing as a 5% difference. Our products are 100% nanostructured and all are less than 100 nanometers. We're going to delve into the technical aspects here for a moment. Uh, I'll see [clearing throat] if I can quickly put some slides here.

[00:04:12]Well, I don't know if it will be possible, Marcelo, but I'll talk a little bit about how and why we're bringing this technology to Brazil. So, IFCO stands for Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative, which literally means the fertilizer cooperative for Indian farmers.

[00:04:29]It is a company with a 70-year history. It was founded in the early 1960s and today is the largest fertilizer producer in India. The company produces more than 8 million tons of NPK, is the third largest producer of urea in the world and the eighth largest overall.

[00:04:45]IFCO was, and today is, the company that holds the patent, the right to produce and exploit the patent that was developed by the university by Dr. Lat and within the Tamil Nadu University, Agriculture Universe, which is a leading university in agronomic science in India. It was a large project, almost sponsored by the Indian state. India, like Brazil, imports 85% of the fertilizers it consumes. Some interesting data, right?

[00:05:20]India has 200 million hectares of farmland, two and a half times the area of farmland that Brazil has, which needs to be cultivated every year. So, even though it's a huge company, with a revenue of 8 billion dollars and an annual profit of almost 1 billion dollars, its production only meets 20% of the market, meaning there's still a huge quantity, a huge volume of fertilizers that are imported.

[00:05:47][clearing throat] [snoring] And India, just like Brazil, is very concerned about this, right? You need to produce food, and you have an exposure, almost a weakness, right? a vulnerability that prevents you from controlling the inputs you need to produce the food. In 2013, they decided, along with their Institute of Technology and major universities, to look for alternatives to reduce this external dependence, this risk. And after a few months in which these scientists met, they went back to the government, right, the Minister of Agriculture, the Prime Minister, and said: "Look, we think the best alternative to improve this issue would be to apply nanotechnology to fertilizers, right? So, nanotechnology, let's say briefly, but it's already widely used in electronics, textiles, pharmaceuticals, right, the entire pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics, but it wasn't being used. And what does the technology propose to do? To do the same using far fewer resources. So, the proposal of our technology, of nanotechnology applied to fertilizers, is to deliver nutrition with extremely high efficiency, perhaps comparable, there is no other, perhaps, how to nourish with such efficiency in terms of resources applied versus how much the plant absorbs, and so on.

[00:07:17]And at an affordable price. I think the great difficulty the market had was how to do this. So, in the laboratory it's possible to do it on a small scale, but the price wasn't accessible.

[00:07:28]So, India built five factories in the world, in India, excuse me, one in each region of India. They have the capacity to supply all The Indian territory is using nanofertilizers. And they have already managed to reduce the consumption of conventional fertilizers by approximately 10% in 344 districts, several states.

[00:07:49]So, why is that? Because they are optimizing the nutrition system they use. So, we know that there is a great deal of waste or enormous loss, right, in conventional fertilizers applied to the soil. When you bring something that is very efficient into this system, it improves the system. So we are not talking about replacing anything, taking this out, putting that in. We are talking about optimizing each input in the system.

[00:08:23][clearing throat] So, within the system, we have biologicals, we have conventional fertilizers, we have other possibilities, and now we have nanofertilizers, which are the best answer from the point of view of precision agriculture. So, with a low dose, delivered at the right time, you can sustain and meet the nutritional demand of the plant at key moments, in moments when there may even be nutrients in the soil, but they are not available to the plant and perhaps not at the speed that it needs these nutrients.

[00:08:59]So, Nanofert was founded in 2023. Nanofert is an exclusive distributor of nanotechnology developed by IFCO. Nanofert is finalizing a factory in Brazil this year, at the end of the year. This factory will produce nano-encapsulated macro and micronutrients. So we have nanoboron, nanozinc, nanocopper, we have a product that is a cocktail of micronutrients that has molybdenum, manganese, magnesium, copper, iron, porosity, and zinc. And we have a nitrogenous product, which is actually a formula that has 20% nitrogen concentration, 5% phosphorus, 5% potassium, plus 2% sulfur. Today it is the company's flagship product. The company has been commercially active and expanding since last year.

[00:09:50]It already has coverage in practically all regions of Brazil.

[00:09:56]We have 40 salespeople on campus, we have a technical team with more than 10 agronomists, and we are in full expansion. Thank God, the technology really is calling. Listen up. We have a very high volume of recurring sales.

[00:10:13]So, those who use it like not only the effective results in practice, in the field, but also the ease of use. So, we're talking about reducing volumes of liquid fertilizers, right? The fertilizers are liquid and are delivered to the plant through the leaves. Uh, but we're talking about 1 L versus 4.5 L as recommended for conventional non-nano products. So, you reduce it a lot, it's very easy, zero compatibility problems.

[00:10:45]You apply it only once during the growing season, you apply it with fungicide, with herbicide, etc. So, I invite everyone to follow us on LinkedIn, Instagram, or even access the company's website.

[00:10:59]There's a lot of information there about the company's portfolio. Let me make it clear that the product is very accessible, okay? Many people say: "Oh no, technology is great, it's a shame it's so expensive."

[00:11:11]Uh, [clearing throat] it's incredible what India has managed to do, okay? And it's incredible the scale and speed at which they have advanced, because Well, the price has to be affordable for the producer, otherwise we can't have it, right? The pillars are these: performance, a price that fits within the market, and ease of application. So I think we're doing very well in all three areas, and we're very happy to bring this innovation to the market. I want to thank Marcelo again for having the opportunity to see this in India.

[00:11:42]Many delegations of agronomists and scientists went to India, visited our factories, and spoke with the Minister of Agriculture. They are truly very proud of this technology and want it to spread throughout the world. So, I think nanotechnology—many people say nanotechnology is the future of agriculture—is actually already the present. So, get to know Nanofer. And then Moacir will speak a little bit here. I'll prepare to try and show some photos at the end so as not to interrupt the presentation at this moment. Thank you very much, Marcelo.

[00:12:17]It's a pleasure.

[00:12:19]This presentation was great.

[00:12:21]And now, Moacir, it's your turn. Okay, so how does this work?

[00:12:28]Let's go. Good morning. Good morning, Marcelo Fausto. Marcelo, it's a pleasure.

[00:12:34]Thank you for the invitation. Ah, we've been studying and working with nanotechnology for some time now. And what we see as the biggest difficulty is definitely communicating about nanotechnology, talking about nanotechnology with those who already understand it, who already work with it, who already study it. That's it.

[00:12:57]So it's quite simple, but having this opportunity for a seminar and to explain carefully, you know, these things that Fausto brought up, everything that Nanofer is presenting, to reinforce. We are the first company to bring 100% nanotechnology products to Brazil. So, it's a very good opportunity, but also a very big challenge to try to show people what nanotechnology actually is. Aha. Can I give the presentation here, Marcelo? Can I open and conduct it?

[00:13:33]Yes, you can. Go ahead.

[00:13:36]Thank you.

[00:13:42]Can you see my page? Perfect, perfect, [clearing throat] perfect. Let's go.

[00:13:49]Let's try, let's try to explain, because Definitely since I started, I'm an agricultural engineer, I graduated in Viçosa, about 15 years ago, I have a master's degree in plant production and nanotechnology. I've been studying nanotechnology for at least 3 years. I started studying nanotechnology by synthesizing nanoparticles with microorganisms.

[00:14:17]The initial proposal was to protect these microorganisms. We know about the advancement of biologicals in Brazil and the difficulty of having inoculum in the field resistant to temperature, light, etc. And then, at some point, I had an epiphany and I said: "These nanoparticles can be used as fertilizers."

[00:14:39]And then my focus changed completely.

[00:14:42]Throughout this journey, I knew Nanofer. I was in academia, but I went to understand the market, to see if things were definitely progressing as I was studying, right? Because countries like China and India have been dedicated to nanotechnology in agriculture for some time. And it was a great satisfaction, a great pleasure to meet Nanofer, to meet Fausto, right? Today I am Ah, I'm part of the DTM team at Nanofert.

[00:15:11]We are 9 or 10 agronomists, each with a specialization, like IHF, cereals, genetics, application technology, sugarcane.

[00:15:24]So, our proposal as a company is to be able to serve all the main markets. And my role is nanotechnology. Let's explain a little more, let's try to show people how important the technology is and how it has a future. It has a future, the market will understand nanotechnology, we need new things to be able to think about increasing productivity with difficulties in cost, sales prices, etc., right? Uh-huh. I gave a very basic explanation, a lot of reading, but I think we need to start with this, right? What is nanotechnology? Ah, nanotechnology involves several disciplines that try to understand the synthesis, control, manipulation, and application of materials on a large scale, okay? As Fausto mentioned, I'll show you sometime later, nanotechnology is not recent, but In agriculture, it's... So, a lot is already known about nanotechnology in the pharmaceutical industry, in the technology industry itself, in the medical industry, in the food industry; nanostructures have been used for some time now, right? And bringing this to our scenario, bringing it to what we actually came to talk about here, what are nanofertilizers? They can be macro and micronutrients supplied by the plant on a nanoscale.

[00:17:08]We'll explain this a little more later, right? What is the size of an atom, the size of a molecule, the size of a particle?

[00:17:15]How do we differentiate everything from the conventional? We can include nutrients encapsulated or coated with nanomaterials, as well as nutrients simply linked to nanoporous materials, which can serve as carriers, as protectors.

[00:17:32]And this nano size, this nanostructure offers very specific characteristics that make nanotechnology important and functional, right? And I really like this because this is our main point. The challenge, as pioneers of nanotechnology, is that agriculture has been practiced since the beginning of time. Changing paradigms, changing ways of thinking, changing culture isn't easy, and we understand that as a company. Our main challenge is to convey to producers that agronomic efficiency is n't linked to the applied dose or quantity; it's linked to absorption, translocation, and metabolic efficiency. We need to consider all of that when we think about agronomic efficiency.

[00:18:43][snoring] Today we're very concerned about cost, and I understand the producer's perspective.

[00:18:48]I've worked as a farm manager, and it's not easy knowing what you need to do when cost is a problem. I bring this up because I want to add two words to what Fausto said: our products are affordable, they are available, they will be available.

[00:19:16]They will be accessible, that's the key word. Our products will be accessible, but they won't lose their premium characteristics.

[00:19:27]Nanotechnology needs to be... Valued.

[00:19:31]Our team in India has been studying nanotechnology for a long time, right? That 's another important piece of information. I don't know of any companies that have so many papers and articles published related to their products, and our scientific background is very strong, and we've been trying to bring that to Brazil as a market demand.

[00:19:55]So our products will be accessible, but without awards. We won't let the importance of nanotechnology fade away. This is a roadmap of the history of nanotechnology.

[00:20:13]As I told you, since 1930, since the invention of the electron microscope, nanotechnology has been discussed, right? I won't go through all these points, but in a very brief way.

[00:20:28]Ah, in 1959, Femann, a physicist who won the Nobel Prize, etc., gave a lecture. And at some point in the lecture, he said: "There is a plant room in the bottom." He said that there's a lot of space down here and we're not seeing it, and we need to. He also said that everything is a molecule. So, the challenge that... We're having this now in 2026, and Firman had it in 1959, telling people the relevance of nanotechnology.

[00:21:03]In '74, the Japanese coined the term nanotechnology, right? Ah, something important that I like to bring up, which we'll hear a lot about, is that in '91 carbon nanotubes were discovered.

[00:21:16]Today we already have commercial products on the market, which are carbon dots, right? These are products that I know this technology for, I've worked a bit with it. They are definitely products that increase plant photosynthesis, right? They integrate into the system. And then jumping ahead to the beginning of the 2000s, there was a general movement in the world, the European Union, Russia, Japan, prioritizing nanotechnology.

[00:21:51]Brazil also joined in. And then jumping to the 2010s, in 2010, 2008, we started to bring nanotechnology to agriculture more effectively, right? As a result of this, I did a This research, published last year in the American Journal of Nanotechnology, is a graph that provides information on publications related to nanofertilizers, not nanotechnology.

[00:22:23]It kind of corroborates what I've been saying: we understand and have known nanotechnology for many years, but agriculture is only now, in the last 20 or 25 years, getting into it. And as is clearly specified in the table, India is leading the list of countries that are studying and understanding the possibilities of nanotechnology the most.

[00:22:48]I really like this figure because when we talk about nanotechnology with people, they need, first of all, to believe. We're not seeing it, so we need to believe what specialists and people who study it are saying. So this is a size scale. We go from picometers to millimeters, right? The picometer is before the Angstrom, which is before the nanometer.

[00:23:18]So we're talking about molecules of our products, nanoparticles... Our products range down to 60 nanometers. For example, a mitochondrion is 3 micrometers, a bacterium is 2 micrometers, pollen is 400 micrometers, and a stoma is 3 micrometers. So we're talking about very small things, right?

[00:23:42]Really small, and with a different physical behavior than what we know.

[00:23:48]This is just another way to try to fix in people's minds that we're talking about very different things, right? Down to 100 nanometers. We're talking about these nanoparticles in this drawing being 100 to 200 nanometers, but ours go down to 60 nanometers. So we're talking about something smaller than a blood cell, smaller than a strand of hair. So I think it's a cool challenge, an interesting challenge to show people that we understand this technology and demonstrate its functionality, right?

[00:24:25]Ah, these are... Some types of nanomaterials and nanocarriers, okay? We can have metal nanoparticles, right? Copper, selenium, zinc, silver, gold.

[00:24:40]In fact, silver and gold are nanoparticles that are being studied extensively for applications in agriculture, not as nanofertilizers, but with other functionalities. We can have metal oxide nanoparticles, zinc oxide, copper, iron.

[00:24:55]We also have the carbon group, right?

[00:25:00]Single layers, multilayers, graphene, carbon dots, and we also have materials to protect, to encapsulate these molecules: polymers, nanofibers.

[00:25:15]Nanofibers are much more related to what we have here, our nanoencapsulation. We can, through organic acids and amino acids, transform these nanofibers and protect the atoms we are interested in.

[00:25:30]In addition, there's chitosan, which comes from... " Well, it comes from crustaceans, right? It has starch, it has lignin, and it also has, well, nanocomposites, right? When we mix several of these nutrients, these ingredients, let's call them that, to make a nanoparticle, right? These sources I'm mentioning, the sources of our products, especially our micronutrients—we have four products in our portfolio today based on micronutrients: nitrates and sulfates, copper nitrates, zinc nitrates, and so on.

[00:26:09]This scheme here, when you talk about nanotechnology anywhere, someone will talk about this. What are the ways we can get to a nanoparticle?

[00:26:20]We have top-down approaches, right, from top to bottom, and bottom-up approaches. Either we break down the tool or the material of interest into nano-sized particles, or we connect atoms until we reach clusters and then make nanoparticles.

[00:26:42]What I did at the university with microorganisms was to take atoms, reduce them, protect them, and then join them into clusters and turn them into nanoparticles." Nanoparticle. What we do at Nanoferte today is top-down. We take larger molecules and, through ultrasound, we separate these molecules. We're talking about separating electrical charges. We don't break molecules.

[00:27:13]Enzymes break molecules, right? So we separate these molecules within this process that Faustso mentioned, for which we have patents.

[00:27:25]So we can separate the molecules through ultrasound. It's a physical method, a method that won't affect the environment like chemical methods produce a lot of waste, and so on.

[00:27:38]And then we encapsulate them, because when we manage to do this separation, the main objective is to keep them stable after separation, right? In a logical sequence, this is our equipment. This is the Sonic Amalgamator. In this first square tank, we put the products, we put our sources, which are sources of purity. We're talking about products from the chemical industry.

[00:28:09]So we put these products in solution. We use ultrasound, the proposal to build, to make this equipment, right? Well, well, that was n't actually the proposal, right? This equipment was developed by Dr. Lakman's team in India.

[00:28:27]Uh-huh. Apparently, explaining it here makes it seem very simple, but I tried to separate or produce nanoparticles with ultrasound at the university.

[00:28:37]Uh, and it's no joke, you need to get the frequency, the quantity, the time, the dosages right. So, what our team in India built is a very big thing, even though when we explain it, it seems simple.

[00:28:53]So, in this first square tank, we put the products, use ultrasound, and manage to electrostatically separate the molecules.

[00:29:02]In the last tank, the small round one further to the right of my screen, we produce our biopolymer.

[00:29:12]The production of this biopolymer, we have some of the ingredients, the rest we don't. It's a secret, uh, totally understandable, because we've been talking about microencapsulation with amino acids, with polymers, for a long time in agriculture. Now, nanoencapsulation is the first time. And then in the middle tank we mix... People make this mixture, the solution comes with the molecules separated electrostatically, it joins with the biopolymer. The biopolymer plays the role of protection and stabilization.

[00:29:46]This is the main secret of our factory, of our products. In a very illustrative way, in this first drawing there is an example of urea, right? We know the urea molecule very well, right? Oxygen, carbon, two nitrogens., the 4H.

[00:30:09]These molecules in solution. One important detail, folks: molecules and atoms, when isolated, are nanoscale, but in solution, active ingredients, molecules, and atoms all have a charge. In a solution, everyone will seek stability through adherence. So, these conventional particles, 8 to 10,000 nanometers or 8 to 10 micrometers, are separated and encapsulated.

[00:30:41]That's basically it, with all due respect to the work that the technical team has already done, but we simply separate the Nando encapsulates it electrostatically.

[00:30:55]Ah, this is also research that we published last year; it's just to reinforce the drawing shown earlier. In the first part, we have molecules of KCl, P2O5, and urea. These molecules, when isolated, are between I2 and 3 nanometers in size, but in solution they clump together. And what we do is separate them, right? So, the basic unit on one side, the basic unit clustered in the middle, uh, and the nanocapsulated molecules with a size smaller than 100 nanometers.

[00:31:26]When I bring up this information about 100 nanometers, it's because basically our nanofertilizers are up to 60 nanometers. This is, uh, like a research convention, because from 0 to 999 nanometers is nanometer. But in order for us to actually define and classify, even though there are still many standards under construction worldwide, what would actually be a nanomaterial, a nano- fertilizer, in research, anything smaller than 100 nanometers is accepted as nano.

[00:32:07]And so we keep repeating about nanometers, nanometers, nanometers, but what is it that makes nanometers different?

[00:32:16]Everything that makes the nanometer different is explained in this drawing.

[00:32:21]Imagine that the mass of the first ball is the same as the mass of the last ones. We're talking about billions of times. We're talking about divisions from 10 to 9.

[00:32:35]When we do this division, as we decrease the particle size to a nanoscale, we increase the surface area to volume ratio. That's it, especially in our case, we also have nanoencapsulation, but this reduction in size and increase in surface area will bring, will increase, will improve characteristics of interest of the nanomaterial, the chemical reactivity, the interaction with plant tissues, the interaction with other active ingredients, okay? That's the main advantage when we talk about nanotechnology. The size decreases and the surface area increases.

[00:33:23]Ah, for example, folks, this first ball here, 0.5% of the molecules I'm interested in are on the surface, ready to react. 05%.

[00:33:37]When we scale it down to the nanoscale, 50% is on the surface ready to react. So we have much more content exposed, content to interact with plant tissues, with the cells. And that's where we're talking about, taking a step forward when we're talking about plant nutrition. We're not just talking about quantity, we're talking about signaling, about response. The plant perceives the nutrition that was provided differently. And this diagram also explains why we reduced the doses. The False One cited one in four of our nanofertilizers compared to conventional products that are not in nano size, because we have more molecules able to interact and react. So we will lose less and we will also have more effectiveness in the use and assimilation by the plant.

[00:34:39]Ah, these are brief characteristics of amino acids and organic acids.

[00:34:44]Why is it important to bring this up? Because our nanoencapsulation is fully biodegradable, it has recognition and aggregation interactions with plant tissues, including the cuticle, making it ideal for foliar application.

[00:35:03]So, I brought some simple bullet points regarding amino acids and organic acids, right? It has high solubility, biodegradability, hygroscopicity, and the ability to chelate and buffer. Organic acids are characterized by the carboxyl groups that have a negative charge. This is very important. The amino acids endoxyl, the carboxyl groups have the amine groups, right? One is the hydrogen and the radical, right, that's what will change, that's what will actually form the amino acid.

[00:35:37]Well, these two molecules form polymers and biopolymers, right? And biopolymers can be processed to become filaments.

[00:35:49]Why did I bring this? Because our nanofertilizers are nanoencapsulated with biopolymer filaments made up of organic acids and amino acids, right? In the case of amino acids, they are present in the encapsulation of our micronutrients, not the macronutrients.

[00:36:05]Micronutrients, because they have a higher load, are more difficult to stabilize, so they need a boost. Yes, to be clear, I brought some examples of organic acids and amino acids. These aren't the ones we use, okay? But this is just to illustrate and exemplify what molecules are like. So, these molecules bind together, following the amino acid pattern, and then water is released, right? One OH group on one side, another on the other, this group binds together and continues to bind, forming biopolymers. And we can take this biopolymer, remove the filaments, and form the nanofibers that allow us to perform our nanoencapsulation.

[00:36:47]Ah, you already know about the different types of nanoparticle structures, right? These include microgels, microemulsions, nanoemulsions, liposomes, and so on. Ah, ours falls under the category of biopolymer nanoparticles. And what's different about that, Moaci, compared to the rest? Okay? The main characteristics of our nanoparticles with biopolymers are greater stability and protection, right? Industrial scalability, biocompatibility, and delivery efficiency, which is gradual release.

[00:37:24]But what about the others? Some of them, as you can see, have size issues, okay? to reach nano size. Ah, for some others, emotions, especially micro-emotions and nano-emotions, do not have the potential for efficient delivery. The gradual release, you know, the emotions, the release in general is a little faster.

[00:37:46]And then there are the microices, liposomes, which are being studied extensively recently, but are very expensive to produce, lack industrial scalability, and haven't been used in agriculture yet. So, these are perspectives on the future, but we already know what's happening and we're always keeping track of it, right?

[00:38:07]Here, I humbly share what goes through my mind when I have to tell people to believe in nanotechnology or nanoparticles. Everything I've presented so far—the shapes, the molecules, the nanoencapsulation—is more or less what results when we manage to create our product. It's not exactly perfect in that way, it can change and shift in various ways, in short, in various formats, but overall we manage to maintain control over this production. That's an intact nanocapsule with a cross-section, and inside it's full of molecules. We can also count how many molecules we have in each nanostructure.

[00:38:54]It's important to bring up this information because we're going to talk a lot in the medium term, in the future, about molecular nutrition, how many molecules, how many atoms a plant needs, how many units of production it requires.

[00:39:09]We understand the challenge, we understand that today we talk in kilograms, in tons. Yes, but it's a trend. We, as Nanofer, are very proud to be the forerunners of this debate. It's not been easy, is it? But in moments like this, we manage to have a little time to explain things to people and make that connection clear, right? We're talking about molecular nutrition. How much does a plant need, how many molecules does it need, not kilograms per ton. But later on, at some point, we 'll bring up that phrase. The plant doesn't read that per hectare, right? It doesn't read tons per hectare. Ah, in that first drawing, right? And now in the second drawing, don't focus so much on the solid core, because that's not the perspective. The idea is to showcase these radicals more. around.

[00:40:08]This information is very important because it is the radicals of organic acids and amino acids that will provide stability to our products, the stability of the nanoparticles in solution.

[00:40:21]Within these green radicals, we have a charge, and we can measure that charge. The charge of our particles is slightly negative.

[00:40:31]So, for all of them, there's a safety range where we can measure these charges and the nanoparticles remain stable. And in addition to electrostatic stability, we have a stability called steric stability, which is a physical stability that these radicals exhibit when they are hydrated.

[00:40:57]They are stretched out, and that way one nanoparticle can't get close to another, keeping them separated, keeping them stable, preventing clumping, preventing loss of product quality, and so on. Ah, I like to bring up the example of burrs, right? It's like taking a burr and trying to put one next to the other.

[00:41:17]That's the perspective. Yes, in addition, these radicals bring this balance, this hydrophilic-hydrophobic equilibrium to our nanoparticles, which has a scale of zero to 20, zero affinity with oil, 20 affinity with water. We're between 9 and 10. This means that we can transport, we can cross the lipid bilayer of cells without any problem, besides obviously the size, right?

[00:41:50]When we, when the plant absorbs our nanostructures, our nano-philizing agents, how does the whole activity within the plant begin, how does it work? The primary mechanism for the release and activation of these nanostructures is enzymatic. The plant senses the entry of the nanoparticles and activates the production, or has already produced, of plant enzymes such as enterases, proteases, and glucoses.

[00:42:18]So these enzymes recognize the bonds of nanoencapsulation, of organic acids, of amino acids. The nanoparticle breaks into smaller parts, and molecules are released from within it.

[00:42:32]Molecules can exit by diffusion, simply exiting through the break that occurred, or there can be an exchange, where another molecule can enter and connect. And this process is ongoing. This process happens all the time. So when the nutrient molecule is released inside the plant, the plant will respond to that molecule like any other fertilizer. The whole point is that we are in every cell. We are in many cells, in various parts of the plant, right? And at the same time, what is not used is stored in the vacuum. The plant understands; the plant signals to itself that it already has enough nutrients.

[00:43:10]Ah, so that's basically how our nanofertilizers work.

[00:43:15]So, as I said, the process is continuous, right? With the nanocapsule intact, the enzymes recognize it. And there you can follow the diagram above showing the gradual release and the diagram above showing a cell. Ah, the drawing at the bottom of a cell isn't 100% proportional, but the perspective of this drawing is what you understand. We 're talking about particles smaller than ribosomes, mitochondria, and organelles. So we're going to have cellular nanoparticles everywhere.

[00:43:49]And then the plant starts working, the enzymes start working, we do the cleavage, right?

[00:43:54]The enzyme penetrates, cleaves, the molecule is released, and the cycle continues, right? The first drawing of the bottom part. We know that the primary function of stomachs isn't nutrient absorption, but when considering molecules that are 100 or 1000 times smaller, this absorption does indeed happen effectively. And the drawing on the side shows the nanostructures throughout the cell. That's what you need most, right? It's no use having the nutrient in the root; I need it in the bud meristem to produce a branch and a pod and grow seeds.

[00:44:30]So we need to have the correct timing for application and, obviously, have the nutrient in the place where the plant needs it.

[00:44:37][snoring] Ah, and there you go again, right? I also like this slide because it's a confrontation, it's a challenge for us, and we need to bring this up in discussions. We need to consider a plant as a unit of production. We already have a lot of technology, imaging technology, application technology, right? So, we need to move away from kilograms per hectare and think about the number of atoms available, what is definitely reaching the plant, right? And I'd like to conclude this slide by saying that we didn't come here to replace the conventional method; we came here to correct the error that the conventional method leaves behind. So, seeking greater efficiency, seeking greater productivity, because in the end, all this that I'm talking about here, if there's no money left in the producer's pocket, it's all for nothing.

[00:45:29]So here's some supporting data, just to emphasize the robustness of Nanofert's research. Ah, this is a scanning electron microscopy image we took of stomata after applying conventional and nanonitro treatments, right? The interesting part is that after 3 hours we no longer noticed nanoparticles around the stomata, and after 24 hours we had conventional urea nanoparticles there. This means that it is not absorbed quickly, it is lost due to light, rain, heat, and all the other components of weathering, let's say. Okay, one important piece of information: we guarantee that our products will be 90% absorbed within 3 hours, okay? Aha. I dare say that what wasn't, the 10% that remains, the 10% that remained has a much higher adhesion rate due to the characteristics of our biopolymer. So, some of that 10% will still be absorbed, and what falls on the ground will also, in a way, be absorbed if it reaches the root. But anyway, we're talking about efficiency, right? And nothing is 100% efficient. [snoring] This here is an illustration of the possible ways we can achieve absorption, how the plant can absorb nanoparticles. So, yes, they can enter through the stomata, through trichomes, through cracks, most of the time, due to the size and characteristics of the biopolymer, without energy expenditure, right? Yes, it's in a passive way, but also through one or another input, the plant spends the minimum amount of energy to absorb these nanostructures.

[00:47:15]And as I've said a few times, the plant doesn't measure kilograms, it perceives concentration and availability. That's the focus of our products. Fausto mentioned that we are part of a system, so we can send signals to the plant more effectively. When a plant receives a small dose of nano-fertilizer, it will recognize that it has the nutrient. So it will develop, it will signal to the other parts, it will take what's in the soil box, it will do more photosynthesis, and so on, and it will develop as we want, right? So the plant perceives concentration and availability with a large size, right? Few points of contact, small surface area, less interaction, so the plant doesn't perceive it as much. When we reduce the size, the same area generates millions of times more points of contact, as I showed in the drawing earlier, increasing the surface area, the surface energy and, obviously, the interaction with the biological environment, which is what we want, that's the important point, right? So, size means greater responsiveness and efficiency. Wow, Mo has already said this about three times, I'm going to say it 200 times, because that's definitely the differentiating factor of nano fertilizers, right? So, size means greater reactivity and efficiency, greater gains in metabolic efficiency. So, when we reduce the size of the particles, we drastically increase the surface area and the number of reactive sites. This promotes interaction with leaves, roots, and soil solution, obviously increasing absorption, translocation, and metabolic utilization.

[00:49:01]Yet another piece of evidence. Our team from India, ah, labeled it with isotopes, nanurea, with nitrogen 15, and then we went to do a nuclear magnetic resonance. This is for us to test, folks, for those who don't know, to see where the nitrogen, phosphorus, or boron that I marked are located inside the plant.

[00:49:24]He's inside the plant. If so, what part is he involved in?

[00:49:29]Ah, so we did this marking, and administered the injections in regular doses. This is an experiment that is entirely following scientific standards. So when we measured it in the first figure, we found nitrogen from conventional urea, with the particle size of conventional urea, within the plant's system.

[00:49:54]When we measured the nanonitrogenesis, we found more than five pathways within the amine group, interacting with nitrogen metabolism, forming amino acids and, obviously, proteins. So this here is proof of the efficiency when we use nano.

[00:50:18]This is another job as well.

[00:50:20]This is very important. This is Vevis spectroscopy. What's this thing doing here, guys?

[00:50:28]Every body receives, absorbs, or reflects wavelengths that are measured in nanometers. And you already know each other, right? My shirt is this color because it's reflecting this color and absorbing all the others. Well, in that same vein, it is already known which wavelengths are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B and by the metabolites that are components of the organic photosystem.

[00:51:03]We are representing chlorophyll A and B, and the two metabolite components of the photosystem. We applied conventional urea, nanonitro, and nanofos, which is our NPK rich in phosphorus, and we measured if there was greater production of chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B. And we can perfectly observe the increase in chlorophyll production in the graph. Why is it important?

[00:51:30]Because we, you know, remember the chlorophyll molecule, a magnesium in the middle, four nitrogens on the sides. So, that's the importance of nitrogen for chlorophyll production. And if we have chlorophyll, we have photosynthesis. If there is photosynthesis, there is more productivity, there is more production, and so on.

[00:51:50]This is a study we conducted in the field here in Brazil to confirm the use of nanofertilizers within the system. We applied nanonitro and nanoplus to a pasture. Before applying this, we checked and measured the quantity of each nutrient.

[00:52:13]So, before the application, we had 12.83 kg per hectare.

[00:52:18]4.9 of phosphorus and so on. The number below, 240, 50, 50. That's the amount of nutrients we include in grams, based on the serving size of our products. Anitem 20% N, based on the dose, we had 240 g.

[00:52:38]And after applying those 200, those 240 g of nitrogen, we ended up with 27.39 kg of nitrogen per hectare of pasture. Massim, but you only put in 240g of N? How much did it gain in kilograms? It is the composition of the system as a whole. The plant developed, the plant received the signal, the plant understood everything that was happening, absorbed more from the soil, performed more photosynthesis, and increased its leaf area. So, that's exactly the perspective. We had the iron levels dropping down here. That's another physiological discussion, we can get into it another time, like competition for active sites, the way iron is present in the soil itself, and so on. But, in short, it's a very robust, very interesting result, because we're bringing it to light in relation to the research.

[00:53:38]This one is almost finished. It's a publication that the team in India has that I think summarizes everything that's been said so far. Our team in India collected Arabidops, which is a plant, a small herbaceous plant, known in the laboratory. Ah, we already know the DNA of this plant, we already know the life cycle of this plant. Ah, so, it's very good for research because we can evaluate the performance of various factors with it. So, what did our team in India do? He applied conventional urea and then applied nanonitrogen to measure gene suppression and activation.

[00:54:21]Wow, but do those Nanoferte products even work on genetics? No, we work in efficient nutrition.

[00:54:28]Efficient nutrition is what provides the answer in the plant's genetics. So, after application, our team measured and the nanofertilizers induced higher levels of growth and development-related genes compared to conventional urea. Well, greater cell wall biosynthesis and genes related to cell wall biosynthesis, right? That's kind of redundant information, isn't it? Activation of genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.

[00:54:58]Activation of light-responsive genes.

[00:55:00]This, in an interesting way, corroborates what was said before, with the increase in photosynthesis, with the increase in chlorophyll AIB, and so on. H, increased hormonal metabolism and activation of signaling genes.

[00:55:15]And finally, [clearing throat] unsurprisingly, but very interestingly, we had gene suppression for cell death, abscission, and senescence. That makes sense. The plant understood that it was nourished, it understood the nutrient signal.

[00:55:31]So she suppressed genes that hinder development. The plant just went, it just followed its own path. Here are a few more phrases that I think are isolated, but for me they are very important because we are going to talk a lot about nanotechnology in agriculture; there are already many companies, especially those producing pesticides, arriving in this field, right? And Nanofert will be at the table to discuss nanotechnology with everyone. Yes, size means greater responsiveness and efficiency. That's what we need to remember. The gain doesn't come from replacing mass, replacing kilos, tons, but from increasing the agronomic efficiency of the system. How are we supposed to understand all of this, right? The farmer will not make money by applying fertilizer. He makes money by transforming fertilizer into productivity. How can we do that? If we can get the plant to make better use of the nutrients already present in the soil through fertilization, it is often possible to reduce conventional fertilization without losing performance. As we've been saying from the beginning, it's about being part of the system. We improved the system.

[00:56:51]We talk about beans, soybeans, cereals, corn, etc. These are species, these are cultures where genetics are very strong. So, if we don't understand the conditions that this genetic strain needs to perform at its best, then years and years of research developing a genetic strain is useless; we haven't given the plant what it truly needs, right? And the plant doesn't ask, it's about how much fertilizer we can replace, right? The question isn't how much fertilizer we can replace, the question is how much we can increase the efficiency of the fertilizer that is already being used. That's the perspective, that's the proposal. And this is a summary chart that presents these five pillars of our nanofertilizers. How nanofertil's nanotechnology works: smaller product volume. Why? Because we have a smaller size and a larger contact surface, exposing a greater number of molecules to interaction, greater reactivity, greater assimilation and utilization by the plant, right? The biopolymer's characteristics allow for greater absorption and, obviously, its size provides greater mobility, enabling nutrients to translocate.

[00:58:12]That's another debate that we can bring up at another time when it's relevant. Our micronutrients and macronutrients are mobile because we're no longer talking about the charge of the molecule that's carrying the nutrient into the plant. We 're talking about the biopolymer filler that performs the nanoencapsulation, right? And continuing with the biopolymer, we're talking about gradual release, right? I really like to give an example: those energy supplements only gave us the amount of vitamin C we needed, a truckload of vitamin C in one tablet, the rest was all thrown away. So this is the perspective of gradual easing. And so, obviously, to finalize the greatest metabolic benefit, we're talking about correcting a problem that conventional methods have. So, as a nano-fertilizer, we will bring greater efficiency.

[00:59:20]This is a summary of a summary, but maybe a little more... with more words, right? How does our technology work, the bioavailability of nutrients, right? A larger volume of particles in a smaller volume of product, right? The greater the volume of available atoms, the greater the absorption by the leaves, right? Considering the characteristics of the biopolymer, it can be absorbed through the stomach, cuticle, trichome, and cracks. The rashes are small. The capsules are very small, but if the biopolymer happens to have some lysis on the outside, that nutrient will enter and pass through.

[01:00:00]Mobility within the plant, right, is mainly due to the biopolymer load, cellular metabolism and physiology, ease of assimilation and movement within the plant, right, by the cells. The cells have openings that connect to each other, called plasmodesmata, which are 3 to 4 nanometers in size.

[01:00:21]So, when the light from our nanoencapsulation is inside a cell and a molecule becomes available, it can go from one cell to another, right? The availability of the nutrient, in short, the bioencapsulated nanoparticles, right?

[01:00:36]So, [clearing throat] our gradual release, I prefer the word gradual instead of controlling, because the plant is in control, not me.

[01:00:44]So, it's a gradual release of nutrients over time. Ah, our products, due to the stability mentioned here— electrostatic and steric stability— allow us a shelf life of 2 years. And considering a foliar product, and considering availability as a distributor, or even as a large property that makes advance investments... This gives us great peace of mind, allowing us to keep the product properly stored and maintain its quality when we use it later. And obviously, after saying the word " stability" a lot of times, I learned that our compatibility with the chemicals we use in agriculture is huge, it's enormous. But regardless, like any chemical product, we have instructions for mixing, mixing order, and volume, obviously, right? Every chemical product, anything that involves even the slightest bit of chemistry and physics, requires this kind of care.

[01:01:49]This is our portfolio. We currently have seven products, basically: nanonitro, nanofo, and nanocale, right? Nitro is a 255 with 2% sulfur, foso is an 8163, and cale is a 91.

[01:02:07]In addition, we have nanoplus, which contains molybdenum, copper, boron, zinc, magnesium, and now it's coming with a little nitrogen, nanocopper, nanozinc, and nanobor.

[01:02:23]Ah, Marcelo Fausto, I have some results, some things related to what we've been doing specifically with beans.

[01:02:31]Okay, so would you like to chat about the technology first? How do you prefer it?

[01:02:37]I think we could exchange some ideas, you could show some results, where you tested it, and who tested it. I think this type of information will be quite important and complementary.

[01:02:55]Your ability to summarize so many years of work is very good, and it's a truly disruptive technology, I would say, even though we think we already know nanotechnology here in Brazil. But when you show it this way, I believe it's quite interesting for those who follow, and those who will follow later, this video that will be on YouTube. I think it would be interesting. So, where did you find out, and what were the results?

[01:03:30]Ah, today we're reaping some results, collecting some data, but mainly in Mato Grosso, Goiás, and Paraná, we had an average of 6.4 extra sacks with our treatment, primarily focused on nanonitro and nanoplus in beans. Yes, that's what I've been following, Marcelo, I even did this survey yesterday.

[01:04:00]We have, at least here in the region where I'm working, as I said, we're in the phase of monitoring the field, collecting data on what we're doing. It's a second crop that we're bringing in for the beans. Well, we have, at least in the areas I'm following, more than 10 results that we've been seeing from biometric data collection, and we're seeing a great development in the culture, with producers giving very positive feedback.

[01:04:26]Obviously, in some places like Paraná, we were about to reap really good results, but then a frost came and we had problems, okay? in Mato Grosso.

[01:04:33][clearing throat] The staff are also using Ponta Grossa, at Agromaroque, a trial where we had a gain of 4.7 sacks, so it's available in black beans. Well, in the Mato Grosso region, in the main hub, including in Parecis, in the Sorriso region, at this moment we have more than 10 reference producers in the region, where we even had an Ibraf event, who are using center pivot irrigation for irrigated beans. We have it in the state of Minas Gerais, we have it in the state of Goiás. So, uh, the product is being used and tested, and some large buyers, exporters of beans, are also using the product in barter, you know, in business with their clients.

[01:05:19]But the results with beans are generally very good, right? A very satisfactory Ciro.

[01:05:27]Yeah, exactly, right? Thus, more so than in other cultures, from the point of view of productivity, we have delivered. It's also important to understand why, but I think the news is positive, right? Here we are trying to understand why beans are responding better than other crops, but the general response we have, and these are also the parameters from India, shows high productivity in the range of 5 to 15%.

[01:05:54]So, several factors influence this that are beyond our control, but I think that nanofertilizers, and the Nanofer products, are a safe investment for the producer. So, on average, we have over 150 soybean fields that we track and monitor, with 83% of the results showing that the product delivered more than the investment, meaning the producer fully recouped their investment.

[01:06:27]Out of 150 cases, we had 10 or 15 where the result was truly unsatisfactory. So, as with any technology, our job is to understand why certain factors exist, such as stress, abiotic factors, lack of water, infestation by some pest, and so on, in various situations. So, we're not saying you'll always win, but on average you'll win 80% of the time, and the size of that win will vary, right? It could be 3, 4, or 5%, but it could also be five. So we have clients, for example, in Primavera do Leste, two large groups, the FV group, it's published, these tests are published, IBF, who gained more than 10 sacks of soybeans per hectare.

[01:07:14]On average, producers who invested in soybeans gained between four and five sacks of soybeans, which is a result we consider good, considering that the investment is in the range of about one sack of soybeans for that management. Bean farming receives a little more attention, but the investment the producer will make is also contained within a sack of beans.

[01:07:39]Well, just to add to the background, we brought the technology in 2023.

[01:07:47]The first scientist we contacted was Professor Heitor Cantarela from the Agronomic Institute of Campinas. Given his reputation and the importance he represents, the company and our Indian partner have always prioritized science, and the path we followed—look, it was practically three years without accessing the market, just validating the product, defining the positioning, crop by crop. So, we have tests today at the Agronomic Institute of Campinas, at the Paulista Agency for Agricultural Technology, at the Mato Grosso Foundation, at GAPS in Goiás, at the ABC Foundation, at the State University of Maringá, and I do n't want to forget anyone here in western Bahia, Fronte Len, in Mato Grosso with Proteplan underway, Paulo Assunção, Adriano Nora, in short, we really have a TAC, Pedif, and so on. For example, we have an extremely rich database today. That's the basis on which we defined our positions.

[01:08:54]So, India has always talked about it, and we're talking about precision agriculture here, right, Marcil? So, we can deliver a nutrient at the key moment the plant needs it, with the highest availability that any technology can provide. So here we're talking about a bioavailable product that delivers those micro and macro nutrients when the plant needs them most. The challenge is to deliver at that moment, obviously.

[01:09:20]So, all those tests, validations, curve tests, we did compatibility tests. So, another interesting fact, right? We apply the product with fungicide, ceticide, and herbicide. In potato cultivation, for example, we've done applications with 15 different products in the tank, and we haven't had any compatibility problems. So, India already had all these studies, all these tests, but the producer wanted to know here in Brazil, you know, with the products that we use locally and that we also developed at the State University of Maringá. Our technical team did it, we have it all filmed and we have the evidence on the field, right?

[01:09:59]With various producers and fields, we do n't have that problem, you know.

[01:10:04][snoring] So, again, just going back to the positioning, I think today we are very confident regarding the timing of the application, regarding the products that should be applied, regarding what we want to protect, how we want the plant to work or absorb and gain efficiency with the application.

[01:10:26][Clearing throat] Fausto Marcelo, I have the positions here, can I share some with you so we can have a chat about the issue of positioning? I have a question. Whoever is watching now, for example, and solves it, is already seeing that it 's in use, right? Between him contacting you and receiving the product, how long will it take him to tell you?

[01:10:50]Today we have products, uh, you know, product stocks available in the state of Mato Grosso, in western Bahia, in the interior of São Paulo, and here in the South. So, the product is already there, it's already there, today we work, you know, on our logistics and distribution centers. So, we have a warehouse located in the Sorriso region, between Sorriso and Lucas do Rio Verde. And we have another one in Luís Eduardo Magalhães, which has products available. So, agility is super important, right? Especially for us, since we're bringing in a new technology.

[01:11:29]Yes, so we can deliver very quickly. Well, it obviously depends on the place, the producer's location, but in a matter of days, we can deliver the product. It also depends a bit on the size and volume of the order, but in general we can deliver the product in two or three days.

[01:11:50]Excellent. Go ahead, please, Noir.

[01:11:55]Let's go. Let's answer José's question here in a more objective way, but before that, just to complement what you asked and what Fausto brought up, Marcelo, today we have representatives all over Brazil, right? Our technical team, we have three, ah, in Mato Grosso, Rodrigo Rossigal in Cuiabá, Paulo, I do n't know exactly his weight, I think, and André in Sorriso.

[01:12:24]I'm in Uberlândia, Rafael is also here in the triangle region in Patos, Rodrigo is in Uberaba, Maissa and Vittor are in São Paulo, and Éder is in Paraná. So we can, uh, make this investment in the main regions, okay? Right? Emphasizing that, right, Moc?

[01:12:47]In this team we have specialists in seed genetics, physiologists, plant physiology, soil, product application, application technologies, a team that has a very broad understanding of all the aspects necessary for us to serve our producer, our client, from a technical point of view.

[01:13:12]OK. And, and, and furthermore, we identify ourselves as a technology company.

[01:13:18]So, the team needs to understand nanotechnology.

[01:13:23]So, any conversation you have with someone from the Nanofert team will involve a great chat about technology.

[01:13:31]And then I talk about the RCs, I talk about our team, uh, ah, the coach, okay? But here, José, what are the recommended management practices compared to conventional management? Let's go. This here is our positioning on some bean varieties that we have already built through tests and retests, okay? So, this is the first one, thinking about black, about the carioca (Rio de Janeiro native), about the striped pattern, about the jalo (a type of Japanese dress). Ah, this one is thinking about the black world. Ah, this one is for mung bean and this one is for calamari, okay? So, are these additional applications to the already standard protocol, or are some treatments already in use being removed? We can proceed in both ways. That will depend on the local approach, that will depend on what has already been done, that will depend on the producer's financial resources. Obviously, we guarantee the delivery of our product, but the team simply won't just let things slide with a "oh, do this and that's it" attitude. We're going to talk to the producer, we're going to understand what's being done, whether it's possible to combine both, whether it will be excessive, whether it will be too expensive, whether it will yield a return. So, in this way, we can work in all possible ways.

[01:14:49]That's the perspective, that's the expectation, you see? Ah, José, I hope I managed to answer your questions about the positions. That's all I wanted to bring up, Marcelo.

[01:15:03]OK. Well, during the presentation, I also put your contact information in the chat.

[01:15:12]Moacir's contact information is there, it's in the chat.

[01:15:16]Let me take a look here.

[01:15:20]Yes, José is saying thank you here, he said thank you. Okay, we're going to make this material available, probably in cut versions as well to make it easier to access. Well, I appreciate your attention and the opportunity to showcase this technology. I was just thinking, Fausto, imagine the difference that makes for a seedbed, right? It's just that it's beans, which means six more bags. Yes, yes, yes, several seed companies are already working with the product. Obviously, for sowing seeds, she needs to take great precautions and be very careful, but the results are incredible.

[01:16:05]So today we have seeds for soybean seedlings, wheat, what else? We use corn, corn, corn, everyone, right? And it is indeed there that you see the vigor, this biofortification, all of that present there, in addition to the increase in productivity. So, those seed companies and the people who work in that field, I think they should get to know Nanofer's products because the results are very good. We can't publish many of these results because we don't have authorization from the partner company, but I 'm talking about the big ones, I'm talking about multinational companies, that should soon help us disseminate this technology among the associated producers, the cooperative members who promote and produce seeds. But it's really cool, very cool indeed.

[01:17:04]Okay, Moacir, one final word from you.

[01:17:09]Ah, first of all, thank you, Marcelo, ever since we met. It's a pleasure to be with you, to chat, to talk about beans with everyone. Thank you for the opportunity to bring up the topic of nanotechnology, right? For me it's very easy, for me it's very beautiful and simple to understand, but from the perspective of a college advisor, if you explain it to your grandmother, will she understand? So that has been the challenge, to make nanotechnology, ah, I'll repeat Dr. Lakman's words, premium and affordable. It's a premium yet affordable product, packed with cutting-edge technology, and that's never forgotten. Well, in short, it's a pleasure. We are at your service and thank you again.

[01:17:59]Nice to meet you, Moacir. Fausto, anything else?

[01:18:03]I want to thank you again. We are very pleased with this partnership with IBRAF. Well, here I am, for everyone who follows IBRAF, the work IBRAF does is, you know, incredible. I came, we've gotten to know each other better, and I think Marcelo here should genuinely thank Marcelo for his interest. We can see that you're truly a warrior in the bean and pulse sector, wanting to bring good things to IBRAF's members. So, uh, just like you, I think you were impressed and saw that this was something innovative, something that deserved attention.

[01:18:40]We want to say that we will always treat all IBRAF partners here in a very special way, and we are very interested in working together and that this partnership with IBRAF will be a great success. I'm sure that nanotechnology in bean fields and bean seedbeds is a path of no return. So, again, thank you for the space, and also to all the people who watched or who have any questions, but didn't have the opportunity to ask them here today, please write to us.

[01:19:13]The company's WhatsApp number is available there, as is Massir's email address.

[01:19:20]No answer will go unanswered, no question will remain unanswered, okay?

[01:19:23]We are very pleased to present this technology. So feel free to write today, tomorrow, anytime. If you could mention that you attended the lecture and what you saw, it would be great for us to even measure the impact of the event, okay? So, it was a pleasure, thank you very much. Here at Ibra, we have a concern, uh, in addition to all the explanation, it's what appears on the last line of the producer's Excel spreadsheet, right? That's when we know it makes a difference. That's why we're interested, why we're so eager to connect producers with this technology, knowing the challenges that exist in the field, right? They're increasing, right? But there is good news coming, like the news you brought.

[01:20:11]Thank you all, thank you to those who followed along here, and whenever you come back to watch this video, it will be available. Yes, feel free to contact us, as Fausto and Moacir mentioned, we are also available.

[01:20:30]Finally, long live Brazilian beans, and let's move forward. Warm regards, have a good day, a good week, and good business.